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Hosseinkhani H, Domb AJ, Sharifzadeh G, Nahum V. Gene Therapy for Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:856. [PMID: 36986717 PMCID: PMC10057434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biological methods over the past decade has stimulated great interest in the possibility to regenerate human tissues. Advances in stem cell research, gene therapy, and tissue engineering have accelerated the technology in tissue and organ regeneration. However, despite significant progress in this area, there are still several technical issues that must be addressed, especially in the clinical use of gene therapy. The aims of gene therapy include utilising cells to produce a suitable protein, silencing over-producing proteins, and genetically modifying and repairing cell functions that may affect disease conditions. While most current gene therapy clinical trials are based on cell- and viral-mediated approaches, non-viral gene transfection agents are emerging as potentially safe and effective in the treatment of a wide variety of genetic and acquired diseases. Gene therapy based on viral vectors may induce pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Therefore, significant efforts are being invested in non-viral vectors to enhance their efficiency to a level comparable to the viral vector. Non-viral technologies consist of plasmid-based expression systems containing a gene encoding, a therapeutic protein, and synthetic gene delivery systems. One possible approach to enhance non-viral vector ability or to be an alternative to viral vectors would be to use tissue engineering technology for regenerative medicine therapy. This review provides a critical view of gene therapy with a major focus on the development of regenerative medicine technologies to control the in vivo location and function of administered genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Innovation Center for Advanced Technology, Matrix, Inc., New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ghorbanali Sharifzadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Victoria Nahum
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Zhu Y, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Shekh MI, Zhang J, You Z, Du B, Lian C, He Q. Novel nanofibrous membrane-supporting stem cell sheets for plasmid delivery and cell activation to accelerate wound healing. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10244. [PMID: 35111946 PMCID: PMC8780893 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of biomaterials with cells for high overall performances is vitally important in tissue engineering, as scaffold-free cell sheet lacks enough mechanical performance and cell viability while cell-free scaffold possesses limited biological functions. In this study, we propose a new strategy to strengthen cell sheets and enhance cell activity for accelerating wound healing based on a novel sandwich structure of cell sheet-plasmid@membrane-cell sheet (CpMC). Specifically, the CpMC contains two adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets on outer surfaces and an electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous membrane (NFM) encapsulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmids in between. The physicochemical properties of NFM including swelling, stiffness, strength, elasticity, and biodegradation can be tailored by simply adjusting the ratio between gelatin and chitosan to be 7:3 which is optimal for most effectively supporting ADSCs adhesion and proliferation. The swelling/biodegradation of NFM mediates the sustained release of encapsulated VEGF plasmids into adjacent ADSCs, and NFM assists VEGF plasmids to promote the differentiation of ADSCs into endothelial, epidermal, and fibroblast cells, in support of the neoangiogenesis and regeneration of cutaneous tissues within 2 weeks. The proposed membrane-supporting cell sheet strategy provides a new route to tissue engineering, and the developed CpMC demonstrates a high potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National‐Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yuqi Liao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Mehdihasan I. Shekh
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety EvaluationShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Jianhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Ziyang You
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Bing Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety EvaluationShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Cuihong Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti‐ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology & Genetics, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Qianjun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National‐Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
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Hosseini V, Maroufi NF, Saghati S, Asadi N, Darabi M, Ahmad SNS, Hosseinkhani H, Rahbarghazi R. Current progress in hepatic tissue regeneration by tissue engineering. J Transl Med 2019; 17:383. [PMID: 31752920 PMCID: PMC6873477 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver, as a vital organ, is responsible for a wide range of biological functions to maintain homeostasis and any type of damages to hepatic tissue contributes to disease progression and death. Viral infection, trauma, carcinoma, alcohol misuse and inborn errors of metabolism are common causes of liver diseases are a severe known reason for leading to end-stage liver disease or liver failure. In either way, liver transplantation is the only treatment option which is, however, hampered by the increasing scarcity of organ donor. Over the past years, considerable efforts have been directed toward liver regeneration aiming at developing new approaches and methodologies to enhance the transplantation process. These approaches include producing decellularized scaffolds from the liver organ, 3D bio-printing system, and nano-based 3D scaffolds to simulate the native liver microenvironment. The application of small molecules and micro-RNAs and genetic manipulation in favor of hepatic differentiation of distinct stem cells could also be exploited. All of these strategies will help to facilitate the application of stem cells in human medicine. This article reviews the most recent strategies to generate a high amount of mature hepatocyte-like cells and updates current knowledge on liver regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Hosseini
