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Lyu Z, Xin M, Oyston DR, Xue T, Kang H, Wang X, Wang Z, Li Q. Cause and consequence of heterogeneity in human mesenchymal stem cells: Challenges in clinical application. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155354. [PMID: 38870711 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are mesoderm-derived adult stem cells with self-proliferation capacity, pluripotent differentiation potency, and excellent histocompatibility. These advantages make hMSCs a promising tool in clinical application. However, the majority of clinical trials using hMSC therapy for diverse human diseases do not achieve expectations, despite the prospective pre-clinical outcomes in animal models. This is partly attributable to the intrinsic heterogeneity of hMSCs. In this review, the cause of heterogeneity in hMSCs is systematically discussed at multiple levels, including isolation methods, cultural conditions, donor-to-donor variation, tissue sources, intra-tissue subpopulations, etc. Additionally, the effect of hMSCs heterogeneity on the contrary role in tumor progression and immunomodulation is also discussed. The attempts to understand the cellular heterogeneity of hMSCs and its consequences are important in supporting and improving therapeutic strategies for hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Lyu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Xin
- Assisted Reproductive Center, Women's & Children's Hospital of Northwest, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Dale Reece Oyston
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tingyu Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangling Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Cirves EP, Vargas A, Wheeler EE, Leach JK, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Simon SI. Neutrophil Granulopoiesis Optimized Through Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Progenitors in Engineered 3D Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301966. [PMID: 38345178 PMCID: PMC11144100 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first line of defense of the innate immune system. In response to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in the skin, hematopoietic stem, and progenitor cells (HSPCs) traffic to wounds and undergo extramedullary granulopoiesis, producing neutrophils necessary to resolve the infection. This prompted the engineering of a gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel that encapsulates HSPCs within a matrix amenable to subcutaneous delivery. The authors study the influence of hydrogel mechanical properties to produce an artificial niche for granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) to efficiently expand into functional neutrophils that can populate infected tissue. Lin-cKIT+ HSPCs, harvested from fluorescent neutrophil reporter mice, are encapsulated in GelMA hydrogels of varying polymer concentration and UV-crosslinked to produce HSPC-laden gels of specific stiffness and mesh sizes. Softer 5% GelMA gels yield the most viable progenitors and effective cell-matrix interactions. Compared to suspension culture, 5% GelMA results in a twofold expansion of mature neutrophils that retain antimicrobial functions including degranulation, phagocytosis, and ROS production. When implanted dermally in C57BL/6J mice, luciferase-expressing neutrophils expanded in GelMA hydrogels are visualized at the site of implantation for over 5 days. They demonstrate the potential of GelMA hydrogels for delivering HSPCs directly to the site of skin infection to promote local granulopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P. Cirves
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, Address: 451 East Health Sciences Drive, 2303 GBSF, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Alex Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Erika E. Wheeler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, Address: 4860 Y Street, Suite 3800, Sacramento, CA, 95817
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, Address: 4860 Y Street, Suite 3800, Sacramento, CA, 95817
| | - Tomas Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA., Address: 124 E Morton Street, Health Science and Technology Building, Bethlehem, PA 18015
| | - Scott I. Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
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Gresham RC, Filler AC, Fok SW, Czachor M, Schmier N, Pearson C, Bahney C, Leach JK. Compliant substrates mitigate the senescence associated phenotype of stress induced mesenchymal stromal cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:770-780. [PMID: 38095311 PMCID: PMC10948313 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising cell population for musculoskeletal cell-based therapies due to their multipotent differentiation capacity and complex secretome. Cells from younger donors are mechanosensitive, evidenced by changes in cell morphology, adhesivity, and differentiation as a function of substrate stiffness in both two- and three-dimensional culture. However, MSCs from older individuals exhibit reduced differentiation potential and increased senescence, limiting their potential for autologous use. While substrate stiffness is known to modulate cell phenotype, the influence of the mechanical environment on senescent MSCs is poorly described. To address this question, we cultured irradiation induced premature senescent MSCs on polyacrylamide hydrogels and assessed expression of senescent markers, cell