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Naik A, Chitturi P, Nguyen J, Leask A. The yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1) inhibitor celastrol suppresses the ability of transforming growth factor β to activate human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 160:105910. [PMID: 38364717 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether celastrol, an inhibitor of the mechanosensitive transcriptional cofactor yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1), impairs the ability of TGFβ1 to stimulate fibrogenic activity in human gingival fibroblast cell line. DESIGN Human gingival fibroblasts were pre-treated with celastrol or DMSO followed by stimulation with or without TGFβ1 (4 ng/ml). We then utilized bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence, cell proliferation assays to determine if celastrol impaired TGFβ1-induced responses in a human gingival fibroblast cell line. RESULTS Celastrol impaired the ability of TGFβ1 to induce expression of the profibrotic marker and mediator CCN2. Bulk RNAseq analysis of gingival fibroblasts treated with TGFβ1, in the presence or absence of celastrol, revealed that celastrol impaired the ability of TGFβ1 to induce mRNA expression of genes within extracellular matrix, wound healing, focal adhesion and cytokine/Wnt signaling clusters. RT-PCR analysis of extracted RNAs confirmed that celastrol antagonized the ability of TGFβ1 to induce expression of genes anticipated to contribute to fibrotic responses. Celastrol also reduced gingival fibroblast proliferation, and YAP1 nuclear localization in response to TGFβ1. CONCLUSION YAP1 inhibitors such as celastrol could be used to impair pro-fibrotic responses to TGFβ1 in human gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angha Naik
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - John Nguyen
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Sirisereephap K, Tamura H, Lim JH, Surboyo MDC, Isono T, Hiyoshi T, Rosenkranz AL, Sato-Yamada Y, Domon H, Ikeda A, Hirose T, Sunazuka T, Yoshiba N, Okada H, Terao Y, Maeda T, Tabeta K, Chavakis T, Hajishengallis G, Maekawa T. A novel macrolide-Del-1 axis to regenerate bone in old age. iScience 2024; 27:108798. [PMID: 38261928 PMCID: PMC10797555 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic inflammatory bone loss disorders, such as periodontitis, in large part due to the impaired regenerative potential of aging tissues. DEL-1 exerts osteogenic activity and promotes bone regeneration. However, DEL-1 expression declines with age. Here we show that systemically administered macrolide antibiotics and a non-antibiotic erythromycin derivative, EM-523, restore DEL-1 expression in 18-month-old ("aged") mice while promoting regeneration of bone lost due to naturally occurring age-related periodontitis. These compounds failed to induce bone regeneration in age-matched DEL-1-deficient mice. Consequently, these drugs promoted DEL-1-dependent functions, including alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression in the periodontal tissue while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, leading to net bone growth. Macrolide-treated aged mice exhibited increased skeletal bone mass, suggesting that this treatment may be pertinent to systemic bone loss disorders. In conclusion, we identified a macrolide-DEL-1 axis that can regenerate bone lost due to aging-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kridtapat Sirisereephap
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hikaru Tamura
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jong-Hyung Lim
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Andrea L. Rosenkranz
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yurie Sato-Yamada
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Akari Ikeda
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirose
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sunazuka
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Nagako Yoshiba
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomoki Maekawa
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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Ponnaiyan D, Rughwani RR, Victor DJ, Shetty G. Stem Cells in the Periodontium-Anatomically Related Yet Physiologically Diverse. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:1-13. [PMID: 36588293 PMCID: PMC10959637 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex chronic disease discernible by the deterioration of periodontal tissue. The goal of periodontal therapy is to achieve complete tissue regeneration, and one of the most promising treatment options is to harness the regenerative potential of stem cells available within the periodontal complex. Periodontal ligament stem cells, gingival mesenchymal stem cells, oral periosteal stem cells, and dental follicle stem cells have structural similarities, but their immunological responses and features differ. The qualities of diverse periodontal stem cells, their immune-modulatory effects, and variances in their phenotypes and characteristics will be discussed in this review. Although there is evidence on each stem cell population in the periodontium, understanding the differences in markers expressed, the various research conducted so far on their regenerative potential, will help in understanding which stem cell population will be a better candidate for tissue engineering. The possibility of selecting the most amenable stem cell population for optimal periodontal regeneration and the development and current application of superior tissue engineering treatment options such as autologous transplantation, three-dimensional bioengineered scaffolds, dental stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Ponnaiyan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Roshan R. Rughwani
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhayanand John Victor
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh Shetty
- Dental and Orthodontic Clinic, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Marto CM, Laranjo M, Gonçalves AC, Paula A, Jorge J, Caetano-Oliveira R, Sousa MI, Oliveiros B, Ramalho-Santos J, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Marques-Ferreira M, Cabrita A, Botelho MF, Carrilho E. In Vitro Characterization of Reversine-Treated Gingival Fibroblasts and Their Safety Evaluation after In Vivo Transplantation. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:207. [PMID: 38399261 PMCID: PMC10892828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reversine is a purine derivative that has been investigated with regard to its biological effects, such as its anticancer properties and, mostly, its ability to induce the dedifferentiation of adult cells, increasing their plasticity. The obtained dedifferentiated cells have a high potential for use in regenerative procedures, such as regenerative dentistry (RD). Instead of replacing the lost or damaged oral tissues with synthetic materials, RD uses stem cells combined with matrices and an appropriate microenvironment to achieve tissue regeneration. However, the currently available stem cell sources present limitations, thus restricting the potential of RD. Based on this problem, new sources of stem cells are fundamental. This work aims to characterize mouse gingival fibroblasts (GFs) after dedifferentiation with reversine. Different administration protocols were tested, and the cells obtained were evaluated regarding their cell metabolism, protein and DNA contents, cell cycle changes, morphology, cell death, genotoxicity, and acquisition of stem cell characteristics. Additionally, their teratoma potential was evaluated after in vivo transplantation. Reversine caused toxicity at higher concentrations, with decreased cell metabolic activity and protein content. The cells obtained displayed polyploidy, a cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and showed an enlarged size. Additionally, apoptosis and genotoxicity were found at higher reversine concentrations. A subpopulation of the GFs possessed stem properties, as supported by the increased expression of CD90, CD105, and TERT, the existence of a CD106+ population, and their trilineage differentiation capacity. The dedifferentiated cells did not induce teratoma formation. The extensive characterization performed shows that significant functional, morphological, and genetic changes occur during the dedifferentiation process. The dedifferentiated cells have some stem-like characteristics, which are of interest for RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Miguel Marto
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal (E.C.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Paula
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal (E.C.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Jorge
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Caetano-Oliveira
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Germano de Sousa—Centro de Diagnóstico Histopatológico CEDAP, University of Coimbra, 3000-377 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Sousa
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveiros
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Ramalho-Santos
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Marques-Ferreira
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Cabrita
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eunice Carrilho
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice and Laboratory of Evidence-Based and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal (E.C.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (B.O.); (M.M.-F.)