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nahideh Asadi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Darabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazari Soltan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Hosseinkhani H, Domb AJ. Biodegradable polymers in gene‐silencing technology. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- School of Pharmacy‐Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Alex Grass Center for drug Design and SynthesisThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
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Abedini F, Ebrahimi M, Roozbehani AH, Domb AJ, Hosseinkhani H. Overview on natural hydrophilic polysaccharide polymers in drug delivery. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abedini
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Hesarak Karaj Alborz Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahimi
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Hesarak Karaj Alborz Iran
| | | | - Abraham J. Domb
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Alex Grass Center for drug Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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Yin PT, Han E, Lee KB. Engineering Stem Cells for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:10-55. [PMID: 25772134 PMCID: PMC5810416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by a number of useful properties, including their ability to migrate, differentiate, and secrete a variety of therapeutic molecules such as immunomodulatory factors. As such, numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have utilized stem cell-based therapies and demonstrated their tremendous potential for the treatment of various human diseases and disorders. Recently, efforts have focused on engineering stem cells in order to further enhance their innate abilities as well as to confer them with new functionalities, which can then be used in various biomedical applications. These engineered stem cells can take on a number of forms. For instance, engineered stem cells encompass the genetic modification of stem cells as well as the use of stem cells for gene delivery, nanoparticle loading and delivery, and even small molecule drug delivery. The present Review gives an in-depth account of the current status of engineered stem cells, including potential cell sources, the most common methods used to engineer stem cells, and the utilization of engineered stem cells in various biomedical applications, with a particular focus on tissue regeneration, the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry T Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Edward Han
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Yu X, Murphy WL. 3-D Scaffold Platform for Optimized Non-viral Transfection of Multipotent Stem Cells. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:8186-8193. [PMID: 25541592 PMCID: PMC4273581 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00957f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of non-viral gene delivery from biomaterials is of critical importance, as several material parameters are known to influence non-viral transfection efficiency. A series of previous studies have achieved screening of gene delivery vectors on two dimensional (2D) substrates, which have direct relevance to cell culture applications. There is an additional need to create screening systems that are 3-dimensional (3D), and can thus be applied to emerging tissue engineering applications. Here, we report an enhanced throughput, 3D scaffold platform to screen for the influence of mineral coating properties on stem cell transfection. Mineral coatings with a range of physicochemical properties were formed on the scaffolds within a 96-well plate format, while maintaining an interconnected macroporous scaffold structure. A series of general gene delivery parameters, including plasmid amount, N/P ratio, and cell density, were efficiently screened in scaffolds using a luciferase-encoding plasmid as a reporter. In addition, human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) transfection with a plasmid encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was successfully optimized by screening a library of mineral coatings, resulting in over 5-fold increases in BMP-2 production when compared to standard techniques. Notably, the majority of BMP-2 was incorporated into the mineral coating following secretion from the cells. The 3D mineral coated scaffold platform described here may accelerate gene delivery optimization and improve the predictability of the screening systems, which could facilitate translation of gene delivery to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - W. L. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- AO Foundation Collaborative Research Center, Davos, Switzerland
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Hosseinkhani H, Abedini F, Ou KL, Domb AJ. Polymers in gene therapy technology. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Fatemeh Abedini
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Karaj Alborz IRAN
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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Development of 3D in vitro technology for medical applications. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17938-62. [PMID: 25299693 PMCID: PMC4227198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, biomaterials technologies together with significant efforts on developing biology have revolutionized the process of engineered materials. Three dimensional (3D) in vitro technology aims to develop set of tools that are simple, inexpensive, portable and robust that could be commercialized and used in various fields of biomedical sciences such as drug discovery, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine. The proliferation of cells in the 3D scaffold needs an oxygen and nutrition supply. 3D scaffold materials should provide such an environment for cells living in close proximity. 3D scaffolds that are able to regenerate or restore tissue and/or organs have begun to revolutionize medicine and biomedical science. Scaffolds have been used to support and promote the regeneration of tissues. Different processing techniques have been developed to design and fabricate three dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering implants. Throughout the chapters we discuss in this review, we inform the reader about the potential applications of different 3D in vitro systems that can be applied for fabricating a wider range of novel biomaterials for use in tissue engineering.
