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Dou Y, Zhai H, Li H, Xing H, Zhu C, Xuan Z. Endothelial cells-derived exosomes-based hydrogel improved tendinous repair via anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration-promoting properties. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:401. [PMID: 38982446 PMCID: PMC11232200 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common orthopedic ailments with a challenging healing trajectory, especially in cases like the Achilles tendon afflictions. The healing trajectory of tendon injuries is often suboptimal, leading to scar formation and functional impairment due to the inherent low metabolic activity and vascularization of tendon tissue. As pressing is needed for effective interventions, efforts are made to explore biomaterials to augment tendon healing. However, tissue engineering approaches face hurdles in optimizing tissue scaffolds and nanomedical strategies. To navigate these challenges, an injectable hydrogel amalgamated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells-derived exosomes (HUVECs-Exos) was prepared and named H-Exos-gel in this study, aiming to enhance tendon repair. In our research involving a model of Achilles tendon injuries in 60 rats, we investigated the efficacy of H-Exos-gel through histological assessments performed at 2 and 4 weeks and behavioral assessments conducted at the 4-week mark revealed its ability to enhance the Achilles tendon's mechanical strength, regulate inflammation and facilitate tendon regeneration and functional recovery. Mechanically, the H-Exos-gel modulated the cellular behaviors of macrophages and tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) by inhibiting inflammation-related pathways and promoting proliferation-related pathways. Our findings delineate that the H-Exos-gel epitomizes a viable bioactive medium for tendon healing, heralding a promising avenue for the clinical amelioration of tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Dou
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Haiqiu Li
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Hanlin Xing
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhaopeng Xuan
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 130031, Changchun, P.R. China.
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Xia X, Fang Z, Qian Y, Zhou Y, Huang H, Xu F, Luo Z, Wang Q. Role of oxidative stress in the concurrent development of osteoporosis and tendinopathy: Emerging challenges and prospects for treatment modalities. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18508. [PMID: 38953556 PMCID: PMC11217991 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Both osteoporosis and tendinopathy are widely prevalent disorders, encountered in diverse medical contexts. Whilst each condition has distinct pathophysiological characteristics, they share several risk factors and underlying causes. Notably, oxidative stress emerges as a crucial intersecting factor, playing a pivotal role in the onset and progression of both diseases. This imbalance arises from a dysregulation in generating and neutralising reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to an abnormal oxidative environment. Elevated levels of ROS can induce multiple cellular disruptions, such as cytotoxicity, apoptosis activation and reduced cell function, contributing to tissue deterioration and weakening the structural integrity of bones and tendons. Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow down the oxidation process, including Vitamin C, melatonin, resveratrol, anthocyanins and so on, demonstrating potential in treating these overlapping disorders. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the complex role of oxidative stress within the interlinked pathways of these comorbid conditions. By integrating contemporary research and empirical findings, our objective is to outline new conceptual models and innovative treatment strategies for effectively managing these prevalent diseases. This review underscores the importance of further in-depth research to validate the efficacy of antioxidants and traditional Chinese medicine in treatment plans, as well as to explore targeted interventions focused on oxidative stress as promising areas for future medical advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Xia
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Sixth People's HospitalKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Zhengyuan Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Yinhua Qian
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Haoqiang Huang
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
- Department of Sports MedicineHuashan Hospital, Fudan UniverstiyShanghaiChina
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsKunshan Hospital of Chinese MedicineKunshanJiangsuChina
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Luo W, Zhang H, Wan R, Cai Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Zhang D, Luo Z, Shang X. Biomaterials-Based Technologies in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304196. [PMID: 38712598 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
For many clinically prevalent severe injuries, the inherent regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle remains inadequate. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) seeks to meet this clinical demand. With continuous progress in biomedicine and related technologies including micro/nanotechnology and 3D printing, numerous studies have uncovered various intrinsic mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and developed tailored biomaterial systems based on these understandings. Here, the skeletal muscle structure and regeneration process are discussed and the diverse biomaterial systems derived from various technologies are explored in detail. Biomaterials serve not merely as local niches for cell growth, but also as scaffolds endowed with structural or physicochemical properties that provide tissue regenerative cues such as topographical, electrical, and mechanical signals. They can also act as delivery systems for stem cells and bioactive molecules that have been shown as key participants in endogenous repair cascades. To achieve bench-to-bedside translation, the typical effect enabled by biomaterial systems and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms are also summarized. Insights into the roles of biomaterials in SMTE from cellular and molecular perspectives are provided. Finally, perspectives on the advancement of SMTE are provided, for which gene therapy, exosomes, and hybrid biomaterials may hold promise to make important contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Hanli Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Xiliang Shang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
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Penna F, Garcia-Castillo L, Costelli P. Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes in the Control of the Musculoskeletal Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:257-265. [PMID: 38424339 PMCID: PMC11061004 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review will highlight recent reports supporting the relevance of extracellular vesicles to the musculoskeletal system in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS Preserving the health of the musculoskeletal system is important to maintain a good quality of life, and the bone-muscle crosstalk is crucial in this regard. This latter is largely mediated by extracellular vesicles released by the different cell populations residing in muscle and bone, which deliver cargoes, microRNAs, and proteins being the most relevant ones, to target cells. Extracellular vesicles could be exploited as therapeutic tools, in view of their resistance to destruction in the biological fluid and of the possibility to be functionalized according to the need. Extracellular vesicles are recognized as crucial players in the bone-muscle cross-talk. Additional studies however are required to refine their use as biomarkers of early alterations of the musculoskeletal system, and as potential therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Garcia-Castillo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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Qi B, Li Y, Peng Z, Luo Z, Zhang X, Chen J, Li G, Sun Y. Macrophage-Myofibroblast Transition as a Potential Origin for Skeletal Muscle Fibrosis After Injury via Complement System Activation. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1083-1094. [PMID: 38384372 PMCID: PMC10880461 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s450599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute skeletal muscle injury is common in sports. The injured muscle cannot fully recover due to fibrosis resulting from myofibroblasts. Understanding the origin of fibroblasts is, therefore, important for the development of anti-fibrotic therapies. Accumulating evidence shows that a mechanism called macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) can lead to tissue or organ fibrosis, yet it is still unclear whether MMT exists in skeletal muscle and the exact mechanisms. Methods Single-cell transcriptome of mice skeletal muscle after acute injury was analyzed with a specific attention on the process of MMT. Cell-cell interaction network, pseudotime trajectory analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) were conducted. A series of experiments in vivo and in vitro were launched for verification. Results Single cell transcriptomic analysis indicated that, following acute injury, there were much interactions between macrophages and myofibroblasts. A detailed analysis on macrophages indicated that, CD68+α-SMA+ cells, which represented the status of MMT, mainly appeared at five days post-injury. KEGG/GO analysis underlined the involvement of complement system, within which C3ar1, C1qa, C1qb, and C1qc were up-regulated. Trajectory analysis also confirmed a potential shift from macrophages to myofibroblasts. These findings were verified by histological study in mice skeletal muscle, that there were much MMT cells at five days, declined gradually, and vanished 14 days after trauma, when there was remarkable fibrosis formation within the injured muscle. Moreover, C3a stimulation could directly induce MMT in BMDMs. Conclusion Fibrosis following acute injury is disastrous to skeletal muscle, but the origin of myofibroblasts remains unclear. We proved that, following acute injury, macrophage-myofibroblast transition happened in skeletal muscle, which may contribute to fibrosis formation. This phenomenon mainly occurred at five days post-injury. The complement system can activate MMT. More evidence is needed to directly support the pro-fibrotic role of MMT in skeletal muscle fibrosis after acute injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beijie Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Gao M, Guo H, Dong X, Wang Z, Yang Z, Shang Q, Wang Q. Regulation of inflammation during wound healing: the function of mesenchymal stem cells and strategies for therapeutic enhancement. