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Wang X, Xiang C, Huang C, Cheng H, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Xie H. The treatment efficacy of bone tissue engineering strategy for repairing segmental bone defects under diabetic condition. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1379679. [PMID: 38737542 PMCID: PMC11082311 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1379679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a systematic disease which exert detrimental effect on bone tissue. The repair and reconstruction of bone defects in diabetic patients still remain a major clinical challenge. This study aims to investigate the potential of bone tissue engineering approach to improve bone regeneration under diabetic condition. Methods In the present study, decalcified bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds were seeded with allogenic fetal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and cultured in osteogenic induction medium to fabricate BMSC/DBM constructs. Then the BMSC/DBM constructs were implanted in both subcutaneous pouches and large femoral bone defects in diabetic (BMSC/DBM in DM group) and non-diabetic rats (BMSC/DBM in non-DM group), cell-free DBM scaffolds were implanted in diabetic rats to serve as the control group (DBM in DM group). X-ray, micro-CT and histological analyses were carried out to evaluate the bone regenerative potential of BMSC/DBM constructs under diabetic condition. Results In the rat subcutaneous implantation model, quantitative micro-CT analysis demonstrated that BMSC/DBM in DM group showed impaired bone regeneration activity compared with the BMSC/DBM in non-DM group (bone volume: 46 ± 4.4 mm3 vs 58.9 ± 7.15 mm3, *p < 0.05). In the rat femoral defect model, X-ray examination demonstrated that bone union was delayed in BMSC/DBM in DM group compared with BMSC/DBM in non-DM group. However, quantitative micro-CT analysis showed that after 6 months of implantation, there was no significant difference in bone volume and bone density between the BMSC/DBM in DM group (199 ± 63 mm3 and 593 ± 65 mg HA/ccm) and the BMSC/DBM in non-DM group (211 ± 39 mm3 and 608 ± 53 mg HA/ccm). Our data suggested that BMSC/DBM constructs could repair large bone defects in diabetic rats, but with delayed healing process compared with non-diabetic rats. Conclusion Our study suggest that biomaterial sacffolds seeded with allogenic fetal BMSCs represent a promising strategy to induce and improve bone regeneration under diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jingshan Union Hospital, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can Xiang
- Department of Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jingshan Union Hospital, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Hanxiao Cheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhentao Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jufang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Castaño IM, Raftery RM, Chen G, Cavanagh B, Quinn B, Duffy GP, Curtin CM, O'Brien FJ. Dual scaffold delivery of miR-210 mimic and miR-16 inhibitor enhances angiogenesis and osteogenesis to accelerate bone healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:480-493. [PMID: 37797708 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for successful bone repair, and interestingly, miR-210 and miR-16 possess counter-active targets involved in both angiogenesis and osteogenesis: miR-210 acts as an activator by silencing EFNA3 & AcvR1b, while miR-16 inhibits both pathways by silencing VEGF & Smad5. It was thus hypothesized that dual delivery of both a miR-210 mimic and a miR-16 inhibitor from a collagen-nanohydroxyapatite scaffold system may hold significant potential for bone repair. Therefore, this systems potential to rapidly accelerate bone repair by directing enhanced angiogenic-osteogenic coupling in host cells in a rat calvarial defect model at a very early 4 week timepoint was assessed. In vitro, the treatment significantly enhanced angiogenic-osteogenic coupling of human mesenchymal stem cells, with enhanced calcium deposition after just 10 days in 2D and 14 days on scaffolds. In vivo, these dual-miRNA loaded scaffolds showed more than double bone volume and vessel recruitment increased 2.3 fold over the miRNA-free scaffolds. Overall, this study demonstrates the successful development of a dual-miRNA mimic/inhibitor scaffold for enhanced in vivo bone repair for the first time, and the possibility of extending this 'off-the-shelf' platform system to applications beyond bone offers immense potential to impact a myriad of other tissue engineering areas. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: miRNAs have potential as a new class of bone healing therapeutics as they can enhance the regenerative capacity of bone-forming cells. However, angiogenic-osteogenic coupling is critical for successful bone repair. Therefore, this study harnesses the delivery of miR-210, known to be an activator of both angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and miR-16 inhibitor, as miR-16 is known to inhibit both pathways, from a collagen-nanohydroxyapatite scaffold system to rapidly enhance osteogenesis in vitro and bone repair in vivo in a rat calvarial defect model. Overall, it describes the successful development of the first dual-miRNA mimic/inhibitor scaffold for enhanced in vivo bone repair. This 'off-the-shelf' platform system offers immense potential to extend beyond bone applications and impact a myriad of other tissue engineering areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mencía Castaño