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He W, Hosseinkhani H, Mohammadinejad R, Roveimiab Z, Hueng DY, Ou KL, Domb AJ. Polymeric nanoparticles for therapy and imaging. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie He
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Nanomedicine Research Center of Taiwan, Research Center for Biomedical devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, and Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital; Taipei 110 Taiwan
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Ziba Roveimiab
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Biochemistry; National Defense Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei 114 Taiwan
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Nanomedicine Research Center of Taiwan, Research Center for Biomedical devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, and Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital; Taipei 110 Taiwan
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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Galactosylated collagen matrix enhanced in vitro maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:1095-106. [PMID: 24563289 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their important biomedical applications, functional human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (hESC-HLCs) are an attractive topic in the field of stem cell differentiation. Here, we have initially differentiated hESCs into functional hepatic endoderm (HE) and continued the differentiation by replating them onto galactosylated collagen (GC) and collagen matrices. The differentiation of hESC-HE cells into HLCs on GC substrate showed significant up-regulation of hepatic-specific genes such as ALB, HNF4α, CYP3A4, G6P, and ASGR1. There was more albumin secretion and urea synthesis, as well as more cytochrome p450 activity, in differentiated HLCs on GC compared to the collagen-coated substrate. These results suggested that GC substrate has the potential to be used for in vitro maturation of hESC-HLCs.
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Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging discipline that combines engineering principles and the biological sciences toward the development of functional replacement tissue. Virtually every tissue in the body has been investigated and tremendous advances have been made in many areas. This article focuses on the gastrointestinal tract and reviews the current status of bioengineering gastrointestinal tissues, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. Although progress has been achieved, there continues to be significant challenges that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Penkala
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Dahl M, Jørgensen NR, Hørberg M, Pinholt EM. Carriers in mesenchymal stem cell osteoblast mineralization—State-of-the-art. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2014; 42:41-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2013.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Gardel LS, Serra LA, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Use of perfusion bioreactors and large animal models for long bone tissue engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2013; 20:126-46. [PMID: 23924374 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) strategies for generation of new bone tissue includes the combined use of autologous or heterologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and three-dimensional (3D) scaffold materials serving as structural support for the cells, that develop into tissue-like substitutes under appropriate in vitro culture conditions. This approach is very important due to the limitations and risks associated with autologous, as well as allogenic bone grafiting procedures currently used. However, the cultivation of osteoprogenitor cells in 3D scaffolds presents several challenges, such as the efficient transport of nutrient and oxygen and removal of waste products from the cells in the interior of the scaffold. In this context, perfusion bioreactor systems are key components for bone TERM, as many recent studies have shown that such systems can provide dynamic environments with enhanced diffusion of nutrients and therefore, perfusion can be used to generate grafts of clinically relevant sizes and shapes. Nevertheless, to determine whether a developed tissue-like substitute conforms to the requirements of biocompatibility, mechanical stability and safety, it must undergo rigorous testing both in vitro and in vivo. Results from in vitro studies can be difficult to extrapolate to the in vivo situation, and for this reason, the use of animal models is often an essential step in the testing of orthopedic implants before clinical use in humans. This review provides an overview of the concepts, advantages, and challenges associated with different types of perfusion bioreactor systems, particularly focusing on systems that may enable the generation of critical size tissue engineered constructs. Furthermore, this review discusses some of the most frequently used animal models, such as sheep and goats, to study the in vivo functionality of bone implant materials, in critical size defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro S Gardel
- 1 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho , Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
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Parhiz H, Shier WT, Ramezani M. From rationally designed polymeric and peptidic systems to sophisticated gene delivery nano-vectors. Int J Pharm 2013; 457:237-59. [PMID: 24060371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lack of safe, efficient and controllable methods for delivering therapeutic genes appears to be the most important factor preventing human gene therapy. Safety issues encountered with viral vectors have prompted substantial attention to in vivo investigations with non-viral vectors throughout the past decade. However, developing non-viral vectors with effectiveness comparable to viral ones has been a challenge. The strategy of designing multifunctional synthetic carriers targeting several extracellular and intracellular barriers in the gene transfer pathway has emerged as a promising approach to improving the efficacy of gene delivery systems. This review will explain how sophisticated synthetic vectors can be created by combining conventional polycationic vectors such as polyethylenimine and basic amino acid peptides with additional polymers and peptides that are designed to overcome potential barriers to the gene delivery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Parhiz