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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5
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Srivastava R, Singh K, Abouhashem AS, Kumar M, Kacar S, Verma SS, Mohanty SK, Sinha M, Ghatak S, Xuan Y, Sen CK. Human fetal dermal fibroblast-myeloid cell diversity is characterized by dominance of pro-healing Annexin1-FPR1 signaling. iScience 2023; 26:107533. [PMID: 37636079 PMCID: PMC10450526 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal skin achieves scarless wound repair. Dermal fibroblasts play a central role in extracellular matrix deposition and scarring outcomes. Both fetal and gingival wound repair share minimal scarring outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that compared to adult skin fibroblasts, human fetal skin fibroblast diversity is unique and partly overlaps with gingival skin fibroblasts. Human fetal skin (FS, n = 3), gingiva (HGG, n = 13), and mature skin (MS, n = 13) were compared at single-cell resolution. Dermal fibroblasts, the most abundant cluster, were examined to establish a connectome with other skin cells. Annexin1-FPR1 signaling pathway was dominant in both FS as well as HGG fibroblasts and related myeloid cells while scanty in MS fibroblasts. Myeloid-specific FPR1-ORF delivered in murine wound edge using tissue nanotransfection (TNT) technology significantly enhanced the quality of healing. Pseudotime analyses identified the co-existence of an HGG fibroblast subset with FPR1high myeloid cells of fetal origin indicating common underlying biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajneesh Srivastava
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kanhaiya Singh
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ahmed S. Abouhashem
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Sharkia Clinical Research Department, Ministry of Health, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manishekhar Kumar
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sedat Kacar
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sumit S. Verma
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sujit K. Mohanty
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mithun Sinha
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Subhadip Ghatak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yi Xuan
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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6
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Gao Y, Duan R, Li H, Jiang L, Tao T, Liu X, Zhu L, Li Z, Chen B, Zheng S, Lin X, Su W. Single-cell analysis of immune cells on gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune uveitis. iScience 2023; 26:106729. [PMID: 37216113 PMCID: PMC10192653 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have shown astonishing efficacy in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these immunosuppressive properties remain poorly understood. Here, we generated a lymph node single-cell transcriptomic atlas of GMSC-treated experimental autoimmune uveitis mice. GMSC exerted profound rescue effects on T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes. GMSCs rescued the proportion of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and increased the proportion of regulatory T cells. In addition to globally altered transcriptional factors (Fosb and Jund), we observed cell type-dependent gene regulation (e.g., Il17a and Rac1 in Th17 cells), highlighting the GMSCs' cell type-dependent immunomodulatory capacity. GMSCs strongly influenced the phenotypes of Th17 cells, suppressing the formation of the highly inflammatory CCR6-CCR2+ phenotype and enhancing the production of interleukin (IL) -10 in the CCR6+CCR2+ phenotype. Integration of the glucocorticoid-treated transcriptome suggests a more specific immunosuppressive effect of GMSCs on lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Runping Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Loujing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Tianyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Xiuxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Zhaohuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Binyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Songguo Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Xianchai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
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7
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Brooks S, Mittler S, Hamilton DW. Contact Guidance of Connective Tissue Fibroblasts on Submicrometer Anisotropic Topographical Cues Is Dependent on Tissue of Origin, β1 Integrins, and Tensin-1 Recruitment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19817-19832. [PMID: 37067372 PMCID: PMC10141244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The substratum topography of both natural and synthetic materials is a prominent regulator of cell behaviors including adhesion, migration, matrix fibrillogenesis, and cell phenotype. Connective tissue fibroblasts are known to respond to repeating groove topographical modifications by aligning and exhibiting directed migration, a phenomenon termed contact guidance. Although both reside in collagen rich connective tissues, dermal and gingival fibroblasts are known to exhibit differences in phenotype during wound healing, with gingival tissue showing a fetal-like scarless response. Differences in adhesion formation and maturation are known to underlie both a scarring phenotype and cell response to topographical features. Utilizing repeating groove substrates with periodicities of 600, 900, and 1200 nm (depth, 100 nm), we investigated the roles of integrins αvβ3 and β1 associated adhesions on contact guidance of human gingival (HGFs) and dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). HGFs showed a higher degree of orientation with the groove long axis than HDFs, with alignment of both vinculin and tensin-1 evident on 600 and 900 nm periodicities in both cell types. Orientation with grooves of any periodicity in HGFs and HDFs did not alter the adhesion number or area compared to smooth control surfaces. Growth of both cell types on all periodicities reduced fibronectin fibrillogenesis compared to control surfaces. Independent inhibition of integrin αvβ3 and β1 in both cell types induced changes in spreading up to 6 h and reduced alignment with the groove long axis. At 24 h post-seeding with blocking antibodies, HGFs recovered orientation, but in HDFs, blocking of β1, but not αvβ3 integrins, inhibited alignment. Blocking of β1 and αvβ3 in HDFs, but not HGFs, inhibited tensin-1-associated fibrillar adhesion formation. Furthermore, inhibition of β1 integrins in HDFs, but not HGFs, resulted in recruitment of tensin-1 to αvβ3 focal adhesions, preventing HDFs from aligning with the groove long axis. Our work demonstrates that tensin-1 localization with specific integrins in adhesion sites is an important determinant of contact guidance. This work emphasizes further the need for tissue-specific biomaterials, when integration into host tissues is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Brooks
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Silvia Mittler
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Douglas W. Hamilton
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A
5C1, Canada
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Wang W, Wang A, Hu G, Bian M, Chen L, Zhao Q, Sun W, Wu Y. Potential of an Aligned Porous Hydrogel Scaffold Combined with Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells or Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Promote Tissue Regeneration in Rat Periodontal Defects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1961-1975. [PMID: 36942823 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal tissue regeneration is a major challenge in tissue engineering due to its regenerated environment complexity. It aims to regenerate not only the supporting alveolar bone and cementum around teeth but also the key connecting periodontal ligament. Herein, a constructed aligned porous hydrogel scaffold carrying cells based on chitosan (CHI) and oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS) treated with a freeze-casting technique was fabricated, which aimed to induce the arrangement of periodontal tissue regeneration. The microscopic morphology and physical and chemical properties of the hydrogel scaffold were evaluated. The biocompatibilities with periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) or gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were verified, respectively, by Live/Dead staining and CCK8 in vitro. Furthermore, the regeneration effect of the aligned porous hydrogel scaffold combined with PDLSCs and GMSCs was evaluated in vivo. The biocompatibility experiments showed no statistical significance between the hydrogel culture group and blank control (P > 0.05). In a rat periodontal defect model, PDLSC and GMSC hydrogel experimental groups showed more pronounced bone tissue repair than the blank control (P < 0.05) in micro-CT. In addition, there was more tissue repair (P < 0.05) of PDLSC and GMSC hydrogel groups from histological staining images. Higher expressions of OPN, Runx-2, and COL-I were detected in both of the above groups via immunohistochemistry staining. More importantly, the group with the aligned porous hydrogel induced more order periodontal ligament formation than that with the ordinary hydrogel in Masson's trichrome analysis. Collectively, it is expected to promote periodontal tissue regeneration utilizing an aligned porous hydrogel scaffold combined with PDLSCs and GMSCs (CHI-OCS-PDLSC/GMSC composite), which provides an alternative possibility for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofu Hu
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Bian
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Wu
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
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9
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Li H, Huna R, Tan X, Li N, Zhang Y, Jiao X, Liu M. C5aR antagonist inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220404. [PMID: 36753088 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal complement activation is associated with periodontitis. W54011 is a novel non-peptide C5aR antagonist (C5aRA) that exhibits favorable anti-inflammatory effects in various inflammatory models. However, whether W54011 inhibits periodontitis has not yet been fully elucidated. To address this, we have investigated the probable anti-inflammatory mechanism of W54011 in LPS-treated inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). METHODOLOGY HGFs were isolated from healthy gingival tissue samples using the tissue block method and were identified with immunofluorescence staining. The CCK8 assay and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were used to select the optimal induction conditions for Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and C5aRA (according to supplementary data S1, S2 and S3). The levels of inflammatory cytokines, C5aR, and the activation of NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways were determined by RT-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. RESULTS Immunofluorescence results showed that vimentin and FSP-1 were positive in HGFs and Keratin was negative in HGFs. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that C5aRA inhibited LPS-stimulated nuclear translocation of p-p65. RT-qPCR and Western blotting showed that C5aRA reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, C5aR, p-p65, p-IκBα, p-JNK, p-c-JUN, and TLR4 in LPS-induced HGFs. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that C5aRA attenuated the release of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced HGFs by blocking the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Li
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Risu Huna
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Oral Implant Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohan Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Prosthodontics, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Oral Implant Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Prosthodontics, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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First-in-Human Study to Investigate the Safety Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Regeneration with Micronized-Gingival Connective Tissue: A Pilot Case Series Study. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:medicines10010009. [PMID: 36662493 PMCID: PMC9865433 DOI: 10.3390/medicines10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: We have recently proposed an alternative strategy of free gingival graft (FGG) and connective tissue graft (CTG) using micronized-gingival connective tissues (MGCTs). The advantage of this strategy is that MGCTs from a small piece of maxillary tuberosity can regenerate the keratinized tissue band. However, safety and efficacy have not yet been established in patients. This clinical study was a pilot case series, and the objective was to assess the safety and the preliminary efficacy of MGCTs on peri-implant mucosa regeneration. Methods: This was a pilot interventional, single-center, first-in-human (FIH), open (no masking), uncontrolled, and single-assignment study. A total of 4 patients who needed peri-implant soft tissues reconstruction around dental implants received transplantation of atelocollagen-matrix with MGCTs micronized by the tissue disruptor technique. The duration of intervention was 4 weeks after surgery. Results: This first clinical study demonstrated that using MGCTs did not cause any irreversible adverse events, and it showed the preliminary efficacy for peri-implant soft tissues reconstruction in dental implant therapy. Conclusions: Though further studies are needed on an appropriate scale, as an alternative strategy of FGG or CTG, MGCTs might be promising for peri-implant mucosa reconstruction without requiring a high level of skills and morbidity to harvest graft tissues.
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11
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Dieterle MP, Gross T, Steinberg T, Tomakidi P, Becker K, Vach K, Kremer K, Proksch S. Characterization of a Stemness-Optimized Purification Method for Human Dental-Pulp Stem Cells: An Approach to Standardization. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203204. [PMID: 36291072 PMCID: PMC9600643 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are promising for oral/craniofacial regeneration, but their purification and characterization is not yet standardized. hDPSCs from three donors were purified by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS)-assisted STRO-1-positive cell enrichment (+), colony derivation (c), or a combination of both (c/+). Immunophenotype, clonogenicity, stemness marker expression, senescence, and proliferation were analyzed. Multilineage differentiation was assessed by qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and extracellular matrix mineralization. To confirm the credibility of the results, repeated measures analysis and post hoc p-value adjustment were applied. All hDPSC fractions expressed STRO-1 and were similar for several surface markers, while their clonogenicity and expression of CD10/44/105/146, and 166 varied with the purification method. (+) cells proliferated significantly faster than (c/+), while (c) showed the highest increase in metabolic activity. Colony formation was most efficient in (+) cells, which also exhibited the lowest cellular senescence. All hDPSCs produced mineralized extracellular matrix. Regarding osteogenic induction, (c/+) revealed a significant increase in mRNA expression of COL5A1 and COL6A1, while osteogenic marker genes were detected at varying levels. (c/+) were the only population missing BDNF gene transcription increase during neurogenic induction. All hDPSCs were able to differentiate into chondrocytes. In summary, the three hDPSCs populations showed differences in phenotype, stemness, proliferation, and differentiation capacity. The data suggest that STRO-1-positive cell enrichment is the optimal choice for hDPSCs purification to maintain hDPSCs stemness. Furthermore, an (immuno) phenotypic characterization is the minimum requirement for quality control in hDPSCs studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Philipp Dieterle
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tara Gross
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Centre for Dental Medicine Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-27047460
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Centre for Dental Medicine Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kremer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Proksch
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Centre for Dental Medicine Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
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12
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Gingival epithelial cell-derived microvesicles activate mineralization in gingival fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15779. [PMID: 36138045 PMCID: PMC9500071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue calcification occurs in many parts of the body, including the gingival tissue. Epithelial cell-derived MVs can control many functions in fibroblasts but their role in regulating mineralization has not been explored. We hypothesized that microvesicles (MVs) derived from gingival epithelial cells could regulate calcification of gingival fibroblast cultures in osteogenic environment. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium with or without human gingival epithelial cell-derived MV stimulation. Mineralization of the cultures, localization of the MVs and mineral deposits in the HGF cultures were assessed. Gene expression changes associated with MV exposure were analyzed using gene expression profiling and real-time qPCR. Within a week of exposure, epithelial MVs stimulated robust mineralization of HGF cultures that was further enhanced by four weeks. The MVs taken up by the HGF's did not calcify themselves but induced intracellular accumulation of minerals. HGF gene expression profiling after short exposure to MVs demonstrated relative dominance of inflammation-related genes that showed increases in gene expression. In later cultures, OSX, BSP and MMPs were significantly upregulated by the MVs. These results suggest for the first time that epithelial cells maybe associated with the ectopic mineralization process often observed in the soft tissues.
