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Characterization of Uropathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Serotypes, Resistance Phenotypes, and Virulence Genotypes. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of urinary tract infections. This organism has extended resistance to antimicrobials along with multiple virulence factors, making it difficult to treat. In this study, 49 isolates from urine samples were identified as P. aeruginosa and serotyped by the slide agglutination method. The sensitivity of isolates against 10 antipseudomonal drugs was determined. Phenotypically, lipase, protease, hemolysin, and biofilm production were detected. Genes for the type III secretion system, elastase B, and exotoxin A were detected by PCR. Serotype O11 was the most predominant serotype among test isolates. High levels of resistance were observed against ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin, and piperacillin/tazobactam while 10.2% of isolates were resistant to amikacin. MDR was detected in 20.4% of the isolates and was significantly associated with strong biofilm producers. About 95.9% and 63.3% of P. aeruginosa isolates had proteolytic and lipolytic activity, respectively. Among the genes detected, the exoY gene was the most prevalent gene (79.6%), while the exoU gene was the least frequent one (10.2%). toxA and lasB genes were amplified in 63.27% and 75.5% of the isolates, respectively. In addition, the exoU gene was significantly associated with MDR isolates. The high incidence of exoS, exoT, exoY, lasB, and toxA genes in uropathogenic P. aeruginosa implies that these genes can be considered markers for virulent isolates. Furthermore, the coexistence of exoU and exoS genes, even in 6% of isolates, poses a significant treatment challenge because those isolates possess both the invasive and cytotoxic properties of both effector proteins.
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Kaszab E, Radó J, Kriszt B, Pászti J, Lesinszki V, Szabó A, Tóth G, Khaledi A, Szoboszlay S. Groundwater, soil and compost, as possible sources of virulent and antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:848-860. [PMID: 31736330 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1691719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major public health concern all around the world. In the frame of this work, a set of diverse environmental P. aeruginosa isolates with various antibiotic resistance profiles were examined in a Galleria mellonella virulence model. Motility, serotypes, virulence factors and biofilm-forming ability were also examined. Molecular types were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Based on our results, the majority of environmental isolates were virulent in the G. mellonella test and twitching showed a positive correlation with mortality. Resistance against several antibiotic agents such as Imipenem correlated with a lower virulence in the applied G. mellonella model. PFGE revealed that five examined environmental isolates were closely related to clinically detected pulsed-field types. Our study demonstrated that industrial wastewater effluents, composts, and hydrocarbon-contaminated sites should be considered as hot spots of high-risk clones of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Kaszab
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Júlia Radó
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kriszt
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Judit Pászti
- Department of Phage Typing and Molecular Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virág Lesinszki
- Department of Phage Typing and Molecular Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adám Szabó
- Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Molecular Bacteriology TWINCORE, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ariane Khaledi
- Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sándor Szoboszlay
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
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Virulence genotyping of drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Egypt using multiplex PCR. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bel Hadj Ahmed A, Salah Abbassi M, Rojo-Bezares B, Ruiz-Roldán L, Dhahri R, Mehri I, Sáenz Y, Hassen A. Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various environmental niches: New STs and occurrence of antibiotic susceptible "high-risk clones". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:643-652. [PMID: 31094221 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1616080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial phenotypes, major virulence factors, and the molecular typing of 66 P. aeruginosa isolates collected from various sources: human patients and hospital environment, raw milk, poultry meat, chicken/sheep fecal samples, wastewater, thermal water, and seawater. All isolates, except one, were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. exoA, lasB, rhlR, and lasR genes were harbored by 60 isolates. Forty-six, 18, and 2 isolates amplified exoS, exoU, and exoS+exoU genes, respectively. Twenty-one isolates showed high elastase and pigment production. The PFGE typing identified 26 pulsotypes. Some pulsotypes included isolates from different environmental niches and areas. Twelve selected isolates were typed by MLST and eight different STs were found, three of them were new. Our results highlighted the dissemination of some clones amongst different settings and the occurrence of antibiotic susceptible 'high-risk clones' that might be very harmful when acquiring genes encoding antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Bel Hadj Ahmed
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Salah Abbassi
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Beatriz Rojo-Bezares
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz-Roldán
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Rabii Dhahri
