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Xia D, Jiang D, Yu P, Jia K, Wang J, Shen D, Zhao Q, Lu C. Ras3 in Bombyx mori with antiviral function against B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:105114. [PMID: 38101715 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori ras protein3 (BmRas3) is a small molecular protein in the GTPase superfamily, which has the activity of binding guanosine nucleotides and GTP enzymes. It acts as a molecular switch by coupling extracellular signal to different cellular response through the conversion between Ras-GTP conformation and Ras-GDP conformation, thus regulating signal pathways responsible for cell growth, migration, adhesion, survival and differentiation. However, few studies have been done on Ras3 in silkworm, and its function and mechanism are unclear. In this study, we found that the overexpression of BmRas3 inhibited the infection of BmNPV(B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus), while knockdown of BmRas3 could promote the infection of BmNPV. In addition, after the BmRas3 in silkworm larvae was knockdown, the anti-BmNPV ability of silkworm decreased and the survival rate of silkworm was affected. Additionly in the cells with BmRas3 overexpression, the transcription level of BmMapkk6 、BmP38、BmJNK、BmERK1/2 and BmERK5 were significantly increased after BmNPV infection, and the transcript levels of BmMapkk6、BmP38、BmJNK、BmERK1/2 and BmERK5 were also inhibited to varying degrees This is the first report on the antiviral effect of BmRas3 in silkworm, which provides a new direction for further study on the anti-BmNPV mechanism of silkworm and screening and cultivation of anti-BmNPV silkworm strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Xia
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China.
| | - Dan Jiang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Kaifang Jia
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Dongxu Shen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212018, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Buenaventura RGM, Merlino G, Yu Y. Ez-Metastasizing: The Crucial Roles of Ezrin in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1620. [PMID: 37371090 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is the cytoskeletal organizer and functions in the modulation of membrane-cytoskeleton interaction, maintenance of cell shape and structure, and regulation of cell-cell adhesion and movement, as well as cell survival. Ezrin plays a critical role in regulating tumor metastasis through interaction with other binding proteins. Notably, Ezrin has been reported to interact with immune cells, allowing tumor cells to escape immune attack in metastasis. Here, we review the main functions of Ezrin, the mechanisms through which it acts, its role in tumor metastasis, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Gabriel M Buenaventura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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3
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Zhao S, Luo J, Hu J, Wang H, Zhao N, Cao M, Zhang C, Hu R, Liu L. Role of Ezrin in Asthma-Related Airway Inflammation and Remodeling. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:6255012. [PMID: 36530558 PMCID: PMC9750775 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6255012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is an actin binding protein connecting the cell membrane and the cytoskeleton, which is crucial to maintaining cell morphology, intercellular adhesion, and cytoskeleton remodeling. Asthma involves dysfunction of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and airway structural cells. Recent studies have shown that ezrin, whose function is affected by extensive phosphorylation and protein interactions, is closely associated with asthma, may be a therapeutic target for asthma treatment. In this review, we summarize studies on ezrin and discuss its role in asthma-related airway inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hesheng Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ningwei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Shimadzu Biomedical Research Laboratory, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rongkui Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Schacke S, Kirkpatrick J, Stocksdale A, Bauer R, Hagel C, Riecken LB, Morrison H. Ezrin deficiency triggers glial fibrillary acidic protein upregulation and a distinct reactive astrocyte phenotype. Glia 2022; 70:2309-2329. [PMID: 35929192 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly being recognized as contributors to physiological brain function and behavior. Astrocytes engage in glia-synaptic interactions through peripheral astrocyte processes, thus modulating synaptic signaling, for example, by handling glutamate removal from the synaptic cleft and (re)provision to axonal terminals. Peripheral astrocyte processes are ultrafine membrane protrusions rich in the membrane-to-actin cytoskeleton linker Ezrin, an essential component of in vitro filopodia formation and in vivo peripheral astrocyte process motility. Consequently, it has been postulated that Ezrin significantly contributes to neurodevelopment as well as astrocyte functions within the adult brain. However, while Ezrin has been studied in vitro within cultured primary astrocytes, in vivo studies on the role of Ezrin in astrocytes remain to be conducted and consequences of its depletion to be studied. Here, we investigated consequences of Ezrin deletion in the mouse brain starting from early neuronal specification. While Ezrin knockout did not impact prenatal cerebral cortex development, behavioral phenotyping depicted reduced exploratory behavior. Starting with postnatal appearance of glia cells, Ezrin was verified to remain predominantly expressed in astrocytes. Proteome analysis of Ezrin deficient astrocytes revealed alterations in glutamate and ion homeostasis, metabolism and cell morphology - important processes for synaptic signal transmission. Notably, Ezrin deletion in astrocytes provoked (GFAP) glial fibrillary acidic protein upregulation - a marker of astrocyte activation and reactive astrogliosis. However, this spontaneous, reactive astrogliosis exhibited proteome changes distinct from ischemic-induced reactive astrogliosis. Moreover, in experimental ischemic stroke, Ezrin knockout mice displayed reduced infarct volume, indicating a protective effect of the Ezrin deletion-induced changes and astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schacke
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Amy Stocksdale
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Chen Q, Fan K, Chen X, Xie X, Huang L, Song G, Qi W. Ezrin regulates synovial angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis through YAP and Akt signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9378-9389. [PMID: 34459110 PMCID: PMC8500952 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanisms of Ezrin in synovial vessels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial tissues were obtained from people with osteoarthritis people and patients with RA patients. We also used an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) mice model by using Freund's adjuvant injections. Ezrin expression was analysed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining in synovial vessels of patients with RA and AIA mice. We investigated the role of Ezrin on vascular endothelial cells and its regulatory mechanism in vivo and in vitro by adenoviral transfection technology. Our results suggest a role for the Ezrin protein in proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells in RA. We also demonstrate that Ezrin plays an important role in vascular endothelial cell migration and tube formation through regulation of the Hippo-yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. YAP, as a key protein, can further regulate the activity of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. In AIA mice experiments, we observed that the inhibition of Ezrin or of its downstream YAP pathway can affect synovial angiogenesis and may lead to progression of RA. In conclusion, Ezrin plays an important role in angiogenesis in the RA synovium by regulating YAP nuclear translocation and interacting with the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Chen
- Department of Special ClinicsStomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Kai Fan
- Department of Special ClinicsStomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of DermatologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiaobo Xie
- Department of Joint and OrthopedicsZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Joint and OrthopedicsZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Guangbao Song
- Department of Special ClinicsStomatological HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Weizhong Qi
- Department of Joint and OrthopedicsZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Shang P, Stepicheva N, Teel K, McCauley A, Fitting CS, Hose S, Grebe R, Yazdankhah M, Ghosh S, Liu H, Strizhakova A, Weiss J, Bhutto IA, Lutty GA, Jayagopal A, Qian J, Sahel JA, Samuel Zigler J, Handa JT, Sergeev Y, Rajala RVS, Watkins S, Sinha D. βA3/A1-crystallin regulates apical polarity and EGFR endocytosis in retinal pigmented epithelial cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:850. [PMID: 34239035 PMCID: PMC8266859 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of multifunctional cells located at the back of the eye. High membrane turnover and polarization, including formation of actin-based apical microvilli, are essential for RPE function and retinal health. Herein, we demonstrate an important role for βA3/A1-crystallin in RPE. βA3/A1-crystallin deficiency leads to clathrin-mediated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) endocytosis abnormalities and actin network disruption at the apical side that result in RPE polarity disruption and degeneration. We found that βA3/A1-crystallin binds to phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITPβ) and that βA3/A1-crystallin deficiency diminishes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), thus probably decreasing ezrin phosphorylation, EGFR activation, internalization, and degradation. We propose that βA3/A1-crystallin acquired its RPE function before evolving as a structural element in the lens, and that in the RPE, it modulates the PI(4,5)P2 pool through PITPβ/PLC signaling axis, coordinates EGFR activation, regulates ezrin phosphorylation and ultimately the cell polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadezda Stepicheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth Teel
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Austin McCauley
