1
|
Pulkina A, Vasilyev K, Muzhikyan A, Sergeeva M, Romanovskaya-Romanko E, Shurygina AP, Shuklina M, Vasin A, Stukova M, Egorov A. IgGκ Signal Peptide Enhances the Efficacy of an Influenza Vector Vaccine against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11445. [PMID: 37511205 PMCID: PMC10380829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal vaccination using influenza vectors is a promising approach to developing vaccines against respiratory pathogens due to the activation of the mucosa-associated immune response. However, there is no clear evidence of a vector design that could be considered preferable. To find the optimal structure of an influenza vector with a modified NS genomic segment, we constructed four vector expressing identical transgene sequences inherited from the F protein of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Two vectors were designed aiming at transgene accumulation in the cytosol. Another two were supplemented with an IgGκ signal peptide prior to the transgene for its extracellular delivery. Surprisingly, adding the IgGκ substantially enhanced the T-cell immune response to the CD8 epitope of the transgene. Moreover, this strategy allowed us to obtain a better protection of mice from the RSV challenge after a single intranasal immunization. Protection was achieved without antibodies, mediated by a balanced T-cell immune response including the formation of the RSV specific effector CD8+ IFNγ+/IL10+-producing cells and the accumulation of Treg cells preventing immunopathology in the lungs of infected mice. In addition to the presented method for optimizing the influenza vector, our results highlight the possibility of achieving protection against RSV through a respiratory-associated T-cell immune response alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Pulkina
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill Vasilyev
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arman Muzhikyan
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mariia Sergeeva
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Romanovskaya-Romanko
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna-Polina Shurygina
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina Shuklina
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Vasin
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina Stukova
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrej Egorov
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gerloff D, Sunderkötter C, Wohlrab J. Importance of microRNAs in Skin Oncogenesis and Their Suitability as Agents and Targets for Topical Therapy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 33:270-279. [PMID: 33080592 DOI: 10.1159/000509879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, with rapidly increasing incidence and consistent mortality. Skin cancer encompasses melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, which in turn is mainly divided into cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Small noncoding micro-RNAs (miRNAs) regulate protein expression after transcription and play a role in the development and progression of skin cancer. Deregulated expression of miRNAs in skin cancer is associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis, immune response, and drug resistance. Specific patterns of miRNAs in specific skin cancer types can be used as diagnostic markers. For therapeutic purposes, both miRNA and chemically modified variants thereof as well as miRNA antagonists (antagomiRs) or RNA inhibitors may be applied topically. Due to their specific physicochemical properties, physical or chemical diffusion promoters are used with varying degrees of success. There is no question by now that such preparations have a high potential for the treatment of epithelial skin tumors in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Gerloff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany,
| | - Cord Sunderkötter
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes Wohlrab
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lipid gene nanocarriers for the treatment of skin diseases: Current state-of-the-art. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:95-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
4
|
Rey-Jurado E, Soto J, Gálvez N, Kalergis AM. A safe and efficient BCG vectored vaccine to prevent the disease caused by the human Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2092-2097. [PMID: 28598702 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1334026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) causes lower respiratory tract infections including pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Such infections also cause a large number of hospitalizations and affects mainly newborns, young children and the elderly worldwide. Symptoms associated with hRSV infection are due to an exacerbated immune response characterized by low levels of IFN-γ, recruitment of neutrophils and eosinophils to the site of infection and lung damage. Although hRSV is a major health problem, no vaccines are currently available. Different immunization approaches have been developed to achieve a vaccine that activates the immune system, without triggering an unbalanced inflammation. These approaches include live attenuated vaccine, DNA or proteins technologies, and the use of vectors to express proteins of the virus. In this review, we discuss the host immune response to hRSV and the immunological mechanisms underlying an effective and safe BCG vectored vaccine against hRSV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rey-Jurado
- a Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Jorge Soto
- a Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Nicolás Gálvez
- a Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- a Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.,b Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rey-Jurado E, Kalergis AM. Immunological Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Caused Pneumonia-Implications for Vaccine Design. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E556. [PMID: 28273842 PMCID: PMC5372572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the causative agent for high rates of hospitalizations due to viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. Such a disease is characterized by an infection of epithelial cells of the distal airways that leads to inflammation and subsequently to respiratory failure. Upon infection, different pattern recognition receptors recognize the virus and trigger the innate immune response against the hRSV. Further, T cell immunity plays an important role for virus clearance. Based on animal studies, it is thought that the host immune response to hRSV is based on a biased T helper (Th)-2 and Th17 T cell responses with the recruitment of T cells, neutrophils and eosinophils to the lung, causing inflammation and tissue damage. In contrast, human immunity against RSV has been shown to be more complex with no definitive T cell polarization profile. Nowadays, only a humanized monoclonal antibody, known as palivizumab, is available to protect against hRSV infection in high-risk infants. However, such treatment involves several injections at a significantly high cost. For these reasons, intense research has been focused on finding novel vaccines or therapies to prevent hRSV infection in the population. Here, we comprehensively review the recent literature relative to the immunological features during hRSV infection, as well as the new insights into preventing the disease caused by this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rey-Jurado
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330644, Chile.