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Rosanne M Raftery
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Microsurgical Research and Training Facility, RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Brian Quinn
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Garry P Duffy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2, Ireland; Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Caroline M Curtin
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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3
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Shams R, Behmanesh A, Mazhar FN, Vaghari AA, Hossein-Khannazer N, Agarwal T, Vosough M, Padrón JM. Developed Bone Biomaterials Incorporated with MicroRNAs to Promote Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review, Bioinformatics, and Meta-analysis Study. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5186-5204. [PMID: 37585807 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the effectiveness of biomaterials integrated with specific microRNAs (miRNAs) for bone fracture repair treatment. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, identifying 42 relevant papers up to March 2022. Hydrogel-based scaffolds were the most commonly used, incorporating miRNAs like miR-26a, miR-21, and miR-222, with miR-26a being the most prevalent. The meta-analysis revealed significant benefits of incorporating miRNAs into scaffolds for bone repair, particularly in hydrogel scaffolds. However, some controversies were observed among studies, presenting challenges in selecting appropriate miRNAs for this purpose. The study concludes that incorporating specific miRNAs into bone biomaterials enhances bone regeneration, but further trials comparing different biomaterials and miRNAs are necessary to validate their potential applications for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Shams
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Ali Behmanesh
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Farid Najd Mazhar
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Vaghari
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Bio-Technology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Spain
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Söhling N, Von Jan O, Janko M, Nau C, Ritz U, Marzi I, Henrich D, Verboket RD. Measuring Bone Healing: Parameters and Scores in Comparison. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1011. [PMID: 37760113 PMCID: PMC10525182 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Bone healing is a complex process that can not be replicated in its entirety in vitro. Research on bone healing still requires the animal model. The critical size femur defect (CSFD) in rats is a well-established model for fractures in humans that exceed the self-healing potential. New therapeutic approaches can be tested here in vivo. Histological, biomechanical, and radiological parameters are usually collected and interpreted. However, it is not yet clear to what extent they correlate with each other and how necessary it is to record all parameters. (2) Methods: The basis for this study was data from three animal model studies evaluating bone healing. The µCT and histological (Movat pentachrome, osteocalcin) datasets/images were reevaluated and correlation analyses were then performed. Two image processing procedures were compared in the analysis of the image data. (3) Results: There was a significant correlation between the histologically determined bone fraction (Movat pentachrome staining) and bending stiffness. Bone fraction determined by osteocalcin showed no prognostic value. (4) Conclusions: The evaluation of the image datasets using ImageJ is sufficient and simpler than the combination of both programs. Determination of the bone fraction using Movat pentachrome staining allows conclusions to be drawn about the biomechanics of the bone. A standardized procedure with the ImageJ software is recommended for determining the bone proportion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - Olivia Von Jan
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - Maren Janko
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
| | - René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (O.V.J.); (M.J.); (C.N.); (I.M.); (D.H.); (R.D.V.)