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
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Dynamics of PEGylated-dextran-spermine nanoparticles for gene delivery to leukemic cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:841-53. [PMID: 23615733 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Leukemic cells are hard-to-transfect cell lines. Many transfection reagents which can provide high gene transfer efficiency in common adherent cell lines are not effective to transfect established blood cell lines or primary leukemic cells. This study aims to examine a new class of cationic polymer non-viral vector, PEGylated-dextran-spermine (PEG-D-SPM), to determine its ability to transfect the leukemic cells. Here, the optimal conditions of the complex preparation (PEG-D-SPM/plasmid DNA (pDNA)) were examined. Different weight-mixing (w/w) ratios of PEG-D-SPM/pDNA complex were prepared to obtain an ideal mixing ratio to protect encapsulated pDNA from DNase degradation and to determine the optimal transfection efficiency of the complex. Strong complexation between polymer and pDNA in agarose gel electrophoresis and protection of pDNA from DNase were detected at ratios from 25 to 15. Highest gene expression was detected at w/w ratio of 18 in HL60 and K562 cells. However, gene expression from both leukemic cell lines was lower than the control MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxicity of PEG-D-SPM/pDNA complex at the most optimal mixing ratios was tested in HL60 and K562 cells using MTS assay and the results showed that the PEG-D-SPM/pDNA complex had no cytotoxic effect on these cell lines. Spherical shape and nano-nature of PEG-D-SPM/pDNA complex at ratio 18 was observed using transmission electron microscopy. As PEG-D-SPM showed modest transfection efficiency in the leukemic cell lines, we conclude that further work is needed to improve the delivery efficiency of the PEG-D-SPM.
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Hosseinkhani H, Hong PD, Yu DS. Self-assembled proteins and peptides for regenerative medicine. Chem Rev 2013; 113:4837-61. [PMID: 23547530 DOI: 10.1021/cr300131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech), Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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Coccia M. Cartilage tissue engineering with chondrogeneic cells versus artificial joint replacement: the insurgence of new technological paradigms. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12553-012-0032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abedini F, Hosseinkhani H, Ismail M, Domb AJ, Omar AR, Chong PP, Hong PD, Yu DS, Farber IY. Cationized dextran nanoparticle-encapsulated CXCR4-siRNA enhanced correlation between CXCR4 expression and serum alkaline phosphatase in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4159-68. [PMID: 22888250 PMCID: PMC3415322 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s29823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The failure of colorectal cancer treatments is partly due to overexpression of CXCR4 by tumor cells, which plays a critical role in cell metastasis. Moreover, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels are frequently elevated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A polysaccharide, dextran, was chosen as the vector of siRNA. Spermine was conjugated to oxidized dextran by reductive amination process to obtain cationized dextran, so-called dextran-spermine, in order to prepare CXCR4-siRNAs/dextran-spermine nanoparticles. The fabricated nanoparticles were used in order to investigate whether downregulation of CXCR4 expression could affect serum ALP in mouse models of colorectal cancer. Methods: Colorectal cancer was established in BALB/C mice following injection of mouse colon carcinoma cells CT.26WT through the tail vein. CXCR4 siRNA for two sites of the target gene was administered following injection of naked siRNA or siRNA encapsulated into nanoparticles. Results: In vivo animal data revealed that CXCR4 silencing by dextran-spermine nanoparticles significantly downregulated CXCR4 expression compared with naked CXCR4 siRNA. Furthermore, there was correlation between CXCR4 expression and serum ALP. Conclusion: CXCR4 siRNA/dextran-spermine nanoparticles appear to be highly effective, and may be suitable for further in vivo applications. Further research evaluation will be needed to determine the effect of CXCR4 silencing on serum ALP levels, which may be a useful marker to predict liver metastasis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abedini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hosseinkhani H, Hong PD, Yu DS, Chen YR, Ickowicz D, Farber IY, Domb AJ. Development of 3D in vitro platform technology to engineer mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3035-43. [PMID: 22802680 PMCID: PMC3396353 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s30434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop a three-dimensional in vitro culture system to genetically engineer mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to express bone morphogenic protein-2. We employed nanofabrication technologies borrowed from the spinning industry, such as electrospinning, to mass-produce identical building blocks in a variety of shapes and sizes to fabricate electrospun nanofiber sheets comprised of composites of poly (glycolic acid) and collagen. Homogenous nanoparticles of cationic biodegradable natural polymer were formed by simple mixing of an aqueous solution of plasmid DNA encoded bone morphogenic protein-2 with the same volume of cationic polysaccharide, dextran-spermine. Rat bone marrow MSC were cultured on electrospun nanofiber sheets comprised of composites of poly (glycolic acid) and collagen prior to the incorporation of the nanoparticles into the nanofiber sheets. Bone morphogenic protein-2 was significantly detected in MSC cultured on nanofiber sheets incorporated with nanoparticles after 2 days compared with MSC cultured on nanofiber sheets incorporated with naked plasmid DNA. We conclude that the incorporation of nanoparticles into nanofiber sheets is a very promising strategy to genetically engineer MSC and can be used for further applications in regenerative medicine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (TAIWANTECH), Taipei, Taiwan.