morphology, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Compared to cells on tissue culture plastic, senescent MSCs exhibited decreased markers of the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) when cultured on 50 kPa gels, yet common markers of senescence (e.g., p21, CDKN2A, CDKN1A) were unaffected. These effects were muted in a physiologically relevant heterotypic mix of healthy and senescent MSCs. Conditioned media from senescent MSCs on compliant substrates increased osteoblast mineralization compared to conditioned media from cells on TCP. Mixed populations of senescent and healthy cells induced similar levels of osteoblast mineralization compared to healthy MSCs, further indicating an attenuation of the senescent phenotype in heterotypic populations. These data indicate that senescent MSCs exhibit a decrease in senescent phenotype when cultured on compliant substrates, which may be leveraged to improve autologous cell therapies for older donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C.H. Gresham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Andrea C. Filler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Shierly W. Fok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Molly Czachor
- Steadman Phillippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Natalie Schmier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Claire Pearson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Han W, Gu D, Li X, Chen H, Tao X, Chen L. Young TSPC-Derived Exosomal circPVT1 Ameliorates Aging-Impaired Cell Function via SIRT1/NF-κB. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:248-254. [PMID: 38842177 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2024.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendon stem/progenitor cell (TSPC) senescence is often associated with age-dependent tendon diseases and greatly reduces the capacities for tendon repair and replacement. Exosomes contain bioactive molecules and have been increasingly used in regenerative medicine. In the present study, we demonstrated the antiaging effects of young exosomes from circPVT1-overexpressing TSPCs at early passages (circPVT1-exo). These exosomes attenuated the phenotypes of aged TSPCs at late passages (L-TSPCs) by enhancing self-renewal and proliferation abilities, suppressing cell senescence, maintaining their tenogenic capacity, and weakening their osteogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, circPVT1-exo inhibited the NF-κB pathway and increased SIRT1 expression in L-TSPCs. Knockdown of SIRT1 reversed these effects as evidenced by increased senescence, decreased proliferation, and tenogenic differentiation. These results suggest that circPVT1-exo may ameliorate aging-impaired TSPC function by modulating the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway, suggesting that circPVT1-exo has therapeutic potential for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqiang Gu
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongguang Chen
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Tao
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of the Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tian Y, Hu M, Liu X, Wang X, Lu D, Li Z, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhou Y. ZIM1 Combined with Hydrogel Inhibits Senescence of Primary PαS Cells during In Vitro Expansion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119766. [PMID: 37298717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) are a promising source of seed cells in bone tissue engineering, which needs a great quantity of cells. Cell senescence occurs as they are passaged, which could affect the therapeutic effects of cells. Therefore, this study aims to explore the transcriptomic differences among the uncultured and passaged cells, finding a practical target gene for anti-aging. We sorted PαS (PDGFR-α+SCA-1+CD45-TER119-) cells as BMSCs by flow cytometry analysis. The changes in cellular senescence phenotype (Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) test, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity staining, expression of aging-related genes, telomere-related changes and in vivo differentiation potential) and associated transcriptional alterations during three important cell culture processes (in vivo, first adherence in vitro, first passage, and serial passage in vitro) were studied. Overexpression plasmids of potential target genes were made and examed. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was applied to explore the anti-aging effects combined with the target gene. Aging-related genes and ROS levels increased, telomerase activity and average telomere length decreased, and SA-β-Gal activities increased as cells were passaged. RNA-seq offered that imprinted zinc-finger gene 1 (Zim1) played a critical role in anti-aging during cell culture. Further, Zim1 combined with GelMA reduced the expression of P16/P53 and ROS levels with doubled telomerase activities. Few SA-β-Gal positive cells were found in the above state. These effects are achieved at least by the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling through the regulation of Wnt2. The combined application of Zim1 and hydrogel could inhibit the senescence of BMSCs during in vitro expansion, which may benefit clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Menglong Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dazhuang Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center for Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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