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Smirani R, Rémy M, Devillard R, Naveau A. Use of Human Gingival Fibroblasts for Pre-Vascularization Strategies in Oral Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:525-535. [PMID: 35048331 PMCID: PMC9130389 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocultures of human gingival fibrobasts (hGF) and endothelial cells could enhance regeneration and repair models as well as improve vascularization limitations in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to assess if hGF could support formation of stable vessel-like networks. METHODS Explant primary hGF were isolated from gum surgical wastes collected from healthy patients with no history of periodontitis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cocultured in vitro with hGF at a cell ratio of 1:1 and medium of 1:1 of their respective media during at least 31 days. Vessel quantification of HUVEC networks was performed. In order to investigate the pericyte-like properties of hGF, the expression of perivascular markers α-SMA, NG2, CD146 and PDGFR-β was studied using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry on 2D cultures. RESULTS hGF were able to support a long-lasting HUVEC network at least 31 days, even in the absence of a bioreactor with flow. As observed, HUVEC started to communicate with each other from day 7, constructing a network. Their interconnection increased significantly between day 2 and day 21 and lasted beyond the 31 days of observation. Moreover, we tried to explain the stability of the networks obtained and showed that a small population of hGF in close vicinity of HUVEC networks expressed perivascular markers. CONCLUSION These findings highlight a new interesting property concerning hGF, accentuating their relevance in tissue engineering and periodontal regeneration. These promising results need to be confirmed using more 3D applications and in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawen Smirani
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, 33 076, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Murielle Rémy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), U5248, Univ. Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Raphaël Devillard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, 33 076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Adrien Naveau
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, 33 076, Bordeaux, France
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14
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Nowwarote N, Petit S, Ferre FC, Dingli F, Laigle V, Loew D, Osathanon T, Fournier BPJ. Extracellular Matrix Derived From Dental Pulp Stem Cells Promotes Mineralization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:740712. [PMID: 35155398 PMCID: PMC8829122 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.740712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in many physiological processes. ECM macromolecules and associated factors differ according to tissues, impact cell differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Dental pulp ECM may differ from other oral tissues and impact mineralization. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the matrisome of ECM proteins derived from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and its ability to regulate mineralization even in cells which do not respond to assaults by mineralization, the human gingival fibroblasts (GF). Methods: ECM were extracted from DPSCs cultured in normal growth medium supplemented with L-ascorbic acid (N-ECM) or in osteogenic induction medium (OM-ECM). ECM decellularization (dECM) was performed using 0.5% triton X-100 in 20 mM ammonium hydroxide after 21 days. Mass spectrometry and proteomic analysis identified and quantified matrisome proteins. Results: The dECM contained ECM proteins but lacked cellular components and mineralization. Interestingly, collagens (COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3) and elastic fibers (FBN1, FBLN2, FN1, and HSPG2) were significantly represented in N-ECM, while annexins (ANXA1, ANXA4, ANXA5, ANXA6, ANXA7, and ANXA11) were significantly overdetected in OM-ECM. GF were reseeded on N-dECM and OM-dECM and cultured in normal or osteogenic medium. GF were able to attach and proliferate on N-dECM and OM-dECM. Both dECM enhanced mineralization of GF at day 14 compared to tissue culture plate (TCP). In addition, OM-dECM promoted higher mineralization of GF than N-dECM although cultured in growth medium. Conclusions: ECM derived from DPSCs proved to be osteoinductive, and this knowledge supported cell-derived ECM can be further utilized for tissue engineering of mineralized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty Garancière, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Petit
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Francois Come Ferre
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Victor Laigle
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Thanaphum Osathanon, ; Benjamin P. J. Fournier,
| | - Benjamin P. J. Fournier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty Garancière, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Thanaphum Osathanon, ; Benjamin P. J. Fournier,
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15
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Wang X, Zhao S, Lai J, Guan W, Gao Y. Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antifibrotic Effects of Gingival-Derived MSCs on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010099. [PMID: 35008524 PMCID: PMC8745316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) intervention has been associated with lung protection. We attempted to determine whether mouse gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) could protect against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS Mice were divided into three groups: control (Con), bleomycin (Bl), and bleomycin + MSCs (Bl + MSCs). Mice were treated with 5 mg/kg bleomycin via transtracheal instillation to induce pulmonary fibrosis. We assessed the following parameters: histopathological severity of injury in the lung, liver, kidney, and aortic tissues; the degree of pulmonary fibrosis; pulmonary inflammation; pulmonary oedema; profibrotic factor levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue; oxidative stress-related indicators and apoptotic index in lung tissue; and gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1), TGF-β, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), neutrophil elastase (NE), MPO, and IL-10 in lung tissue. RESULTS GMSC intervention attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary oedema, and apoptosis. Bleomycin instillation notably increased expression levels of the IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, LPA, LPA1, TGF-β, MMP-9, NE, and MPO genes and attenuated expression levels of the IL-10 gene in lung tissue, and these effects were reversed by GMSC intervention. Bleomycin instillation notably upregulated MDA and MPO levels and downregulated GSH and SOD levels in lung tissue, and these effects were reversed by GMSC intervention. GMSC intervention prevented upregulation of neutrophil content in the lung, liver, and kidney tissues and the apoptotic index in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS GMSC intervention exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities. Deleterious accumulation of neutrophils, which is reduced by GMSC intervention, is a key component of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. GMSC intervention impairs bleomycin-induced NE, MMP-9, LPA, APL1, and TGF-β release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Wang
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.Z.); (J.L.)
- College of P.E and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiyu Zhao
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Junhui Lai
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Weijun Guan
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (S.Z.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Physical Educational Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (Y.G.)