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Stacey Hose
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rhonda Grebe
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meysam Yazdankhah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anastasia Strizhakova
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Weiss
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Imran A Bhutto
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerard A Lutty
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jiang Qian
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institut de la Vision, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - J Samuel Zigler
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Sergeev
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raju V S Rajala
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Simon Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Angiomotin Counteracts the Negative Regulatory Effect of Host WWOX on Viral PPxY-Mediated Egress. J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.00121-21. [PMID: 33536174 PMCID: PMC8103691 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00121-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Filoviridae family members Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses and Arenaviridae family member Lassa virus (LASV) are emerging pathogens that can cause hemorrhagic fever and high rates of mortality in humans. A better understanding of the interplay between these viruses and the host will inform about the biology of these pathogens, and may lead to the identification of new targets for therapeutic development. Notably, expression of the filovirus VP40 and LASV Z matrix proteins alone drives assembly and egress of virus-like particles (VLPs). The conserved PPxY Late (L) domain motifs in the filovirus VP40 and LASV Z proteins play a key role in the budding process by mediating interactions with select host WW-domain containing proteins that then regulate virus egress and spread. To identify the full complement of host WW-domain interactors, we utilized WT and PPxY mutant peptides from EBOV and MARV VP40 and LASV Z proteins to screen an array of GST-WW-domain fusion proteins. We identified WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) as a novel PPxY-dependent interactor, and we went on to show that full-length WWOX physically interacts with eVP40, mVP40 and LASV Z to negatively regulate egress of VLPs and of a live VSV/Ebola recombinant virus (M40). Interestingly, WWOX is a versatile host protein that regulates multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes via modular interactions between its WW-domains and PPxY motifs of select interacting partners, including host angiomotin (AMOT). Notably, we demonstrated recently that expression of endogenous AMOT not only positively regulates egress of VLPs, but also promotes egress and spread of live EBOV and MARV. Toward the mechanism of action, we show that the competitive and modular interplay among WWOX-AMOT-VP40/Z regulates VLP and M40 virus egress. Thus, WWOX is the newest member of an emerging group of host WW-domain interactors (e.g. BAG3; YAP/TAZ) that negatively regulate viral egress. These findings further highlight the complex interplay of virus-host PPxY/WW-domain interactions and their potential impact on the biology of both the virus and the host during infection.Author Summary Filoviruses (Ebola [EBOV] and Marburg [MARV]) and arenavirus (Lassa virus; LASV) are zoonotic, emerging pathogens that cause outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. A fundamental understanding of the virus-host interface is critical for understanding the biology of these viruses and for developing future strategies for therapeutic intervention. Here, we identified host WW-domain containing protein WWOX as a novel interactor with VP40 and Z, and showed that WWOX inhibited budding of VP40/Z virus-like particles (VLPs) and live virus in a PPxY/WW-domain dependent manner. Our findings are important to the field as they expand the repertoire of host interactors found to regulate PPxY-mediated budding of RNA viruses, and further highlight the competitive interplay and modular virus-host interactions that impact both the virus lifecycle and the host cell.
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Tang S, Jiang J, Zhang N, Sun J, Sun G. Tumor necrosis factor-α requires Ezrin to regulate the cytoskeleton and cause pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier damage. Microvasc Res 2021; 133:104093. [PMID: 33007316 PMCID: PMC7525657 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a rapidly progressive disease with unknown pathogenesis. Damage of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) caused by inflammatory storm caused by cytokines such as TNF-α is the potential pathogenesis of ARDS. In this study, we examined the role of ezrin and Rac1 in TNF-α-related pathways, which regulates the permeability of PMVECs. Primary rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (RPMVECs) were isolated and cultured. RPMVECs were treated with rat TNF-α (0, 1, 10, 100 ng/ml), and the cell activity of each group was measured using a CCK8 kit. The integrity of endothelial barrier was measured by transendothelial resistance (TEER) and FITC-BSA flux across RPMVECs membranes. Pulldown assay and Western blot was used to detect the activity of RAS-associated C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and Ezrin phosphorylation. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting ezrin and Rac1 was utilized to evaluate the effect of RPMVECs permeability and related pathway. The effects of ezrin and Rac1 on cytoskeleton were confirmed by immunofluorescence. Our results revealed that active Rac1 was essential for protecting the RPMVEC barrier stimulated by TNF-α, while active ezrin could partially destroy the PMVEC barrier by reducing Rac1 activity and regulating the subcellular structure of the cytoskeleton. These findings may be used to create new therapeutic strategies for targeting Rac1 in the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, PR China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, PR China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, PR China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, PR China.
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Karvar S, Ansa-Addo EA, Suda J, Singh S, Zhu L, Li Z, Rockey DC. Moesin, an Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin Family Member, Regulates Hepatic Fibrosis. Hepatology 2020; 72:1073-1084. [PMID: 31860744 PMCID: PMC7437180 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Moesin, an ezrin/radixin/moesin family member, is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, polarity, and migration by cross-linking between the actin cytoskeleton and plasma membrane. The primary effector cell in hepatic fibrosis is the hepatic stellate cell (HSC), which undergoes activation during liver injury leading to increased extracellular matrix production. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we have hypothesized that moesin plays a critical role in linking the HSC cytoskeleton to the fibrogenic cascade during HSC activation. Moesin phosphorylation was up-regulated during HSC activation and fibrogenesis. Using moesin wild-type (WT) and mutant constructs (phosphomimicking T558D and nonphosphorylatable T558A), we found that cellular motility and contraction were increased in moesin WT-infected and T558D-infected cells, paralleled by an increase in smooth muscle α-actin and collagen 1 expression. In contrast, overexpression of nonphosphorylatable moesin and moesin knockout (KO) decreased cellular motility and contraction. Most importantly, moesin KO led to abrogation of liver fibrosis. The mechanism of moesin's effect was a reduction in myocardin-related transcription factor-A and serum-response factor (SRF)-mediated changes in the actin cytoskeleton, which in turn modulated the expression of matrix genes. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings suggest that the linkage between cytoskeletal dynamics and the correlated MRTF/SRF signaling pathway has a pivotal role in HSC activation and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Karvar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Jo Suda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Lixin Zhu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of
Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou, China. Department of Biochemistry and Department of Pediatrics,
University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer
Center
| | - Don C. Rockey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Zhang X, Flores LR, Keeling MC, Sliogeryte K, Gavara N. Ezrin Phosphorylation at T567 Modulates Cell Migration, Mechanical Properties, and Cytoskeletal Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020435. [PMID: 31936668 PMCID: PMC7013973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, a member of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of proteins, serves as a crosslinker between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. By doing so, it provides structural links to strengthen the connection between the cell cortex and the plasma membrane, acting also as a signal transducer in multiple pathways during migration, proliferation, and endocytosis. In this study, we investigated the role of ezrin phosphorylation and its intracellular localization on cell motility, cytoskeleton organization, and cell stiffness, using fluorescence live-cell imaging, image quantification, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results show that cells expressing constitutively active ezrin T567D (phosphomimetic) migrate faster and in a more directional manner, especially when ezrin accumulates at the cell rear. Similarly, image quantification results reveal that transfection with ezrin T567D alters the cell’s gross morphology and decreases cortical stiffness. In contrast, constitutively inactive ezrin T567A accumulates around the nucleus, and although it does not impair cell migration, it leads to a significant buildup of actin fibers, a decrease in nuclear volume, and an increase in cytoskeletal stiffness. Finally, cell transfection with the dominant negative ezrin FERM domain induces significant morphological and nuclear changes and affects actin, microtubules, and the intermediate filament vimentin, resulting in cytoskeletal fibers that are longer, thicker, and more aligned. Collectively, our results suggest that ezrin’s phosphorylation state and its intracellular localization plays a pivotal role in cell migration, modulating also biophysical properties, such as membrane–cortex linkage, cytoskeletal and nuclear organization, and the mechanical properties of cells.