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1345779. [PMID: 38425646 PMCID: PMC10901993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1345779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A wound takes a long time to heal and involves several steps. Following tissue injury, inflammation is the primary cause of tissue regeneration and repair processes. As a result, the pathophysiological processes involving skin damage, healing, and remodeling depend critically on the control of inflammation. The fact that it is a feasible target for improving the prognosis of wound healing has lately become clear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an innovative and effective therapeutic option for wound healing due to their immunomodulatory and paracrine properties. By controlling the inflammatory milieu of wounds through immunomodulation, transplanted MSCs have been shown to speed up the healing process. In addition to other immunomodulatory mechanisms, including handling neutrophil activity and modifying macrophage polarization, there may be modifications to the activation of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, several studies have shown that pretreating MSCs improves their ability to modulate immunity. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge about how MSCs influence local inflammation in wounds by influencing immunity to facilitate the healing process. We also provide an overview of MSCs optimizing techniques when used to treat wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiying Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Shao Z, Xu J, Wang X, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhao J, Li K. Exosomes derived from adipose tissues accelerate fibroblasts and keratinocytes proliferation and cutaneous wound healing via miR-92a/Hippo-YAP axis. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:189-204. [PMID: 38041784 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is an urgent clinical issue. Cellular communication involving exosome-borne cargo such as miRNA is a critical mechanism involved in wound healing. This study isolated and identified human adipose tissue-derived exosomes (Exo-ATs). The specific effects of Exo-ATs on keratinocytes and fibroblasts were examined. Enriched miRNAs in Exo-ATs were analyzed, and miR-92a-3p was selected. The transfer of Exo-ATs-derived miR-92a-3p to keratinocytes and fibroblasts was verified. miR-92a-3p binding to LATS2 was examined and the dynamic effects of the miR-92a-3p/LATS2 axis were investigated. In a dorsal skin wound model, the in vivo effects of Exo-ATs on wound healing were examined. Exo-AT incubation increased keratinocytes and fibroblast proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. miR-92a-3p, enriched in Exo-ATs, could be transferred to keratinocytes and fibroblasts, resulting in enhanced proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation. Large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) was a direct target of miR-92a-3p. miR-92a-3p inhibitor effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts could be partially reversed by LATS2 knockdown. In a dorsal skin wound model, Exo-ATs accelerated wound healing through enhanced cell proliferation, collagen deposition, re-epithelialization, and YAP/TAZ activation. In conclusion, Exo-ATs improve skin wound healing by promoting keratinocyte and fibroblast migration and proliferation and collagen production by fibroblast, which could be partially eliminated by miR-92a inhibition through its downstream target LATS2 and the YAP/TAZ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Shao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jinghao Xu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxi Zhou
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215125, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Huang H, Chen P, Feng X, Qian Y, Peng Z, Zhang T, Wang Q. Translational studies of exosomes in sports medicine - a mini-review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1339669. [PMID: 38259444 PMCID: PMC10800726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review in sports medicine focuses on the critical role of exosomes in managing chronic conditions and enhancing athletic performance. Exosomes, small vesicles produced by various cells, are essential for cellular communication and transporting molecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Originating from the endoplasmic reticulum, they play a vital role in modulating inflammation and tissue repair. Their significance in sports medicine is increasingly recognized, particularly in healing athletic injuries, improving articular cartilage lesions, and osteoarthritic conditions by modulating cellular behavior and aiding tissue regeneration. Investigations also highlight their potential in boosting athletic performance, especially through myocytes-derived exosomes that may enhance adaptability to physical training. Emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach, this review underlines the need to thoroughly understand exosome biology, including their pathways and classifications, to fully exploit their therapeutic potential. It outlines future directions in sports medicine, focusing on personalized treatments, clinical evaluations, and embracing technological advancements. This research represents a frontier in using exosomes to improve athletes' health and performance capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinting Feng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijian Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
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Huang H, Qian Y, Feng Y, Wang Y, Qian P, Xu F, Wang Q. Erxian Decoction-induced serum exosomes slowed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell senescence through mitophagy. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3617. [PMID: 37935422 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Erxian Decoction (EXD) is traditionally employed in the treatment of menopausal syndromes, although its underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. Given that the senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is intertwined with organismal aging and associated diseases, this study endeavored to elucidate the influence of EXD on aging BMSCs and uncover the mechanisms through which EXD impedes BMSC senescence. METHODS Initially, we probed the anti-senescent mechanisms of EXD on BMSCs via network pharmacology. We subsequently isolated and identified exosomes from the serum of EXD-fed rats (EXD-Exos) and administered these to H2 O2 -induced aging BMSC. Assays were conducted to assess BMSC senescence indicators and markers pertinent to mitochondrial autophagy. Treatments with mitophagy inhibitors and activators were then employed to substantiate our findings. RESULTS Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses spotlighted AKT1, TP53, TNF, JUN, VEGFA, IL6, CASP3 and EGFR as focal targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encylcopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses underscored oxidative stress, mitophagy and cell proliferation as pivotal processes. Our cellular assays ascertained that EXD-Exos mitigated H2 O2 -induced senescence phenotypes in BMSCs. Moreover, EXD-Exos ameliorated disrupted mitophagy in BMSCs, as evidenced by enhanced cellular membrane potential and diminished reactive oxygen species levels. Intriguingly, EXD-Exos also preserved the osteogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs while curtailing their adipogenic propensity. CONCLUSION Our findings compellingly suggest that EXD counteracts BMSC senescence by fostering mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinhua Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Feng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingkang Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Cortez I, Gaffney CM, Crelli CV, Lee E, Nichols JM, Pham HV, Mehdi S, Janjic JM, Shepherd AJ. Sustained pain and macrophage infiltration in a mouse muscle contusion model. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:103-114. [PMID: 37929655 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Prior studies have emphasized the role of inflammation in the response to injury and muscle regeneration, but little emphasis has been placed on characterizing the relationship between innate inflammation, pain, and functional impairment. The aim of our study was to determine the contribution of innate immunity to prolonged pain following muscle contusion. METHODS We developed a closed-impact mouse model of muscle contusion and a macrophage-targeted near-infrared fluorescent nanoemulsion. Closed-impact contusions were delivered to the lower left limb. Pain sensitivity, gait dysfunction, and inflammation were assessed in the days and weeks post-contusion. Macrophage accumulation was imaged in vivo by injecting i.v. near-infrared nanoemulsion. RESULTS Despite hindpaw hypersensitivity persisting for several weeks, disruptions to gait and grip strength typically resolved within 10 days of injury. Using non-invasive imaging and immunohistochemistry, we show that macrophage density peaks in and around the affected muscle 3 day post-injury and quickly subsides. However, macrophage density in the ipsilateral sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) increases more gradually and persists for at least 14 days. DISCUSSION In this study, we demonstrate pain sensitivity is influenced by the degree of lower muscle contusion, without significant changes to gait and grip strength. This may be due to modulation of pain signaling by macrophage proliferation in the sciatic nerve, upstream from the site of injury. Our work suggests chronic pain developing from muscle contusion is driven by macrophage-derived neuroinflammation in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibdanelo Cortez
