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Role of Neuroglobin in the Neuroprotective Actions of Estradiol and Estrogenic Compounds. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081907. [PMID: 34440676 PMCID: PMC8391807 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol exerts neuroprotective actions that are mediated by the regulation of a variety of signaling pathways and homeostatic molecules. Among these is neuroglobin, which is upregulated by estradiol and translocated to the mitochondria to sustain neuronal and glial cell adaptation to injury. In this paper, we will discuss the role of neuroglobin in the neuroprotective mechanisms elicited by estradiol acting on neurons, astrocytes and microglia. We will also consider the role of neuroglobin in the neuroprotective actions of clinically relevant synthetic steroids, such as tibolone. Finally, the possible contribution of the estrogenic regulation of neuroglobin to the generation of sex differences in brain pathology and the potential application of neuroglobin as therapy against neurological diseases will be examined.
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Quarta A, Meese T, Pieters Z, Van Breedam E, Le Blon D, Van Broeckhoven J, Hendrix S, Goossens H, Hens N, Berneman Z, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Ponsaerts P. Murine induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuroimmune cell culture models emphasize opposite immune-effector functions of interleukin 13-primed microglia and macrophages in terms of neuroimmune toxicity. Glia 2020; 69:326-345. [PMID: 32865285 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellular models of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia and macrophages are an emerging toolbox to investigate neuroinflammation in vitro. We previously demonstrated that murine iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages display phenotypical activation properties highly comparable to microglia and macrophages in vivo. Here we extended the characterization of iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages with the analysis of their transcriptome profile. Next, these cellular models were employed to evaluate neuroimmune toxicity in vitro and to investigate the immune-modulatory properties of interleukin 13 (IL13), a cytokine known for its ability to protect against neuroinflammation-induced pathology by modulating microglia and macrophage activation. iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages, in co-culture with astrocyte-committed neural stem cells (NSC), were (pre)treated with IL13 and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon γ (IFNγ), to assess how IL13 modulates their inflammatory response. Additionally, the use of luciferase-expressing NSC (Luc-NSC) allowed real-time monitoring of immune-mediated neurotoxicity. Despite the known anti-inflammatory properties of IL13, iPSC-microglia primed with IL13 before LPS + IFNγ stimulation significantly increased NO secretion. This was associated with a marked reduction of the luminescence signal produced by Luc-NSC. Interestingly, we observed that IL13 signaling has a divergent functional outcome in microglia as compared to macrophages, as for the latter no major alterations in NO release and Luc-NSC viability were observed upon IL13 (pre)treatment. Finally, the striking IL13-induced upregulation of NO secretion by microglia under pro-inflammatory conditions was confirmed in vivo, where intracerebral delivery of IL13 increased inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression. Concluding, we applied iPSC-derived neuroimmune cell culture models to identify distinct neuroimmune (toxicity) responses of microglia and macrophages to IL13-based immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Quarta
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Meese
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zoë Pieters
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elise Van Breedam
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Debbie Le Blon
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jana Van Broeckhoven
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sven Hendrix
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Herman Goossens
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Niel Hens
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zwi Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Zhou X, Zhi Y, Yu J, Xu D. The Yin and Yang of Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly Genes: Insights from Neurogenesis and Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051691. [PMID: 32121580 PMCID: PMC7084222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cells of neurogenesis and carcinogenesis share many properties, including proliferative rate, an extensive replicative potential, the potential to generate different cell types of a given tissue, and an ability to independently migrate to a damaged area. This is also evidenced by the common molecular principles regulating key processes associated with cell division and apoptosis. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neurogenic mitotic disorder that is characterized by decreased brain size and mental retardation. Until now, a total of 25 genes have been identified that are known to be associated with MCPH. The inactivation (yin) of most MCPH genes leads to neurogenesis defects, while the upregulation (yang) of some MCPH genes is associated with different kinds of carcinogenesis. Here, we try to summarize the roles of MCPH genes in these two diseases and explore the underlying mechanisms, which will help us to explore new, attractive approaches to targeting tumor cells that are resistant to the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yiqiang Zhi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jurui Yu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-17085937559
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Quarta A, Le Blon D, D'aes T, Pieters Z, Hamzei Taj S, Miró-Mur F, Luyckx E, Van Breedam E, Daans J, Goossens H, Dewilde S, Hens N, Pasque V, Planas AM, Hoehn M, Berneman Z, Ponsaerts P. Murine iPSC-derived microglia and macrophage cell culture models recapitulate distinct phenotypical and functional properties of classical and alternative neuro-immune polarisation. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 82:406-421. [PMID: 31525508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment and validation of reliable induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived in vitro models to study microglia and monocyte/macrophage immune function holds great potential for fundamental and translational neuro-immunology research. In this study, we first demonstrate that ramified CX3CR1+ iPSC-microglia (cultured within a neural environment) and round-shaped CX3CR1- iPSC-macrophages can easily be differentiated from newly established murine CX3CR1eGFP/+CCR2RFP/+ iPSC lines. Furthermore, we show that obtained murine iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages are distinct cell populations, even though iPSC-macrophages may upregulate CX3CR1 expression when cultured within a neural environment. Next, we characterized the phenotypical and functional properties of murine iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages following classical and alternative immune polarisation. While iPSC-macrophages could easily be triggered to adopt a classically-activated or alternatively-activated phenotype following, respectively, lipopolysaccharide + interferon γ or interleukin 13 (IL13) stimulation, iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophages cultured within a neural environment displayed a more moderate activation profile as characterised by the absence of MHCII expression upon classical immune polarisation and the absence of Ym1 expression upon alternative immune polarisation. Finally, extending our preceding in vivo studies, this striking phenotypical divergence was also observed for resident microglia and infiltrating monocytes within highly inflammatory cortical lesions in CX3CR1eGFP/+CCR2RFP/+ mice subjected to middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO) stroke and following IL13-mediated therapeutic intervention thereon. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the applied murine iPSC-microglia and iPSC-macrophage culture models are able to recapitulate in vivo microglia and monocyte/macrophage ontogeny and corresponding phenotypical/functional properties upon classical and alternative immune polarisation, and therefore represent a valuable in vitro platform to further study and modulate microglia and (infiltrating) monocyte immune responses under neuro-inflammatory conditions within a neural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Quarta
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Debbie Le Blon
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tine D'aes
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zoë Pieters
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Belgium; Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Somayyeh Hamzei Taj
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesc Miró-Mur
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evi Luyckx
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elise Van Breedam
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jasmijn Daans
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Herman Goossens
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Niel Hens
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Belgium; Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Pasque
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna M Planas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zwi Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Non-Methylation-Linked Mechanism of REST-Induced Neuroglobin Expression Impacts Mitochondrial Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neuroscience 2019; 412:233-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Neuroglobin Expression Models as a Tool to Study Its Function. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5728129. [PMID: 31320982 PMCID: PMC6607734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5728129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) is an evolutionary conserved member of the globin family with a primary expression in neurons of which the exact functions remain elusive. A plethora of in vivo and in vitro model systems has been generated to this day to determine the functional biological roles of Ngb. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview and discussion of the different Ngb models, covering animal and cellular models of both overexpression and knockout strategies. Intriguingly, an in-depth literature search of available Ngb expression models revealed crucial discrepancies in the outcomes observed in different models. Not only does the level of Ngb expression—either physiologically, overexpressed, or downregulated—alter its functional properties, the experimental setup, being in vitro or in vivo, does impact the functional outcome as well and, hence, whether or not a physiological and/or therapeutic role is ascribed to Ngb. These differences could highlight either technical or biological adaptations and should be considered until elucidation of the Ngb biology.
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Neuroglobin promotes neurogenesis through Wnt signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:945. [PMID: 30237546 PMCID: PMC6147998 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) has been demonstrated by our lab and others to be neuroprotective against neurological disorders including stroke. However, the roles of Ngb in neurogenesis remain elusive. Neurogenesis can occur in adulthood and can be induced by pathological conditions in the brain such as stroke, and significantly contributes to functional recovery, thus enhancing endogenous neurogenesis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate the roles of Ngb in neurogenesis using Lentivirus overexpressing Ngb (Lv-Ngb). We show that Ngb overexpression promoted the proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPC) marked by increased neurosphere number and size. Ngb overexpression also enhanced neuronal differentiation of cultured NPC under differentiation conditions. Moreover, subventricular injection of Lv-Ngb in mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) increased PSA-NCAM positive neuroblasts and Tuj1 positive immature neurons, suggesting that Ngb overexpression promotes neurogenesis in mice brain after stroke. We further show that the pro-neurogenesis effect of Ngb overexpression might be mediated through Dvl1 up-regulation, and subsequent activation of Wnt signaling, indicated by increased nuclear localization of beta-catenin. These results suggest that Ngb may play an important role in promoting neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke, which may eventually benefit the development of stroke therapeutics targeting neurogenesis through Ngb upregulation.
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Neuroglobin Regulates Wnt/β-Catenin and NFκB Signaling Pathway through Dvl1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072133. [PMID: 30041403 PMCID: PMC6073292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin is an endogenous neuroprotective protein, but the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Our previous yeast two-hybrid screening study identified that Dishevelled-1, a key hub protein of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, is an interaction partner of Neuroglobin. In this study, we further examined the role of Neuroglobin in regulating Dishevelled-1 and the downstream Wnt/β-Catenin and NFκB signaling pathway. We found that Neuroglobin directly interacts with Dishevelled-1 by co-immunoprecipitation, and the two proteins are co-localized in both cytoplasma and nucleus of SK-N-SH cells. Moreover, the ectopic expression of Neuroglobin promotes the degradation of exogenous and endogenous Dishevelled-1 through the proteasomal degradation pathway. Furthermore, our results showed that Neuroglobin significantly inhibits the luciferase activity of Topflash reporter and the expression of β-Catenin mediated by Dishevelled-1 in SK-N-SH cells. In addition, we also documented that Neuroglobin enhances TNF-α-induced NFκB activation via down-regulating Dishevelled-1. Finally, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assays showed that Neuroglobin is an important neuroprotectant that protects SK-N-SH cells from TNF-α-induced decrease in cell viability. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Neuroglobin functions as an important modulator of the Wnt/β-Catenin and NFκB signaling pathway through regulating Dishevelled-1.
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