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16
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Jeyaraman N, Prajwal GS, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Khanna M. Chondrogenic Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. OSTEOLOGY 2021; 1:149-174. [DOI: 10.3390/osteology1030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering has revolutionized the world in organ and tissue regeneration. With the robust research among regenerative medicine experts and researchers, the plausibility of regenerating cartilage has come into the limelight. For cartilage tissue engineering, orthopedic surgeons and orthobiologists use the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of various origins along with the cytokines, growth factors, and scaffolds. The least utilized MSCs are of dental origin, which are the richest sources of stromal and progenitor cells. There is a paradigm shift towards the utilization of dental source MSCs in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. Dental-derived MSCs possess similar phenotypes and genotypes like other sources of MSCs along with specific markers such as dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP) -1, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and STRO-1. Concerning chondrogenicity, there is literature with marginal use of dental-derived MSCs. Various studies provide evidence for in-vitro and in-vivo chondrogenesis by dental-derived MSCs. With such evidence, clinical trials must be taken up to support or refute the evidence for regenerating cartilage tissues by dental-derived MSCs. This article highlights the significance of dental-derived MSCs for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Wang X, Song H, Zhao S, Guan W, Gao Y. Gingival-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect Against Sepsis and Its Complications. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3341-3355. [PMID: 34456576 PMCID: PMC8390887 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s318304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In the present study, we separated and characterized mouse gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) and investigated whether GMSCs can improve lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and its complications. Methods Ninety-six ICR mice were randomly divided into the following groups: the control (Sham), LPS, and LPS + MSC groups. Mice received 5 mg/kg LPS intraperitoneally to induce sepsis. Histopathological micrographs illustrated organ injury. We detected systemic inflammation, blood glucose levels, and serum levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and lactate. In addition, pulmonary inflammation, lung permeability, and oxidative stress-related indicators in lung tissue were measured. Results We successfully separated a novel population of MSCs from mouse gingiva. These cells had MSC-associated properties, such as a typical fibroblast-like morphology, multiple differentiation potential, and certain phenotypes. Cell-based therapy using GMSCs significantly improved the survival rate, systemic inflammation, hypoglycemia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and aortic injury during sepsis. GMSCs administration reduced pulmonary inflammation, lung permeability, and oxidative stress injury. GMSCs administration reduced neutrophil infiltration partly because GMSCs inhibited neutrophil chemoattractants tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL-1), and Interleukin (IL-8). GMSCs impaired LPS-induced HMGB1 and lactate release during sepsis. Conclusion GMSCs administration is a novel therapeutic strategy targeting aerobic glycolysis for the treatment of sepsis because GMSCs impair LPS-induced HMGB1 and lactate release. GMSCs alleviate lung injury partly because GMSCs exert immune effects, inhibit neutrophilic inflammation, and reduce oxidative stress injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Wang
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of P.E and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanan Song
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Zhao
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Physical Educational and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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Šimoliūnas E, Ivanauskienė I, Bagdzevičiūtė L, Rinkūnaitė I, Alksnė M, Baltriukienė D. Surface stiffness depended gingival mesenchymal stem cell sensitivity to oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:62-73. [PMID: 33862162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in the fields of cell therapy and tissue engineering, due to their wide spectrum of differentiation potential, immunomodulation function and ongoing oxidative stress (OS) reduction. Nevertheless, OS impact is often overlooked in these research fields. It is not only responsible for the induction and development of many ailments, e.g., diabetes, lung fibrosis, and cancer, moreover, OS causes stem cell death and senescence during cell therapy and tissue engineering practices. As MSCs are used to treat various tissues, they interact with different tissue-specific mechanical environments, thus it is important to understand how the mechanical environment impacts MSC sensitivity to OS. In this work, for the first time, as known to the authors, it was shown that gingival MSCs (GMSCs) sensitivity to OS depends on the stiffness of the surface, on which the cells are grown. Furthermore, the activity and expression of mitogen activated protein kinases ERK, JNK, and p38 were surface stiffness dependent. GMSCs isolated from intermediate/stiff gingiva tissue (~20 kPa) have shown the best proliferative and survival properties, then grown on the stiffest tissues mimicking polyacrylamide hydrogels (40 kPa). Therefore, MSC source might determine their sensitivity to OS in different stiffness environments and should be accounted when developing a treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidijus Šimoliūnas
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Indrė Ivanauskienė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lina Bagdzevičiūtė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Rinkūnaitė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Alksnė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Baltriukienė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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19
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Kim D, Lee AE, Xu Q, Zhang Q, Le AD. Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Application in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - A Comprehensive Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667221. [PMID: 33936109 PMCID: PMC8085523 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been isolated and characterized from human gingival tissues (GMSCs). Similar to MSCs derived from other sources of tissues, e.g. bone marrow, adipose or umbilical cord, GMSCs also possess multipotent differentiation capacities and potent immunomodulatory effects on both innate and adaptive immune cells through the secretion of various types of bioactive factors with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions. Uniquely, GMSCs are highly proliferative and have the propensity to differentiate into neural cell lineages due to the neural crest-origin. These properties have endowed GMSCs with potent regenerative and therapeutic potentials in various preclinical models of human disorders, particularly, some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, oral and maxillofacial disorders, and peripheral nerve injuries. All types of cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, that play critical roles in cell-cell communication through their cargos containing a variety of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Like EVs released by other sources of MSCs, GMSC-derived EVs have been shown to possess similar biological functions and therapeutic effects on several preclinical diseases models as GMSCs, thus representing a promising cell-free platform for regenerative therapy. Taken together, due to the easily accessibility and less morbidity of harvesting gingival tissues as well as the potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions, GMSCs represent a unique source of MSCs of a neural crest-origin for potential application in tissue engineering and regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alisa E Lee
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Qilin Xu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Qunzhou Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Anh D Le
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center of Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Khodabandeh Z, Haghighat S, Tanideh N, Zare S, Farrokhi F, Karandish M, Iraji A. Comparing the effects of Elaegnus Angustifolia, Hypericum Perforatum and Psidium Guajava extracts on metabolic activity of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:143-155. [PMID: 33843009 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp derived-mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) is considered a suitable are candidate for tissue engineering techniques and osseous reconstruction. Based on the hypothesis that Hypericum perforatum, Elaeagnus Angustifolia and Psidium guajava extracts can be used in cell-based bone tissue engineering due to meagre cytotoxicity response in the cell culture medium, their effects on the viability and metabolic activity of DP-MSCs were investigated and compared with each extract. DP-MSCs were extracted from human dental pulp, characterized by flow cytometry, and differentiated into Osteogenic and adipogenic lineages which were then cultured in different concentrations of E. Angustifolia, H. perforatum and P. guajava extracts at different time intervals followed by MTT assay evaluation. The dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated for their plastic adherence ability, fibroblast-like and spindle morphology. According to flow cytometry data, isolated cells from DP-MSCs expressed MSCs markers. A comparison of herbal extracts' concentrations revealed that 500 μg/ml was toxic to dental pulp stem cells, a guide to the toxic dose for DP-MSCs. The P.guajava bore low toxicity and increased dental pulp stem cell viability in comparison to the other two herbal extracts. The hydro-alcoholic extracts of E. Angustifolia, H. perforatum, and P. guajava were efficient in DP-MSCs viability, and therefore were concluded to be useful in maintaining structural and functional cell viability. It was also concluded that the co-culture of stem cells with herbal elements could stimulate endogenous factors to enhance the proliferation and viability of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khodabandeh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Haghighat
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmacology Department, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Farrokhi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Karandish
- Orthodontic Department, Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrdasht St, Shiraz, Iran
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21
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Diar-Bakirly S, El-Bialy T. Human gingival fibroblasts: Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of CD146 expression. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2518-2526. [PMID: 33911963 PMCID: PMC8071911 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) that exhibit adult stem cell-like characteristics are known as gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Specific mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers have not been identified to distinguish GMSCs from GFs. Recently, the cell surface molecule known as cluster of differentiation (CD) 146 has been identified as a potential MSC surface marker. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation potential of GMSCs based on CD146 expression. GFs were isolated by two techniques: tissue explants or enzymatic digestion. GFs were cultured and expanded then magnetically sorted according to CD146 expression. CD146low and CD146high cells were collected, expanded, and then tested for stem cell markers by flow cytometry as well as osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. The differentiation of these cells was analyzed after 21 days using histology, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) to DNA ratio (GAG/DNA) assays. Positive histological staining indicated osteogenic differentiation of all groups regardless of the isolation techniques utilized. However, none of the groups demonstrated chondrogenic differentiation, confirmed by the lack of collagen type II in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of GF aggregates. Our data suggest that identification of gingival stem cells based solely on CD146 is not sufficient to properly carry out translational research using gingival fibroblasts for novel therapeutic methods of treating oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Diar-Bakirly
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry - University of Alberta, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 7-020D Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Canada
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22
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Shafiee A, Cavalcanti AS, Saidy NT, Schneidereit D, Friedrich O, Ravichandran A, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Hutmacher DW. Convergence of 3D printed biomimetic wound dressings and adult stem cell therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120558. [PMID: 33307369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetically designed medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) dressings are 3D-printed with pore architecture and anisotropic mechanical characteristics that favor skin wound healing with reduced scarring. Melt electrowritten mPCL dressings are seeded with human gingival tissue multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and cryopreserved using a clinically approved method. The regenerative potential of fresh or frozen cell-seeded mPCL dressing is compared in a splinted full-thickness excisional wound in a rat model over six weeks. The application of 3D-printed mPCL dressings decreased wound contracture and significantly improved skin regeneration through granulation and re-epithelialization compared to control groups. Combining 3D-printed biomimetic wound dressings and precursor cell delivery enhances physiological wound closure with reduced scar tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shafiee
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia; Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.
| | - Amanda S Cavalcanti
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Navid T Saidy
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dominik Schneidereit
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Paul-Gordan-Str.3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Paul-Gordan-Str.3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Elena M De-Juan-Pardo
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
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23
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Taskan MM, Balci Yuce H, Karatas O, Gevrek F, Isiker Kara G, Celt M, Sirma Taskan E. Hyaluronic acid with antioxidants improve wound healing in rats. Biotech Histochem 2020; 96:536-545. [PMID: 33047988 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1832255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found in connective tissue and participates in wound healing. We investigated the efficacy of a HA gel (2% hyaluronic acid; 1% antioxidants, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E; and 5% benzocaine) on healing of palatal wounds in rats. We established two groups of rats: a control group treated with vehicle and an HA group treated with HA gel. The control group was divided into five subgroups and the HA group was divided into four subgroups according to the day on which animals were sacrificed. Wounds were created by elevating 5 mm diameter full thickness flaps. Healed and unhealed wound areas were measured using photographs. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and collagen I and III expressions were determined using immunohistochemistry. The number of fibroblasts increased and inflammatory cells decreased from day 0 to 21 in both groups. The HA group exhibited more fibroblasts by day 7 compared to controls; (TGF)-β and IGF levels were similar between HA and control groups. HA groups exhibited fewer inflammatory cells than controls on days 3 and 7. We found significant differences in TGF-β and IGF levels among HA groups between days 3 and 21, and among control groups between days 0 and 21. Collagen I and III levels were greater for the day 3 HA group compared to controls. We observed improved wound healing in HA treated rats within 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Murat Taskan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hatice Balci Yuce
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Karatas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Gozde Isiker Kara
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Melike Celt
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Park JH, Lee H, Kim JW, Kim JH. Cytocompatibility of 3D printed dental materials for temporary restorations on fibroblasts. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:157. [PMID: 32487153 PMCID: PMC7268758 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely used in the fabrication of dental prostheses; however, the influence of dental materials used for 3D printing on temporary restoration of fibroblasts in tissues is unclear. Thus, the influence of different dental materials on fibroblasts were investigated. Methods Digital light processing (DLP) type 3D printing was used. Specimens in the control group were fabricated by mixing liquid and powder self-curing resin restoration materials. The temporary resin materials used were Model, Castable, Clear-SG, Tray, and Temporary, and the self-curing resin materials used were Lang dental, Alike, Milky blue, TOKVSO CUREFAST, and UniFast III. Fibroblast cells were cultured on each specimen and subsequently post-treated for analysis. Morphology of the adhered cells were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM cell imaging revealed that the 3D printed material group presented better cell adhesion with well-distributed filopodia compared to that in the conventional resin material group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 3D printing materials. Conclusion Superior cytocompatibility of the specimens fabricated through 3D printing and polishing process was demonstrated with the proof of better cell adhesion and higher cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Hana Sciences Hall B #374, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841
| | - Hyun Lee
- Institute of Health Science Research, Hana Sciences Hall B #473, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hana Sciences Hall B #473, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841
| | - Ji-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Hana Sciences Hall B #374, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841.