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caitlyn M Gaffney
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caitlin V Crelli
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Lee
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James M Nichols
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hoang Vu Pham
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Syed Mehdi
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Jiang X, Yang J, Lin Y, Liu F, Tao J, Zhang W, Xu J, Zhang M. Extracellular vesicles derived from human ESC-MSCs target macrophage and promote anti-inflammation process, angiogenesis, and functional recovery in ACS-induced severe skeletal muscle injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:331. [PMID: 37964317 PMCID: PMC10647154 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common complications of musculoskeletal injury, leading to the necrosis and demise of skeletal muscle cells. Our previous study showed that embryonic stem cells-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ESC-MSCs) are novel therapeutics in ACS treatment. As extracellular vesicles (EVs) are rapidly gaining attention as cell-free therapeutics that have advantages over parental stem cells, the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of EVs from ESC-MSCs on ACS need to be explored. METHOD In the present study, we examined the protective effects in the experimental ACS rat model and investigated the role of macrophages in mediating these effects. Next, we used transcriptome sequencing to explore the mechanisms by which ESC-MSC-EVs regulate macrophage polarization. Furthermore, miRNA sequencing was performed on ESC-MSC-EVs to identify miRNA candidates associated with macrophage polarization. RESULTS We found that intravenous administration of ESC-MSC-EVs, given at the time of fasciotomy, significantly promotes the anti-inflammation process, angiogenesis, and functional recovery of muscle in ACS. The beneficial effects were associated with ESC-MSC-EVs affecting macrophage polarization by delivering various miRNAs which regulate NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT pathways. Our data further illustrate that ESC-MSC-EVs mainly modulate macrophage polarization via the miR-21/PTEN, miR-320a/PTEN, miR-423/NLRP3, miR-100/mTOR, and miR-26a/TLR3 axes. CONCLUSION Together, our results demonstrated the beneficial effects of ESC-MSC-EVs in ACS, wherein the miRNAs present in ESC-MSC-EVs regulate the polarization of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkang Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiefeng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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12
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Lin T, Pu X, Zhou S, Huang Z, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Mao Q, Liang Y, Ding G. Identification of exosomal miR-484 role in reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism in pancreatic cancer through Wnt/MAPK axis control. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106980. [PMID: 37944835 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs) are potent regulators of tumorigenesis in various cancers, especially pancreatic cancer. The abnormal expression of miRNAs can be observed in tumor cells. Noteworthy, miRNAs could be transferred by exosomes as small extracellular vesicles in regulation of carcinogenesis. This research focused on exploring the roles and mechanisms of exosomal miR-484, derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), in the context of molecular interactions and regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Exosomes were isolated for the examination of miR-484 expression. The impacts of hBMSCs-derived exosomal miR-484 on pancreatic cancer cells were studied using various assays. Evaluation of mitochondrial function and metabolism was performed. Wnt/MAPK pathway-related protein expression was assessed, and an in vivo tumor xenograft model was utilized to examine the functions. Our findings demonstrated a decreased miR-484 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. However, hBMSCs-derived exosomal miR-484 inhibited the proliferation and migration of these cells, while inducing apoptosis. Moreover, miR-484 led to an upsurge in reactive oxygen species production, a decrease in ATP levels, and a disruption in mitochondrial metabolism. In vivo analyses showed that hBMSCs-derived exosomal miR-484 lessened tumor size and weight, while also suppressing the expression of mitochondrial biomarkers. Further, there was a decline in β-catenin and p-p38 protein levels both in vitro and in vivo. The addition of LiCl restored the disrupted mitochondrial metabolism. Conclusively, our results suggest that hBMSCs-derived exosomal miR-484 mitigates the malignant transformation and mitochondrial metabolism of pancreatic cancer by deactivating the Wnt/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaofan Pu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senhao Zhou
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengze Huang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Fuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qijiang Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuelong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Han D, Fan Z, Chen YS, Xue Z, Yang Z, Liu D, Zhou R, Yuan H. Retrospective study: risk assessment model for osteoporosis-a detailed exploration involving 4,552 Shanghai dwellers. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16017. [PMID: 37701834 PMCID: PMC10494836 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis, a prevalent orthopedic issue, significantly influences patients' quality of life and results in considerable financial burden. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a clinical prediction model for osteoporosis risk, utilizing computer algorithms and demographic data. Method In this research, a total of 4,552 residents from Shanghai were retrospectively included. LASSO regression analysis was executed on the sample's basic characteristics, and logistic regression was employed for analyzing clinical characteristics and building a predictive model. The model's diagnostic capacity for predicting osteoporosis risk was assessed using R software and computer algorithms. Results The predictive nomogram model for bone loss risk, derived from the LASSO analysis, comprised factors including BMI, TC, TG, HDL, Gender, Age, Education, Income, Sleep, Alcohol Consumption, and Diabetes. The nomogram prediction model demonstrated impressive discriminative capability, with a C-index of 0.908 (training set), 0.908 (validation set), and 0.910 (entire cohort). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model was 0.909 (training set), 0.903 (validation set), and applicable to the entire cohort. The decision curve analysis further corroborated that the model could efficiently predict the risk of bone loss in patients. Conclusion The nomogram, based on essential demographic and health factors (Body Mass Index, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, High-Density Lipoprotein, Gender, Age, Education, Income, Sleep, Alcohol Consumption, and Diabetes), offered accurate predictions for the risk of bone loss within the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (Preparatory Stage), Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongcheng Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yi-sheng Chen