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Santhagunam A, Madeira C, Cabral JMS. Genetically engineered stem cell-based strategies for articular cartilage regeneration. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2012; 59:121-31. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Fabrication and characterization of a new MRI contrast agent based on a magnetic dextran–spermine nanoparticle system. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-012-0027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhu Y, Liu T, Ye H, Song K, Ma X, Cui Z. Enhancement of adipose-derived stem cell differentiation in scaffolds with IGF-I gene impregnation under dynamic microenvironment. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 19:1547-56. [PMID: 20408758 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical and mechanical signals enabling cardiac regeneration can be elucidated by using in vitro tissue engineering models. We hypothesized that human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and 3-dimensional (3D) dynamic microenvironment could enhance the survival and differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). In this study, ADSCs were cultured on 3D porous scaffolds with or without plasmid DNA PIRES2-IGF-I in cardiac media, in static culture dishes, and in a spinning flask bioreactor, respectively. Cell viability, formation of cardiac-like structure, expression of functional proteins, and gene expressions were tested in the cultured constructs on day 14. The results showed that dynamic microenvironment enhanced the release of plasmid DNA; the ADSCs can be transfected by the released plasmid DNA PIRES2-IGF-I in scaffold. IGF-I showed beneficial effects on cellular viability and increase of total protein and also increased the expressions of cardiac-specific proteins and genes in the grafts. It was also demonstrated that dynamic stirring environment could promote the proliferation of ADSCs. Therefore, IGF-I, expressed by ADSCs transfected by DNA PIRES2-IGF-I incorporated into scaffold, and hydrodynamic microenvironment can independently and interactively increase cellular viability and interactively increase the expression of cardiac-specific proteins and genes in the grafts. The results would be useful for developing tissue-engineered grafts for myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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24
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Holladay C, Keeney M, Newland B, Mathew A, Wang W, Pandit A. A reliable method for detecting complexed DNA in vitro. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2718-2723. [PMID: 20835447 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of eluted nucleic acids is a critical parameter in characterizing biomaterial based gene-delivery systems. The most commonly used method is to assay samples with an intercalating fluorescent dye such as PicoGreen®. However, this technique was developed for unbound DNA and the current trend in gene delivery is to condense DNA with transfection reagents, which interfere with intercalation. Here, for the first time, the DNA was permanently labeled with the fluorescent dye Cy5 prior to complexation, an alternative technique hypothesized to allow quantification of both bound and unbound DNA. A comparison of the two methods was performed by quantifying the elution of six different varieties of DNA complexes from a model biomaterial (collagen) scaffold. After seven days of elution, the PicoGreen® assay only allowed detection of three types of complexes (those formed using Lipofectin™ and two synthesised copolymers). However, the Cy5 fluorescent labeling technique enabled detection of all six varieties including those formed via common transfection agents poly(ethylene imine), poly-L-lysine and SuperFect™. This allowed reliable quantification of the elution of all these complexes from the collagen scaffold. Thus, while intercalating dyes may be effective and reliable for detecting double-stranded, unbound DNA, the technique described in this work allowed reliable quantification of DNA independent of complexation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Holladay
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, NFB building, IDA business park, Dangan, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
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25
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Mohajeri S, Hosseinkhani H, Ebrahimi NG, Nikfarjam L, Soleimani M, Kajbafzadeh AM. Proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell on collagen sponge reinforced with polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate blend fibers. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:3821-30. [PMID: 20673024 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tissue-engineered scaffolds made from collagen sponge are suitable for cell infiltrating, easily supplying oxygen and nutrients to cells, and removing the waste products, their mechanical properties are not satisfactory to be used as scaffold materials for tissue engineering applications. To improve mechanical properties of collagen, a novel porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering was prepared with collagen sponge reinforced by polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate (PP/PET) fibers. Collagen solution (6.33 mg/mL) with PP/PET fibers (collagen/fiber ratio [w/w]: 1.27, 0.63, 0.42, 0.25) was freeze-dried, followed by cross-linking of combined dehydrothermal and glutaraldehyde. A scanning electron microscopy-based analysis of surface of the sponges demonstrated that the sponge with collagen/fiber <0.25 exhibited homogenous and interconnected pore structure with an average pore size of 200 μm. Incorporation of PP/PET fibers significantly enhanced the compressive strength of the collagen sponge. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell in collagen sponges reinforced with PP/PET fibers incorporation were significantly enhanced compared with collagen sponge without PP/PET incorporation. We conclude that incorporation of PP/PET fibers not only improves the mechanical properties of collagen sponge, but also enables mesenchymal stem cells to positively improve their proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohajeri
