1
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Li X, Liu B, Wen Y, Wang J, Guo YR, Shi A, Lin L. Coordination of RAB-8 and RAB-11 during unconventional protein secretion. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306107. [PMID: 38019180 PMCID: PMC10686230 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple physiology-pertinent transmembrane proteins reach the cell surface via the Golgi-bypassing unconventional protein secretion (UcPS) pathway. By employing C. elegans-polarized intestine epithelia, we recently have revealed that the small GTPase RAB-8/Rab8 serves as an important player in the process. Nonetheless, its function and the relevant UcPS itinerary remain poorly understood. Here, we show that deregulated RAB-8 activity resulted in impaired apical UcPS, which increased sensitivity to infection and environmental stress. We also identified the SNARE VTI-1/Vti1a/b as a new RAB-8-interacting factor involved in the apical UcPS. Besides, RAB-11/Rab11 was capable of recruiting RABI-8/Rabin8 to reduce the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of SMGL-1/GEF toward RAB-8, indicating the necessity of a finely tuned RAB-8/RAB-11 network. Populations of RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomal structures containing the apical UcPS cargo moved toward the apical side. In the absence of RAB-11 or its effectors, the cargo was retained in RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomes, respectively, suggesting that these endosomes are utilized as intermediate carriers for the UcPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusong R. Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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2
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Singh V, Menard MA, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Zhao HT, Riley-DiPaolo A, Subrahmanian N, LaVoie MJ, Volpicelli-Daley LA. Cellular and subcellular localization of Rab10 and phospho-T73 Rab10 in the mouse and human brain. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:201. [PMID: 38110990 PMCID: PMC10726543 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant pathogenic mutations in Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause Parkinson's disease (PD). The most common mutation, G2019S-LRRK2, increases the kinase activity of LRRK2 causing hyper-phosphorylation of its substrates. One of these substrates, Rab10, is phosphorylated at a conserved Thr73 residue (pRab10), and is one of the most abundant LRRK2 Rab GTPases expressed in various tissues. The involvement of Rab10 in neurodegenerative disease, including both PD and Alzheimer's disease makes pinpointing the cellular and subcellular localization of Rab10 and pRab10 in the brain an important step in understanding its functional role, and how post-translational modifications could impact function. To establish the specificity of antibodies to the phosphorylated form of Rab10 (pRab10), Rab10 specific antisense oligonucleotides were intraventricularly injected into the brains of mice. Further, Rab10 knock out induced neurons, differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells were used to test the pRab10 antibody specificity. To amplify the weak immunofluorescence signal of pRab10, tyramide signal amplification was utilized. Rab10 and pRab10 were expressed in the cortex, striatum and the substantia nigra pars compacta. Immunofluorescence for pRab10 was increased in G2019S-LRRK2 knockin mice. Neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes all showed Rab10 and pRab10 expression. While Rab10 colocalized with endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome and trans-Golgi network markers, pRab10 did not localize to these organelles. However, pRab10, did overlap with markers of the presynaptic terminal in both mouse and human cortex, including α-synuclein. Results from this study suggest Rab10 and pRab10 are expressed in all brain areas and cell types tested in this study, but pRab10 is enriched at the presynaptic terminal. As Rab10 is a LRRK2 kinase substrate, increased kinase activity of G2019S-LRRK2 in PD may affect Rab10 mediated membrane trafficking at the presynaptic terminal in neurons in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Singh
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Marissa A Menard
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Geidy E Serrano
- Department of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Department of Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, 85351, USA
| | - Hien T Zhao
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Alexis Riley-DiPaolo
- Department of Neuroscience at the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Nitya Subrahmanian
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Fixel Institute for Neurologic Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Matthew J LaVoie
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Fixel Institute for Neurologic Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Laura A Volpicelli-Daley
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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3