- Department of Sports medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zichao Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department Two of Medical Administration, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department Two of Medical Administration, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mazzucchelli L, Sarcon AK, Huang TCT, Li J, Berry CE, Houdek MT, Behfar A, Zhao C, Moran SL. A Ready-to-Use Purified Exosome Product for Volumetric Muscle Loss and Functional Recovery. Tissue Eng Part A 2023; 29:481-490. [PMID: 37537959 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Large skeletal muscle defects owing to trauma or following tumor extirpation can result in substantial functional impairment. Purified exosomes are now available clinically and have been used for wound healing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the regenerative capacity of commercially available exosomes on an animal model of volumetric muscle loss (VML) and its potential translation to human muscle injury. An established VML rat model was used. In the in vitro experiment, rat myoblasts were isolated and cocultured with 5% purified exosome product (PEP) to validate uptake. Myoblast proliferation and migration was evaluated with increasing concentrations of PEP (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) in comparison with control media (F10) and myoblast growth medium (MGM). In the in vivo experiment, a lateral gastrocnemius-VML defect was made in the rat hindlimb. Animals were randomized into four experimental groups; defects were treated with surgery alone, fibrin sealant, fibrin sealant and PEP, or platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The groups were further randomized into four recovery time points (14, 28, 45, or 90 days). The isometric tetanic force (ITF), which was measured as a percentage of force compared with normal limb, was used for functional evaluation. Florescence microscopy confirmed that 5% PEP demonstrated cellular uptake ∼8-12 h. Compared with the control, myoblasts showed faster proliferation with PEP irrespective of concentration. PEP concentrations of 2.5% and 5% promoted myoblast migration faster compared with the control (<0.05). At 90 days postop, both the PEP and fibrin sealant and PRP groups showed greater ITF compared with control and fibrin sealant alone (<0.05). At 45 days postop, PEP with fibrin sealant had greater cellularity compared with control (<0.05). At 90 days postop, both PEP with fibrin sealant and the PRP-treated groups had greater cellularity compared with fibrin sealant and control (<0.05). PEP promoted myoblast proliferation and migration. When delivered to a wound with a fibrin sealant, PEP allowed for muscle regeneration producing greater functional recovery and more cellularity in vivo compared with untreated animals. PEP may promote muscle regeneration in cases of VML; further research is warranted to evaluate PEP for the treatment of clinical muscle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mazzucchelli
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aida K Sarcon
- Department of Surgery and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tony C T Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jialun Li
- Plastic Surgery, Pikeli Medical Aesthetics, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Matthew T Houdek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chunfeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven L Moran
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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15
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Qin X, He J, Wang X, Wang J, Yang R, Chen X. The functions and clinical application potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells on wound repair: a review of recent research advances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256687. [PMID: 37691943 PMCID: PMC10486026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is a complex problem for both clinical practitioners and scientific investigators. Conventional approaches to wound repair have been associated with several limitations, including prolonged treatment duration, high treatment expenses, and significant economic and psychological strain on patients. Consequently, there is a pressing demand for more efficacious and secure treatment modalities to enhance the existing treatment landscapes. In the field of wound repair, cell-free therapy, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), has made notable advancements in recent years. Exosomes, which are small lipid bilayer vesicles discharged by MSCs, harbor bioactive constituents such as proteins, lipids, microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA). These constituents facilitate material transfer and information exchange between the cells, thereby regulating their biological functions. This article presents a comprehensive survey of the function and mechanisms of MSC-Exos in the context of wound healing, emphasizing their beneficial impact on each phase of the process, including the regulation of the immune response, inhibition of inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis, advancement of cell proliferation and migration, and reduction of scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Qin
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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16
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Johnson AL, Kamal M, Parise G. The Role of Supporting Cell Populations in Satellite Cell Mediated Muscle Repair. Cells 2023; 12:1968. [PMID: 37566047 PMCID: PMC10417507 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a high capacity to repair and remodel in response to damage, largely through the action of resident muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells. Satellite cells are required for the proper repair of skeletal muscle through a process known as myogenesis. Recent investigations have observed relationships between satellite cells and other cell types and structures within the muscle microenvironment. These findings suggest that the crosstalk between inflammatory cells, fibrogenic cells, bone-marrow-derived cells, satellite cells, and the vasculature is essential for the restoration of muscle homeostasis. This review will discuss the influence of the cells and structures within the muscle microenvironment on satellite cell function and muscle repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gianni Parise
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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17
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Zhao W, Zhang H, Liu R, Cui R. Advances in Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosome on Immune Cells in Scar Formation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3643-3662. [PMID: 37427367 PMCID: PMC10327916 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s412717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological scars are the result of over-repair and excessive tissue proliferation of the skin injury. It may cause serious dysfunction, resulting in psychological and physiological burdens on the patients. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) displayed a promising therapeutic effect on wound repair and scar attenuation. But the regulatory mechanisms are opinions vary. In view of inflammation has long been proven as the initial factor of wound healing and scarring, and the unique immunomodulation mechanism of MSC-Exo, the utilization of MSC-Exo may be promising therapeutic for pathological scars. However, different immune cells function differently during wound repair and scar formation. The immunoregulatory mechanism of MSC-Exo would differ among different immune cells and molecules. Herein, this review gave a comprehensive summary of MSC-Exo immunomodulating different immune cells in wound healing and scar formation to provide basic theoretical references and therapeutic exploration of inflammatory wound healing and pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongtao Cui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Doan HT, Van Pham P, Vu NB. Intravenous Infusion of Exosomes Derived from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Promotes Angiogenesis and Muscle Regeneration: An Observational Study in a Murine Acute Limb Ischemia Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36991295 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2023_769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have demonstrated that adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation could promote neoangiogenesis in various ischemic diseases. However, as whole cells, ADSCs have some disadvantages, such as shipping and storage issues, high costs, and controversies related to the fates of grafted cells in the recipients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of intravenously infused exosomes purified from human ADSCs on ischemic disease in a murine hindlimb ischemia model. METHODS ADSCs were cultured in exosome-free medium for 48 h before the conditioned medium was collected for exosome isolation by ultracentrifugation. The murine ischemic hindlimb models were created by cutting and burning the hindlimb arteries. Exosomes were intravenously infused into murine models (ADSC-Exo group), with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) used as a placebo (PBS group). Treatment efficacy was determined using a murine mobility assay (frequency of pedaling in water per 10 s), peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 index), and the recovery of vascular circulation by trypan blue staining. The formation of blood vessels was shown by X-ray. Expression levels of genes related to angiogenesis and muscle tissue repair were quantified by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Finally, H&E staining was used to determine the histological structure of muscle in the treatment and placebo groups. RESULTS The rates of acute limb ischemia in the PBS and ADSC-Exo injection groups were 66% (9/16 mice) and 43% (6/14 mice), respectively. The mobility of the limbs 28 days after surgery was significantly different between the ADSC-Exo treatment group (41 ± 1 times/10 s) and the PBS group (24 ± 1 times/10 s; n = 3; p < 0.05). Peripheral blood oxygen saturation 21 days after treatment was 83.83% ± 2.02% in the PBS group and 83% ± 1.73% in the ADSC-Exo treatment group, and the difference was not statistically significant (n = 3, p > 0.05). On day 7 after treatment, the time required to stain the toes after trypan blue injection was 20.67 ± 12.5 s and 85 ± 7.09 s in the ADSC-Exo and PBS groups, respectively (n = 3, p < 0.05). On day 3 after the operation, the expression of genes promoting angiogenesis and muscle remodeling, such as Flk1, Vwf, Ang1, Tgfb1, Myod, and Myf5, was increased 4-8 times in the ADSC-Exo group compared with the PBS group. No mice in either group died during the experimental period. CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that intravenous infusion of human ADSC-derived exosomes is a safe and effective method to treat ischemic disease, especially hindlimb ischemia, by promoting angiogenesis and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Thi Doan