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Shabardina V, Kashima Y, Suzuki Y, Makalowski W. Emergence and Evolution of ERM Proteins and Merlin in Metazoans. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:3710-3724. [PMID: 31851361 PMCID: PMC6978628 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, radixin, moesin, and merlin are cytoskeletal proteins, whose functions are specific to metazoans. They participate in cell cortex rearrangement, including cell-cell contact formation, and play an important role in cancer progression. Here, we have performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the proteins spanning 87 species. The results describe a possible mechanism for the protein family origin in the root of Metazoa, paralogs diversification in vertebrates, and acquisition of novel functions, including tumor suppression. In addition, a merlin paralog, present in most vertebrates but lost in mammals, has been described here for the first time. We have also highlighted a set of amino acid variations within the conserved motifs as the candidates for determining physiological differences between ERM paralogs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
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12
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P)/ S1P Receptor Signaling and Mechanotransduction: Implications for Intrinsic Tissue Repair/Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225545. [PMID: 31703256 PMCID: PMC6888058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage, irrespective from the underlying etiology, destroys tissue structure and, eventually, function. In attempt to achieve a morpho-functional recover of the damaged tissue, reparative/regenerative processes start in those tissues endowed with regenerative potential, mainly mediated by activated resident stem cells. These cells reside in a specialized niche that includes different components, cells and surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), which, reciprocally interacting with stem cells, direct their cell behavior. Evidence suggests that ECM stiffness represents an instructive signal for the activation of stem cells sensing it by various mechanosensors, able to transduce mechanical cues into gene/protein expression responses. The actin cytoskeleton network dynamic acts as key mechanotransducer of ECM signal. The identification of signaling pathways influencing stem cell mechanobiology may offer therapeutic perspectives in the regenerative medicine field. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling, acting as modulator of ECM, ECM-cytoskeleton linking proteins and cytoskeleton dynamics appears a promising candidate. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the contribution of S1P/S1PR signaling in the control of mechanotransduction in stem/progenitor cells. The potential contribution of S1P/S1PR signaling in the mechanobiology of skeletal muscle stem cells will be argued based on the intriguing findings on S1P/S1PR action in this mechanically dynamic tissue.
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13
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Collord G, Tarpey P, Kurbatova N, Martincorena I, Moran S, Castro M, Nagy T, Bignell G, Maura F, Young MD, Berna J, Tubio JMC, McMurran CE, Young AMH, Sanders M, Noorani I, Price SJ, Watts C, Leipnitz E, Kirsch M, Schackert G, Pearson D, Devadass A, Ram Z, Collins VP, Allinson K, Jenkinson MD, Zakaria R, Syed K, Hanemann CO, Dunn J, McDermott MW, Kirollos RW, Vassiliou GS, Esteller M, Behjati S, Brazma A, Santarius T, McDermott U. An integrated genomic analysis of anaplastic meningioma identifies prognostic molecular signatures. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13537. [PMID: 30202034 PMCID: PMC6131140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic meningioma is a rare and aggressive brain tumor characterised by intractable recurrences and dismal outcomes. Here, we present an integrated analysis of the whole genome, transcriptome and methylation profiles of primary and recurrent anaplastic meningioma. A key finding was the delineation of distinct molecular subgroups that were associated with diametrically opposed survival outcomes. Relative to lower grade meningiomas, anaplastic tumors harbored frequent driver mutations in SWI/SNF complex genes, which were confined to the poor prognosis subgroup. Aggressive disease was further characterised by transcriptional evidence of increased PRC2 activity, stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Our analyses discern biologically distinct variants of anaplastic meningioma with prognostic and therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Collord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Patrick Tarpey
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Natalja Kurbatova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Inigo Martincorena
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel Castro
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tibor Nagy
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Graham Bignell
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Francesco Maura
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew D Young
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jorge Berna
- Mobile Genomes and Disease, Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases Centre (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Jose M C Tubio
- Mobile Genomes and Disease, Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases Centre (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Chris E McMurran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Adam M H Young
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mathijs Sanders
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Imran Noorani
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stephen J Price
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Colin Watts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elke Leipnitz
- Klinik und Poliklink für Neurochirurgie, "Carl Gustav Carus" Universitätsklinikum, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Klinik und Poliklink für Neurochirurgie, "Carl Gustav Carus" Universitätsklinikum, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Klinik und Poliklink für Neurochirurgie, "Carl Gustav Carus" Universitätsklinikum, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Danita Pearson
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abel Devadass
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zvi Ram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - V Peter Collins
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kieren Allinson
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael D Jenkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | - Rasheed Zakaria
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | - Khaja Syed
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | - C Oliver Hanemann
- Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jemma Dunn
- Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Michael W McDermott
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0112, USA
| | - Ramez W Kirollos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sam Behjati
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Thomas Santarius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Ultan McDermott
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK.
- AstraZeneca, CRUK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
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14
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Riecken LB, Zoch A, Wiehl U, Reichert S, Scholl I, Cui Y, Ziemer M, Anderegg U, Hagel C, Morrison H. CPI-17 drives oncogenic Ras signaling in human melanomas via Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin family proteins. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78242-78254. [PMID: 27793041 PMCID: PMC5346635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactive Ras signaling has strong oncogenic effects causing several different forms of cancer. Hyperactivity is frequently induced by mutations within Ras itself, which account for up to 30% of all human cancers. In addition, hyperactive Ras signaling can also be triggered independent of Ras by either mutation or by misexpression of various upstream regulators and immediate downstream effectors. We have previously reported that C-kinase potentiated protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor of 17 kDa (CPI-17) can drive Ras activity and promote tumorigenic transformation by inhibition of the tumor suppressor Merlin. We now describe an additional element of this oncogenic mechanism in the form of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) protein family, which exhibits opposing roles in Ras activity control. Thus, CPI-17 drives Ras activity and tumorigenesis in a two-fold way; inactivation of the tumor suppressor merlin and activation of the growth promoting ERM family. The in vivo significance of this oncogenic switch is highlighted by demonstrating CPI-17's involvement in human melanoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ansgar Zoch
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wiehl
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabine Reichert
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ingmar Scholl
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Yan Cui
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mirjana Ziemer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Anderegg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
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15
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Liang F, Wang Y, Shi L, Zhang J. Association of Ezrin expression with the progression and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93186-93195. [PMID: 29190988 PMCID: PMC5696254 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin, a cytoskeletal protein, is involved in cell adhesion. Several studies have been performed to explore the association between Ezrin and gastrointestinal cancers, but the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis aims to assess the prognostic value of Ezrin. Materials and Methods/Findings PubMed and EMBASE were searched. Pooled hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were utilized to evaluate the association between Ezrin expression and various clinical parameters. 2701 patients from 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. For gastric cancer, Ezrin expression was associated with tumor grade (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.53-3.52), TNM stage (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.38-15.89), lymph node involvement (OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.47-10.70) and overall survival (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.33-2.66). In colorectal cancer, Ezrin expression was associated with tumor grade (OR 3.94, 95% CI 2.10-3.78), TNM stage (OR 5.66, 95% CI 1.41-22.67), lymph node metastasis (OR 9.52, 95% CI 3.93-23.02), distant metastasis (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.77-5.31), disease free survival (HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.44-4.28). For esophageal cancer, Ezrin expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.00-4.28) and overall survival (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.17-1.89). Conclusions Ezrin expression is significantly associated with tumor grade, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis in gastric and colorectal cancers. For gastric cancers, Ezrin is useful in predicting distant metastasis. Survival data showed that high Ezrin expression is associated with poor prognosis in gastric, colorectal and esophageal cancers. Our findings suggest that Ezrin might be a potential biomarker in several gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, HangZhou, ZheJiang 310009, China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, HangZhou, ZheJiang 310009, China
| | - Ligen Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, HangZhou, ZheJiang 310009, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, ZheJiang University, HangZhou, ZheJiang 310009, China
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16
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Quan C, Yan Y, Qin Z, Lin Z, Quan T. Ezrin regulates skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and YAP-dependent proliferation. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:549-560. [PMID: 28889372 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin acts as a dynamic linkage between plasma membrane and cytoskeleton, and thus involved in many fundamental cellular functions. Yet, its potential role in human skin is virtually unknown. Here we investigate the role of Ezrin in primary skin fibroblasts, the major cells responsible extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We report that Ezrin play an important role in the maintenance of skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and proliferation. siRNA-mediated Ezrin knockdown decreased fibroblast size and mechanical properties, and thus impaired the nuclear translocation of YAP, a protein commonly response to cell size and mechanical force. Functionally, depletion of Ezrin significantly inhibited YAP target gene expression and fibroblast proliferation. Conversely, restoration of YAP nuclear translocation by overexpression of constitutively active YAP reversed YAP target genes expression and rescued proliferation in Ezrin knockdown cells. These data reveal a novel role for Ezrin in maintenance of fibroblast size/mechanical force and regulating YAP-mediated proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Quan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA.