- Service de rééducation physique et réadaptation fonctionelle, Complexe Sanitaire de Jebel Ouest , Zaghouan, Tunisie
| | - Ines Mehri
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
| | - Yolanda Sáenz
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
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Abdelhady ASM, Darwish NM, Abdel-Rahman SM, Abo El Magd NM. The combined antimicrobial activity of citrus honey and fosfomycin on multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. AIMS Microbiol 2020; 6:162-175. [PMID: 32617448 PMCID: PMC7326728 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) have become a real fear in hospital-acquired infections, especially in critically ill and immunocompromised patients. Thus, advance of novel anti-infectives is currently pursued. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of each of citrus honey and fosfomycin in comparison to the combined effect of both of them on multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa. 50 MDR P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for the antibacterial effect of citrus honey. Screening for potential synergistic activity of fosfomycin and honey combinations by E test. Molecular detection of the virulent exoenzyme U (exoU) genotype by conventional PCR was done. The present study found that 50 % (v/v) concentration of citrus honey was sufficient to inhibit the growth of most isolates (33/50, 66%). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for fosfomycin tested by E test was found to be >128 µg/mL in 50(100%) of MDR P. aeruginosa isolates but after repeating E test with Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) containing sublethal concentration of citrus honey (29/50,58%) isolates were sensitive. Also, there was a significant correlation between the presence of exoU gene and positive synergy of citrus honey-fosfomycin combination. This study showed that citrus honey has antibacterial effect and synergy with fosfomycin antibiotic against MDR P. aeruginosa isolates. Also, exoU positive genotype is associated with MDR phenotype. In conclusion, our results revealed that the citrus honey-fosfomycin combination showed highly statistically significant effect on MDR P. aeruginosa fosfomycin susceptibility pattern. exoU positive P. aeruginosa isolates were detected mostly in burn unit and ICUs. Also, there was a statistically significant correlation between the presence of exoU gene and positive result of honey-fosfomycin combination E test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Saied M Abdelhady
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nebal Medhat Darwish
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Abo El Magd
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hasannejad-Bibalan M, Jafari A, Sabati H, Goswami R, Jafaryparvar Z, Sedaghat F, Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie H. Risk of type III secretion systems in burn patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burns 2020; 47:538-544. [PMID: 32532479 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is multifactorial and attributed to the production of several cell-associated and extracellular virulence factors including those implicated in adherence, iron uptake, exoenzymes (Exo) and exotoxins. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of type III secretion systems (T3SS) effectors in Iranian burn patients with P. aeruginosa wound infection. METHODS A systematic search was conducted to identify papers published by Iranian authors in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar electronic databases during the period of January, 2000 to December, 2018. Publications which met our inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and analysis by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. The inclusion criteria were articles that include burn patients with a wound infection caused by P. aeruginosa, and reported the prevalence of aimed exoenzymes. RESULTS Ten publications were selected out of 15 full-text reviewed articles with the inclusion criteria. Of ten studies, the pooled prevalence of ExoS producing isolates was estimated at 57.1% (95% CI: 40.3-72.5%). Five studies reported the prevalence of ExoU and ExoT, from which, the pooled prevalence of ExoU and ExoT producing isolates was estimated at 51.4% (95% CI: 31.4-70.9%) and 86.4% (95% CI: 48.1-97.8%), respectively. Four studies reported the prevalence of ExoY, from which, the pooled prevalence of ExoY producing isolates was estimated at 79.0% (95% CI: 48.6-93.8%). CONCLUSION Our results showed a remarkable prevalence of T3SS-positive genotype in patients with burn injuries. These findings provided attractive targets for new therapeutic strategies for burn patients who were infected with cytotoxin-producing P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Urology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hoda Sabati
- Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rajendra Goswami
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zakiyeh Jafaryparvar
- Razi Clinical Research Development Unit, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sedaghat
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hadi Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie
