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Sánchez-Soto MF, Gaona O, Vigueras-Galván AL, Suzán G, Falcón LI, Vázquez-Domínguez E. Prevalence and transmission of the most relevant zoonotic and vector-borne pathogens in the Yucatan peninsula: A review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012286. [PMID: 38959260 PMCID: PMC11251636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habitat modification and land use changes impact ecological interactions and alter the relationships between humans and nature. Mexico has experienced significant landscape modifications at the local and regional scales, with negative effects on forest cover and biological biodiversity, especially in the Yucatan peninsula in southeastern Mexico. Given the close relationship between landscape modification and the transmission of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, it is essential to develop criteria for identifying priority zoonoses in the south of the country. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We reviewed 165 published studies on zoonotic and vector-borne diseases in the region (2015-2024). We identified the most frequent vectors, reservoirs, and hosts, the most prevalent infections, and the factors associated with transmission risk and the anthropogenic landscape modification in urban, rural, ecotone, and sylvatic habitats. The most relevant pathogens of zoonotic risk included Trypanosoma cruzi, arboviruses, Leishmania, Rickettsia, Leptospira, and Toxoplasma gondii. Trypanosoma cruzi was the vector-borne agent with the largest number of infected vertebrate species across habitats, while Leishmania and arboviruses were the ones that affected the greatest number of people. Dogs, cats, backyard animals, and their hematophagous ectoparasites are the most likely species maintaining the transmission cycles in human settlements, while rodents, opossums, bats, and other synanthropic animals facilitate connection and transmission cycles between forested habitats with human-modified landscapes. Pathogens displayed different prevalences between the landscapes, T. cruzi, arbovirus, and Leptospira infections were the most prevalent in urban and rural settlements, whereas Leishmania and Rickettsia had similar prevalence across habitats, likely due to the diversity and abundance of the infected vectors involved. The prevalence of T. gondii and Leptospira spp. may reflect poor hygiene conditions. Additionally, results suggest that prevalence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases is higher in deforested areas and agricultural aggregates, and in sites with precarious health and infrastructure services. CONCLUSIONS Some hosts, vectors, and transmission trends of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases in the YP are well known but others remain poorly recognized. It is imperative to reinforce practices aimed at increasing the knowledge, monitoring, prevention, and control of these diseases at the regional level. We also emphasize the need to perform studies on a larger spatio-temporal scale under the socio-ecosystem perspective, to better elucidate the interactions between pathogens, hosts, vectors, environment, and sociocultural and economic aspects in this and many other tropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Fernanda Sánchez-Soto
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, México
| | - Osiris Gaona
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, México
| | - Ana Laura Vigueras-Galván
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- International Joint Laboratory Ecosystem, biological diversity, habitat modifications, and risk of emerging pathogens and diseases in Mexico (ELDORADO), UNAM-IRD, Mérida, México
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- International Joint Laboratory Ecosystem, biological diversity, habitat modifications, and risk of emerging pathogens and diseases in Mexico (ELDORADO), UNAM-IRD, Mérida, México
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades y Una Salud, Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luisa I. Falcón
- Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ecología, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, México
| | - Ella Vázquez-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Ecología, Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Lucca V, Nuñez S, Pucheta MB, Radman N, Rigonatto T, Sánchez G, Del Curto B, Oliva D, Mariño B, López G, Bonin S, Trevisan G, Stanchi NO. Lyme Disease: A Review with Emphasis on Latin America. Microorganisms 2024; 12:385. [PMID: 38399789 PMCID: PMC10892289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Lyme Group) is the causative agent of Lyme disease, transmitted to humans through tick bites carrying the bacteria. Common symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and the characteristic erythema migrans skin rash. If left untreated, the infection can affect joints, the cardiac system, and the nervous system. Diagnosis relies on symptoms, clinical signs (such as the rash), and potential exposure to infected ticks, with laboratory tests proving valuable when appropriately employed with validated methods. Most cases of Lyme disease respond effectively to a few weeks of antibiotic treatment. In Latin America, knowledge of Lyme disease is limited and often confounded, underscoring the significance of this review in aiding medical professionals in recognizing the disease. This study delves explicitly into Lyme disease in Argentina, neighboring countries, and other Latin American nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanina Lucca
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
| | - Sandra Nuñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Noreste, Corrientes 3400, Argentina; (T.R.)
| | - María Belen Pucheta
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
| | - Nilda Radman
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Teresita Rigonatto
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Noreste, Corrientes 3400, Argentina; (T.R.)
| | - Graciela Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Noreste, Corrientes 3400, Argentina; (T.R.)
