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Mari-Ribeiro IP, Scorsim B, Ranucci L, Borin-Carvalho LA, Oliveira AVD, Portela-Castro ALDB. Integrating Genetic and Cytogenetic Data: A Diversity Study of Astyanax and Psalidodon (Characidae) Species from the Paraná River Basin. Zebrafish 2024. [PMID: 38813664 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2024.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Astyanax is one of the most specious fish groups in the Neotropical region, with many cryptic species, which represents a challenge for correct identification through traditional taxonomic methods. Psalidodon is a recently resurrected genus group of species previously belonging to Astyanax, specifically those with extensive chromosomal variation of the A. scabripinnis and fasciatus complexes. In the present study, the mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), mitochondrial ATP synthase 6 and 8 (ATPase 6/8), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) were used in conjunction with chromosomal data to characterize molecularly and cytogenetically populations of Astyanax and Psalidodon from rivers and streams of the Ivaí River Basin (Paraná Basin). The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the integrative use of molecular and cytogenetic techniques, with the confirmation of at least three species for the sampled sites: A. lacustris, P. paranae, and P. fasciatus, which showed inter- and intrapopulation karyotype variations. In addition, extensive haplotypic variation can be observed for these species within the Ivaí River Basin and throughout the Paraná River Basin. The data demonstrate a hidden diversity among the species analyzed, enrich the ichthyofaunistic knowledge of small rivers and streams, and contribute to future conservation projects in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pereira Mari-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Scorsim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Leandro Ranucci
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Luciana Andréia Borin-Carvalho
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Valéria de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura-Nupélia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza de Brito Portela-Castro
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular (DBC), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura-Nupélia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil
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Gavazzoni M, Pavanelli CS, Graça WJ, De Oliveira EA, Moreira-Filho O, Margarido VP. Species delimitation in Psalidodon fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) complex (Teleostei: Characidae) from three hydrographic basins. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Psalidodon fasciatus is a complex of several fish species widely distributed in Brazilian hydrographic systems that share morphological characteristics and show a high taxonomic complexity and genetic variability. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses were carried out in populations from three Brazilian hydrographic basins, aiming to contribute to systematic and biogeographical knowledge of the group. The chromosomal markers verified the occurrence of species-specific characters and indicated the existence of six distinct operational taxonomic units (OTUs): P. fasciatus (São Francisco River basin), Psalidodon sp. 1, Psalidodon sp. 2 and Psalidodon eigenmanniorum (Uruguay River basin); and Psalidodon sp. 3 and Psalidodon sp. 4 (Paraná River basin). The chromosomal markers showed more similarities among species from the Uruguay River and São Francisco River basins. DNA barcoding analyses (assemble species by automatic partitioning, neighbour-joining, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony) indicated the existence of at least three distinct OTUs. The chromosomal evolution rates were demonstrated to be higher than the molecular evolution rates, reinforcing the importance of using chromosomal markers to delimit OTUs in integrative taxonomy studies. These results suggest that the São Francisco River Basin population (the type locality) should be considered as true P. fasciatus, and the others, until now treated as Psalidodon aff. fasciatus, are cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Gavazzoni
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel, Paraná , Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
| | - Carla S Pavanelli
- Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
| | - Weferson J Graça
- Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
| | - Ezequiel A De Oliveira
- Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Mato Grosso, São Felix do Araguaia , Mato Grosso , Brazil
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , São Carlos, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vladimir P Margarido
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel, Paraná , Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá, Paraná , Brazil
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Silva DMZA, Castro JP, Goes CAG, Utsunomia R, Vidal MR, Nascimento CN, Lasmar LF, Paim FG, Soares LB, Oliveira C, Porto-Foresti F, Artoni RF, Foresti F. B Chromosomes in Psalidodon scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae) Species Complex. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172174. [PMID: 36077895 PMCID: PMC9454733 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary For more than a century, B chromosomes have been investigated in several eukaryotic species. These supernumerary genomic elements behave as parasites or provide fitness benefits to the hosts. They are mostly composed of repetitive DNA, but they also have protein-coding genes. B chromosomes are associated with differential gene expression and phenotypic effects. This makes them one of the most interesting genomic elements to investigate. Fish species of the Psalidodon genus harbor a great diversity of B chromosomes. Recent studies showed they share a common ancestor, persisting in the genus for a long time and enduring speciation processes. In the Psalidodon scabripinnis species complex, B chromosomes express their own genes, mostly related to cell cycle and gonad differentiation. Moreover, these B chromosomes are associated with functional effects, e.g., cell cycle extension. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding these elements in the P. scabripinnis species complex and propose a chromosome speciation model facilitated by the B chromosome manipulation of the cell machinery. Abstract B chromosomes are extra-genomic components of cells found in individuals and in populations of some eukaryotic organisms. They have been described since the first observations of chromosomes, but several aspects of their biology remain enigmatic. Despite being present in hundreds of fungi, plants, and animal species, only a small number of B chromosomes have been investigated through high-throughput analyses, revealing the remarkable mechanisms employed by these elements to ensure their maintenance. Populations of the Psalidodon scabripinnis species complex exhibit great B chromosome diversity, making them a useful material for various analyses. In recent years, important aspects of their biology have been revealed. Here, we review these studies presenting a comprehensive view of the B chromosomes in the P. scabripinnis complex and a new hypothesis regarding the role of the B chromosome in the speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duílio M. Z. A. Silva