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc Van Pham
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bich Vu
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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19
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Feng X, Peng Z, Yuan L, Jin M, Hu H, Peng X, Wang Y, Zhang C, Luo Z, Liao H. Research progress of exosomes in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1100310. [PMID: 36761297 PMCID: PMC9902372 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are natural extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm, which exist in biological fluids and contain biomolecules related to the parent cell, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc. It has a wide range of biological functions, and participates in the regulation of important physiological and pathological activities of the body. It can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of ocular diseases, a potential therapeutic target, a targeted drug carrier, and has a high potential for clinical application. In this paper, we summarized the genesis mechanism, biological functions, research and application progress of exosomes, focused on the engineering strategy of exosomes, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of common engineering exosome preparation methods. Systematically combed the role of exosomes in corneal diseases, glaucoma, and retinal diseases, to provide a reference for further understanding of the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular diseases. Finally, we further summarized the opportunities and challenges of exosomes for precision medicine. The extension of exosome research to the field of ophthalmology will help advance current diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Tiny exosomes have huge potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyi Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Haijian Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Peng
- College of Fine Arts, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of ophthalmology, West China hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Liao, ; Zhiwen Luo,
| | - Hongfei Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Liao, ; Zhiwen Luo,
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20
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Ma M, Cui G, Liu Y, Tang Y, Lu X, Yue C, Zhang X. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, osteoimmunology and orthopedic diseases. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14677. [PMID: 36710868 PMCID: PMC9881470 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in tissue healing and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation properties. MSCs exert their therapeutic effects mainly via the paracrine pathway, which involves the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have a high drug loading capacity and can transport various molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, that can modify the course of diverse diseases. Due to their ability to maintain the therapeutic effects of their parent cells, MSC-derived EVs have emerged as a promising, safe cell-free treatment approach for tissue regeneration. With advances in inflammation research and emergence of the field of osteoimmunology, evidence has accumulated pointing to the role of inflammatory and osteoimmunological processes in the occurrence and progression of orthopedic diseases. Several studies have shown that MSC-derived EVs participate in bone regeneration and the pathophysiology of orthopedic diseases by regulating the inflammatory environment, enhancing angiogenesis, and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application and functions of MSC-derived EVs as potential therapies against orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, osteoporosis and osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiao Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Youwen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Chen Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
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21
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Su G, Lei X, Wang Z, Xie W, Wen D, Wu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Affect Macrophage Phenotype: A Cell-free Strategy for the Treatment of Skeletal Muscle Disorders. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:350-357. [PMID: 35546766 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220511123625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The process of tissue damage, repair, and regeneration in the skeletal muscle system involves complex inflammatory processes. Factors released in the inflammatory microenvironment can affect the phenotypic changes of macrophages, thereby changing the inflammatory process, making macrophages an important target for tissue repair treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating immune cells. In particular, exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells have become a new cell-free treatment strategy due to their low tumorigenicity and immunogenicity. This article focuses on the mechanism of the effect of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells on the phenotype of macrophages after skeletal muscle system injury and explores the possible mechanism of macrophages as potential therapeutic targets after tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Su
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
| | - Weiqiang Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
| | - Donghong Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
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22
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Chen X, Yin XY, Wang CC, Du P, Wang XS, Lu YC, Sun YW, Sun YH, Hu YM. Muse cells decrease the neuroinflammatory response by modulating the proportion of M1 and M2 microglia in vitro. Neural Regen Res 2023. [PMID: 35799545 PMCID: PMC9241390 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.343885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation hinders repair of the central nervous system (CNS). Stem cell transplantation is a very promising approach for treatment of CNS injuries. However, it is difficult to select seed cells that can both facilitate nerve regeneration and improve the microenvironment in the CNS. In this study, we isolated multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. We explored the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of Muse cells in vitro by coculture of Muse cells with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia. Our results showed that Muse cells effectively reduced the transcription and secretion of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β and increased the expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10 in microglia. In addition, Muse cells decreased the number of M1 microglia and increased the proportion of M2 microglia in an inflammatory environment more effectively than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. We also show that Muse cells inhibited the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88) and inhibited the expression of the phosphorylated forms of transcription factor p65, nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor alpha, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in microglia. Therefore, we suggest Muse cells cause antineuroinflammatory effects by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in microglia. Our results shed light on the function of Muse cells in relation to CNS diseases and provide insight into the selection of seed cells.
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23
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Li Y, Kong M, Wang J, Han P, Zhang N, Yang X, Wang J, Hu Y, Duo Y, Liu D. Exercise-induced circulating exosomes potentially prevent pelvic organ prolapse in clinical practice via inhibition of smooth muscle apoptosis. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12583. [PMID: 37077375 PMCID: PMC10106923 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of exercise to prevent pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and search for diagnostic indictors for POP. Methods We used two clinical POP datasets with patients' information (GSE12852 and GSE53868), a dataset consisting of altered microRNA expression in circulating blood after exercise (GSE69717) for bioinformatic analysis and clinical diagnostic analysis, while a series of cellular experiments were conducted for preliminary mechanical validation. Results Our results show that AXUD1 is highly expressed in the smooth muscle of the ovary and is a key pathogenic gene in POP, while miR-133b is a key molecule in the regulation of POP by exercise-induced serum exosomes. The AUCs of AXUD1 for POP diagnosis were 0.842 and 0.840 in GSE12852 and GSE53868 respectively. At cut-off value = 9.627, the sensitivity and specificity of AXUD1 for predicating POP is 1.000 and 0.833 respectively for GSE53868, while at cut-off value = 3324.640, the sensitivity and specificity of AXUD1 for predicating POP is 0.941 and 0.812 separately for GSE12852. Analysis and experiments confirmed that miR-133b can directly regulate AXUD1. miR-133b mediated C2C12 myoblasts proliferation and inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. Conclusions Our study proved that AXUD1 is a good clinical diagnostic indicator for POP and provided a theoretical basis for future prevention of POP through exercise and a potential target for intervention in muscle dysfunction.