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17
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Bartova M, Hlavaty J, Tan Y, Singer C, Pohlodek K, Luha J, Walter I. Expression of ezrin and moesin in primary breast carcinoma and matched lymph node metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2017. [PMID: 28624994 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-017-9853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ezrin, radixin, moesin (ERM) are important membrane-cytoskeletal crosslinkers and are suggested to play important role in cancer progression and metastasis. Even though ERM proteins were generally considered to be functionally redundant and the most studied was ezrin, recent studies highlight their distinct roles in metastatic process. Little information is available regarding the role of individual ERM proteins and their phosphorylated forms in human breast cancer. Our study is the first to examine expression of ezrin, moesin and their phosphorylated forms in primary breast tumors and matched lymph node metastases (LNMs) and their correlation with clinicopathological variables. A total of 88 primary breast cancer, 91 LNMs, 54 intraductal carcinoma and 26 normal adjacent breast tissue samples from tissue microarrays were studied. Expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, the intensity and number of positive cells was scored. Statistical analysis of protein expression and patients' age, tumor grade and hormonal status was performed. No statistical significant difference was found in ezrin, moesin, p-ezrinTyr353 and pan-p-ezrinThr567/radixinThr564/moesinThr558 expression between primary tumors and LNMs. Even though it was not significant, moesin expression varied between primary tumors, intraductal carcinoma, normal breast adjacent tissue and LNMs. A significant positive correlation between moesin and tumor grade has been proven. Even though primary tumors and matched LNMs did not show different expression patterns, moesin correlated significantly with higher tumor grade. Its positivity in intraductal carcinoma and normal breast tissue adjacent to cancer might indicate its role in tumor intiation/progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bartova
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, Bratislava, 826 06, Slovakia.
| | - J Hlavaty
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - C Singer
- Division of General Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Pohlodek
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bratislava, Ružinovská 6, Bratislava, 826 06, Slovakia
| | - J Luha
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, Bratislava, 811 08, Slovakia
| | - I Walter
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Wang D, Xin Y, Tian Y, Li W, Sun D, Yang Y. Pseudolaric acid B inhibits gastric cancer cell metastasis in vitro and in haematogenous dissemination model through PI3K/AKT, ERK1/2 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathways. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:34-44. [PMID: 28132880 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PAB) is the major bioactive constituent in the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi and has been reported to have cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Our in vivo experiments showed that PAB could inhibit gastric cancer cell lung metastasis in a nude mouse haematogenous dissemination model. To evaluate the anti-metastasis mechanism of PAB in gastric cancer cells, cytological experiments were performed. The results showed that PAB could inhibit the adhesion ability to matrigel, migration, invasion and colony formation ability of BGC-823 and MKN-45 cells. Western blot further confirmed that the inhibitory effects of PAB on anti-metastasis may involve regulating the expression of the metastasis-related proteins MMP-9, HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, E-Cadherin and Ezrin. We obtained further proof that PAB which could be used as a multi-targeted agent to inhibit the PI3K/AKT, ERK1/2 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathways and consequently suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Our experiments suggest that PAB-induced effects may have novel therapeutic applications for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Pathology of Cancer Institute and General Surgery Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Colledge of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yan Xin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Pathology of Cancer Institute and General Surgery Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqiu Tian
- Colledge of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Pathology of Cancer Institute and General Surgery Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Pathology of Cancer Institute and General Surgery Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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19
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Hansraj NZ, Xiao L, Wu J, Chen G, Turner DJ, Wang JY, Rao JN. Posttranscriptional regulation of 14-3-3ζ by RNA-binding protein HuR modulating intestinal epithelial restitution after wounding. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/13/e12858. [PMID: 27401462 PMCID: PMC4945840 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 14‐3‐3ζ is a member of the family of 14‐3‐3 proteins and participates in many aspects of cellular processes, but its regulation and involvement in gut mucosal homeostasis remain unknown. Here, we report that 14‐3‐3ζ expression is tightly regulated at the posttranscription level by RNA‐binding protein HuR and plays an important role in early intestinal epithelial restitution after wounding. The 14‐3‐3ζ was highly expressed in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tract and in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). The 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the 14‐3‐3ζ mRNA was bound to HuR, and this association enhanced 14‐3‐3ζ translation without effect on its mRNA content. Conditional target deletion of HuR in IECs decreased the level of 14‐3‐3ζ protein in the intestinal mucosa. Silencing 14‐3‐3ζ by transfection with specific siRNA targeting the 14‐3‐3ζ mRNA suppressed intestinal epithelial restitution as indicated by a decrease in IEC migration after wounding, whereas ectopic overexpression of the wild‐type 14‐3‐3ζ promoted cell migration. These results indicate that HuR induces 14‐3‐3ζ translation via interaction with its 3′ UTR and that 14‐3‐3ζ is necessary for stimulation of IEC migration after wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Z Hansraj
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lan Xiao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jing Wu
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gang Chen
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas J Turner
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jaladanki N Rao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
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20
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Ijuin T, Takeuchi Y, Shimono Y, Fukumoto M, Tokuda E, Takenawa T. Regulation of CD44 expression and focal adhesion by Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:981-90. [PMID: 27178239 PMCID: PMC4946718 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44, a transmembrane receptor, is expressed in the standard or variant form and plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. This protein regulates cell adhesion and migration in breast cancer cells. We previously reported that phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) at the Golgi regulates cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we showed that an increase in PI(4)P levels at the Golgi by knockdown of PI(4)P phosphatase SAC1 increased the expression of standard CD44, variant CD44, and ezrin/radixin phosphorylation and enhanced the formation of focal adhesions mediated by CD44 and ezrin/radixin in MCF7 and SK-BR-3 cells. In contrast, knockdown of PI 4-kinase IIIβ in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells decreased these factors. These results suggest that SAC1 expression and PI(4)P at the Golgi are important in tumor progression and metastasis and are potential prognostic markers of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ijuin
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yukiko Takeuchi
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Fukumoto
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Emi Tokuda
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Takenawa
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Alterations of proteins in MDCK cells during acute potassium deficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:683-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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The bovine placenta in vivo and in vitro. Theriogenology 2016; 86:306-12. [PMID: 27155733 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The gross anatomic features (cotyledonary type) and histologic classification (synepitheliochorial) of the bovine placenta have been known for many years. Thorough ultrastructural analysis as well as a variety of descriptive studies dealing with the localization of cytoskeletal filaments, extracellular matrix, growth factor systems, steroid hormone receptors, and major histocompatibility complex have contributed further significant knowledge. However, this knowledge was not sufficient to solve clinical placenta-based problems, such as retained fetal membranes. Owing to the complexity of the fetomaternal interface in vitro, culture systems have been developed. As trophoblast giant cells (TGC) are thought to be key players in the cattle placenta, most cell culture models attempt to overcome the pitfall of losing the entire TGC population in vitro. Nevertheless, distinct cell line-based in vitro systems such as cell monolayers or 3-dimensional (co-culture) spheroids were generated for the fetal (trophoblast) and maternal (uterine epithelium) placental compartments. Monolayers have been used to study for example, growth factor or hormonal signaling and TGC formation, whereas spheroids served as models for, for example, trophoblast attachment, uterine epithelium depolarization, and also TGC formation. In the future, the use of more improved culture models might lead to better treatments of retained fetal membranes and increased prevention of embryonic loss. In addition, the in vitro models could shed more light on the mechanisms of the differentiation of uninucleate trophoblast into TGC.