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Su D, Swearson S, Krongbaramee T, Sun H, Hong L, Amendt BA. Exploring microRNAs in craniofacial regenerative medicine. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:841-854. [PMID: 37073783 PMCID: PMC11244734 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) have been reported over the decades as important regulators in bone development and bone regeneration. They play important roles in maintaining the stem cell signature as well as regulating stem cell fate decisions. Thus, delivering miRs and miR inhibitors to the defect site is a potential treatment towards craniofacial bone defects. However, there are challenges in translation of basic research to clinics, including the efficiency, specificity, and efficacy of miR manipulation methods and the safety of miR delivery systems. In this review, we will compare miR oligonucleotides, mimics and antagomirs as therapeutic reagents to treat disease and regenerate tissues. Newer technology will be discussed as well as the efficiency and efficacy of using these technologies to express or inhibit miRs in treating and repairing oral tissues. Delivery of these molecules using extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles can achieve different results and depending on their composition will elicit specific effects. We will highlight the specificity, toxicity, stability, and effectiveness of several miR systems in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Samuel Swearson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Tadkamol Krongbaramee
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hongli Sun
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Liu Hong
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
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6
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Breulmann FL, Hatt LP, Schmitz B, Wehrle E, Richards RG, Della Bella E, Stoddart MJ. Prognostic and therapeutic potential of microRNAs for fracture healing processes and non-union fractures: A systematic review. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1161. [PMID: 36629031 PMCID: PMC9832434 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 10% of all bone fractures result in delayed fracture healing or non-union; thus, the identification of biomarkers and prognostic factors is of great clinical interest. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be involved in the regulation of the bone healing process and may serve as functional markers for fracture healing. AIMS AND METHODS This systematic review aimed to identify common miRNAs involved in fracture healing or non-union fractures using a qualitative approach. A systematic literature search was performed with the keywords 'miRNA and fracture healing' and 'miRNA and non-union fracture'. Any original article investigating miRNAs in fracture healing or non-union fractures was screened. Eventually, 82 studies were included in the qualitative analysis for 'miRNA and fracture healing', while 19 were selected for the 'miRNA and fracture non-union' category. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Out of 151 miRNAs, miR-21, miR-140 and miR-214 were the most investigated miRNAs in fracture healing in general. miR-31-5p, miR-221 and miR-451-5p were identified to be regulated specifically in non-union fractures. Large heterogeneity was detected between studies investigating the role of miRNAs in fracture healing or non-union in terms of patient population, sample types and models used. Nonetheless, our approach identified some miRNAs with the potential to serve as biomarkers for non-union fractures, including miR-31-5p, miR-221 and miR-451-5p. We provide a discussion of involved pathways and suggest on alignment of future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lioba Breulmann
- AO Research Institute DavosDavos PlatzSwitzerland
- Department of Orthopedic Sports MedicineKlinikum Rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Luan Phelipe Hatt
- AO Research Institute DavosDavos PlatzSwitzerland
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZürichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Boris Schmitz
- Department of Rehabilitation SciencesFaculty of HealthUniversity of Witten/HerdeckeWittenGermany
- DRV Clinic KönigsfeldCenter for Medical RehabilitationEnnepetalGermany
| | - Esther Wehrle
- AO Research Institute DavosDavos PlatzSwitzerland
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZürichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Robert Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute DavosDavos PlatzSwitzerland
- Faculty of MedicineMedical Center‐Albert‐Ludwigs‐University of FreiburgAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | | | - Martin James Stoddart
- AO Research Institute DavosDavos PlatzSwitzerland
- Faculty of MedicineMedical Center‐Albert‐Ludwigs‐University of FreiburgAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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7
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Ranjbarnejad F, Khazaei M, Shahryari A, Khazaei F, Rezakhani L. Recent advances in gene therapy for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:1121-1137. [PMID: 36382408 DOI: 10.1002/term.3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Autografting, a major treatment for bone fractures, has potential risks related to the required surgery and disease transmission. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the most common osteogenic factors used for bone-healing applications. However, BMP delivery can have shortcomings such as a short half-life and the high cost of manufacturing the recombinant proteins. Gene delivery methods have demonstrated promising alternative strategies for producing BMPs or other osteogenic factors using engineered cells. These approaches can also enable temporal overexpression and local production of the therapeutic genes in the target tissues. This review addresses recent progress on engineered viral, non-viral, and RNA-mediated gene delivery systems that are being used for bone repair and regeneration. Advances in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 genome engineering for bone tissue regeneration also is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ranjbarnejad
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahryari
- Tools for Bio-Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Khazaei
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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8