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24
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Luo Z, Sun Y, Qi B, Lin J, Chen Y, Xu Y, Chen J. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit shoulder stiffness via let-7a/Tgfbr1 axis. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:344-359. [PMID: 35386460 PMCID: PMC8965035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shoulder stiffness (SS) is a common shoulder disease characterized by increasing pain and limited range of motion. SS is considered to be an inflammatory and fibrotic disorder pathologically. However, there is no consensus on the most effective conservative treatment for fibrosis. Given that human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) displayed promising therapeutic effects for various tissues, we investigated the therapeutic effect of BMSC-EVs on fibrosis in a mice immobilization model and two cell models. By conducting a series of experiments, we found that BMSC-EVs can significantly inhibit the fibrogenic process both in vitro and in vivo. In detail, BMSC-EVs suppressed the aberrant proliferation, high collagen production capacity, and activation of fibrotic pathways in TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts in vitro. Besides, in vivo, BMSC-EVs reduced cell infiltration, reduced fibrotic tissue in the shoulder capsule, and improved shoulder mobility. In addition, via exosomal small RNA sequencing and qPCR analysis, let-7a-5p was verified to be the highest expressed miRNA with predicted antifibrotic capability in BMSC-EVs. The antifibrotic capacity of BMSC-EVs was significantly impaired after the knockdown of let-7a-5p. Moreover, we discovered that the mRNA of TGFBR1 (the membrane receptor of transforming growth factor β) was the target of let-7a-5p. Together, these findings elucidated the antifibrotic role of BMSC-EVs in shoulder capsular fibrosis. This study clarifies a new approach using stem cell-derived EVs therapy as an alternative to cell therapy, which may clinically benefit patients with SS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beijie Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author. Shanghai General Hospital, No. 85 Wujin Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Papait A, Silini AR, Gazouli M, Malvicini R, Muraca M, O’Driscoll L, Pacienza N, Toh WS, Yannarelli G, Ponsaerts P, Parolini O, Eissner G, Pozzobon M, Lim SK, Giebel B. Perinatal derivatives: How to best validate their immunomodulatory functions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:981061. [PMID: 36185431 PMCID: PMC9518643 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.981061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal tissues, mainly the placenta and umbilical cord, contain a variety of different somatic stem and progenitor cell types, including those of the hematopoietic system, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), epithelial cells and amnion epithelial cells. Several of these perinatal derivatives (PnDs), as well as their secreted products, have been reported to exert immunomodulatory therapeutic and regenerative functions in a variety of pre-clinical disease models. Following experience with MSCs and their extracellular vesicle (EV) products, successful clinical translation of PnDs will require robust functional assays that are predictive for the relevant therapeutic potency. Using the examples of T cell and monocyte/macrophage assays, we here discuss several assay relevant parameters for assessing the immunomodulatory activities of PnDs. Furthermore, we highlight the need to correlate the in vitro assay results with preclinical or clinical outcomes in order to ensure valid predictions about the in vivo potency of therapeutic PnD cells/products in individual disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Papait
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ricardo Malvicini
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMeTTyB), Universidad Favaloro-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maurizio Muraca
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorraine O’Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natalia Pacienza
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMeTTyB), Universidad Favaloro-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gustavo Yannarelli
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica y Células Madre, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMeTTyB), Universidad Favaloro-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Günther Eissner
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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26
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Świerczek-Lasek B, Tolak L, Bijoch L, Stefaniuk M, Szpak P, Kalaszczynska I, Streminska W, Ciemerych MA, Archacka K. Comparison of Muscle Regeneration after BMSC-Conditioned Medium, Syngeneic, or Allogeneic BMSC Injection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182843. [PMID: 36139418 PMCID: PMC9497150 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years optimal treatment for dysfunctional skeletal muscle characterized, for example, by impaired or limited regeneration, has been searched. Among the crucial factors enabling its development is finding the appropriate source of cells, which could participate in tissue reconstruction or serve as an immunomodulating agent (limiting immune response as well as fibrosis, that is, connective tissue formation), after transplantation to regenerating muscles. MSCs, including those derived from bone marrow, are considered for such applications in terms of their immunomodulatory properties, as their naive myogenic potential is rather limited. Injection of autologous (syngeneic) or allogeneic BMSCs has been or is currently being tested and compared in many potential clinical treatments. In the present study, we verified which approach, that is, the transplantation of either syngeneic or allogeneic BMSCs or the injection of BMSC-conditioned medium, would be the most beneficial for skeletal muscle regeneration. To properly assess the influence of the tested treatments on the inflammation, the experiments were carried out using immunocompetent mice, which allowed us to observe immune response. Combined analysis of muscle histology, immune cell infiltration, and levels of selected chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors important for muscle regeneration, showed that muscle injection with BMSC-conditioned medium is the most beneficial strategy, as it resulted in reduced inflammation and fibrosis development, together with enhanced new fiber formation, which may be related to, i.e., elevated level of IGF-1. In contrast, transplantation of allogeneic BMSCs to injured muscles resulted in a visible increase in the immune response, which hindered regeneration by promoting connective tissue formation. In comparison, syngeneic BMSC injection, although not detrimental to muscle regeneration, did not result in such significant improvement as CM injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Świerczek-Lasek
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Tolak
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bijoch
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Stefaniuk
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Szpak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kalaszczynska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Władysława Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A. Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str. 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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27
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Zhou S, Cheing GLY, Cheung AKK. Role of exosomes and exosomal microRNA in muscle–Kidney crosstalk in chronic kidney disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:951837. [PMID: 36158193 PMCID: PMC9490178 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.951837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive damage of kidneys that can no longer serve the blood-filtering function, and is a life-threatening condition. Skeletal muscle wasting is a common complication of CKD. Yet the relationship between kidney and skeletal muscle in CKD remains unclear. Exosomes, a type of small membrane-bound vesicles released from cells to the extracellular environment, have increasingly received attention due to their potential as mediators of crosstalk between kidneys and different organs, including skeletal muscle. This mini-review summarizes the recent findings that point to the role of exosomes in the cross-talk between kidney and skeletal muscle in CKD. Understanding of the contents and the mechanism of exosome release may prone exosomes be the potential therapeutic targets for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongSAR, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gladys Lai Ying Cheing
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongSAR, China
- *Correspondence: Alex Kwok Kuen Cheung, ; Gladys Lai Ying Cheing,
| | - Alex Kwok Kuen Cheung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongSAR, China
- *Correspondence: Alex Kwok Kuen Cheung, ; Gladys Lai Ying Cheing,
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28
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Zhuang J, Hang R, Sun R, Ding Y, Yao X, Hang R, Sun H, Bai L. Multifunctional exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells for fulfilled osseointegration. Front Chem 2022; 10:984131. [PMID: 36072705 PMCID: PMC9441814 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.984131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation potential, and immune regulation function and are widely used for de novo bone formation. However, the wide variation in individual amplification, the potential risk of cancer cell contamination, and the need for culture time significantly limit their widespread use clinically. Alternatively, numerous studies have shown that exosomes secreted by BMSCs in the nanoscale can also affect the functionality of endothelial cells (angiogenesis), macrophages (immunomodulation), and osteoblasts/osteoclasts (osteogenesis), which is a highly promising therapy for osseointegration with pronounced advantages (e.g., safety, high efficiency, and no ethical restrictions). The review aims to summarize the multifaceted effect of BMSCs-derived exosomes on osseointegration and provide reference and basis for rapid and qualified osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiyue Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruoyue Sun
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanshu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Long Bai,
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China,Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Long Bai,
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29
