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A new hydrogel with fluorapatite nanoparticles for osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in tissue engineering field. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 390:399-411. [PMID: 36152061 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Since scaffolds are engineered to support functional tissue formation, their design and materials play an essential role in medical fields by providing different mechanical function. The aim of this study was to investigate the synthesis and structural characterization of collagen-gelatin (COL-GEL) composite scaffolds containing fluorapatite (FA) nanoparticles as well as evaluation of the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). First, the composite scaffolds were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxicity of scaffolds and various concentrations of FA nanoparticles was studied through MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Next, the differentiated hADSCs were analyzed using Alizarin red and von Kossa staining, calcium content assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, real-time RT-PCR, and immunocytochemical analyses. According to the characterization analyses, the composite scaffolds were properly integrated. The results also illustrated that COL-GEL composite scaffolds in the presence of FA nanoparticles not only showed no cytotoxicity but also increased ALP activity and calcium deposition as well as the expression of osteogenic genes, including Runx2, Col-I, ALP, and osteocalcin and the synthesis of proteins such as osteocalcin and osteopontin in vitro. The obtained data were confirmed by Alizarin red and von Kossa staining. These results are very promising for further tissue engineering experiments, in which FA nanoparticle incorporation into COL-GEL composite scaffolds is a novel approach that improves the surface COL-GEL composite scaffolds for tissue engineering application in vitro.
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Using Chitosan Besides Nano Hydroxyapatite and Fluorohydroxyapatite Boost Dental Pulp Stem Cell Proliferation. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.42.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The dental tissue scaffold must provide a favorable surface for dental pulp stem cell attachment and proliferation. Employing nanohydroxyapatite (HA) and nanofluorohydroxyapatite (FHA) beside synthetic and organic polymer in favor of scaffolds would be used in bone and dental tissue engineering. In this research, nanoHA and FHA/chitosan scaffolds were synthesized by freeze-drying technique. Surface morphology, chemical composition and hydrophilicity have a great impact on initial cell attachment which will further affect the cell viability and proliferation which evaluated by SEM, XRD and contact angle measurement. Bioactivity of scaffolds was investigated by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cell proliferation assay. In freeze-drying technique percentage usage of hydroxyapatite could be risen up to 40% and shown better macro-mechanical and physical properties and bioactivity. According to obtained results by adding chitosan, contact angle was decreased by %54 and %37 for polycaprolactone (PCL)/HA and PCL/FHA scaffolds. In addition, addition of chitosan causes significant increase in the cell proliferation for PCL/HA and PCL/FHA up to 81% and 164%, respectively. These results indicate that PCL/FHA/chitosan scaffold represent a big potential for dental tissue engineering.
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Clark D, Wang X, Chang S, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Clarkson BH, Liu J. VEGF promotes osteogenic differentiation of ASCs on ordered fluorapatite surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:639-45. [PMID: 24797761 PMCID: PMC4221573 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported to mediate both osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone regeneration. We previously found an upregulation of VEGF in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) when obvious mineralization occurred on a novel fluorapatite (FA)-coated surfaces. This study investigated the effect of FA and VEGF on the growth, differentiation and mineralization of (ASC) grown on ordered FA surfaces. Cells grown on FA and treated with VEGF demonstrated osteogenic differentiation as measured with ALP staining, and obvious mineralization as measured by Alizarin red staining. A combined stimulating effect of FA and VEGF was seen using both indicators. VEGF signaling pathway perturbation using a specific VEGF receptor inhibitor showed the lowest levels of ALP and Alizarin red staining, which was partially rescued when the cells were grown on FA and/or treated with the addition of VEGF. The osteogenic differentiation of ASCs stimulated by these FA surfaces as well as VEGF has been shown to be mediated through, but probably not only, the VEGF signaling pathway. The enhancement of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization supports the potential use of therapeutic VEGF and FA coatings in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Clark
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
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Suzuki Y, Hayashi M, Tanabe N, Yasukawa T, Hirano Y, Takagi S, C. Chow L, Suzuki N, Ogiso B. Effect of a novel fluorapatite-forming calcium phosphate cement with calcium silicate on osteoblasts in comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate. J Oral Sci 2015; 57:25-30. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.57.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Suzuki
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Natsuko Tanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takuya Yasukawa
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Yoriyuki Hirano
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Shozo Takagi
- American Dental Association Foundation, Dr. Anthony Volpe Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology
| | - Laurence C. Chow
- American Dental Association Foundation, Dr. Anthony Volpe Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology
| | - Naoto Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Bunnai Ogiso
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Guo T, Li Y, Cao G, Zhang Z, Chang S, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Nör JE, Clarkson BH, Liu J. Fluorapatite-modified scaffold on dental pulp stem cell mineralization. J Dent Res 2014; 93:1290-5. [PMID: 25139361 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514547914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, fluorapatite (FA) crystal-coated surfaces have been shown to stimulate the differentiation and mineralization of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in two-dimensional cell culture. However, whether the FA surface can recapitulate these properties in three-dimensional culture is still unknown. This study examined the differences in behavior of human DPSCs cultured on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) NanoECM nanofibers with or without the FA crystals. Under near-physiologic conditions, the FA crystals were synthesized on the PCL nanofiber scaffolds. The FA crystals were evenly distributed on the scaffolds. DPSCs were cultured on the PCL+FA or the PCL scaffolds for up to 28 days. Scanning electron microscope images showed that DPSCs attached well to both scaffolds after the initial seeding. However, it appeared that more multicellular aggregates formed on the PCL+FA scaffolds. After 14 days, the cell proliferation on the PCL+FA was slower than that on the PCL-only scaffolds. Interestingly, even without any induction of mineralization, from day 7, the upregulation of several pro-osteogenic molecules (dmp1, dspp, runx2, ocn, spp1, col1a1) was detected in cells seeded on the PCL+FA scaffolds. A significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity was also seen on FA-coated scaffolds compared with the PCL-only scaffolds at days 14 and 21. At the protein level, osteocalcin expression was induced only in the DPSCs on the PCL+FA surfaces at day 21 and then significantly enhanced at day 28. A similar pattern was observed in those specimens stained with Alizarin red and Von Kossa after 21 and 28 days. These data suggest that the incorporation of FA crystals within the three-dimensional PCL nanofiber scaffolds provided a favorable extracellular matrix microenvironment for the growth, differentiation, and mineralization of human DPSCs. This FA-modified PCL nanofiber scaffold shows promising potential for future bone, dental, and orthopedic regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guo
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - G Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Chang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Czajka-Jakubowska
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - J E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - B H Clarkson
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Liu
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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