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Hu H, Wang D, Li L, Yin H, He G, Zhang Y. Role of microRNA-335 carried by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in bone fracture recovery. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:156. [PMID: 33542183 PMCID: PMC7862274 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to reduce healing time and treat nonunion in fracture patients. In this study, bone marrow MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (B-EVs) were firstly extracted and identified. CD9-/- and normal mice were enrolled for the establishment of fracture models and then injected with B-EVs. Osteoblast differentiation and fracture recovery were estimated. The levels of osteoblast-related genes were detected, and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRs) in B-EVs-treated normal fracture mice were screened and verified. The downstream mechanisms of miR were predicted and assessed. The loss-of functions of miR-335 in B-EV and gain-of-functions of VapB were performed in animal and cell experiments to evaluate their roles in bone fracture. Collectively, B-EVs promoted bone fracture recovery and osteoblast differentiation by releasing miR-335. miR-335 downregulation in B-EVs impaired B-EV functions in fracture recovery and osteoblast differentiation. miR-335 could target VapB, and VapB overexpression reversed the effects of B-EVs on osteoblast differentiation. B-EV treatment activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in fracture mice and osteoblasts-like cells. Taken together, the study suggested that B-EVs carry miR-335 to promote bone fracture recovery via VapB and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This study may offer insights into bone fracture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haiyang Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoyu He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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9
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Komatsu DE, Duque E, Hadjiargyrou M. MicroRNAs and fracture healing: Pre-clinical studies. Bone 2021; 143:115758. [PMID: 33212318 PMCID: PMC7769985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
During the past several years, pre-clinical experiments have established that microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, serve as key regulatory molecules of fracture healing. Their easy modulation with agonists and antagonists make them highly desirable targets for future therapeutic strategies, especially for pathophysiologic fractures that either do not heal (nonunions) or are delayed. It is now well documented that these problematic fractures lead to human suffering and impairment of life quality. Additionally, financial difficulties are also encountered as work productivity decreases and income is reduced. Moreover, targeting miRNAs may also be an avenue to enhancing normal physiological fracture healing. Herein we present the most current knowledge of the involvement of miRNAs during fracture healing in pre-clinical studies. Following a brief description on the nature of miRNAs and of the fracture healing process, we present data from studies focusing specifically, on miRNA regulation of osteoblast differentiation and osteogenesis (within the context of known signaling pathways), chondrocytes, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, all critical to successful bone repair. Further, we also discuss miRNAs and exosomes. We hope that this manuscript serves as a comprehensive review that will facilitate basic/translational scientists in the orthopaedic arena to realize and further decipher the biological and future therapeutic impact of these small regulatory RNA molecules, especially as they relate to the molecular events of each of the major phases of fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Komatsu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Stony Brook University, United States of America
| | - Edie Duque
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Stony Brook University, United States of America
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, United States of America.
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10
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Reddy LVK, Murugan D, Mullick M, Begum Moghal ET, Sen D. Recent Approaches for Angiogenesis in Search of Successful Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:111-134. [PMID: 31682212 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191104151928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a central role in human physiology from reproduction and fetal development to wound healing and tissue repair/regeneration. Clinically relevant therapies are needed for promoting angiogenesis in order to supply oxygen and nutrients after transplantation, thus relieving the symptoms of ischemia. Increase in angiogenesis can lead to the restoration of damaged tissues, thereby leading the way for successful tissue regeneration. Tissue regeneration is a broad field that has shown the convergence of various interdisciplinary fields, wherein living cells in conjugation with biomaterials have been tried and tested on to the human body. Although there is a prevalence of various approaches that hypothesize enhanced tissue regeneration via angiogenesis, none of them have been successful in gaining clinical relevance. Hence, the current review summarizes the recent cell-based and cell free (exosomes, extracellular vesicles, micro-RNAs) therapies, gene and biomaterial-based approaches that have been used for angiogenesis-mediated tissue regeneration and have been applied in treating disease models like ischemic heart, brain stroke, bone defects and corneal defects. This review also puts forward a concise report of the pre-clinical and clinical studies that have been performed so far; thereby presenting the credible impact of the development of biomaterials and their 3D concepts in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration, which would lead to the probable ways for heralding the successful future of angiogenesis-mediated approaches in the greater perspective of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekkala Vinod Kumar Reddy
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durai Murugan
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhubanti Mullick
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Erfath Thanjeem Begum Moghal