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Hata K, Yoshida J, Udagawa H, Hashimoto H, Fujii S, Hishida T, Kuwata T, Aokage K, Kojima M, Ochiai A, Suzuki K, Tsuboi M, Ishii G. The difference in Ezrin-pAkt signaling axis between lepidic and papillary predominant invasive adenocarcinomas of the lung. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1421-30. [PMID: 27059464 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histologic classification of invasive lung adenocarcinomas by predominant subtype has prognostic value. Papillary predominant adenocarcinoma (PPA) reportedly shows poorer prognosis than lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA); however, biological differences between PPA and LPA are unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify biological differences between PPA and LPA. METHODS Clinicopathological characteristics of invasive 62 PPAs and 117 LPAs smaller than 30 mm were investigated. Furthermore, we compared immunochemical staining scores of 9 molecular markers (E-cadherin, S100A4, fibronectin, integrinβ1, ezrin, GLUT1, ALDH1, SOX2 and Nanog) between PPA and LPA. We performed Western blot analysis using ezrin shRNA-knockdown lung adenocarcinoma cell lines to examine whether molecules that are highly expressed in PPA, such as ezrin, affect pAkt. Finally, we performed immunochemical staining to compare pAkt expression level in PPA and LPA. RESULTS Lymphovascular and pleural invasion and lymph node metastasis were significantly more often detected in PPA than in LPA (lymphatic permeation: 31 vs 3 %, vascular invasion: 35 vs 3 %, pleural invasion: 29 vs 5 %, lymph node metastasis: 18 vs 1 %; all P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical (IHC) study revealed that expression score of ezrin was significantly higher in PPA than in LPA (38.3 vs 15.0; P < 0.01). The level of pAkt decreased in shEzrin-induced PC-9 and A549 cancer cells. Moreover, the IHC staining score of pAkt was significantly higher in PPA than in LPA (13.3 vs 0.0; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the activation of the ezrin-pAkt signaling axis is associated with the more aggressive clinicopathological features of PPA compared with LPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Hata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Junji Yoshida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hashimoto
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hishida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.
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Zeinieh M, Salehi A, Rajkumar V, Barker PA. p75NTR-dependent Rac1 activation requires receptor cleavage and activation of an NRAGE and NEDD9 signaling cascade. J Cell Sci 2016; 128:447-59. [PMID: 25472715 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.152173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16) is implicated in diverse cellular events, but fundamental aspects of its signaling mechanisms remain unclear. To address this, we have established a novel bioassay to characterize signaling cascades activated by p75NTR. We show that in COS7 cells, p75NTR expression causes a large increase in cell surface area that relies on the activation of Rac1, and we demonstrate that the p75NTR-dependent COS7 phenotype is dependent on ADAM17- and c-secretase-dependent cleavage of p75NTR and generation of the p75NTR intracellular domain (p75NTRICD). We show that the p75NTR adaptor protein NRAGE (also known as MAGED1) acts downstream of the p75NTRICD in this cascade and, through a yeast two-hybrid screen, identify NEDD9, a Cas family adaptor protein, as a novel NRAGE-binding partner that mediates p75NTR-dependent Rac1 activation and cell spreading. Our results demonstrate a crucial role for p75NTR cleavage in small GTPase activation and define a novel Rac1 activation pathway involving the p75NTRICD, NRAGE andNEDD9.
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25
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Lo Vasco VR, Leopizzi M, Di Maio V, Della Rocca C. U-73122 reduces the cell growth in cultured MG-63 ostesarcoma cell line involving Phosphoinositide-specific Phospholipases C. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:156. [PMID: 27026853 PMCID: PMC4766154 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The definition of the number and nature of the signal transduction pathways involved in the pathogenesis and the identification of the molecules promoting metastasis spread might improve the knowledge of the natural history of osteosarcoma, also allowing refine the prognosis and opening the way to novel therapeutic strategies. Phosphatydil inositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2), belonging to the Phosphoinositide (PI) signal transduction pathway, was related to the regulation of ezrin, an ezrin-radixin-moesin protein involved in metastatic osteosarcoma spread. The levels of PIP2 are regulated by means of the PI-specific Phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes. Recent literature data suggested that in osteosarcoma the panel of expression of PLC isoforms varies in a complex and unclear manner and is related to ezrin, probably networking with Ras GTPases, such as RhoA and Rac1. We analyzed the expression and the subcellular localization of PLC enzymes in cultured human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells, commonly used as an experimental model for human osteoblasts, using U-73122 PLC inhibitor, U-73343 inactive analogue, and by silencing ezrin. The treatment with U-73122 significantly reduces the number of MG-63 viable cells and contemporarily modifies the expression and the subcellular localization of selected PLC isoforms. U-73122 reduces the cell growth in cultured MG-63 ostesarcoma cell line involving PI-specific Phospholipases C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Rita Lo Vasco
- />Sensory Organs Department, Policlinico Umberto I, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, viale dell’Università, 33, 00157 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Leopizzi
- />Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology Department, Polo Pontino- Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Maio
- />Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology Department, Polo Pontino- Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Carlo Della Rocca
- />Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology Department, Polo Pontino- Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
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Ezrin is a Major Regulator of Membrane Tension in Epithelial Cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14700. [PMID: 26435322 PMCID: PMC4592969 DOI: 10.1038/srep14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane tension is responsible for a variety of cellular functions such as motility, cell division, and endocytosis. Since membrane tension is dominated by the attachment of the actin cortex to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, we investigated the importance of ezrin, a major cross-linker of the membrane-cytoskeleton interface, for cellular mechanics of confluent MDCK II cells. For this purpose, we carried out ezrin depletion experiments and also enhanced the number of active ezrin molecules at the interface. Mechanical properties were assessed by force indentation experiments followed by membrane tether extraction. PIP2 micelles were injected into individual living cells to reinforce the linkage between plasma membrane and actin-cortex, while weakening of this connection was reached by ezrin siRNA and administration of the inhibitors neomycin and NSC 668394, respectively. We observed substantial stiffening of cells and an increase in membrane tension after addition of PIP2 micelles. In contrast, reduction of active ezrin led to a decrease of membrane tension accompanied by loss of excess surface area, increase in cortical tension, remodelling of actin cytoskeleton, and reduction of cell height. The data confirm the importance of the ezrin-mediated connection between plasma membrane and cortex for cellular mechanics and cell morphology.