| | - Beatriz Del Curto
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Dolores Oliva
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Betina Mariño
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Esperanza 3080, Argentina;
| | - Giuliana López
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
| | - Serena Bonin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Giusto Trevisan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Nestor Oscar Stanchi
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina (S.N.); (M.B.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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Suárez-Galaz A, Reyes-Novelo E, Hernández-Betancourt S, Panti-May A, Estrella E, Sánchez-Montes S, Noh-Pech H, Lugo-Caballero C, Colunga-Salas P, Peláez-Sánchez R, Sosa-Escalante J, Herrera-Flores BG, Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Torres-Castro M. Study on the relation of the characteristics of the capture sites with the Leptospira spp. occurrence in bats and rodents from Yucatan, Mexico. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107072. [PMID: 38008370 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to describe the natural Leptospira occurrence in small mammals from Yucatan, Mexico, and to explore the relation between the characteristics of the capture sites and the Leptospira occurrence. Bats and rodents were captured in five sites of Yucatan state, and from them, a kidney fragment was collected that was used in the genomic DNA extraction. Leptospira DNA was identified by PCR targeting the 16S-rRNA and LipL32 genes. Additionally, a bioinformatic analysis was carried out to know the Leptospira species and was corroborated with a phylogenetic tree. The assemblage of small mammals was compound of 82 (51.2 %) bats and 78 (48.8 %) rodents. A global frequency (bats plus rodents) of Leptospira occurrence of 21.2 % (34/160) was observed; in bats, it was 21.9 % (18/82), and in rodents, 20.5 % (16/78). The phylogenetic trees based on LipL32 gene showed that the recovered sequences most closely resemble the species L. borgpetersenii and L. noguchii. The ordination of the capture sites with tropical deciduous forests as original vegetation is more related to the abundance of Leptospira-infected rodents. The ordination of the capture sites with tropical sub-deciduous forests as original vegetation is more related to the diversity of Leptospira-infected bat species. The canonical ordering of the capture sites is by the original vegetation type and the diversity and abundance of Leptospira-infected bat and rodent species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Suárez-Galaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reyes-Novelo
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Silvia Hernández-Betancourt
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Alonso Panti-May
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Erendira Estrella
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Región Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico; Centro de Medicina Tropical, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Henry Noh-Pech
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - César Lugo-Caballero
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Pablo Colunga-Salas
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Ronald Peláez-Sánchez
- Escuela de Graduados, Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Vida y la Salud, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Belén G Herrera-Flores
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Roger I Rodríguez-Vivas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Marco Torres-Castro
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico.
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Ortiz-Ramírez JÁ, Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Hernández-Escareño JJ, Galan-Huerta KA, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Moreno-Degollado G, Medina-De la Garza CE, Sánchez-Casas RM, Fernández-Salas I. Molecular and Serological Identification of Anaplasma marginale and Borrelia burgdorferi in Cattle and Ticks from Nuevo Leon, Northern Mexico. Pathogens 2023; 12:784. [PMID: 37375474 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases affect livestock productivity and cause significant economic losses. Therefore, surveillance of these pathogens and vectors is paramount to reducing these effects in livestock. This study aimed to identify Anaplasma marginale and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks collected from cattle. Molecular biology techniques were utilized to identify A. marginale for both types of samples, i.e., ticks and bovine blood. Serology of cattle using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was conducted to determine antibodies to B. burgdorferi s.l. from seven locations in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, between 2015 and 2017. From 404 bovines, 2880 ticks were collected: Rhipicephalus microplus (2391 females and 395 males), Amblyomma spp. (51 females and 42 males) and Dermacentor variabilis (1 female). Rhipicephalus microplus represented the largest specimens captured, with 96.7% within the seven study sites. PCR processed only 15% (442) of tick samples to identify A. marginale. Field genera proportions were followed to select testing tick numbers. Results showed that 9.9% (44/442) of A. maginale infected the pooled tick species, whereas the highest percent corresponded to 9.4% (38/404) in R. microplus. Regarding the molecular analysis of blood samples, 214 of 337 (63.5%) were positive for A. maginale. In each of the seven locations, at least one bovine sample tested positive for A. maginale. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. was not found either in the ticks or serum samples. Two A.marginale DNA nucleotide sequences obtained in this study were deposited in the GenBank with the following accession numbers OR050501 cattle, and OR050500 R.microplus tick. Results of this work point to current distribution of bovine anaplasmosis in northern Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel Ortiz-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66054, NL, Mexico
| | - Jorge Jesús Rodríguez-Rojas
- Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66460, NL, Mexico
| | | | - Kame-A Galan-Huerta
- Departamento de Bioquímicay Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66460, NL, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Alfonso Rebollar-Téllez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Moreno-Degollado
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66054, NL, Mexico
| | - Carlos E Medina-De la Garza
- Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66460, NL, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Sánchez-Casas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66054, NL, Mexico
- Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66460, NL, Mexico
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66460, NL, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, NL, Mexico
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Vogt NA, Stevens CPG. Why the Rationale for Canine Borrelia burgdorferi Vaccination Is Unpersuasive. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:719060. [PMID: 34458359 PMCID: PMC8385313 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.719060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine A Vogt
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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