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Rioux DJ, Prosser DC. A CIE change in our understanding of endocytic mechanisms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1334798. [PMID: 38192364 PMCID: PMC10773762 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1334798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The past six decades have seen major advances in our understanding of endocytosis, ranging from descriptive studies based on electron microscopy to biochemical and genetic characterization of factors required for vesicle formation. Most studies focus on clathrin as the major coat protein; indeed, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the primary pathway for internalization. Clathrin-independent (CIE) pathways also exist, although mechanistic understanding of these pathways remains comparatively elusive. Here, we discuss how early studies of CME shaped our understanding of endocytosis and describe recent advances in CIE, including pathways in model organisms that are poised to provide key insights into endocytic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Rioux
- Life Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Derek C. Prosser
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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4
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Fanelli MJ, Welsh CM, Lui DS, Smulan LJ, Walker AK. Immunity-linked genes are stimulated by a membrane stress pathway linked to Golgi function and the ARF-1 GTPase. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi5545. [PMID: 38055815 PMCID: PMC10699786 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Infection response and other immunity-linked genes (ILGs) were first named in Caenorhabditis elegans-based expression after pathogen challenge, but many are also up-regulated when lipid metabolism is perturbed. Why pathogen attack and metabolic changes both increase ILGs is unclear. We find that ILGs are activated when phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels change in membranes of secretory organelles in C. elegans. RNAi targeting of the ADP-ribosylation factor arf-1, which disrupts the Golgi and secretory function, also activates ILGs. Low PC limits ARF-1 function, suggesting a mechanism for ILG activation via lipid metabolism, as part of a membrane stress response acting outside the ER. RNAi of selected ILGs uncovered defects in the secretion of two GFP reporters and the accumulation of a pathogen-responsive complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 (CUB) domain fusion protein. Our data argue that up-regulation of some ILGs is a coordinated response to changes in trafficking and may act to counteract stress on secretory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Fanelli
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christofer M. Welsh
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Morningside School of Biomedical Sciences, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dominique S. Lui
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lorissa J. Smulan
- Department of Medicine, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Amy K. Walker
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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5
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Rodriguez-Polanco WR, Norris A, Velasco AB, Gleason AM, Grant BD. Syndapin and GTPase RAP-1 control endocytic recycling via RHO-1 and non-muscle myosin II. Curr Biol 2023; 33:4844-4856.e5. [PMID: 37832552 PMCID: PMC10841897 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
After endocytosis, many plasma membrane components are recycled via membrane tubules that emerge from early endosomes to form recycling endosomes, eventually leading to their return to the plasma membrane. We previously showed that Syndapin/PACSIN-family protein SDPN-1 is required in vivo for basolateral endocytic recycling in the C. elegans intestine. Here, we document an interaction between the SDPN-1 SH3 domain and a target sequence in PXF-1/PDZ-GEF1/RAPGEF2, a known exchange factor for Rap-GTPases. We found that endogenous mutations engineered into the SDPN-1 SH3 domain, or its binding site in the PXF-1 protein, interfere with recycling in vivo, as does the loss of the PXF-1 target RAP-1. In some contexts, Rap-GTPases negatively regulate RhoA activity, suggesting a potential for Syndapin to regulate RhoA. Our results indicate that in the C. elegans intestine, RHO-1/RhoA is enriched on SDPN-1- and RAP-1-positive endosomes, and the loss of SDPN-1 or RAP-1 elevates RHO-1(GTP) levels on intestinal endosomes. Furthermore, we found that depletion of RHO-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating that control of RHO-1 activity is a key mechanism by which SDPN-1 acts to promote endocytic recycling. RHO-1/RhoA is well known for controlling actomyosin contraction cycles, although little is known about the effects of non-muscle myosin II on endosomes. Our analysis found that non-muscle myosin II is enriched on SDPN-1-positive endosomes, with two non-muscle myosin II heavy-chain isoforms acting in apparent opposition. Depletion of nmy-2 inhibited recycling like sdpn-1 mutants, whereas depletion of nmy-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating that actomyosin contractility controls recycling endosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Norris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Agustin B Velasco
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Adenrele M Gleason
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barth D Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8521, USA.