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Abdal-Wahab M, Abdel Ghaffar KA, Ezzatt OM, Hassan AAA, El Ansary MMS, Gamal AY. Regenerative potential of cultured gingival fibroblasts in treatment of periodontal intrabony defects (randomized clinical and biochemical trial). J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:441-452. [PMID: 32080858 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defective cellular elements constitute an important challenge to achieve predictable periodontal regeneration. In an attempt to improve the cellularity of periodontal defects, gingival fibroblasts were implanted without their associated extracellular elements in periodontal defects to expose them to periodontal tissue mediators. In order to investigate the regenerative potential of gingival fibroblasts translocated into periodontal defects, the present study was designed to clinically and biochemically investigate the use of gingival fibroblasts (GF) and their associated mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. METHODS A total of 20 subjects were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20). Group I: ten patients were included with ten intrabony periodontal defects that received β-calcium triphosphate (β-TCP) followed by collagen membrane defect coverage, while group II: (10 patients) ten periodontal defects received cultured gingival fibroblasts (GF) on the β-TCP scaffold and covered by a collagen membrane. The clinical evaluation was carried out at the beginning and at 6 months. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected directly from the test sites for the quantitative measurement of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 using the ELISA kit at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. RESULTS Group II reported a significantly greater reduction in vertical pocket depth (VPD) and CAL gain compared with group I after 6 months. Radiographic bone gain was statistically higher in group II compared with group I. A significantly higher concentration of PDGF-BB was observed in group II on days 1, 3, and 7 compared with group I. CONCLUSIONS Translocation of gingival fibroblasts from gingival tissue to periodontal defects could be a promising option that increases cellular elements with regeneration potential. The concept of total isolation of gingival fibroblasts using occlusive membranes must be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahetab Abdal-Wahab
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ola M Ezzatt
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Y Gamal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nahda University, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Karatas O, Balci Yuce H, Tulu F, Taskan MM, Gevrek F, Toker H. Evaluation of apoptosis and hypoxia-related factors in gingival tissues of smoker and non-smoker periodontitis patients. J Periodontal Res 2019; 55:392-399. [PMID: 31854460 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking causes pathological changes in all tissues, including gingiva and alveolar bone. The aim of present study was to evaluate apoptotic tissue alterations and tissue destruction in smoker and non-smoker periodontitis patients and healthy individuals. METHODS Gingival biopsy samples from 15 systemically and orally healthy individuals (Group 1), 15 systemically healthy periodontitis patients (Group 2), 15 systemically and orally healthy smokers (Group 3), and 15 systemically healthy smoker periodontitis patients (Group 4) were enrolled in the present study. Clinical periodontal measurements as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment levels (CAL) were recorded, and gingival biopsies were obtained. Biopsy samples were fixed in formalin solution and embedded in paraffin. Fibroblast and inflammatory cell counts were determined via histomorphometrically. Hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1), matrix metalloproteinases-8(MMP-8) expressions, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 expressions were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Demographic data of the study groups were similar. Smoking levels of the smokers were also similar. The highest fibroblast cell counts were observed in healthy controls and the counts were similar in other groups. The highest inflammatory cell counts were found in smoker periodontitis group, and the lowest counts were found in healthy control groups. The differences were statistically significant. HIF-1α and Bax expressions were elevated and Bcl-2 decreased in smoker periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals. However, there were no differences in VEGF, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 expressions. CONCLUSION Within limits of present study, it can be suggested that both smoking and periodontitis caused similar decrease in fibroblast counts while causing a dramatic increase in inflammatory cell counts. Increased apoptosis and hypoxia also accompanied to the increased inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Karatas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hatice Balci Yuce
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Feyza Tulu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Taskan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hulya Toker
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Benz K, Schöbel A, Dietz M, Maurer P, Jackowski J. Adhesion Behaviour of Primary Human Osteoblasts and Fibroblasts on Polyether Ether Ketone Compared with Titanium under In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide Incubation. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172739. [PMID: 31461861 PMCID: PMC6747843 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro pilot study was to analyse the adhesion behaviour of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) when compared with titanium surfaces in an inflammatory environment under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) incubation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of primary human osteoblasts/fibroblasts on titanium/PEEK samples were created. The gene expression of the LPS-binding protein (LBP) and the LPS receptor (toll-like receptor 4; TLR4) was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunocytochemistry was used to obtain evidence for the distribution of LBP/TLR4 at the protein level of the extra-cellular-matrix-binding protein vinculin and the actin cytoskeleton. SEM images revealed that the osteoblasts and fibroblasts on the PEEK surfaces had adhesion characteristics comparable to those of titanium. The osteoblasts contracted under LPS incubation and a significantly increased LBP gene expression were detected. This was discernible at the protein level on all the materials. Whereas no increase of TLR4 was detected with regard to mRNA concentrations, a considerable increase in the antibody reaction was detected on all the materials. As is the case with titanium, the colonisation of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on PEEK samples is possible under pro-inflammatory environmental conditions and the cellular inflammation behaviour towards PEEK is lower than that of titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian Benz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schöbel
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Marisa Dietz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital North Dortmund, 44145 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peter Maurer
- Private Practice Clinic for Oral Surgery, 66606 St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Jochen Jackowski
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
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Li N, Li X, Chen K, Dong H, Kagami H. Characterization of spontaneous spheroids from oral mucosa-derived cells and their direct comparison with spheroids from skin-derived cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:184. [PMID: 31234925 PMCID: PMC6591807 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our group has developed a novel method for spontaneous spheroid formation using a specific low-adherence culture plate with around 90° water contact angle. In this study, this method was applied for oral mucosa-derived cells. First, the feasibility of spontaneous spheroid formation was tested. Next, the characteristics of spontaneous spheroids from oral mucosa- and skin-derived cells were compared with special focus on the stemness and neuronal differentiation capability. Methods Oral mucosal cells were obtained from the palate and buccal mucosa of C57BL/6J mice. Similarly, skin cells were obtained from the back of the same mouse strain. Passage 2–3 cells were inoculated into the specific low-adherence culture plates to form spontaneous spheroids. The effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and B27 supplement on spheroid formation and maintenance was assessed. Immunofluorescence and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to investigate the expression of pluripotency markers, cell proliferation and apoptosis markers, and neurogenic differentiation markers. Results Using this culture plate, spontaneous spheroid formation was feasible. This process depended on the presence of serum but was independent of the additives such as bFGF, EGF, and B27 supplement, although they improved the efficiency and were essential for spheroid maintenance. This result was confirmed by the higher expression of Caspase7 in the spheroids cultured without the additives than that with the additives. The spheroids from oral mucosa-derived cells expressed stem cell markers, such as Sox2, SSEA1, Oct4, Nanog, and Nestin. The expression of Sox2 in spheroids from oral mucosal cells was higher than that in spheroids from skin-derived cells. Both spheroid-forming cell types had the ability to differentiate into neural and Schwann cells after neurogenic induction, although significantly higher MAP 2, MBP, Nestin, and Nurr1 gene expression was noted in the cells from oral mucosa-derived spheroids. Conclusions The results showed that spontaneous spheroids from oral mucosa-derived cells contain highly potent stem cells, which were as good as skin-derived stem cells. The high expression of certain neuronal marker genes suggests an advantage of these cells for regeneration therapy for neuronal disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1283-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Xianqi Li
- Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan.,Institute for Oral Science, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Hongwei Dong
- Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kagami
- Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan. .,Institute for Oral Science, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan. .,Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yang M, Guo Z, Li T, Li J, Chen L, Wang J, Wu J, Wu Z. Synergetic effect of chemical and topological signals of gingival regeneration scaffold on the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1875-1885. [PMID: 31034755 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moyang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oral MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhenzhao Guo
- Department of OrthopedicThe First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of ProsthodonticsHospital of Stomatology, Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of ProsthodonticsHospital of Stomatology, Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Liyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Junmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jincheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
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Taskan MM, Balci Yuce H, Karatas O, Gevrek F, Toker H. Evaluation of the effect of oleuropein on alveolar bone loss, inflammation, and apoptosis in experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:624-632. [PMID: 31032945 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
THE OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oleuropein on ligature-induced alveolar bone loss. In this respect, osteoblastic activity, osteoclastic activity, inflammatory markers, and apoptosis were evaluated. BACKGROUND Oleuropein is a flavonoid, which has potent anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups as following: control (C, n = 8) group; periodontitis (P, n = 8) group; periodontitis and low-dose oleuropein group (12 mg/kg/day oleuropein, LDO group, n = 8); and periodontitis and high-dose oleuropein group (24 mg/kg/day oleuropein, HDO group, n = 8). Periodontitis was induced via ligatures. Study period was 14 days, and animals were sacrificed at end of this period. Mandibles were examined via a stereomicroscope and underwent histological procedures. Osteoblast, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast, and inflammatory cell counts were determined in hematoxylin-eosin stained sections. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), bone morphogenetic protein-4, the cluster of differentiation (CD)-68, cysteine-aspartic proteases-3 (Caspase 3), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expressions were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Periodontitis group had highest alveolar bone loss, and these levels significantly decreased in LDO and HDO groups. Both 12 and 24 mg/kg oleuropein groups significantly increased osteoblast cell counts and decreased TRAP-positive osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts. BMP-4 and bcl-2 expressions were elevated in oleuropein groups while caspase-3 expressions decreased. iNOS and CD68 were higher in periodontitis group compared to control group, but there was no significant difference between other groups. CONCLUSION Oleuropein successfully decreased alveolar bone loss as a result of decreased osteoclastic activity, inflammation, and apoptosis and increased osteoblastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Murat Taskan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hatice Balci Yuce
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Karatas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Hülya Toker
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Head to Knee: Cranial Neural Crest-Derived Cells as Promising Candidates for Human Cartilage Repair. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9310318. [PMID: 30766608 PMCID: PMC6350557 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9310318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A large array of therapeutic procedures is available to treat cartilage disorders caused by trauma or inflammatory disease. Most are invasive and may result in treatment failure or development of osteoarthritis due to extensive cartilage damage from repeated surgery. Despite encouraging results of early cell therapy trials that used chondrocytes collected during arthroscopic surgery, these approaches have serious disadvantages, including morbidity associated with cell harvesting and low predictive clinical outcomes. To overcome these limitations, adult stem cells derived from bone marrow and subsequently from other tissues are now considered as preferred sources of cells for cartilage regeneration. Moreover, with new evidence showing that the choice of cell source is one of the most important factors for successful cell therapy, there is growing interest in neural crest-derived cells in both the research and clinical communities. Neural crest-derived cells such as nasal chondrocytes and oral stem cells that exhibit chondrocyte-like properties seem particularly promising in cartilage repair. Here, we review the types of cells currently available for cartilage cell therapy, including articular chondrocytes and various mesenchymal stem cells, and then highlight recent developments in the use of neural crest-derived chondrocytes and oral stem cells for repair of cartilage lesions.