- Polymer Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Hosseinkhani H, Hosseinkhani M, Hattori S, Matsuoka R, Kawaguchi N. Micro and nano-scale in vitro 3D culture system for cardiac stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 94:1-8. [PMID: 20014298 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the success to prevent or limit cardiovascular diseases, the restoration of the function of a damaged heart remains a formidable challenge. Cardiac stem cells (CSCs), with the capacity to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, hold great potential as a source of cells for regenerative medicine. A major challenge facing the clinical application of differentiated CSCs, however, is theability to generate sufficient numbers of cells with the desired phenotype. We previously established cell lines of CSCs using a c-kit antibody from adult rat hearts for use in regenerative medicine. C-kit -positive cardiac cells are well recognized as CSCs and have the potential to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Here, before implant these cells in vivo, we first developed three-dimensional culture system (3D) using micro- and nano-scaled material. Sheets of poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) were fabricated by electrospinning. Composites of collagen-PGA were prepared that contained 0, 1.5, 3 or 6 mg of electrospun PGA nanofibers. The nanofibers were added as a sheet that formed a layer within the collagen sponge. The sponges were freeze-dried and then dehydrothermally crosslinked. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-based analysis of the surface of the sponges demonstrated a uniform collagenous structure regardless of the amount of PGA nanofibres included. The PGA nanofibers significantly enhanced the compressive strength of the collagen sponge. More CSCs attached to the collagen sponge incorporating 6 mg of PGA nanofibers than the sponge without PGA nanofibers. The attachment and proliferation of CSCs in the 3D culture was enhanced by incubation in a bioreactor perfusion system compared with 3D static and two-dimensional (2D; i.e. tissue culture plates) culture systems. The use of micro- and nano-scale materials in the fabrication of composites together with a 3D culture system is a very promising way to promote the culture of stem cells. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- International Research Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences (IREIIMS), Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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27
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Holladay CA, O'Brien T, Pandit A. Non-viral gene therapy for myocardial engineering. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 2:232-48. [PMID: 20063367 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in surgical and pharmacological techniques, myocardial infarction (MI) remains the main cause of morbidity in the developed world because no remedy has been found for the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. Once the blood supply to the area in question is interrupted, the inflammatory cascade, among other mechanisms, results in the damaged tissue becoming a scar. The goals of cardiac gene therapy are essentially to minimize damage, to promote regeneration, or some combination thereof. While the vector is, in theory, less important than the gene being delivered, the choice of vector can have a significant impact. Viral therapies can have very high transfection efficiencies, but disadvantages include immunogenicity, retroviral-mediated insertional mutagenesis, and the expense and difficulty of manufacture. For these reasons, researchers have focused on non-viral gene therapy as an alternative. In this review, naked plasmid delivery, or the delivery of complexed plasmids, and cell-mediated gene delivery to the myocardium will be reviewed. Pre-clinical and clinical trials in the cardiac tissue will form the core of the discussion. While unmodified stem cells are sometimes considered therapeutic vectors on the basis of paracrine mechanisms of action basic understanding is limited. Thus, only genetically modified cells will be discussed as cell-mediated gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Holladay
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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28