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Harwood JL, Alexander JH, Mayerson JL, Scharschmidt TJ. Targeted Chemotherapy in Bone and Soft-Tissue Sarcoma. Orthop Clin North Am 2015; 46:587-608. [PMID: 26410647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Historically surgical intervention has been the mainstay of therapy for bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, augmented with adjuvant radiation for local control. Although cytotoxic chemotherapy revolutionized the treatment of many sarcomas, classic treatment regimens are fraught with side effects while outcomes have plateaued. However, since the approval of imatinib in 2002, research into targeted chemotherapy has increased exponentially. With targeted therapies comes the potential for decreased side effects and more potent, personalized treatment options. This article reviews the evolution of medical knowledge regarding sarcoma, the basic science of sarcomatogenesis, and the major targets and pathways now being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared L Harwood
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, 725 Prior Hall, 376 West 10 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - John H Alexander
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, 725 Prior Hall, 376 West 10 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Joel L Mayerson
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, 725 Prior Hall, 376 West 10 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Thomas J Scharschmidt
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, 725 Prior Hall, 376 West 10 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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28
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Haeger JD, Hambruch N, Dantzer V, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Klisch K, Pfarrer C. Changes in endometrial ezrin and cytokeratin 18 expression during bovine implantation and in caruncular endometrial spheroids in vitro. Placenta 2015; 36:821-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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YU ZHAOJIN, SUN MINGLI, JIN FENG, XIAO QINGHUAN, HE MIAO, WU HUIZHE, REN JIE, ZHAO LIN, ZHAO HAISHAN, YAO WEIFAN, SHAN FENGPING, CAO YAMING, WEI MINJIE. Combined expression of ezrin and E-cadherin is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:165-74. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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30
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Kang HS, Hong SN, Park HR, Kwon MJ, Lee JH, Kim JJ. [Proteomics analysis for Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosa]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2015; 64:10-7. [PMID: 25073666 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2014.64.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to the development of gastric cancer. H. pylori-associated gastric inflammation is considered to be the first important step in the histogenesis of such neoplasia. However, studies that compare proteome of gastric mucosa infected with or without H. pylori are lacking. METHODS We employed proteomics analysis on the endoscopic biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa obtained from two groups (30 cases): healthy subjects without H. pylori infection (15 cases), and gastritis patients with H. pylori infection (15 cases). The pooled proteins obtained from gastric mucosa infected with or without H. pylori were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and analyzed by a computer-aided program. The altered protein expressions were then identified by mass spectrometry and validated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS On mass spectrometry using MALDI TOF™ Analyzer, the up-regulation of Keratin 1, ezrin, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit alpha mitochondrial isoform c, Keratin type I cytoskeletal 19, and Keratin type I cytoskeletal 9 were identified; in contrast, 71 kd heat shock cognate protein, ATP synthase subunit alpha mitochondrial precursor, and annexin IV were down-regulated. Among them, membrane cytoskeleton linker ezrin was validated using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS Expression of ezrin was significantly different between the gastric mucosa with and without H. pylori infection. Therefore, ezrin could be considered a promising potential molecular marker for detecting H. pylori infection in gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Suk Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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31
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Renart J, Carrasco-Ramírez P, Fernández-Muñoz B, Martín-Villar E, Montero L, Yurrita MM, Quintanilla M. New insights into the role of podoplanin in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 317:185-239. [PMID: 26008786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small mucin-like transmembrane protein expressed in several adult tissues and with an important role during embryogenesis. It is needed for the proper development of kidneys and lungs as well as accurate formation of the lymphatic vascular system. In addition, it is involved in the physiology of the immune system. A wide variety of tumors express podoplanin, both in the malignant cells and in the stroma. Although there are exceptions, the presence of podoplanin results in poor prognosis. The main consequence of forced podoplanin expression in established and tumor-derived cell lines is an increase in cell migration and, eventually, the triggering of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereby cells acquire a fibroblastoid phenotype and increased motility. We will examine the current status of the role of podoplanin in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition as well as the different interactions that lead to this program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Renart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ester Martín-Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Montero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María M Yurrita
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Quintanilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
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Poppinga WJ, Muñoz-Llancao P, González-Billault C, Schmidt M. A-kinase anchoring proteins: cAMP compartmentalization in neurodegenerative and obstructive pulmonary diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5603-23. [PMID: 25132049 PMCID: PMC4290705 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The universal second messenger cAMP is generated upon stimulation of Gs protein-coupled receptors, such as the β2 -adreneoceptor, and leads to the activation of PKA, the major cAMP effector protein. PKA oscillates between an on and off state and thereby regulates a plethora of distinct biological responses. The broad activation pattern of PKA and its contribution to several distinct cellular functions lead to the introduction of the concept of compartmentalization of cAMP. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are of central importance due to their unique ability to directly and/or indirectly interact with proteins that either determine the cellular content of cAMP, such as β2 -adrenoceptors, ACs and PDEs, or are regulated by cAMP such as the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP. We report on lessons learned from neurons indicating that maintenance of cAMP compartmentalization by AKAP5 is linked to neurotransmission, learning and memory. Disturbance of cAMP compartments seem to be linked to neurodegenerative disease including Alzheimer's disease. We translate this knowledge to compartmentalized cAMP signalling in the lung. Next to AKAP5, we focus here on AKAP12 and Ezrin (AKAP78). These topics will be highlighted in the context of the development of novel pharmacological interventions to tackle AKAP-dependent compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Poppinga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Muñoz-Llancao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - C González-Billault
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
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Ezrin-expressing lung adenocarcinoma cells and podoplanin-positive fibroblasts form a malignant microenvironment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:475-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ning Z, Wang A, Liang J, Xie Y, Liu J, Yan Q, Wang Z. USP22 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the FAK pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1451-8. [PMID: 25070659 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the occurrence and development of tumors, particularly to the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis. As a newly discovered ubiquitin hydrolase family member, USP22 plays a key role in the malignant transformation of tumors and the regulation of the cell cycle. However, recent studies on USP22 have primarily focused on its role in cell cycle regulation, and the potential mechanism underlying the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis by abnormal USP22 expression has not been reported. Our studies revealed that the overexpression of USP22 in PANC-1 cells promoted Ezrin redistribution and phosphorylation and cytoskeletal remodeling, upregulated expression of the transcription factors Snail and ZEB1 to promote EMT, and increased cellular invasion and migration. In contrast, blockade of USP22 expression resulted in the opposite effects. In addition, the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway was shown to play a key role in the process of EMT induction in PANC-1 cells by USP22. Thus, the present study suggests that USP22 acts as a regulatory protein for EMT in pancreatic cancer, which may provide a new approach for the targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Aman Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Fan C, Miao Y, Zhang X, Liu D, Jiang G, Lin X, Han Q, Luan L, Xu Z, Wang E. Btbd7 contributes to reduced E-cadherin expression and predicts poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:704. [PMID: 25253020 PMCID: PMC4189533 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disorders of cell adhesion are critical steps in cancer progression in which varieties of markers including cadherins are involved in.Btbd7 was found to inhibit E-cadherin expression in MDCK cells and play important roles during branching morphogenesis of embryonic salivary glands and lungs. However its function in malignant tumors is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinicopathological significance and possible function of Btbd7 in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to investigate Btbd7 expression in non-small cell lung cancer and lung tissues. The clinicopathological association and the overall survival was analyzed. In vitro experiments were performed using siRNA to investigate the function of Btbd7 in lung cancer cells. RESULTS Btbd7 expression was elevated in non-small cell lung cancer tissues compared to normal lung tissues. Increased Btbd7 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, reduced E-cadherin expression and patients' poor clinical outcome. Downregulation of Btbd7 expression in lung cancer cells by siRNA significantly inhibits cancer cell invasion and effectively restores E-cadherin expression in cancer cell membrane. CONCLUSIONS Btbd7 contributes to reduced expression of E-cadherin and may be a promising cancer marker in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuifeng Fan
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Yuan Miao
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Xiupeng Zhang
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Di Liu
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Xuyong Lin
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Qiang Han
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Lan Luan
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Zhonghai Xu
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
| | - Enhua Wang
- />Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
- />Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 China
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36
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Quiros M, Nusrat A. RhoGTPases, actomyosin signaling and regulation of the epithelial Apical Junctional Complex. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 36:194-203. [PMID: 25223584 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells form regulated and selective barriers between distinct tissue compartments. The Apical Junctional Complex (AJC) consisting of the tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ) control epithelial homeostasis, paracellular permeability and barrier properties. The AJC is composed of mutliprotein complexes consisting of transmembrane proteins that affiliate with an underlying perijunctional F-actin myosin ring through cytoplasmic scaffold proteins. AJC protein associations with the apical actin-myosin cytoskeleton are tightly controlled by a number of signaling proteins including the Rho family of GTPases that orchestrate junctional biology, epithelial homeostasis and barrier function. This review highlights the vital relationship of Rho GTPases and AJCs in controlling the epithelial barrier. The pathophysiologic relationship of Rho GTPases, AJC, apical actomyosin cytoskeleton and epithelial barrier function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quiros
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Ezrin silencing remodulates the expression of Phosphoinositide-specific Phospholipase C enzymes in human osteosarcoma cell lines. J Cell Commun Signal 2014; 8:219-29. [PMID: 25073508 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-014-0235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, a protein belonging to the Ezrin, radixin and moesin (ERM) family, was engaged in the metastatic spread of osteosarcoma. The Protein 4.1, Ezrin, radixin, moesin (FERM) domain of Ezrin binds the membrane Phosphatydil inositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2), a crucial molecule belonging to the Phosphoinositide (PI) signal transduction pathway. The cytoskeleton cross-linker function of Ezrin largely depends on membrane PIP2 levels, and thus upon the activity of related enzymes belonging to the PI-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) family. Based on the role of Ezrin in tumour progression and metastasis, we silenced the expression of Vil2 (OMIM *123900), the gene which codifies for Ezrin, in cultured human osteosarcoma 143B and Hs888 cell lines. After Ezrin silencing, the growth rate of both cell lines was significantly reduced and morphogical changes were observed. We also observed moderate variations both of selected PI-PLC enzymes within the cell and of expression of the corresponding PLC genes. In 143B cell line the transcription of PLCB1 decreased, of PLCG2 increased and of PLCE differed in a time-dependent manner. In Hs888, the expression of PLCB1 and of PLCD4 significantly increased, of PLCE moderately increased in a time dependent manner; the expression of PLCG2 was up-regulated. These observations indicate that Ezrin silencing affects the transcription of selected PLC genes, suggesting that Ezrin might influence the expression regulation of PI-PLC enzymes.