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Gugliandolo A, Diomede F, Scionti D, Bramanti P, Trubiani O, Mazzon E. The Role of Hypoxia on the Neuronal Differentiation of Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Transcriptional Study. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:538-552. [PMID: 30642188 PMCID: PMC7103605 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718814470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in stem cell therapy for regenerative
purposes. Oral-derived MSCs, such as gingival MSCs (GMSCs), deriving from the neural crest
seem more suitable to differentiate toward the neuronal lineage. In addition, the
preconditioning of MSCs may improve their beneficial effects. Since it is known that
hypoxia may influence stem cell properties, we were interested in evaluating the effects
of hypoxia preconditioning on the neuronal differentiation of GMSCs. With this aim, we
evaluated the transcriptional profile of GMSCs exposed to basal and neuroinductive medium
both in normoxia and in cells preconditioned for 48 h in hypoxia. We compared their
transcriptional profile using Next Generation Sequencing. At first we observed that
hypoxia did not alter cell morphology compared with the GMSCs cultured in a normoxic
condition. In order to understand hypoxia preconditioning effects on neuronal
differentiation, we screened genes with Log2 fold change ≥2 using the database Cortecon,
that collects gene expression data set of in vitro corticogenesis. We observed that
hypoxia preconditioning induced the expression of more genes associated with different
stages of cortical development. The common genes, expressed both in normoxia and hypoxia
preconditioning, were involved in developmental and neuronal processes. Interestingly, a
larger number of genes associated with development biology and neuronal process was
expressed in GMSCs differentiated after hypoxia preconditioning compared with those in
normoxia. In addition, hypoxic-preconditioned differentiated GMSCs showed a higher
expression of nestin, PAX6, and GAP43. Our data demonstrated that hypoxia preconditioning
enhanced the differentiation potential of GMSCs and induced the activation of a higher
number of genes associated with neuronal development. In conclusion, hypoxia may be used
to improve MSCs’ properties for stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Diomede
- 2 Department of medical, oral and biotechnological sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Oriana Trubiani
- 2 Department of medical, oral and biotechnological sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Proksch S, Galler KM. Scaffold Materials and Dental Stem Cells in Dental Tissue Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-018-0197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kim BB, Kim M, Park YH, Park JB. Dexamethasone Leads to Upregulation of BMP6 and ACHE Suppression of SMAD3 and ESR1 Genes in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-017-2306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Comparative differentiation analysis of distinct oral tissue-derived cells in response to osteogenic stimulation. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1077-1089. [PMID: 29955966 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed cell populations from oral tissues may be superior to pure stem cells for regenerative approaches. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the osteogenic potential of mixed cells derived from oral connective tissues compared to alveolar osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary cells were isolated from the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and gingiva. Following characterization by colony formation, growth capacity and flow cytometry, all cells were subjected to osteogenic differentiation induction and screened for a large panel of osteogenic markers using western blots, qPCR arrays, and matrix mineralization and alkaline phosphatase quantification. RESULTS Non-induced mixed cells from gingiva showed higher colony formation efficiency but decreased proliferation compared to non-induced periodontal mixed cells, while both entities revealed similar surface markers tested in this setup. Following osteogenic induction, all cell populations individually expressed receptors with distinctively activated downstream effectors. Gene expression of induced periodontal mixed cells was similar to alveolar osteoblasts, but was differently modulated in gingival mixed cells. The latter failed to achieve osteogenic differentiation in terms of matrix mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity, which was well observed in periodontal mixed cells and osteoblasts. CONCLUSION Mixed cells from periodontal ligament but not from gingiva feature an inherent osteogenic capacity in vitro. From these results, it can be concluded that periodontal cells do not require further stem cell enrichment in order to qualify for bone regeneration. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data contribute to the development of novel cell-based therapies using mixed cells from the periodontal ligament in regenerative periodontics.
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Isaac J, Nassif A, Asselin A, Taïhi I, Fohrer-Ting H, Klein C, Gogly B, Berdal A, Robert B, Fournier BP. Involvement of neural crest and paraxial mesoderm in oral mucosal development and healing. Biomaterials 2018; 172:41-53. [PMID: 29715594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering therapies using adult stem cells derived from neural crest have sought accessible tissue sources of these cells because of their potential pluripotency. In this study, the gingiva and oral mucosa and their associated stem cells were investigated. Biopsies of these tissues produce neither scarring nor functional problems and are relatively painless, and fresh tissue can be obtained readily during different chairside dental procedures. However, the embryonic origin of these cells needs to be clarified, as does their evolution from the perinatal period to adulthood. In this study, the embryonic origin of gingival fibroblasts were determined, including gingival stem cells. To do this, transgenic mouse models were used to track neural crest derivatives as well as cells derived from paraxial mesoderm, spanning from embryogenesis to adulthood. These cells were compared with ones derived from abdominal dermis and facial dermis. Our results showed that gingival fibroblasts are derived from neural crest, and that paraxial mesoderm is involved in the vasculogenesis of oral tissues during development. Our in vitro studies revealed that the neuroectodermal origin of gingival fibroblasts (or gingival stem cells) endows them with multipotential properties as well as a specific migratory and contractile phenotype which may participate to the scar-free properties of the oral mucosa. Together, these results illustrate the high regenerative potential of neural crest-derived stem cells of the oral mucosa, including the gingiva, and strongly support their use in cell therapy to regenerate tissues with impaired healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Isaac
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, URA CNRS 2578, 25 Rue Du Docteur Roux, Paris, F-75724, France
| | - Ali Nassif
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; AP-HP, Bretonneau Hospital, Dental Department, Paris 75018, France; Institut Pasteur, URA CNRS 2578, 25 Rue Du Docteur Roux, Paris, F-75724, France
| | - Audrey Asselin
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Ihsène Taïhi
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hospital Complex Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, CIC-BT-504, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Hélène Fohrer-Ting
- Cell Imaging and Flow Cytometry Platform (CICC), Center de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Klein
- Cell Imaging and Flow Cytometry Platform (CICC), Center de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Gogly
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hospital Complex Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, CIC-BT-504, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; Reference Center for Dental Rare Disease, Rothschild Hospital, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Robert
- Institut Pasteur, URA CNRS 2578, 25 Rue Du Docteur Roux, Paris, F-75724, France
| | - Benjamin P Fournier
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Physiopathology, INSERM UMRS 1138, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France; Paris-Descartes and Paris-Diderot Universities, UFR Odontology, 75006 Paris, France; Reference Center for Dental Rare Disease, Rothschild Hospital, 75012 Paris, France.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Healthy and Diseased Human Gingiva Support Osteogenesis on Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffolds. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:bioengineering5010008. [PMID: 29360752 PMCID: PMC5874874 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting almost half of the adult US population. Gingiva is an integral part of the periodontium and has recently been identified as a source of adult gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Given the prevalence of periodontitis, the purpose of this study is to evaluate differences between GMSCs derived from healthy and diseased gingival tissues and explore their potential in bone engineering. Primary clonal cell lines were established from harvested healthy and diseased gingival and characterized for expression of known stem-cell markers and multi-lineage differentiation potential. Finally, they were cultured on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and evaluated for attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Flow cytometry demonstrated cells isolated from healthy and diseased gingiva met the criteria defining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, GMSCs from diseased tissue showed decreased colony-forming unit efficiency, decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, weaker osteoblast mineralization, and greater propensity to differentiate into adipocytes than their healthy counterparts. When cultured on electrospun PCL scaffolds, GMSCs from both sources showed robust attachment and proliferation over a 7-day period; they exhibited high mineralization as well as strong expression of alkaline phosphatase. Our results show preservation of ‘stemness’ and osteogenic potential of GMSC even in the presence of disease, opening up the possibility of using routinely discarded, diseased gingival tissue as an alternate source of adult MSCs.