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Jonathan P. Castro
- Post-Graduate Program in Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Caio A. G. Goes
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Utsunomia
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mateus R. Vidal
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiano N. Nascimento
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas F. Lasmar
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabilene G. Paim
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia B. Soares
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Porto-Foresti
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto F. Artoni
- Post-Graduate Program in Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
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Silva DMZDA, Ruiz-Ruano FJ, Utsunomia R, Martín-Peciña M, Castro JP, Freire PP, Carvalho RF, Hashimoto DT, Suh A, Oliveira C, Porto-Foresti F, Artoni RF, Foresti F, Camacho JPM. Long-term persistence of supernumerary B chromosomes in multiple species of Astyanax fish. BMC Biol 2021; 19:52. [PMID: 33740955 PMCID: PMC7976721 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eukaryote genomes frequently harbor supernumerary B chromosomes in addition to the "standard" A chromosome set. B chromosomes are thought to arise as byproducts of genome rearrangements and have mostly been considered intraspecific oddities. However, their evolutionary transcendence beyond species level has remained untested. RESULTS Here we reveal that the large metacentric B chromosomes reported in several fish species of the genus Astyanax arose in a common ancestor at least 4 million years ago. We generated transcriptomes of A. scabripinnis and A. paranae 0B and 1B individuals and used these assemblies as a reference for mapping all gDNA and RNA libraries to quantify coverage differences between B-lacking and B-carrying genomes. We show that the B chromosomes of A. scabripinnis and A. paranae share 19 protein-coding genes, of which 14 and 11 were also present in the B chromosomes of A. bockmanni and A. fasciatus, respectively. Our search for B-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified the presence of B-derived transcripts in B-carrying ovaries, 80% of which belonged to nobox, a gene involved in oogenesis regulation. Importantly, the B chromosome nobox paralog is expressed > 30× more than the A chromosome paralog. This indicates that the normal regulation of this gene is altered in B-carrying females, which could potentially facilitate B inheritance at higher rates than Mendelian law prediction. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate the long-term survival of B chromosomes despite their lack of regular pairing and segregation during meiosis and that they can endure episodes of population divergence leading to species formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duílio Mazzoni Zerbinato de Andrade Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Ruiz-Ruano
- Department of Organismal Biology - Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, UK.
| | - Ricardo Utsunomia
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, ICBS, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23897-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Campus de Bauru, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | | | - Jonathan Pena Castro
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCAR, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Diogo T Hashimoto
- Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Alexander Suh
- Department of Organismal Biology - Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Fábio Porto-Foresti
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Campus de Bauru, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCAR, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
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Pazza R, Dergam JA, Kavalco KF. Trends in Karyotype Evolution in Astyanax (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae): Insights From Molecular Data. Front Genet 2018; 9:131. [PMID: 29713335 PMCID: PMC5911472 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of patterns and evolutionary processes in neotropical fish is not always an easy task due the wide distribution of major fish groups in large and extensive river basins. Thus, it is not always possible to detect or correlate possible effects of chromosome rearrangements in the evolution of biodiversity. In the Astyanax genus, chromosome data obtained since the 1970s have shown evidence of cryptic species, karyotypic plasticity, supernumerary chromosomes, triploidies, and minor chromosomal rearrangements. In the present work, we map and discuss the main chromosomal events compatible with the molecular evolution of the genus Astyanax (Characiformes, Characidae) using mitochondrial DNA sequence data, in the search for major chromosome evolutionary trends within this taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Pazza
- Laboratory of Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
| | - Jorge A. Dergam
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics “Beagle”, Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Karine F. Kavalco
- Laboratory of Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