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Sun Y, Luo Z, Chen Y, Lin J, Zhang Y, Qi B, Chen J. si-Tgfbr1-loading liposomes inhibit shoulder capsule fibrosis via mimicking the protective function of exosomes from patients with adhesive capsulitis. Biomater Res 2022; 26:39. [PMID: 35986376 PMCID: PMC9389696 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhesive capsulitis is a common shoulder disorder inducing joint capsule fibrosis and pain. When combined with rotator cuff tear (RCT), treatments can be more complex. Currently, targeted therapy is lacking. Since adhesive capsulitis is reported to be related to circulating materials, we analyzed the contents and biology of circulating exosomes from RCT patients with and without adhesive capsulitis, in an attempt to developing a targeting treatment. METHODS Samples from a consecutive cohort of patients with RCT for surgery were collected. Circulating exosomal miRNAs sequencing were used to detect differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with and without adhesive capsulitis. For experiments in vitro, Brdu staining, CCK-8 assay, wound healing test, collagen contraction test, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were conducted. Histological and immunofluorescent staining, and biomechanical analysis were applied in a mouse model of shoulder stiffness. The characteristics of liposomes loaded with siRNA were measured via dynamic light scattering or electron microscopy. RESULTS Circulating exosomal miRNAs sequencing showed that, compared to exosomes from patients without adhesive capsulitis, miR-142 was significantly up-regulated in exosomes from adhesive capsulitis (Exo-S). Both Exo-S and miR-142 could inhibit fibrogenesis, and the anti-fibrotic effect of Exo-S relied on miR-142. The target of miR-142 was proven to be transforming growth factor β receptor 1 (Tgfbr1). Then, liposomes were developed and loaded with si-Tgfbr1. The si-Tgfbr1-loading liposomes exhibited promising therapeutic effect against shoulder stiffness in mouse model with no evidence toxicity. CONCLUSION This study showed that, in RCT patients with adhesive capsulitis, circulating exosomes are protective and have anti-fibrotic potential. This effect is related to the contained miR-142, which targets Tgfbr1. By mimicking this biological function, liposomes loaded with si-Tgfbr1 can mitigate shoulder stiffness pre-clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beijie Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Wan R, Hussain A, Behfar A, Moran SL, Zhao C. The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073869. [PMID: 35409228 PMCID: PMC8998690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue defects are common following trauma and tumor extirpation. These injuries can result in poor functional recovery and lead to a diminished quality of life. The healing of skin and muscle is a complex process that, at present, leads to incomplete recovery and scarring. Regenerative medicine may offer the opportunity to improve the healing process and functional outcomes. Barriers to regenerative strategies have included cost, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cell-based therapies. In recent years, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, have gained tremendous attention in the field of soft tissue repair and regeneration. These nanosized extracellular particles (30-140 nm) can break the cellular boundaries, as well as facilitate intracellular signal delivery in various regenerative physiologic and pathologic processes. Existing studies have established the potential of exosomes in regenerating tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves through different mechanisms, including promoting myogenesis, increasing tenocyte differentiation and enhancing neurite outgrowth, and the proliferation of Schwann cells. These exosomes can be stored for immediate use in the operating room, and can be produced cost efficiently. In this article, we critically review the current advances of exosomes in soft tissue (tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves) healing. Additionally, new directions for clinical applications in the future will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Wan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Arif Hussain
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Steven L. Moran
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Chunfeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence:
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Qin HC, Luo ZW, Zhu YL. Physical energy-based ultrasound shifts M1 macrophage differentiation towards M2 state. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:214-218. [PMID: 35432733 PMCID: PMC8963378 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i2.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we read with interest the article entitled “Unveiling the Morphogenetic Code: A New Path at the Intersection of Physical Energies and Chemical Signaling”. In this paper, the investigation into the systematic and comprehensive bio-effects of physical energies prompted us to reflect on our research. We believe that ultrasound, which possesses a special physical energy, also has a certain positive regulatory effect on macrophages, and we have already obtained some preliminary research results that support our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Cheng Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yu-Lian Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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32
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Li X, Guan Y, Li C, Zhang T, Meng F, Zhang J, Li J, Chen S, Wang Q, Wang Y, Peng J, Tang J. Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral nerve injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:18. [PMID: 35033187 PMCID: PMC8760713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Various immune cells and cytokines are present in the aftermath of peripheral nerve injuries (PNI), and coordination of the local inflammatory response is of great significance for the recovery of PNI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory abilities which can accelerate tissue regeneration and attenuate inflammation, but the role of MSCs in the regulation of the local inflammatory microenvironment after PNI has not been widely studied. Here, we summarize the known interactions between MSCs, immune cells, and inflammatory cytokines following PNI with a focus on the immunosuppressive role of MSCs. We also discuss the immunomodulatory potential of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles as a new cell-free treatment for PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Li
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121099, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieyuan Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyang Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,The School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121099, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinshu Tang
- The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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Sehic E, Thorén E, Gudmundsdottir I, Oltean M, Brännström M, Hellström M. Mesenchymal stem cells establish a pro-regenerative immune milieu after decellularized rat uterus tissue transplantation. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221118858. [PMID: 36003955 PMCID: PMC9393937 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221118858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized tissue is generally considered immune privileged after transplantation and is an attractive scaffold type for tissue regeneration, including applications for infertility treatment. However, the immune response following transplantation of decellularized tissue is insufficiently studied, in particular after they have been recellularized with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, we replaced a large uterus segment with a bioengineered graft developed from decellularized uterus tissue and analyzed the immune response during the first 4 months in acellular or MSCs-recellularized scaffolds in the rat. Immunohistochemistry-stained infiltrating immune cells and plasma levels for 16 cytokines and chemokines were quantified. Results revealed that MSCs created an advantageous microenvironment by increasing anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 levels, and increasing the population of FOXP3+ TRegs and CD163+ M2 macrophages, and by reducing the CD8+ cytotoxic T cell population. Hence, MSCs should be considered an immunotherapeutic cell source with the ability to dictate regeneration success after decellularized tissue transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Sehic
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emy Thorén
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingigerdur Gudmundsdottir
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mihai Oltean
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Brännström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Stockholm IVF-EUGIN, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Hellström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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34
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Luo ZW, Sun YY, Lin JR, Qi BJ, Chen JW. Exosomes derived from inflammatory myoblasts promote M1 polarization and break the balance of myoblast proliferation/differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1762-1782. [PMID: 34909122 PMCID: PMC8641021 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute muscle injuries are one of the most common injuries in sports. Severely injured muscles are prone to re-injury due to fibrotic scar formation caused by prolonged inflammation. How to regulate inflammation and suppress fibrosis is the focus of promoting muscle healing. Recent studies have found that myoblasts and macrophages play important roles in the inflammatory phase following muscle injury; however, the crosstalk between these two types of cells in the inflammatory environment, particularly the exosome-related mechanisms, had not been well studied.
AIM To evaluate the effects of exosomes from inflammatory C2C12 myoblasts (IF-C2C12-Exos) on macrophage polarization and myoblast proliferation/differentiation.
METHODS A model of inflammation was established in vitro by lipopolysaccharide stimulation of myoblasts. C2C12-Exos were isolated and purified from the supernatant of myoblasts by gradient centrifugation. Multiple methods were used to identify the exosomes. Gradient concentrations of IF-C2C12-Exos were added to normal macrophages and myoblasts. PKH67 fluorescence tracing was used to identify the interaction between exosomes and cells. Microscopic morphology, Giemsa stain, and immunofluorescence were carried out for histological analysis. Additionally, ELISA assays, flow cytometry, and western blot were conducted to analyze molecular changes. Moreover, myogenic proliferation was assessed by the BrdU test, scratch assay, and CCK-8 assay.
RESULTS We found that the PKH-67-marked C2C12-Exos can be endocytosed by both macrophages and myoblasts. IF-C2C12-Exos induced M1 macrophage polarization and suppressed the M2 phenotype in vitro. In addition, these exosomes also stimulated the inflammatory reactions of macrophages. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IF-C2C12-Exos disrupted the balance of myoblast proliferation/differentiation, leading to enhanced proliferation and suppressed fibrogenic/myogenic differentiation.
CONCLUSION IF-C2C12-Exos can induce M1 polarization, resulting in a sustained and aggravated inflammatory environment that impairs myoblast differentiation, and leads to enhanced myogenic proliferation. These results demonstrate why prolonged inflammation occurs after acute muscle injury and provide a new target for the regulation of muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ya-Ying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jin-Rong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bei-Jie Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ji-Wu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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35
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The Therapeutic Effects of Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Scleroderma. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 19:141-150. [PMID: 34784013 PMCID: PMC8782977 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Scleroderma is a multisystem disease in which tissue fibrosis is caused by inflammation and vascular damage. The mortality of scleroderma has remained high due to a lack of effective treatments. However, exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs)-Ex have been regarded as potential treatments for various autoimmune diseases, and may also act as candidates for treating scleroderma. Methods: Mice with scleroderma received a single 50 μg HUMSCs-Ex. HUMSCs-Ex was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and nanoflow cytometry. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. Results: HUMSCs-Ex ameliorated the deposition of extracellular matrix and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, and the effects lasted at least three weeks. In addition, HUMSCs-Ex promoted M1 macrophage polarization and inhibited M2 macrophage polarization, leading to the restoration of the balance of M1/M2 macrophages. Conclusion: We investigated the potential antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of HUMSCs-Ex in a bleomycin-induced mouse model of scleroderma. So HUMSCs-Ex could be considered as a candidate therapy for scleroderma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13770-021-00405-5.