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.,University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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11
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Ding MH, Lozoya EG, Rico RN, Chew SA. The Role of Angiogenesis-Inducing microRNAs in Vascular Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1283-1302. [PMID: 32762306 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process in tissue repair and regeneration as blood vessels are integral to supply nutrients to a functioning tissue. In this review, the application of microRNAs (miRNAs) or anti-miRNAs that can induce angiogenesis to aid in blood vessel formation for vascular tissue engineering in ischemic diseases such as peripheral arterial disease and stroke, cardiac diseases, and skin and bone tissue engineering is discussed. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the endothelium of the blood vessel and are recognized as the primary cell type that drives angiogenesis and studied in the applications that were reviewed. Besides ECs, mesenchymal stem cells can also play a pivotal role in these applications, specifically, by secreting growth factors or cytokines for paracrine signaling and/or as constituent cells in the new blood vessel formed. In addition to delivering miRNAs or cells transfected/transduced with miRNAs for angiogenesis and vascular tissue engineering, the utilization of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, microvesicles, and EVs collectively, has been more recently explored. Proangiogenic miRNAs and anti-miRNAs contribute to angiogenesis by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of targets to upregulate proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and increase the transduction of VEGF signaling through the PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways such as phosphatase and tensin homolog or regulating the signaling of other pathways important for angiogenesis such as the Notch signaling pathway and the pathway to produce nitric oxide. In conclusion, angiogenesis-inducing miRNAs and anti-miRNAs are promising tools for vascular tissue engineering for several applications; however, future work should emphasize optimizing the delivery and usage of these therapies as miRNAs can also be associated with the negative implications of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Hui Ding
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Eloy G Lozoya
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Rene N Rico
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Sue Anne Chew
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
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12
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Introduction of a New Surgical Method to Improve Bone Healing in a Large Bone Defect by Replacement of the Induced Membrane by a Human Decellularized Dermis Repopulated with Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells in Rat. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112629. [PMID: 32526914 PMCID: PMC7321582 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Masquelet technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. We eliminate the first surgical step by using a decellularized dermal skin graft (Epiflex®) populated with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC), as a replacement for the induced membrane. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of this technology and provide evidence of equivalent bone healing in comparison to the induced membrane-technique. Therefore, 112 male Sprague–Dawley rats were allocated in six groups and received a 10 mm femoral defect. Defects were treated with either the induced membrane or decellularized dermis, with or without the addition of BMC. Defects were then filled with a scaffold (β-TCP), with or without BMC. After a healing time of eight weeks, femurs were taken for histological, radiological and biomechanical analysis. Defects treated with Epiflex® showed increased mineralization and bone formation predominantly in the transplanted dermis surrounding the defect. No significant decrease of biomechanical properties was found. Vascularization of the defect could be enhanced by addition of BMC. Considering the dramatic reduction of a patient’s burden by the reduced surgical stress and shortened time of treatment, this technique could have a great impact on clinical practice.
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13
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Determination of the effective dose of bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for bone healing in vivo. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:265-276. [PMID: 32112259 PMCID: PMC7113230 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-020-01331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cell-based therapy by bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) in a large-sized bone defect has already shown improved vascularization and new bone formation. First clinical trials are already being conducted. BMC were isolated from bone marrow aspirate and given back to patients in combination with a scaffold within some hours. However, the optimal concentration of BMC has not yet been determined for bone healing. With this study, we want to determine the optimal dosage of the BMC in the bone defect to support bone healing. Material and methods Scaffolds with increasing BMC concentrations were inserted into a 5 mm femoral defect, cell concentrations of 2 × 106 BMC/mL, 1 × 107 BMC/mL and 2 × 107 BMC/mL were used. Based on the initial cell number used to colonize the scaffolds, the groups are designated 1 × 106, 5 × 106 and 1 × 107 group. Bone healing was assessed biomechanically, radiologically (µCT), and histologically after 8 weeks healing time. Results Improved bone healing parameters were noted in the 1 × 106 and 5 × 106 BMC groups. A significantly higher BMD was observed in the 1 × 106 BMC group compared to the other groups. Histologically, a significantly increased bone growth in the defect area was observed in group 5 × 106 BMC. This finding could be supported radiologically. Conclusion It was shown that the effective dose of BMC for bone defect healing ranges from 2 × 106 BMC/mL to 1 × 107 BMC/mL. This concentration range seems to be the therapeutic window for BMC-supported therapy of large bone defects. However, further studies are necessary to clarify the exact BMC-dose dependent mechanisms of bone defect healing and to determine the therapeutically effective range more precisely.