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Gene transfer into the lung by nanoparticle dextran-spermine/plasmid DNA complexes. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:284840. [PMID: 20617146 PMCID: PMC2896664 DOI: 10.1155/2010/284840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cationic polymer, dextran-spermine (D-SPM), has been found to mediate gene expression in a wide variety of cell lines and in vivo through systemic delivery. Here, we extended the observations by determining the optimal conditions for gene expression of D-SPM/plasmid DNA (D-SPM/pDNA) in cell lines and in the lungs of BALB/c mice via instillation delivery. In vitro studies showed that D-SPM could partially protect pDNA from degradation by nuclease and exhibited optimal gene transfer efficiency at D-SPM to pDNA weight-mixing ratio of 12. In the lungs of mice, the levels of gene expression generated by D-SPM/pDNA are highly dependent on the weight-mixing ratio of D-SPM to pDNA, amount of pDNA in the complex, and the assay time postdelivery. Readministration of the complex at day 1 following the first dosing showed no significant effect on the retention and duration of gene expression. The study also showed that there was a clear trend of increasing size of the complexes as the amount of pDNA was increased, where the sizes of the D-SPM/pDNA complexes were within the nanometer range.
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29
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Husseini GA, Stevenson-Abouelnasr D, Pitt WG, Assaleh KT, Farahat LO, Fahadi J. Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Acoustic Release of Doxorubicin from Non-stabilized polymeric Micelles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010; 359:18-24. [PMID: 20495608 PMCID: PMC2872131 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the thermodynamic characteristics of ultrasound-activated release of Doxorubicin (Dox) from micelles. The release and re-encapsulation of Dox into Pluronic® P105 micelles was measured by recording the fluorescence of a solution of 10 µg/ml Dox and 10% wt P105 polymer in phosphate-buffered saline, during and after insonation by ultrasound at three temperatures, (25 °C, 37 °C and 56 °C). The experimental data were modeled using a previously-published model of the kinetics of the system. The model was simplified by the experimental measurement of one of the parameters, the maximum amount of Dox that can be loaded into the poly(propyleneoxide) cores of the micelles, which was found to be 89 mg/ml PPO and 150 mg Dox/ml PPO at 25 °C and 37 °C, respectively. From the kinetic constants and drug distribution parameters, we deduced the thermodynamic activation energy for micelle re-assembly and the residual activation energies for micelle destruction. Our model showed that the residual activation energy for destruction decreased with increasing acoustic intensity. In addition, higher temperatures were found to encourage micelle destruction and hinder micelle re-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - William G. Pitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Khaled T. Assaleh
- Electrical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lujein O. Farahat
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Fahadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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30
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Réthoré G, Mathew A, Naik H, Pandit A. Preparation of Chitosan/Polyglutamic Acid Spheres Based on the Use of Polystyrene Template as a Nonviral Gene Carrier. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:605-13. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Réthoré
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Asha Mathew
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hemantkumar Naik
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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31
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Lee KH, Kwon GH, Shin SJ, Baek JY, Han DK, Park Y, Lee SH. Hydrophilic electrospun polyurethane nanofiber matrices for hMSC culture in a microfluidic cell chip. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 90:619-28. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Kuo YC, Ku IN. Application of polyethyleneimine-modified scaffolds to the regeneration of cartilaginous tissue. Biotechnol Prog 2009; 25:1459-67. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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A matrix reservoir for improved control of non-viral gene delivery. J Control Release 2009; 136:220-5. [PMID: 19233237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery suffers from a number of limitations including short transgene expression times and low transfection efficiency. Collagen scaffolds have previously been investigated as in vitro DNA reservoirs, which allow sustained release of genetic information. Efficient viral gene-transfer from these scaffolds has previously been demonstrated. However, due to concerns about the safety of viral gene therapy, the use of non-viral vectors may be preferable. In this study a DNA-dendrimer complex embedded in a cross-linked collagen scaffold was investigated as a reservoir for non-viral delivery. Elution from the scaffolds and transfection of seeded rat mesenchymal stem cells were used to evaluate the scaffold's ability to act as a reservoir for the complexes. Elution from the scaffolds was minimal after 2 days with a total of 25% of the complexes released after 7 days. Extended transgene expression after DNA-dendrimer complex delivery from the scaffolds in comparison to direct delivery to cells was observed. The elongated transfection period and relatively high levels of reporter gene expression are significant advantages over other non-viral gene therapy techniques. This platform has the potential to be an effective method of scaffold-mediated gene delivery suitable for in vitro and in vivo applications.
