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Korpi RM, Alestalo K, Ruuska T, Lammentausta E, Borra R, Yannopoulos F, Lehtonen S, Korpi JT, Lappi-Blanco E, Anttila V, Lehenkari P, Juvonen T, Blanco Sequieros R. Two novel direct SPIO labels and in vivo MRI detection of labeled cells after acute myocardial infarct. Acta Radiol Open 2017; 6:2058460117718407. [PMID: 28811932 PMCID: PMC5544151 DOI: 10.1177/2058460117718407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cellular decay due hypoxia requires rapid and validated methods for possible therapeutic cell transplantation. PURPOSE To develop direct and rapid superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) cell label for a large-animal model and to assess in vivo cell targeting by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an experimental AMI model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were labeled with SPIO particles using two novel direct labeling methods (rotating incubation method and electroporation). Labeling, iron incorporation in cells and label distribution, cellular viability, and proliferation were validated in vitro. An AMI porcine model was used to evaluate the direct labeling method (rotating incubation method) by examining targeting of labeled BMMNCs using MRI and histology. RESULTS Labeling (1 h) did not alter either cellular differentiation potential or viability of cells in vitro. Cellular relaxation values at 9.4 T correlated with label concentration and MRI at 1.5 T showing 89 ± 4% signal reduction compared with non-labeled cells in vitro. In vivo, a high spatial correlation between MRI and histology was observed. The extent of macroscopic pathological myocardial changes (hemorrhage) correlated with altered function detected on MRI. CONCLUSION We demonstrated two novel direct SPIO labeling methods and demonstrated the feasibility of clinical MRI for monitoring targeting of the labeled cells in animal models of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka M Korpi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Alestalo
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Ruuska
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eveliina Lammentausta
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ronald Borra
- Medical Imaging Center of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Findland
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fredrik Yannopoulos
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Siri Lehtonen
- MRC Oulu and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko T Korpi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Lappi-Blanco
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Anttila
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tatu Juvonen
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roberto Blanco Sequieros
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Singh A, Singh A, Sen D. Mesenchymal stem cells in cardiac regeneration: a detailed progress report of the last 6 years (2010-2015). Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:82. [PMID: 27259550 PMCID: PMC4893234 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have been used for cardiovascular regenerative therapy for decades. These cells have been established as one of the potential therapeutic agents, following several tests in animal models and clinical trials. In the process, various sources of mesenchymal stem cells have been identified which help in cardiac regeneration by either revitalizing the cardiac stem cells or revascularizing the arteries and veins of the heart. Although mesenchymal cell therapy has achieved considerable admiration, some challenges still remain that need to be overcome in order to establish it as a successful technique. This in-depth review is an attempt to summarize the major sources of mesenchymal stem cells involved in myocardial regeneration, the significant mechanisms involved in the process with a focus on studies (human and animal) conducted in the last 6 years and the challenges that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India. .,Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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