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Xia C, Shao L, Ma Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Shi C, Li H, Wang J. Ultrasound-Guided Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Adriamycin Nephropathy in Rats Through the RIPK3/MLKL and TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1003-1016. [PMID: 34486384 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) treatment has been shown to be beneficial for Adriamycin nephropathy (ADR). However, the low transplantation rate is still the key factor that affects this strategy. This study is the first to investigate the efficacy and potential mechanism of ultrasound-guided transrenal arterial transfer of BMSCs for the treatment of ADR in rats. The ADR rat model was established by two injections of doxorubicin. In addition, the rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats per group): the normal group (no treatment), the medium control group (treated with medium), the Adriamycin group (treated with phosphate buffer), and the BMSC group (treated with BMSCs). After 4 weeks, the levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine albumin (ALb) were measured. In addition, pathological changes in kidney tissue were evaluated by pathological sectioning and electron microscopy. Western blotting was used to determine the levels of proteins in rat kidneys. Ultrasound-guided renal artery transplantation of BMSCs reduced the levels of SCr, BUN, and ALb and improved the pathological structure of rat kidneys compared with those in the Adriamycin group. This treatment inhibited renal cell necrosis by reducing the expression of receptor-interacting Serine/threonine Kinase 3 (RIPK3) and Mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) and inhibited renal inflammation and fibrosis by reducing the expression of Toll-Like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Our study shows that ultrasound-guided transrenal artery transplantation of BMSCs can improve adriamycin-induced renal injury in rats by regulating the RIPK3/MLKL and TLR-4/NF-κB pathways and inhibiting renal necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjuan Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lishi Shao
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiqun Ma
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinghong Wang
- Department of Surgery, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Shi
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaping Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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37
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Sikora M, Śmieszek A, Marycz K. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs CD45 - /CD44 + /CD73 + /CD90 + ) isolated from osteoporotic mice SAM/P6 as a novel model for osteoporosis investigation. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6634-6651. [PMID: 34075722 PMCID: PMC8278098 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Available therapies aimed at treating age‐related osteoporosis are still insufficient. Therefore, designing reliable in vitro model for the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying senile osteoporosis is highly required. We have isolated and characterized progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow (BMSCs) of osteoporotic mice strain SAM/P6 (BMSCSAM/P6). The cytophysiology of BMSCSAM/P6 was for the first time compared with BMSCs isolated from healthy BALB/c mice (BMSCBALB/c). Characterization of the cells included evaluation of their multipotency, morphology and determination of specific phenotype. Viability of BMSCs cultures was determined in reference to apoptosis profile, metabolic activity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase activation. Additionally, expression of relevant biomarkers was determined with RT‐qPCR. Obtained results indicated that BMSCSAM/P6 and BMSCBALB/c show the typical phenotype of mesenchymal stromal cells (CD44+, CD73+, CD90+) and do not express CD45. Further, BMSCSAM/P6 were characterized by deteriorated multipotency, decreased metabolic activity and increased apoptosis occurrence, accompanied by elevated oxidative stress and mitochondria depolarisation. The transcriptome analyses showed that BMSCSAM/P6 are distinguished by lowered expression of molecules crucial for proper osteogenesis, including Coll‐1, Opg and Opn. However, the expression of Trap, DANCR1 and miR‐124‐3p was significantly up‐regulated. Obtained results show that BMSCSAM/P6 present features of progenitor cells with disturbed metabolism and could serve as appropriate model for in vitro investigation of age‐dependent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Sikora
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Śmieszek
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.,International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Poland
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Sandonà M, Di Pietro L, Esposito F, Ventura A, Silini AR, Parolini O, Saccone V. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Secretome: New Therapeutic Perspectives for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:652970. [PMID: 34095095 PMCID: PMC8172230 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells found in different tissues: bone marrow, peripheral blood, adipose tissues, skeletal muscle, perinatal tissues, and dental pulp. MSCs are able to self-renew and to differentiate into multiple lineages, and they have been extensively used for cell therapy mostly owing to their anti-fibrotic and immunoregulatory properties that have been suggested to be at the basis for their regenerative capability. MSCs exert their effects by releasing a variety of biologically active molecules such as growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, either as soluble proteins or enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Analyses of MSC-derived secretome and in particular studies on EVs are attracting great attention from a medical point of view due to their ability to mimic all the therapeutic effects produced by the MSCs (i.e., endogenous tissue repair and regulation of the immune system). MSC-EVs could be advantageous compared with the parental cells because of their specific cargo containing mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins that can be biologically transferred to recipient cells. MSC-EV storage, transfer, and production are easier; and their administration is also safer than MSC therapy. The skeletal muscle is a very adaptive tissue, but its regenerative potential is altered during acute and chronic conditions. Recent works demonstrate that both MSCs and their secretome are able to help myofiber regeneration enhancing myogenesis and, interestingly, can be manipulated as a novel strategy for therapeutic interventions in muscular diseases like muscular dystrophies or atrophy. In particular, MSC-EVs represent promising candidates for cell free-based muscle regeneration. In this review, we aim to give a complete picture of the therapeutic properties and advantages of MSCs and their products (MSC-derived EVs and secreted factors) relevant for skeletal muscle regeneration in main muscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sandonà
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Ventura
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca "E. Menni", Fondazione Poliambulanza - Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Saccone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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39
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Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome as Conditioned Medium Relieves Experimental Skeletal Muscle Damage Induced by Ex Vivo Eccentric Contraction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073645. [PMID: 33807453 PMCID: PMC8036477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may offer promise for skeletal muscle repair/regeneration. Growing evidence suggests that the mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of such cells in muscle tissue reside in their ability to secrete bioactive molecules (secretome) with multiple actions. Hence, we examined the effects of MSC secretome as conditioned medium (MSC-CM) on ex vivo murine extensor digitorum longus muscle injured by forced eccentric contraction (EC). By combining morphological (light and confocal laser scanning microscopies) and electrophysiological analyses we demonstrated the capability of MSC-CM to attenuate EC-induced tissue structural damages and sarcolemnic functional properties’ modifications. MSC-CM was effective in protecting myofibers from apoptosis, as suggested by a reduced expression of pro-apoptotic markers, cytochrome c and activated caspase-3, along with an increase in the expression of pro-survival AKT factor. Notably, MSC-CM also reduced the EC-induced tissue redistribution and extension of telocytes/CD34+ stromal cells, distinctive cells proposed to play a “nursing” role for the muscle resident myogenic satellite cells (SCs), regarded as the main players of regeneration. Moreover, it affected SC functionality likely contributing to replenishment of the SC reservoir. This study provides the necessary groundwork for further investigation of the effects of MSC secretome in the setting of skeletal muscle injury and regenerative medicine.
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