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6
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Yoshida K, Suehiro Y, Dejima K, Yoshina S, Mitani S. Distinct pathways for export of silencing RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans systemic RNAi. iScience 2023; 26:108067. [PMID: 37854694 PMCID: PMC10579535 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplied double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can trigger RNA interference (RNAi) systemically in some animals, including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Although this phenomenon has been utilized as a major tool for gene silencing in C. elegans, how cells spread the silencing RNA throughout the organism is largely unknown. Here, we identify two novel systemic RNAi-related factors, REXD-1 and TBC-3, and show that these two factors together with SID-5 act redundantly to promote systemic spreading of dsRNA. Animals that are defective in all REXD-1, TBC-3, and SID-5 functions show strong deficiency in export of dsRNA from intestinal cells, whereas cellular uptake and processing of dsRNA and general secretion events other than dsRNA secretion are still functional in the triple mutant animals. Our findings reveal pathways that specifically regulate the export of dsRNA in parallel, implying the importance of spreading RNA molecules for intercellular communication in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Yoshida
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yuji Suehiro
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Katsufumi Dejima
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Sawako Yoshina
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Shohei Mitani
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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7
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Chen C, Yao L, Gao Z, Cheng Z, Yan Y, Liu H, Shi A. Age-associated decline in RAB-10 efficacy impairs intestinal barrier integrity. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1107-1127. [PMID: 37640905 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The age-related decline in the ability of the intestinal barrier to maintain selective permeability can lead to various physiological disturbances. Adherens junctions play a vital role in regulating intestinal permeability, and their proper assembly is contingent upon endocytic recycling. However, how aging affects the recycling efficiency and, consequently, the integrity of adherens junctions remains unclear. Here we show that RAB-10/Rab10 functionality is reduced during senescence, leading to impaired adherens junctions in the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine. Mechanistic analysis reveals that SDPN-1/PACSINs is upregulated in aging animals, suppressing RAB-10 activation by competing with DENN-4/GEF. Consistently, SDPN-1 knockdown alleviates age-related abnormalities in adherens junction integrity and intestinal barrier permeability. Of note, the inhibitory effect of SDPN-1 on RAB-10 requires KGB-1/JUN kinase, which presumably enhances the potency of SDPN-1 by altering its oligomerization state. Together, by examining age-associated changes in endocytic recycling, our study sheds light on how aging can impact intestinal barrier permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongyan Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changling Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longfeng Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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8
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Cengiz Winter N, Karakaya M, Mosen P, Brusius I, Anlar B, Haliloglu G, Winter D, Wirth B. Proteomic Investigation of Differential Interactomes of Glypican 1 and a Putative Disease-Modifying Variant of Ataxia. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3081-3095. [PMID: 37585105 PMCID: PMC10476613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
In a currently 13-year-old girl of consanguineous Turkish parents, who developed unsteady gait and polyneuropathy at the ages of 3 and 6 years, respectively, we performed whole genome sequencing and identified a biallelic missense variant c.424C>T, p.R142W in glypican 1 (GPC1) as a putative disease-associated variant. Up to date, GPC1 has not been associated with a neuromuscular disorder, and we hypothesized that this variant, predicted as deleterious, may be causative for the disease. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we investigated the interactome of GPC1 WT and the missense variant. We identified 198 proteins interacting with GPC1, of which 16 were altered for the missense variant. This included CANX as well as vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) complex members, whose dysregulation could have a potential impact on disease severity in the patient. Importantly, these proteins are novel interaction partners of GPC1. At 10.5 years, the patient developed dilated cardiomyopathy and kyphoscoliosis, and Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) was suspected. Given the unusually severe phenotype in a patient with FRDA carrying only 104 biallelic GAA repeat expansions in FXN, we currently speculate that disturbed GPC1 function may have exacerbated the disease phenotype. LC-MS/MS data are accessible in the ProteomeXchange Consortium (PXD040023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Cengiz Winter
- Institute
of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University
of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mert Karakaya
- Institute
of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University
of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Rare Diseases Cologne, University Hospital
of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Mosen
- Institute
for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabell Brusius
- Institute
of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Banu Anlar
- Department
of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Goknur Haliloglu
- Department
of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dominic Winter
- Institute
for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute
of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University
of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center
for Rare Diseases Cologne, University Hospital
of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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9
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Chen Y, Shen Y. Deteriorating maintenance of the intestinal wall. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1046-1047. [PMID: 37640904 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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10