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330644, Chile.
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330644, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Developing a transdermal drug delivery system is a challenging task considering the selective permeability of the skin and the physicochemical properties the drug must possess to permeate through the skin. Lipid-based drug delivery systems have contributed a great deal in this direction in the last few decades, and thereby have helped to expand the range of therapeutic molecules that can be delivered through the skin in a safe and effective manner. Additionally, vesicular delivery systems such as nanoparticles and emulsions have also played important roles in providing alternative novel approaches for drug delivery. In this article, we will discuss some of the current and future lipid-based systems for transdermal drug delivery along with the associated challenges.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ramirez LA, Arango T, Boyer J. Therapeutic and prophylactic DNA vaccines for HIV-1. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 13:563-73. [PMID: 23477730 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.758709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA vaccines have moved into clinical trials in several fields and their success will be important for licensure of this vaccine modality. An effective vaccine for HIV-1 remains elusive and the development of one is troubled by safety and efficacy issues. Additionally, the ability for an HIV-1 vaccine to induce both the cellular and humoral arms of the immune system is needed. DNA vaccines not only offer a safe approach for the development of an HIV-1 vaccine but they have also been shown to elicit both arms of the immune system. AREAS COVERED This review explores how DNA vaccine design including the regimen, genetic adjuvants used, targeting, and mode of delivery continues to undergo improvements, thereby providing a potential option for an immunogenic vaccine for HIV-1. EXPERT OPINION Continued improvements in delivery technology, in particular electroporation, and the use of prime-boost vaccine strategies will aid in boosting the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. Basic immunology research will also help discover new potential adjuvant targets that can be combined with DNA vaccination, such as inhibitors of inhibitory receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Antonio Ramirez
- University of Pennsylvania, Pathology, Stellar Chance Labs, 422 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee JS, Kwon YM, Hwang HS, Lee YN, Ko EJ, Yoo SE, Kim MC, Kim KH, Cho MK, Lee YT, Lee YR, Quan FS, Kang SM. Baculovirus-expressed virus-like particle vaccine in combination with DNA encoding the fusion protein confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus. Vaccine 2014; 32:5866-74. [PMID: 25173478 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major viral agent causing significant morbidity and mortality in young infants and the elderly. There is no licensed vaccine against RSV and it is a high priority to develop a safe RSV vaccine. We determined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of combined virus-like particle and DNA vaccines presenting RSV glycoproteins (Fd.VLP) in comparison with formalin inactivated RSV (FI-RSV). Immunization of mice with Fd.VLP induced higher ratios of IgG2a/IgG1 antibody responses compared to those with FI-RSV. Upon live RSV challenge, Fd.VLP and FI-RSV vaccines were similarly effective in clearing lung viral loads. However, FI-RSV immunized mice showed a substantial weight loss and high levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines as well as extensive lung histopathology and eosinophil infiltration. In contrast, Fd.VLP immunized mice did not exhibit Th2 type cytokines locally and systemically, which might contribute to preventing vaccine-associated RSV lung disease. These results indicate that virus-like particles in combination with DNA vaccines represent a potential approach for developing a safe and effective RSV vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seok Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Young-Man Kwon
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Hye Suk Hwang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Yu-Na Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Eun-Ju Ko
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Si-Eun Yoo
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Min-Chul Kim
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang City, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hye Kim
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Min Kyoung Cho
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Young-Tae Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - You Ri Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Karande P, Mitragotri S. Transcutaneous immunization: an overview of advantages, disease targets, vaccines, and delivery technologies. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2012; 1:175-201. [PMID: 22432578 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-073009-100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Skin is an immunologically active tissue composed of specialized cells and agents that capture and process antigens to confer immune protection. Transcutaneous immunization takes advantage of the skin immune network by inducing a protective immune response against topically applied antigens. This mode of vaccination presents a novel and attractive approach for needle-free immunization that is safe, noninvasive, and overcomes many of the limitations associated with needle-based administrations. In this review we will discuss the developments in the field of transcutaneous immunization in the past decade with special emphasis on disease targets and vaccine delivery technologies. We will also briefly discuss the challenges that need to be overcome to translate early laboratory successes in transcutaneous immunization into the development of effective clinical prophylactics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Karande