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Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR Normalization in Human Stem Cell Research. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1119:151-168. [PMID: 30267307 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a widely utilized method for evaluating the gene expressions in stem cell research. This method enables researchers to obtain fast and precise results, but the accuracy of the data depends on certain factors, such as those associated with biological sample preparation and PCR efficiency. In order to achieve accurate and reliable results, it is of utmost importance to designate the reference genes, the expressions of which are suitable to all kinds of experimental conditions. Hence it is vital to normalize the qRT-PCR data by using the reference genes. In recent years, it has been found that the expression levels of reference genes widely used in stem cell research present a substantial amount of variation and are not necessarily suitable for normalization. This chapter at hand stresses the significance of selecting suitable reference genes from the point view of human stem cell research.
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Lee H, Uddin MS, Lee SW, Choi S, Park JB. Effects of Bambusa tulda on the proliferation of human stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5696-5702. [PMID: 29285111 PMCID: PMC5740747 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the effects of Bambusa tulda on stem cells have not been thoroughly assessed. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Bambusa tulda extract on the morphology and proliferative potential of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from the gingiva. The stem cells were cultured in a growth medium in the presence of Bambusa tulda methanolic extract (BBT) at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1%. Evaluation of cell morphology and cellular proliferation as well as immunofluorescent assays for collagen I were performed on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Stem cells in the control group displayed a fibroblast-like morphology, and BBT treatment did not produce any noticeable morphological changes. However, application of 1% BBT produced a significant increase in cell proliferation. BBT, particularly at the concentration of 1%, also caused a noticeable increase of collagen I expression at day 1 and day 3. Based on these findings, it was concluded that BBT exerted beneficial effects on the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and enhanced collagen I expression at early time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Lee
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Salah Uddin
- Ethnobotanical Database of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1208, People's Republic of Bangladesh
| | - Sang Woo Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Choi
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Um Min Allah N, Berahim Z, Ahmad A, Kannan TP. Biological Interaction Between Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Vascular Endothelial Cells for Angiogenesis: A Co-culture Perspective. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:495-505. [PMID: 30603504 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in cell culture protocols, multidisciplinary research approach, and the need of clinical implication to reconstruct damaged or diseased tissues has led to the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) test systems for regeneration and repair. Regenerative therapies, including dental tissue engineering, have been pursued as a new prospect to repair and rebuild the diseased/lost oral tissues. Interactions between the different cell types, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components involved in angiogenesis are vital in the mechanisms of new vessel formation for tissue regeneration. In vitro pre-vascularization is one of the leading scopes in the tissue-engineering field. Vascularization strategies that are associated with co-culture systems have proved that there is communication between different cell types with mutual beneficial effects in vascularization and tissue regeneration in two-dimensional or 3D cultures. Endothelial cells with different cell populations, including osteoblasts, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts in a co-culture have shown their ability to advocate pre-vascularization. In this review, a co-culture perspective of human gingival fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells is discussed with the main focus on vascularization and future perspective of this model in regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasar Um Min Allah
- 1School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Zurairah Berahim
- 1School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad
- 1School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- 1School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
- 2Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
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Mah W, Jiang G, Olver D, Gallant-Behm C, Wiebe C, Hart DA, Koivisto L, Larjava H, Häkkinen L. Elevated CD26 Expression by Skin Fibroblasts Distinguishes a Profibrotic Phenotype Involved in Scar Formation Compared to Gingival Fibroblasts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28641076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Compared to skin, wound healing in oral mucosa is faster and produces less scarring, but the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. Studies in mice have linked high expression of CD26 to a profibrotic fibroblast phenotype, but this has not been tested in models more relevant for humans. We hypothesized that CD26 is highly expressed by human skin fibroblasts (SFBLs), and this associates with a profibrotic phenotype distinct from gingival fibroblasts (GFBLs). We compared CD26 expression in human gingiva and skin and in gingival and hypertrophic-like scar-forming skin wound healing in a pig model, and used three-dimensional cultures of human GFBLs and SFBLs. In both humans and pigs, nonwounded skin contained abundantly CD26-positive fibroblasts, whereas in gingiva they were rare. During skin wound healing, CD26-positive cells accumulated over time and persisted in forming hypertrophic-like scars, whereas few CD26-positive cells were present in the regenerated gingival wounds. Cultured human SFBLs displayed significantly higher levels of CD26 than GFBLs. This was associated with an increased expression of profibrotic genes and transforming growth factor-β signaling in SFBLs. The profibrotic phenotype of SFBLs partially depended on expression of CD26, but was independent of its catalytic activity. Thus, a CD26-positive fibroblast population that is abundant in human skin but not in gingiva may drive the profibrotic response leading to excessive scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Mah
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Guoqiao Jiang
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dylan Olver
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Colin Wiebe
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David A Hart
- Department of Surgery, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leeni Koivisto
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lari Häkkinen
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Noda S, Sumita Y, Ohba S, Yamamoto H, Asahina I. Soft tissue engineering with micronized-gingival connective tissues. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:249-258. [PMID: 28233312 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The free gingival graft (FGG) and connective tissue graft (CTG) are currently considered to be the gold standards for keratinized gingival tissue reconstruction and augmentation. However, these procedures have some disadvantages in harvesting large grafts, such as donor-site morbidity as well as insufficient gingival width and thickness at the recipient site post-treatment. To solve these problems, we focused on an alternative strategy using micronized tissue transplantation (micro-graft). In this study, we first investigated whether transplantation of micronized gingival connective tissues (MGCTs) promotes skin wound healing. MGCTs (≤100 µm) were obtained by mincing a small piece (8 mm3 ) of porcine keratinized gingiva using the RIGENERA system. The MGCTs were then transplanted to a full skin defect (5 mm in diameter) on the dorsal surface of immunodeficient mice after seeding to an atelocollagen matrix. Transplantations of atelocollagen matrixes with and without micronized dermis were employed as experimental controls. The results indicated that MGCTs markedly promote the vascularization and epithelialization of the defect area 14 days after transplantation compared to the experimental controls. After 21 days, complete wound closure with low contraction was obtained only in the MGCT grafts. Tracking analysis of transplanted MGCTs revealed that some mesenchymal cells derived from MGCTs can survive during healing and may function to assist in wound healing. We propose here that micro-grafting with MGCTs represents an alternative strategy for keratinized tissue reconstruction that is characterized by low morbidity and ready availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawako Noda
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sumita
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seigo Ohba
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Izumi Asahina
- Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Murugan Girija D, Y Ranga Rao S, Kalachaveedu M, Subbarayan R. Osteogenic differentiation of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells byAristolochia bracteolatasupplementation through enhanced Runx2 expression. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1591-1595. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Murugan Girija
- Centre for Indian Systems of Medicine Quality Assurance and Standardization Sri Ramachandra University; Chennai India
| | | | | | - Rajasekaran Subbarayan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research; Sri Ramachandra University; Chennai India
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Zorin VL, Pulin AA, Eremin II, Korsakov IN, Zorina AI, Khromova NV, Sokova OI, Kotenko KV, Kopnin PB. Myogenic potential of human alveolar mucosa derived cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:545-555. [PMID: 28118065 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1284714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Difficulties related to the obtainment of stem/progenitor cells from skeletal muscle tissue make the search for new sources of myogenic cells highly relevant. Alveolar mucosa might be considered as a perspective candidate due to availability and high proliferative capacity of its cells. Human alveolar mucosa cells (AMC) were obtained from gingival biopsy samples collected from 10 healthy donors and cultured up to 10 passages. AMC matched the generally accepted multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells criteria and possess population doubling time, caryotype and immunophenotype stability during long-term cultivation. The single myogenic induction of primary cell cultures resulted in differentiation of AMC into multinucleated myotubes. The myogenic differentiation was associated with expression of skeletal muscle markers: skeletal myosin, skeletal actin, myogenin and MyoD1. Efficiency of myogenic differentiation in AMC cultures was similar to that in skeletal muscle cells. Furthermore, some of differentiated myotubes exhibited contractions in vitro. Our data confirms the sufficiently high myogenic potential and proliferative capacity of AMC and their ability to maintain in vitro proliferation-competent myogenic precursor cells regardless of the passage number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim L Zorin
- a FSBI "Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Health Center" , Moscow , Russia.,b Department of Regenerative Medicine at the Human Stem Cells Institute , Moscow , Russia
| | - Andrey A Pulin
- a FSBI "Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Health Center" , Moscow , Russia
| | - Ilya I Eremin
- a FSBI "Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Health Center" , Moscow , Russia
| | - Ivan N Korsakov
- a FSBI "Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Health Center" , Moscow , Russia
| | - Alla I Zorina
- b Department of Regenerative Medicine at the Human Stem Cells Institute , Moscow , Russia
| | | | - Olga I Sokova
- c Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia
| | - Konstantin V Kotenko
- d FSBI "Central State Medical Academy" of Business Administration for the President of the Russian Federation , Moscow , Russia