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Xu R, Wan M, Shi X, Ma S, Zhang L, Yi P, Zhang R. A Rab10-ACAP1-Arf6 GTPases cascade modulates M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor trafficking and signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:87. [PMID: 36917255 PMCID: PMC11072986 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Membrane trafficking processes regulate the G protein-coupled receptor activity. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are highly pursued drug targets for neurological diseases, but the cellular machineries that control the trafficking of these receptors remain largely elusive. Here, we revealed the role of the small GTPase Rab10 as a negative regulator for the post-activation trafficking of M4 mAChR and the underlying mechanism. We show that constitutively active Rab10 arrests the receptor within Rab5-positive early endosomes and significantly hinders the resensitization of M4-mediated Ca2+ signaling. Mechanistically, M4 binds to Rab10-GTP, which requires the motif 386RKKRQMAA393 (R386-A393) within the third intracellular loop. Moreover, Rab10-GTP inactivates Arf6 by recruiting the Arf6 GTPase-activating protein, ACAP1. Strikingly, deletion of the motif R386-A393 causes M4 to bypass the control by Rab10 and switch to the Rab4-facilitated fast recycling pathway, thus reusing the receptor. Therefore, Rab10 couples the cargo sorting and membrane trafficking regulation through cycle between GTP-bound and GDP-bound state. Our findings suggest a model that Rab10 binds to the M4 like a molecular brake and controls the receptor's transport through endosomes, thus modulating the signaling, and this regulation is specific among the mAChR subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Xuemeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shumin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Rongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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11
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Rodriguez-Polanco WR, Norris A, Velasco AB, Gleason AM, Grant BD. Syndapin Regulates the RAP-1 GTPase to Control Endocytic Recycling via RHO-1 and Non-Muscle Myosin II. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.27.530328. [PMID: 36909525 PMCID: PMC10002613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
After endocytosis, many plasma membrane components are recycled via narrow-diameter membrane tubules that emerge from early endosomes to form recycling endosomes, eventually leading to their return to the plasma membrane. We previously showed that the F-BAR and SH3 domain Syndapin/PACSIN-family protein SDPN-1 is required in vivo for basolateral endocytic recycling in the C. elegans intestine. Here we sought to determine the significance of a predicted interaction between the SDPN-1 SH3 domain and a target sequence in PXF-1/PDZ-GEF1/RAPGEF2, a known exchange factor for Rap-GTPases. We found that endogenous mutations we engineered into the SDPN-1 SH3 domain, or its binding site in the PXF-1 protein, interfere with recycling in vivo , as does loss of the PXF-1 target RAP-1. Rap-GTPases have been shown in several contexts to negatively regulate RhoA activity. Our results show that RHO-1/RhoA is enriched on SDPN-1 and RAP-1 positive endosomes in the C. elegans intestine, and loss of SDPN-1 or RAP-1 elevates RHO-1(GTP) levels on intestinal endosomes. Furthermore, we found that depletion of RHO-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating that control of RHO-1 activity is a key mechanism by which SDPN-1 acts to promote endocytic recycling. RHO-1/RhoA is well-known for controlling actomyosin contraction cycles, although little is known of non-muscle myosin II on endosomes. Our analysis found that non-muscle myosin II is enriched on SDPN-1 positive endosomes, with two non-muscle myosin II heavy chain isoforms acting in apparent opposition. Depletion of nmy-2 inhibited recycling like sdpn-1 mutants, while depletion of nmy-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating actomyosin contractility in controlling recycling endosome function.
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12
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Chen Y, Kang J, Zhen R, Zhang L, Chen C. A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies the CCT chaperonin as a critical regulator of vesicle trafficking. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22757. [PMID: 36607310 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201580r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle trafficking is a fundamental cellular process that controls the transport of various proteins and cargos between cellular compartments in eukaryotes. Using a combination of genome-wide CRISPR screening in mammalian cells and RNAi screening in Caenorhabditis elegans, we identify chaperonin containing TCP-1 subunit 4 (CCT4) as a critical regulator of protein secretion and vesicle trafficking. In C. elegans, deficiency of cct-4 as well as other CCT subunits impairs the trafficking of endocytic markers in intestinal cells, and this defect resembles that of dyn-1 RNAi worms. Consistent with these findings, the silencing of CCT4 in human cells leads to defective endosomal trafficking, and this defect can be rescued by the dynamin activator Ryngo 1-23. These results suggest that the cytosolic chaperonin CCT may regulate vesicle trafficking by promoting the folding of dynamin in addition to its known substrate tubulin. Our findings establish an essential role for the CCT chaperonin in regulating vesicle trafficking, and provide new insights into the regulation of vesicle trafficking and the cellular function of the cytosolic chaperonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtian Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Kang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ru Zhen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiyong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Endocytosis in the axon initial segment maintains neuronal polarity. Nature 2022; 609:128-135. [PMID: 35978188 PMCID: PMC9433327 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are highly polarized cells that face the fundamental challenge of compartmentalizing a vast and diverse repertoire of proteins in order to function properly1. The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that separates a neuron’s morphologically, biochemically and functionally distinct axon and dendrite compartments2,3. How the AIS maintains polarity between these compartments is not fully understood. Here we find that in Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, rat and human neurons, dendritically and axonally polarized transmembrane proteins are recognized by endocytic machinery in the AIS, robustly endocytosed and targeted to late endosomes for degradation. Forcing receptor interaction with the AIS master organizer, ankyrinG, antagonizes receptor endocytosis in the AIS, causes receptor accumulation in the AIS, and leads to polarity deficits with subsequent morphological and behavioural defects. Therefore, endocytic removal of polarized receptors that diffuse into the AIS serves as a membrane-clearance mechanism that is likely to work in conjunction with the known AIS diffusion-barrier mechanism to maintain neuronal polarity on the plasma membrane. Our results reveal a conserved endocytic clearance mechanism in the AIS to maintain neuronal polarity by reinforcing axonal and dendritic compartment membrane boundaries. Endocytosis and degradation of plasma membrane proteins in the axon initial segment, together with the diffusion-barrier mechanism, maintain a polarized distribution of plasma membrane proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, rat and human neurons.