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Dos Santos LP, Francisco CM, Castro JP, Barbosa P, Morelli S, de Oliveira LA, Artoni RF. Karyoevolutionary Inferences in Enigmatic Taxon Astyanax (Teleostei: Characidae). Zebrafish 2016; 13:578-583. [PMID: 27454823 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accessing the taxonomy of fish is a basic condition for the conservation of species, and the understanding of their evolutionary relationships. Many Neotropical species of fishes of the order Characiformes are considered incertae sedis because of a lack of consistent evidence of monophyly, with the genus Astyanax among them. With a cytotaxonomic and evolutionary purpose, we compared the karyotype of two species of Astyanax: Astyanax paranae and Astyanax elachylepis. Conventional cytogenetic analyses revealed 2n = 50 chromosomes for the two species, with interspecific and interpopulation karyotype variations. Heterochromatin was primarily localized in the pericentromeric regions, and it was associated with organized regions of the nucleolus (NORs) and/or telomeric regions in some acrocentric chromosomes. The in situ localization of 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and 5S probes varied among A. paranae populations. In A. elachylepis, only one chromosome pair was stained by the 18S probe and another by the 5S probe, confirming a simple NORs pattern. These results support the utility of chromosome markers in Astyanax taxonomy and reveal the conserved characteristics of the karyotype of A. elachylepis, consisting exclusively of two chromosome arms, and the occurrence of simple homologous and non-syntenic sites for 18S and 5S rDNA in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Pereira Dos Santos
- 1 Centro Universitário do Triângulo , Campus UNITRI, Uberlândia, Brazil .,2 Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Jonathan Pena Castro
- 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética Evolutiva e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Barbosa
- 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética Evolutiva e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- 2 Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio de Oliveira
- 4 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética Evolutiva e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , São Carlos, Brazil .,4 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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de A Silva DMZ, Daniel SN, Camacho JPM, Utsunomia R, Ruiz-Ruano FJ, Penitente M, Pansonato-Alves JC, Hashimoto DT, Oliveira C, Porto-Foresti F, Foresti F. Origin of B chromosomes in the genus Astyanax (Characiformes, Characidae) and the limits of chromosome painting. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 291:1407-18. [PMID: 26984341 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryote genomes are frequently burdened with the presence of supernumerary (B) chromosomes. Their origin is frequently investigated by chromosome painting, under the hypothesis that sharing the repetitive DNA sequences contained in the painting probes is a sign of common descent. However, the intragenomic mobility of many anonymous DNA sequences contained in these probes (e.g., transposable elements) adds high uncertainty to this conclusion. Here we test the validity of chromosome painting to investigate B chromosome origin by comparing its results for seven B chromosome types in two fish species genus Astyanax, with those obtained (1) by means of the physical mapping of 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), H1 histone genes, the As51 satellite DNA and the (AC)15 microsatellite, and (2) by comparing the nucleotide sequence of one of these families (ITS regions from ribosomal DNA) between genomic DNA from B-lacking individuals in both species and the microdissected DNA from two metacentric B chromosomes found in these same species. Intra- and inter-specific painting suggested that all B chromosomes that were assayed shared homologous DNA sequences among them, as well as with a variable number of A chromosomes in each species. This finding would be consistent with a common origin for all seven B chromosomes analyzed. By contrast, the physical mapping of repetitive DNA sequences failed to give support to this hypothesis, as no more than two B-types shared a given repetitive DNA. Finally, sequence analysis of the ITS regions suggested that at least some of the B chromosomes could have had a common origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duílio M Z de A Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Sandro Natal Daniel
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Bauru., Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Utsunomia
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | | | - Manolo Penitente
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Bauru., Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Pansonato-Alves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Diogo Teruo Hashimoto
- CAUNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Fábio Porto-Foresti
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Bauru., Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
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8
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Daniel SN, Penitente M, Silva DMZA, Hashimoto DT, Ferreira DC, Foresti F, Porto-Foresti F. Organization and Chromosomal Distribution of Histone Genes and Transposable Rex Elements in the Genome of Astyanax bockmanni (Teleostei, Characiformes). Cytogenet Genome Res 2015; 146:311-8. [PMID: 26618348 DOI: 10.1159/000441613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An important feature of eukaryotic organisms is the number of different repetitive DNA sequences in their genome, a feature not observed in prokaryotes. These sequences are considered to be important components for understanding evolutionary mechanisms and the karyotypic differentiation processes. Thus, we aimed to physically map the histone genes and transposable elements of the Rex family in 6 fish populations of Astyanax bockmanni. FISH results using a histone H1 gene probe showed fluorescent clusters in 2 chromosome pairs in all 6 samples analyzed. In contrast, FISH with a histone H3 probe showed conspicuous blocks in 4 chromosomes in 5 of the 6 populations analyzed. The sixth population revealed 7 chromosomes marked with this probe. Probes for the transposable elements Rex1 and Rex6 showed small sites dispersed on most chromosomes of the 6 populations, and the Rex3 element is located in a big block concentrated in only 1 acrocentric chromosome of 2 populations. As for the other populations, a Rex3 probe showed large blocks in more than 1 chromosome. Fish from Alambari and Campo Novo Stream have Rex3 elements dispersed along most of the chromosomes. Additionally, the conspicuous signals of Rex1, Rex3, and Rex6 were identified in the acrocentric B microchromosome of A. bockmanni found only in individuals of the Alambari River. Thus, we believe that different mechanisms drive the spread of repetitive sequences among the populations analyzed, which appear to be organized differently in the genome of A. bockmanni. The presence of transposable elements in the B chromosome also suggests that these sequences could play a role in the origin and maintenance of the supernumerary element in the genome of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro N Daniel
- Departamento de Cix00EA;ncias Biolx00F3;gicas, Faculdade de Cix00EA;ncias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
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