| | - Pavel B Kopnin
- c Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia
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Soundara Rajan T, Giacoppo S, Scionti D, Diomede F, Grassi G, Pollastro F, Piattelli A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E, Trubiani O. Cannabidiol Activates Neuronal Precursor Genes in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:1531-1546. [PMID: 27918106 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from oral tissues have received considerable interest in regenerative medicine since they can be obtained with minimal invasive procedure and exhibit immunomodulatory properties. This study was aimed to investigate whether in vitro pre-treatment of MSCs obtained from human gingiva (hGMSCs) with Cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabinoid component produced by the plant Cannabis sativa, may promote human gingiva derived MSCs to differentiate toward neuronal precursor cells. Specifically, we have treated the hGMSCs with CBD (5 µM) for 24 h in order to evaluate the expression of genes involved in cannabidiol signaling, cell proliferation, self-renewal and multipotency, and neural progenitor cells differentiation. Next generation sequencing (NGS) demonstrated that CBD activates genes associated with G protein coupled receptor signaling in hGMSCs. Genes involved in DNA replication, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis were regulated. Moreover, genes associated with the biological process of neuronal progenitor cells (NCPs) proliferation, neuron differentiation, neurogenesis, and nervous system development were significantly modulated. From our results, we hypothesize that human gingiva-derived MSCs conditioned with CBD could represent a valid method for improving the hGMSCs phenotype and thus might be a potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1531-1546, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Diomede
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Grassi
- Council for Research and Experimentation in Agriculture-Research Centre for Industrial Crops (CRA-CIN), Rovigo, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina 98124, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
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Low doses of X-rays induce prolonged and ATM-independent persistence of γH2AX foci in human gingival mesenchymal stem cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27275-87. [PMID: 26314960 PMCID: PMC4694989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic imaging delivering low doses of radiation often accompany human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapies. However, effects of low dose radiation on MSCs are poorly characterized. Here we examine patterns of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) and phospho-S1981 ATM (pATM) foci formation in human gingiva-derived MSCs exposed to X-rays in time-course and dose-response experiments. Both γH2AX and pATM foci accumulated linearly with dose early after irradiation (5–60 min), with a maximum induction observed at 30–60 min (37 ± 3 and 32 ± 3 foci/cell/Gy for γH2AX and pATM, respectively). The number of γH2AX foci produced by intermediate doses (160 and 250 mGy) significantly decreased (40–60%) between 60 and 240 min post-irradiation, indicating rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. In contrast, γH2AX foci produced by low doses (20–80 mGy) did not change after 60 min. The number of pATM foci between 60 and 240 min decreased down to control values in a dose-independent manner. Similar kinetics was observed for pATM foci co-localized with γH2AX foci. Collectively, our results suggest differential DNA double-strand break signaling and processing in response to low vs. intermediate doses of X-rays in human MSCs. Furthermore, mechanisms governing the prolonged persistence of γH2AX foci in these cells appear to be ATM-independent.
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Effects of High-Temperature-Pressure Polymerized Resin-Infiltrated Ceramic Networks on Oral Stem Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155450. [PMID: 27196425 PMCID: PMC4873200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The development of CAD-CAM techniques called for new materials suited to this technique and offering a safe and sustainable clinical implementation. The infiltration of resin in a ceramic network under high pressure and high temperature defines a new class of hybrid materials, namely polymer infiltrated ceramics network (PICN), for this purpose which requires to be evaluated biologically. We used oral stem cells (gingival and pulpal) as an in vitro experimental model. METHODS Four biomaterials were grinded, immersed in a culture medium and deposed on stem cells from dental pulp (DPSC) and gingiva (GSC): Enamic (VITA®), Experimental Hybrid Material (EHM), EHM with initiator (EHMi) and polymerized Z100™ composite material (3M®). After 7 days of incubation; viability, apoptosis, proliferation, cytoskeleton, inflammatory response and morphology were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Proliferation was insignificantly delayed by all the tested materials. Significant cytotoxicity was observed in presence of resin based composites (MTT assay), however no detectable apoptosis and some dead cells were detected like in PICN materials. Cell morphology, major cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components were not altered. An intimate contact appeared between the materials and cells. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The three new tested biomaterials did not exhibit adverse effects on oral stem cells in our experimental conditions and may be an interesting alternative to ceramics or composite based CAD-CAM blocks.
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Heng BC, Lim LW, Wu W, Zhang C. An Overview of Protocols for the Neural Induction of Dental and Oral Stem Cells In Vitro. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 22:220-50. [PMID: 26757369 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, various adult stem cells have been identified within the oral cavity, including dental pulp stem cells, dental follicle stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells from the gingiva. All of these possess neurogenic potential due to their common developmental origin from the embryonic neural crest. Besides the relative ease of isolation of these adult stem cells from readily available biological waste routinely produced during dental treatment, these cells also possess the advantage of immune compatibility in autologous transplantation. In recent years, much interest has been focused on the derivation of neural lineages from these adult stem cells for therapeutic applications in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, there are also promising nontherapeutic applications of stem cell-derived neurons in pharmacological and toxicological screening of neuroactive drugs, and for in vitro modeling of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, this review will critically examine the diverse array of in vitro neural induction protocols that have been devised for dental and oral-derived stem cells. These protocols are defined not only by the culture milieu comprising the basal medium plus growth factors, small molecules, and other culture supplements but also by the substrata/surface coatings utilized, the presence of multiple culture stages, the total culture duration, the initial seeding density, and whether the spheroid/neurosphere formation is being utilized to recapitulate the three-dimensional neural differentiation microenvironment that is naturally present physiologically in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Heng
- 1 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- 2 School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wutian Wu
- 2 School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- 1 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Validation of Housekeeping Genes to Study Human Gingival Stem Cells and Their In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation Using Real-Time RT-qPCR. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:6261490. [PMID: 26880978 PMCID: PMC4736224 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6261490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival stem cells (GSCs) are recently isolated multipotent cells. Their osteogenic capacity has been validated in vitro and may be transferred to human cell therapy for maxillary large bone defects, as they share a neural crest cell origin with jaw bone cells. RT-qPCR is a widely used technique to study gene expression and may help us to follow osteoblast differentiation of GSCs. For accurate results, the choice of reliable housekeeping genes (HKGs) is crucial. The aim of this study was to select the most reliable HKGs for GSCs study and their osteogenic differentiation (dGSCs). The analysis was performed with ten selected HKGs using four algorithms: ΔCt comparative method, GeNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder. This study demonstrated that three HKGs, SDHA, ACTB, and B2M, were the most stable to study GSC, whereas TBP, SDHA, and ALAS1 were the most reliable to study dGSCs. The comparison to stem cells of mesenchymal origin (ASCs) showed that SDHA/HPRT1 were the most appropriate for ASCs study. The choice of suitable HKGs for GSCs is important as it gave access to an accurate analysis of osteogenic differentiation. It will allow further study of this interesting stem cells source for future human therapy.
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50
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Abe S, Yamaguchi S, Sato Y, Harada K. Sphere-Derived Multipotent Progenitor Cells Obtained From Human Oral Mucosa Are Enriched in Neural Crest Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 5:117-28. [PMID: 26582909 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Although isolation of oral mucosal stromal stem cells has been previously reported, complex isolation methods are not suitable for clinical application. The neurosphere culture technique is a convenient method for the isolation of neural stem cells and neural crest stem cells (NCSCs); neurosphere generation is a phenotype of NCSCs. However, the molecular details underlying the isolation and characterization of human oral mucosa stromal cells (OMSCs) by neurosphere culture are not understood. The purpose of the present study was to isolate NCSCs from oral mucosa using the neurosphere technique and to establish effective in vivo bone tissue regeneration methods. Human OMSCs were isolated from excised human oral mucosa; these cells formed spheres in neurosphere culture conditions. Oral mucosa sphere-forming cells (OMSFCs) were characterized by biological analyses of stem cells. Additionally, composites of OMSFCs and multiporous polylactic acid scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice. OMSFCs had the capacity for self-renewal and expressed neural crest-related markers (e.g., nestin, CD44, slug, snail, and MSX1). Furthermore, upregulated expression of neural crest-related genes (EDNRA, Hes1, and Sox9) was observed in OMSFCs, which are thought to contain an enriched population of neural crest-derived cells. The expression pattern of α2-integrin (CD49b) in OMSFCs also differed from that in OMSCs. Finally, OMSFCs were capable of differentiating into neural crest lineages in vitro and generating ectopic bone tissues even in the subcutaneous region. The results of the present study suggest that OMSFCs are an ideal source of cells for the neural crest lineage and hard tissue regeneration. SIGNIFICANCE The sphere culture technique is a convenient method for isolating stem cells. However, the isolation and characterization of human oral mucosa stromal cells (OMSCs) using the sphere culture system are not fully understood. The present study describes the isolation of neural crest progenitor cells from oral mucosa using this system. Human OMSCs form spheres that exhibit self-renewal capabilities and multipotency, and are enriched with neural crest-derived cells. These oral mucosa sphere-forming cells can generate ectopic bone tissue in vivo. Therefore, the results of the present study show that the sphere culture system can be applied, without the need for complex isolation techniques, to produce multipotent spheres with the properties of neural crest stem cells. Furthermore, a convenient strategy is demonstrated for the isolation and culture of human OMSCs that could have clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Abe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sato
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Harada
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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