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Verboket RD, Anbar B, Söhling N, Kontradowitz K, Marzi I, Ghanaati S, Henrich D. Changes in platelet-rich fibrin composition after trauma and surgical intervention. Platelets 2020; 31:1069-1079. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1714575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- René D. Verboket
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bechir Anbar
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kontradowitz
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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15
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Levingstone TJ, Herbaj S, Redmond J, McCarthy HO, Dunne NJ. Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles-Based Systems for RNAi Delivery: Applications in Bone Tissue Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E146. [PMID: 31947548 PMCID: PMC7023416 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone-related injury and disease constitute a significant global burden both socially and economically. Current treatments have many limitations and thus the development of new approaches for bone-related conditions is imperative. Gene therapy is an emerging approach for effective bone repair and regeneration, with notable interest in the use of RNA interference (RNAi) systems to regulate gene expression in the bone microenvironment. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles represent promising materials for use as non-viral vectors for gene therapy in bone tissue engineering applications due to their many favorable properties, including biocompatibility, osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity, and strong affinity for binding to nucleic acids. However, low transfection rates present a significant barrier to their clinical use. This article reviews the benefits of calcium phosphate nanoparticles for RNAi delivery and highlights the role of surface functionalization in increasing calcium phosphate nanoparticles stability, improving cellular uptake and increasing transfection efficiency. Currently, the underlying mechanistic principles relating to these systems and their interplay during in vivo bone formation is not wholly understood. Furthermore, the optimal microRNA targets for particular bone tissue regeneration applications are still unclear. Therefore, further research is required in order to achieve the optimal calcium phosphate nanoparticles-based systems for RNAi delivery for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J. Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simona Herbaj
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Redmond
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Verboket RD, Leiblein M, Janko M, Schaible A, Brune JC, Schröder K, Heilani M, Fremdling C, Busche Y, Irrle T, Marzi I, Nau C, Henrich D. From two stages to one: acceleration of the induced membrane (Masquelet) technique using human acellular dermis for the treatment of non-infectious large bone defects. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:317-327. [PMID: 31932852 PMCID: PMC7113234 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-019-01296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The induced membrane technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-step procedure. In the first operation, a foreign body membrane is induced around a spacer, then, in the second step, several weeks or months later, the spacer is removed and the Membrane pocket is filled with autologous bone material. Induction of a functional biological membrane might be avoided by initially using a biological membrane. In this study, the effect of a human acellular dermis (hADM, Epiflex, DIZG gGmbH) was evaluated for the treatment of a large (5 mm), plate-stabilised femoral bone defect. Material and Methods In an established rat model, hADM was compared to the two-stage induced membrane technique and a bone defect without membrane cover. Syngeneous spongiosa from donor animals was used for defect filling in all groups. The group size in each case was n = 5, the induction time of the membrane was 3–4 weeks and the healing time after filling of the defect was 8 weeks. Results The ultimate loads were increased to levels comparable with native bone in both membrane groups (hADM: 63.2% ± 29.6% of the reference bone, p < 0.05 vs. no membrane, induced membrane: 52.1% ± 25.8% of the reference bone, p < 0.05 vs. no membrane) and were significantly higher than the control group without membrane (21.5%). The membrane groups were radiologically and histologically almost completely bridged by new bone formation, in contrast to the control Group where no closed osseous bridging could be observed. Conclusion The use of the human acellular dermis leads to equivalent healing results in comparison to the two-stage induced membrane technique. This could lead to a shortened therapy duration of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Danilo Verboket
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Leiblein
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maren Janko
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Claas Brune
- German Institute for Cell and Tissue Replacement (DIZG gemeinnützige GmbH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Center of Physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Myriam Heilani
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Fremdling
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannic Busche
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Irrle
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Leiblein M, Koch E, Winkenbach A, Schaible A, Nau C, Büchner H, Schröder K, Marzi I, Henrich D. Size matters: Effect of granule size of the bone graft substitute (Herafill®) on bone healing using Masquelet's induced membrane in a critical size defect model in the rat's femur. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1469-1482. [PMID: 31721435 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Masquelet technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. The size of a scaffold is reported to be a critical factor for bone healing response. We therefore aimed to investigate the influence of the granule size of a bone graft substitute on bone marrow derived mononuclear cells (BMC) supported bone healing in combination with the induced membrane. We compared three different sizes of Herafill® granules (Heraeus Medical GmbH, Wehrheim) with or without BMC in vivo in a rat femoral critical size defect. A 10 mm defect was made in 126 rats and a membrane induced by a PMMA-spacer. After 3 weeks, the spacer was taken out and membrane filled with different granule sizes. After 8 weeks femurs were taken for radiological, biomechanical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Further, whole blood of the rat was incubated with granules and expression of 29 peptide mediators was assessed. Smallest granules showed significantly improved bone healing compared to larger granules, which however did not lead to an increased biomechanical stability in the defect zone. Small granules lead to an increased accumulation of macrophages in situ which could be assigned to the inflammatory subtype M1 by majority. Increased release of chemotactic respectively proangiogenic active factors in vitro compared to syngenic bone and beta-TCP was observed. Granule size of the bone graft substitute Herafill® has significant impact on bone healing of a critical size defect in combination with Masquelet's technique in terms of bone formation and inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Leiblein
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elias Koch
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Winkenbach
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaible
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Schröder
- Vascular Research Center, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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18
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Arriaga MA, Ding MH, Gutierrez AS, Chew SA. The Application of microRNAs in Biomaterial Scaffold-Based Therapies for Bone Tissue Engineering. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900084. [PMID: 31166084 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of microRNAs (miRNAs) or anti-microRNAs (anti-miRNAs) that can induce expression of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a master regulator of osteogenesis, has been investigated as a promising alternative bone tissue engineering strategy. In this review, biomaterial scaffold-based applications that have been used to deliver cells expressing miRNAs or anti-miRNAs that induce expression of RUNX2 for bone tissue engineering are discussed. An overview of the components of the scaffold-based therapies including the miRNAs/anti-miRNAs, cell types, gene delivery vectors, and scaffolds that have been applied are provided. To date, there have been nine miRNAs/anti-miRNAs (i.e., miRNA-26a, anti-miRNA-31, anti-miRNA-34a, miRNA-135, anti-miRNA-138, anti-miRNA-146a, miRNA-148b, anti-miRNA-221, and anti-miRNA-335) that have been incorporated into scaffold-based bone tissue engineering applications and investigated in an in vivo bone critical-sized defect model. For all of the biomaterial scaffold-based miRNA therapies that have been developed thus far, cells that are transfected or transduced with the miRNA/anti-miRNA are loaded into the scaffolds and implanted at the site of interest instead of locally delivering the miRNA/anti-miRNAs directly from the scaffolds. Thus, future work may focus on developing biomaterial scaffolds to deliver miRNAs or anti-miRNAs into cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Arriaga
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, USA
| | - May-Hui Ding
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, USA
| | - Astrid S Gutierrez
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, USA
| | - Sue Anne Chew
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd, Brownsville, TX, 78520, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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20
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Verboket R, Herrera-Vizcaíno C, Thorwart K, Booms P, Bellen M, Al-Maawi S, Sader R, Marzi I, Henrich D, Ghanaati S. Influence of concentration and preparation of platelet rich fibrin on human bone marrow mononuclear cells (in vitro). Platelets 2018; 30:861-870. [PMID: 30359164 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1530346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Large bone defects have always been a big challenge. The use of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) combined with an osteoconductive scaffold has been proved a good alternative for the treatment of large bone defects. Another autologous source for tissue engineering is platelet rich fibrin (PRF). PRF is a blood concentrate system obtained through a one-step centrifugation. The generated 3D matrix of the PRF clot serves as a reservoir of growth factors. Those growth factors might support the regenerative response of BMC, and therefore the effect of PRF, centrifuged with either high medium (208 g) or low (60 g) relative centrifugation force (RCF) on BMCs was evaluated in vitro in the present study. The two PRF matrices obtained were initially characterized and compared to human serum. Significantly increased concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were found in PRF compared to human serum whereas VEGF concentration was not significantly altered. A dose-response study revealed no further activation of BMC's metabolic activity, if concentration of both PRF matrices exceeded 10% (v/v). Effect of both PRF preparations [10%] on BMC was analyzed after 2, 7, and 14 days in comparison to human serum [10%]. Metabolic activity of BMC increased significantly in all groups on day 14. Furthermore, gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, -7, and -9 was significantly stimulated in BMC cultivated with the respective PRF matrices compared to human serum. Apoptotic activity of BMC incubated with PRF was not altered compared to BMC cultivated with serum. In conclusion, PRF could be used as a growth factor delivery system of autologous or allogeneic source with the capability of stimulating cells such as BMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Verboket
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Carlos Herrera-Vizcaíno
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Frankfurt Am Main , Germany
| | - Kirsten Thorwart
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Patrick Booms
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Frankfurt Am Main , Germany
| | - Marlene Bellen
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Sarah Al-Maawi
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Frankfurt Am Main , Germany
| | - Robert Sader
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Frankfurt Am Main , Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Frankfurt Am Main , Germany
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