Kyuwa S, Sugiura Y. Role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and interferon-γ in coronavirus infection: Lessons from murine coronavirus infections in mice.
J Vet Med Sci 2020;
82:1410-1414. [PMID:
32759577 PMCID:
PMC7653326 DOI:
10.1292/jvms.20-0313]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine coronavirus (CoV) is a beta-CoV that infects mice by binding to carcinoembryonic
antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1. Intraperitoneal infection with the murine CoV
strain JHM (JHMV) induces acute mild hepatitis in mice. While both innate and acquired
immune responses play a significant role in the protection against murine CoV infection in
mice, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and interferon-γ are essential for
viral clearance in JHMV-induced hepatitis. In addition, CoVs are characterized by high
diversity, caused by mutations, recombination, and gene gain/loss. 25V16G is an
immune-escape JHMV variant, which lacks a dominant CTL epitope. By evading immune
responses, 25V16G establishes persistent infections, leading to granulomatous serositis in
interferon-γ-deficient mice. These examples of CoV-associated pathogenesis in mice might
provide useful information on other CoV infections, including coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19).
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