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The living epidermis and dermis are rich in antigen presenting cells (APCs). Their activation can elicit a strong humoral and cellular immune response as well as mucosal immunity. Therefore, the skin is a very attractive site for vaccination, and an intradermal application of antigen may be much more effective than a subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. However, the stratum corneum (SC) is a most effective barrier against the invasion of topically applied vaccines. Products which have reached the stage of clinical testing, avoid this problem by injecting the nano‐vaccine intradermally or by employing a barrier disrupting method and applying the vaccine to a relatively large skin area. Needle‐free vaccination is desirable from a number of aspects: ease of application, improved patient acceptance and less risk of infection among them. Nanocarriers can be designed in a way that they can overcome the SC. Also incorporation into nanocarriers protects instable antigen from degradation, improves uptake and processing by APCs, and facilitates endosomal escape and nuclear delivery of DNA vaccines. In addition, sustained release systems may build a depot in the tissue gradually releasing antigen which may avoid booster doses. Therefore, nanoformulations of vaccines for transcutaneous immunization are currently a very dynamic field of research. Among the huge variety of nanocarrier systems that are investigated hopes lie on ultra‐flexible liposomes, superfine rigid nanoparticles and nanocarriers, which are taken up by hair follicles. The potential and pitfalls associated with these three classes of carriers will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Hansen
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland-HIPS, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research-HZI, Saarbruecken, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Romero EL, Morilla MJ. Topical and mucosal liposomes for vaccine delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 3:356-75. [PMID: 21360692 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal (and in minor extent transcutanous) stimulation can induce local or distant mucosa secretory IgA. Liposomes and other vesicles as mucosal and transcutaneous adjuvants are attractive alternatives to parenteral vaccination. Liposomes can be massively produced under good manufacturing practices and stored for long periods, at high antigen/vesicle mass ratios. However, their uptake by antigen-presenting cells (APC) at the inductive sites remains as a major challenge. As neurotoxicity is a major concern in intranasal delivery, complexes between archaeosomes and calcium as well as cationic liposomes complexed with plasmids encoding for antigenic proteins could safely elicit secretory and systemic antigen-specific immune responses. Oral bilosomes generate intense immune responses that remain to be tested against challenge, but the admixing with toxins or derivatives is mandatory to reduce the amount of antigen. Most of the current experimental designs, however, underestimate the mucus blanket 100- to 1000-fold thicker than a 100-nm diameter liposome, which has first to be penetrated to access the underlying M cells. Overall, designing mucoadhesive chemoenzymatic resistant liposomes, or selectively targeted to M cells, has produced less relevant results than tailoring the liposomes to make them mucus penetrating. Opposing, the nearly 10 µm thickness stratum corneum interposed between liposomes and underlying APC can be surpassed by ultradeformable liposomes (UDL), with lipid matrices that penetrate up to the limit with the viable epidermis. UDL made of phospholipids and detergents, proved to be better transfection agents than conventional liposomes and niosomes, without the toxicity of ethosomes, in the absence of classical immunomodulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eder Lilia Romero
- Nanomedicine Research Program, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ingolotti M, Kawalekar O, Shedlock DJ, Muthumani K, Weiner DB. DNA vaccines for targeting bacterial infections. Expert Rev Vaccines 2010; 9:747-63. [PMID: 20624048 DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA vaccination has been of great interest since its discovery in the 1990s due to its ability to elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. DNA vaccines consist of a DNA plasmid containing a transgene that encodes the sequence of a target protein from a pathogen under the control of a eukaryotic promoter. This revolutionary technology has proven to be effective in animal models and four DNA vaccine products have recently been approved for veterinary use. Although few DNA vaccines against bacterial infections have been tested, the results are encouraging. Because of their versatility, safety and simplicity a wider range of organisms can be targeted by these vaccines, which shows their potential advantages to public health. This article describes the mechanism of action of DNA vaccines and their potential use for targeting bacterial infections. In addition, it provides an updated summary of the methods used to enhance immunogenicity from codon optimization and adjuvants to delivery techniques including electroporation and use of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ingolotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|