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In-process monitoring of a tissue-engineered oral mucosa fabricated on a micropatterned collagen scaffold: use of optical coherence tomography for quality control. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Cells/colony motion of oral keratinocytes determined by non-invasive and quantitative measurement using optical flow predicts epithelial regenerative capacity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10403. [PMID: 34001929 PMCID: PMC8128884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells/colony motion determined by non-invasive, quantitative measurements using the optical flow (OF) algorithm can indicate the oral keratinocyte proliferative capacity in early-phase primary cultures. This study aimed to determine a threshold for the cells/colony motion index to detect substandard cell populations in a subsequent subculture before manufacturing a tissue-engineered oral mucosa graft and to investigate the correlation with the epithelial regenerative capacity. The distinctive proliferating pattern of first-passage [passage 1 (p1)] cells reveals the motion of p1 cells/colonies, which can be measured in a non-invasive, quantitative manner using OF with fewer full-screen imaging analyses and cell segmentations. Our results demonstrate that the motion index lower than 40 μm/h reflects cellular damages by experimental metabolic challenges although this value shall only apply in case of our culture system. Nonetheless, the motion index can be used as the threshold to determine the quality of cultured cells while it may be affected by any different culture conditions. Because the p1 cells/colony motion index is correlated with epithelial regenerative capacity, it is a reliable index for quality control of oral keratinocytes.
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Lloyd WR, Lee SY, Elahi SF, Chen LC, Kuo S, Kim HM, Marcelo C, Feinberg SE, Mycek MA. Noninvasive Optical Assessment of Implanted Tissue-Engineered Construct Success In Situ. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:287-295. [PMID: 33726570 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was developed for label-free, noninvasive, and real-time assessment of implanted tissue-engineered devices manufactured from primary human oral keratinocytes (six batches in two 5-patient cohorts). Constructs were implanted in a murine model for 1 and 3 weeks. DRS evaluated construct success in situ using optical absorption (hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation, attributed to revascularization) and optical scattering (attributed to cellular density and layer thickness). Destructive pre- and postimplantation histology distinguished experimental control from stressed constructs, whereas noninvasive preimplantation measures of keratinocyte glucose consumption and residual glucose in spent culture media did not. In constructs implanted for 1 week, DRS distinguished control due to stressed and compromised from healthy constructs. In constructs implanted for 3 weeks, DRS identified constructs with higher postimplantation success. These results suggest that quantitative DRS is a promising, clinically compatible technology for rapid, noninvasive, and localized tissue assessment to characterize tissue-engineered construct success in vivo. Impact statement Despite the recent advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, there is still a lack of nondestructive tools to longitudinally monitor the implanted tissue-engineered devices. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as a clinically viable technique for noninvasive, label-free, and rapid characterization of graft success in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Lloyd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Seung Yup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sakib F Elahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leng-Chun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cynthia Marcelo
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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