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38
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Chen M, Liu T, Xu L, Gao X, Liu X, Wang C, He Q, Zhang G, Liu L. Direct interaction of 14-3-3ζ with ezrin promotes cell migration by regulating the formation of membrane ruffle. J Mol Biol 2014; 426:3118-3133. [PMID: 25020230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins have been shown to regulate the actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell adhesion and migration. In this study, we identified ezrin, a cross-linker between plasma membrane and actin cytoskeleton, as a novel 14-3-3ζ interacting partner. The direct interaction between 14-3-3ζ and ezrin was validated in the cells and by in vitro assays. We showed that the 14-3-3ζ binding region in ezrin was located within the N-terminal and central α-helical domains and that the αG-to-αI helices of 14-3-3ζ are responsible for the binding to ezrin. Functional analyses revealed that the regulation of cell migration and membrane ruffling by 14-3-3ζ is ezrin dependent, for which the integrity of ezrin protein was required. Conversely, the knockdown of 14-3-3ζ abrogates also the stimulatory effect of ezrin on cell migration and membrane ruffling. Moreover, we found that the phosphorylation of Thr567 in ezrin facilitates the 14-3-3ζ-ezrin interaction and the formation of membrane ruffles. Taken together, these results suggest strongly that the functions of these two proteins in cell migration are linked and might be mediated by their direct physical interaction, which is important for the formation of membrane ruffles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaojuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cuihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingyu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Langxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China..
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39
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Osteosarcoma metastasis: prospective role of ezrin. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5055-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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40
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase σ targets apical junction complex proteins in the intestine and regulates epithelial permeability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:693-8. [PMID: 24385580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1315017111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)σ (PTPRS) was shown previously to be associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PTPσ(-/-) mice exhibit an IBD-like phenotype in the intestine and show increased susceptibility to acute models of murine colitis. However, the function of PTPσ in the intestine is uncharacterized. Here, we show an intestinal epithelial barrier defect in the PTPσ(-/-) mouse, demonstrated by a decrease in transepithelial resistance and a leaky intestinal epithelium that was determined by in vivo tracer analysis. Increased tyrosine phosphorylation was observed at the plasma membrane of epithelial cells lining the crypts of the small bowel and colon of the PTPσ(-/-) mouse, suggesting the presence of PTPσ substrates in these regions. Using mass spectrometry, we identified several putative PTPσ intestinal substrates that were hyper-tyrosine-phosphorylated in the PTPσ(-/-) mice relative to wild type. Among these were proteins that form or regulate the apical junction complex, including ezrin. We show that ezrin binds to and is dephosphorylated by PTPσ in vitro, suggesting it is a direct PTPσ substrate, and identified ezrin-Y353/Y145 as important sites targeted by PTPσ. Moreover, subcellular localization of the ezrin phosphomimetic Y353E or Y145 mutants were disrupted in colonic Caco-2 cells, similar to ezrin mislocalization in the colon of PTPσ(-/-) mice following induction of colitis. Our results suggest that PTPσ is a positive regulator of intestinal epithelial barrier, which mediates its effects by modulating epithelial cell adhesion through targeting of apical junction complex-associated proteins (including ezrin), a process impaired in IBD.
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41
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El-Ashmawy A, Gamei M, Abd el Naby N, Shareef M. Prognostic value of ezrin expression in common epithelial tumors: An immunohistochemical study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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42
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Schiffmacher AT, Padmanabhan R, Jhingory S, Taneyhill LA. Cadherin-6B is proteolytically processed during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions of the cranial neural crest. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 25:41-54. [PMID: 24196837 PMCID: PMC3873892 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly coordinated process underlying both development and disease. Premigratory neural crest cells undergo EMT, migrate away from the neural tube, and differentiate into diverse cell types during vertebrate embryogenesis. Adherens junction disassembly within premigratory neural crest cells is one component of EMT and, in chick cranial neural crest cells, involves cadherin-6B (Cad6B) down-regulation. Whereas Cad6B transcription is repressed by Snail2, the rapid loss of Cad6B protein during EMT is suggestive of posttranslational mechanisms that promote Cad6B turnover. For the first time in vivo, we demonstrate Cad6B proteolysis during neural crest cell EMT, which generates a Cad6B N-terminal fragment (NTF) and two C-terminal fragments (CTF1/2). Coexpression of relevant proteases with Cad6B in vitro shows that a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) ADAM10 and ADAM19, together with γ-secretase, cleave Cad6B to produce the NTF and CTFs previously observed in vivo. Of importance, both ADAMs and γ-secretase are expressed in the appropriate spatiotemporal pattern in vivo to proteolytically process Cad6B. Overexpression or depletion of either ADAM within premigratory neural crest cells prematurely reduces or maintains Cad6B, respectively. Collectively these results suggest a dual mechanism for Cad6B proteolysis involving two ADAMs, along with γ-secretase, during cranial neural crest cell EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Schiffmacher
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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43
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Citalán-Madrid AF, García-Ponce A, Vargas-Robles H, Betanzos A, Schnoor M. Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily regulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis and barrier function via common and unique mechanisms. Tissue Barriers 2013; 1:e26938. [PMID: 24868497 PMCID: PMC3942330 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.26938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium forms a stable barrier protecting underlying tissues from pathogens in the gut lumen. This is achieved by specialized integral membrane structures such as tight and adherens junctions that connect neighboring cells and provide stabilizing links to the cytoskeleton. Junctions are constantly remodeled to respond to extracellular stimuli. Assembly and disassembly of junctions is regulated by interplay of actin remodeling, endocytotic recycling of junctional proteins, and various signaling pathways. Accumulating evidence implicate small G proteins of the Ras superfamily as important signaling molecules for the regulation of epithelial junctions. They function as molecular switches circling between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state. Once activated, they bind different effector molecules to control cellular processes required for correct junction assembly, maintenance and remodelling. Here, we review recent advances in understanding how GTPases of the Rho, Ras, Rab and Arf families contribute to intestinal epithelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alí Francisco Citalán-Madrid
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine; Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav del IPN); Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexander García-Ponce
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine; Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav del IPN); Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda Vargas-Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine; Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav del IPN); Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abigail Betanzos
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis; Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav del IPN); Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine; Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav del IPN); Mexico City, Mexico
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44
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Increase in ezrin expression from benign to malignant breast tumours. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2013; 36:485-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-013-0153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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45
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The prognostic value of elevated ezrin in patients with osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1263-6. [PMID: 24014052 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Published studies researching the prognostic significance of ezrin expression in patients with osteosarcoma are inconclusive and heterogeneous. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess its prognostic value more precisely. The hazard ratios with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the effects. Five studies with 318 osteosarcoma patients were included to estimate the relationship between ezrin and disease-free survival, and ezrin and overall survival. Compared with osteosarcoma patients with low or negative ezrin expression, patients with high ezrin expression tended to be associated with lower disease-free survival, but the difference was not significant. However, patients with high ezrin expression were obviously associated with lower overall survival. Therefore, the findings from this systematic review suggest that ezrin expression is an effective biomarker of prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.