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34
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Jo JI, Tabata Y. Non-viral gene transfection technologies for genetic engineering of stem cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 68:90-104. [PMID: 17870447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Revised: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 04/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The recent rapid progress of molecular biology together with the steady progress of genome projects has given us some essential and revolutionary information about DNA and RNA to elucidate various biological phenomena at a genetic level. Under these circumstances, the technology and methodology of gene transfection have become more and more important to enhance the efficacy of gene therapy for several diseases. In addition, gene transfection is a fundamental technology indispensable to the further research development of basic biology and medicine regarding stem cells. Stem cells genetically manipulated will enhance the therapeutic efficacy of cell transplantation. In this paper, the carrier and technology of gene delivery are briefly overviewed while the applications to the basic researches of biology and medicine as well as regenerative medical therapy are introduced. A new non-viral carrier and the cell culture system are described to efficiently manipulate stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichiro Jo
- Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Fedorovich NE, Alblas J, de Wijn JR, Hennink WE, Verbout AJ, Dhert WJA. Hydrogels as Extracellular Matrices for Skeletal Tissue Engineering: State-of-the-Art and Novel Application in Organ Printing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:1905-25. [PMID: 17518748 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organ printing, a novel approach in tissue engineering, applies layered computer-driven deposition of cells and gels to create complex 3-dimensional cell-laden structures. It shows great promise in regenerative medicine, because it may help to solve the problem of limited donor grafts for tissue and organ repair. The technique enables anatomical cell arrangement using incorporation of cells and growth factors at predefined locations in the printed hydrogel scaffolds. This way, 3-dimensional biological structures, such as blood vessels, are already constructed. Organ printing is developing fast, and there are exciting new possibilities in this area. Hydrogels are highly hydrated polymer networks used as scaffolding materials in organ printing. These hydrogel matrices are natural or synthetic polymers that provide a supportive environment for cells to attach to and proliferate and differentiate in. Successful cell embedding requires hydrogels that are complemented with biomimetic and extracellular matrix components, to provide biological cues to elicit specific cellular responses and direct new tissue formation. This review surveys the use of hydrogels in organ printing and provides an evaluation of the recent advances in the development of hydrogels that are promising for use in skeletal regenerative medicine. Special emphasis is put on survival, proliferation and differentiation of skeletal connective tissue cells inside various hydrogel matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalja E Fedorovich
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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36
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Heyde M, Partridge KA, Oreffo ROC, Howdle SM, Shakesheff KM, Garnett MC. Gene therapy used for tissue engineering applications. J Pharm Pharmacol 2007; 59:329-50. [PMID: 17331336 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.3.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the advances at the interface between tissue engineering and gene therapy. There are a large number of reports on gene therapy in tissue engineering, and these cover a huge range of different engineered tissues, different vectors, scaffolds and methodology. The review considers separately in-vitro and in-vivo gene transfer methods. The in-vivo gene transfer method is described first, using either viral or non-viral vectors to repair various tissues with and without the use of scaffolds. The use of a scaffold can overcome some of the challenges associated with delivery by direct injection. The ex-vivo method is described in the second half of the review. Attempts have been made to use this therapy for bone, cartilage, wound, urothelial, nerve tissue regeneration and for treating diabetes using viral or non-viral vectors. Again porous polymers can be used as scaffolds for cell transplantation. There are as yet few comparisons between these many different variables to show which is the best for any particular application. With few exceptions, all of the results were positive in showing some gene expression and some consequent effect on tissue growth and remodelling. Some of the principal advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Heyde
- Division of Advanced Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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37
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Moon YS, Uyama H, Inoue S, Tabata Y. Fabrication of Non-woven Mats of Gelatin/Poly(L-lactic acid) Composites by Electrospinning and Their Application for Scaffold of Cell Proliferation. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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