- Razi Clinical Research Development Unit, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Hassuna NA, Mandour SA, Mohamed ES. Virulence Constitution of Multi-Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Upper Egypt. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:587-595. [PMID: 32110069 PMCID: PMC7036984 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s233694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major health-care problem. In this study, we explored the epidemiology of virulence determinants among multi-drug-resistant (MDR) clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from hospitalized patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units in Upper Egypt. Patients and Methods MDR P. aeruginosa isolates were screened for the presence of eight virulence factors and typed by ERIC-PCR. Results A total of 39 clinical MDR isolates were selected out of 173 isolated P. aeruginosa showing a combination of adhesion and cytotoxicity virulence patterns, with the detection of aprA, exoU, exoS, lasB, algD, toxA in 74.3%, 58.9%, 46.1%, 41.2%, 30.7%, 20.5% of the isolates, respectively. The MDR isolates were grouped into 13 different virulence profiles according to the pattern of virulence gene distribution. exoU genotype was more predominant among the P. aeruginosa isolates with more than 48% of the isolates harboring this gene alone, 7% harboring both exoU and exoS and 43.5% harboring exoS gene. An intermediate degree of diversity was detected by ERIC-PCR typing where the isolates were clustered in 7 major groups, indicating possible cross-infection within the hospital. Conclusion Our results highlight the increased frequency of virulent P. aeruginosa isolates with a shift to the more virulent cytotoxic exoU genotype. Further hospital infection-control measures are mandatory to control the hospital cross-transmission of these highly virulent isolates. This study could vastly be a help to develop efficient treatment policies against P. aeruginosa induced ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Hassuna
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Mandour
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ebtisam Samir Mohamed
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Javanmardi F, Emami A, Pirbonyeh N, Keshavarzi A, Rajaee M. A systematic review and meta-analysis on Exo-toxins prevalence in hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 75:104037. [PMID: 31518698 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is an opportunistic pathogen that produces widespread and often overwhelming infections. Among different virulence factors, toxins are important bacterial agent which increases PA pathogenesis especially in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of exotoxin production in PA isolates in the world. Also according to the importance of drug resistance in isolates with more pathogenicity this estimation was conducted in resistant isolates. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in international database like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase up to December 2018. Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist was used to evaluate the quality assessment of studies. Random effect model was applied to pool the prevalence data. Stata 13 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Total of 58 eligible studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were selected for qualitative synthesis. Among exotoxins; the highest prevalence was related to exoT (0.83 (CI95%: 0.64-0.96)). Lowest prevalence rate was seen in exoU with estimated prevalence 0.32 (CI95%: 0.24-0.41). In Carbapenem resistance isolates exoA and exoT had the highest prevalence (1.00 (CI95%: 0.98-1.00)). CONCLUSION This first meta-analysis on PA isolates with toxin potency indicated high prevalence of exotoxin production in clinical isolates of PA which is an alarming point as a clinical aspect. It was found that the ExoT has the most prevalence rate among toxins. The results of simultaneous evaluation of exotoxins and antimicrobial resistance can develop treatment policies against PA infections in hospitals and hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Javanmardi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Microbiology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Emami
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Microbiology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Neda Pirbonyeh
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Microbiology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Surgical Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Rajaee
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Microbiology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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High frequency of the exoU+/exoS+ genotype associated with multidrug-resistant "high-risk clones" of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from Peruvian hospitals. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10874. [PMID: 31350412 PMCID: PMC6659710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The type III secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important virulence factor contributing to the cytotoxicity and the invasion process of this microorganism. The current study aimed to determine the presence of the exoU+/exoS+ genotype in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. The presence of exoS, exoT, exoU and exoY was determined in 189 P. aeruginosa by PCR, and the presence/absence of exoU was analysed according to source infection, clonal relationships, biofilm formation, motility and antimicrobial susceptibility. The gyrA, parC, oprD, efflux pump regulators and β-lactamases genes were also analysed by PCR/sequencing. The exoS, exoT and exoY genes were found in 100% of the isolates. Meanwhile, exoU was present in 43/189 (22.8%) of the isolates, being significantly associated with multidrug resistance, extensively drug resistance as well as with higher level quinolone resistance. However, the presence of β-lactamases, mutations in gyrA and parC, and relevant modifications in efflux pumps and OprD were not significantly associated with exoU+ isolates. MLST analysis of a subset of 25 isolates showed 8 different STs displaying the exoU+/exoS+ genotype. The MDR basis of the exoU+ isolates remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, the clinical implications and spread of exoU+/exoS+ P. aeruginosa isolates need to be established.
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