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46
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Li H, Min D, Zhao H, Wang Z, Qi W, Zheng S, Tang L, He A, Sun Y, Yao Y, Shen Z. The Prognostic Role of Ezrin Immunoexpression in Osteosarcoma: A Meta-Analysis of Published Data. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64513. [PMID: 23805177 PMCID: PMC3689793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The significance of ezrin immunoexpression and prognosis for osteosarcoma is still controversial. The aim was to provide a meta-analysis for ezrin immunoexpression and prognostic features of osteosarcoma patients. Methods A detailed search was made in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Web of Knowledge for relevant original articles published in English; methodological quality of the included studies was also assessed. Two reviewers extracted data independently. Studies were pooled and summary hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratio (ORs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Final analysis of 318 patients from 5 eligible studies was performed. Combined HR of ezrin immunohistochemical staining suggested that positive immunoexpression had an unfavorable impact on osteosarcoma patients' overall survival (n = 223 in 4 studies; HR = 4.79; 95% CI: 1.50–15.30; P = 0.008) but not on event-free survival (n = 202 in 3 studies; HR = 1.59; 95% CI: 0.61–4.15; P = 0. 0.342). Combined OR of ezrin immunohistochemical staining indicated that positive immunoexpression was associated with recurrence (n = 134 in 2 studies; OR = 3.79; 95% CI: 1.49–9.64; P = 0.005) but not with serum ALP level (n = 160 in 2 studies; OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 0.09–52.50; P = 0.637) and histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(n = 260 in 4 studies; OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.37–2.03; P = 0.740). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis suggest that ezrin positive immunoexpression confers a higher risk of recurrence and a worse survival in osteosarcoma patients. Large prospective studies are needed to provide solid data to investigate the precise prognostic significance of ezrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixiang Qi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuier Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjue Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Brown L, Waseem A, Cruz IN, Szary J, Gunic E, Mannan T, Unadkat M, Yang M, Valderrama F, O'Toole EA, Wan H. Desmoglein 3 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by regulating activator protein 1 and protein kinase C-dependent-Ezrin activation. Oncogene 2013; 33:2363-74. [PMID: 23752190 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), the pemphigus vulgaris antigen, has recently been shown to be upregulated in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and has been identified as a good tumor-specific marker for clinical staging of cervical sentinel lymph nodes in head and neck SCC. However, little is known about its biological function in cancer. The actin-binding protein Ezrin and the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we report that Dsg3 regulates the activity of c-Jun/AP-1 as well as protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of Ezrin-Thr567, which contributes to the accelerated motility of cancer cells. Ectopic expression of Dsg3 in cancer cell lines caused enhanced phosphorylation at Ezrin-Thr567 with concomitant augmented membrane protrusions, cell spreading and invasive phenotype. We showed that Dsg3 formed a complex with Ezrin at the plasma membrane that was required for its proper function of interacting with F-actin and CD44 as Dsg3 knockdown impaired these associations. The increased Ezrin phosphorylation in Dsg3-overexpressing cells could be abrogated substantially by various pharmacological inhibitors for Ser/Thr kinases, including PKC and Rho kinase that are known to activate Ezrin. Furthermore, a marked increase in c-Jun S63 phosphorylation, among others, was found in Dsg3-overexpressing cells and the activation of c-Jun/AP-1 was further supported by a luciferase reporter assay. Taken together, our study identifies a novel Dsg3-mediated c-Jun/AP-1 regulatory mechanism and PKC-dependent Ezrin phosphorylation that could be responsible for Dsg3-associated cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brown
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - A Waseem
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - I N Cruz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - J Szary
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - E Gunic
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - T Mannan
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - M Unadkat
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
| | - M Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - F Valderrama
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | - E A O'Toole
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, London, UK
| | - H Wan
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London, UK
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Li G, Zhou T, Liu L, Chen J, Zhao Z, Peng Y, Li P, Gao N. Ezrin dephosphorylation/downregulation contributes to ursolic acid-mediated cell death in human leukemia cells. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e108. [PMID: 23584398 PMCID: PMC3641322 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin links the actin filaments with the cell membrane and has a functional role in the apoptotic process. It appears clear that ezrin is directly associated with Fas, leading to activation of caspase cascade and cell death. However, the exact role of ezrin in ursolic acid (UA)-induced apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, we show for the first time that UA induces apoptosis in both transformed and primary leukemia cells through dephosphorylation/downregulation of ezrin, association and polarized colocalization of Fas and ezrin, as well as formation of death-inducing signaling complex. These events are dependent on Rho-ROCK1 signaling pathway. Knockdown of ezrin enhanced cell death mediated by UA, whereas overexpression of ezrin attenuated UA-induced apoptosis. Our in vivo study also showed that UA-mediated inhibition of tumor growth of mouse leukemia xenograft model is in association with the dephosphorylation/downregulation of ezrin. Such findings suggest that the cytoskeletal protein ezrin may represent an attractive target for UA-mediated lethality in human leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, 3rd Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Activation of the MEK pathway is required for complete scattering of MCF7 cells stimulated with heregulin-β1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 433:311-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Chen QY, Xu W, Jiao DM, Wu LJ, Song J, Yan J, Shi JG. Silence of ezrin modifies migration and actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and enhances chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells in vitro. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 377:207-18. [PMID: 23435957 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ezrin, primarily acts as a linker between the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton, is involved in many cellular functions, including regulation of actin cytoskeleton, control of cell shape, adhesion, motility, and modulation of signaling pathways. Although ezrin is now recognized as a key component in tumor metastasis, its roles and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we chose highly metastatic human lung carcinoma 95D cells, which highly express the ezrin proteins, as a model to examine the functional roles of ezrin in tumor suppression. An ezrin-silenced 95D cell line was established using lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA method. CCK-8 assay and soft agar assay analysis showed that downregulation of ezrin significantly suppressed the tumorigenicity and proliferation of 95D cells in vitro. cell migration and invasion studies showed that ezrin-specific deficiency in the cells caused the substantial reduction of the cell migration and invasion. In parallel, it also induced rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. Flow cytometry assay showed that changes in the ezrin protein level significantly affected the cell cycle distribution and eventual apoptosis. Furthermore, further studies showed that ezrin regulated the expression level of E-cadherin and CD44, which are key molecules involved in cell growth, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, the suppression of ezrin expression also sensitized cells to antitumor drugs. Altogether, our results demonstrated that ezrin played an important role in the tumorigenicity and metastasis of lung cancer cells, which will benefit the development of therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The 117th Hospital of PLA, Hang Zhou, People's Republic of China.
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