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14
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Wüstner D. Image segmentation and separation of spectrally similar dyes in fluorescence microscopy by dynamic mode decomposition of photobleaching kinetics. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:334. [PMID: 35962314 PMCID: PMC9373304 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Image segmentation in fluorescence microscopy is often based on spectral separation of fluorescent probes (color-based segmentation) or on significant intensity differences in individual image regions (intensity-based segmentation). These approaches fail, if dye fluorescence shows large spectral overlap with other employed probes or with strong cellular autofluorescence. Results Here, a novel model-free approach is presented which determines bleaching characteristics based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and uses the inferred photobleaching kinetics to distinguish different probes or dye molecules from autofluorescence. DMD is a data-driven computational method for detecting and quantifying dynamic events in complex spatiotemporal data. Here, DMD is first used on synthetic image data and thereafter used to determine photobleaching characteristics of a fluorescent sterol probe, dehydroergosterol (DHE), compared to that of cellular autofluorescence in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. It is shown that decomposition of those dynamic modes allows for separating probe from autofluorescence without invoking a particular model for the bleaching process. In a second application, DMD of dye-specific photobleaching is used to separate two green-fluorescent dyes, an NBD-tagged sphingolipid and Alexa488-transferrin, thereby assigning them to different cellular compartments. Conclusions Data-based decomposition of dynamic modes can be employed to analyze spatially varying photobleaching of fluorescent probes in cells and tissues for spatial and temporal image segmentation, discrimination of probe from autofluorescence and image denoising. The new method should find wide application in analysis of dynamic fluorescence imaging data. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-022-04881-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wüstner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Physics of Life Sciences (PhyLife) Center, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense, Denmark.
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15
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FERARI and cargo adaptors coordinate cargo flow through sorting endosomes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4620. [PMID: 35941155 PMCID: PMC9359993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular organization, compartmentalization and cell-to-cell communication are crucially dependent on endosomal pathways. Sorting endosomes provide a transit point for various trafficking pathways and decide the fate of proteins: recycling, secretion or degradation. FERARI (Factors for Endosome Recycling and Rab Interactions) play a key role in shaping these compartments and coordinate Rab GTPase function with membrane fusion and fission of vesicles through a kiss-and-run mechanism. Here, we show that FERARI also mediate kiss-and-run of Rab5-positive vesicles with sorting endosomes. During these encounters, cargo flows from Rab5-positive vesicles into sorting endosomes and from there in Rab11-positive vesicles. Cargo flow from sorting endosomes into Rab11 structures relies on the cargo adaptor SNX6, while cargo retention in the Rab11 compartment is dependent on AP1. The available cargo amount appears to regulate the duration of kisses. We propose that FERARI, together with cargo adaptors, coordinate the vectorial flow of cargo through sorting endosomes.
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16
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Meraş İ, Chotard L, Liontis T, Ratemi Z, Wiles B, Seo JH, Van Raamsdonk JM, Rocheleau CE. The Rab GTPase activating protein TBC-2 regulates endosomal localization of DAF-16 FOXO and lifespan. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010328. [PMID: 35913999 PMCID: PMC9371356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO transcription factors have been shown to regulate longevity in model organisms and are associated with longevity in humans. To gain insight into how FOXO functions to increase lifespan, we examined the subcellular localization of DAF-16 in C. elegans. We show that DAF-16 is localized to endosomes and that this endosomal localization is increased by the insulin-IGF signaling (IIS) pathway. Endosomal localization of DAF-16 is modulated by endosomal trafficking proteins. Disruption of the Rab GTPase activating protein TBC-2 increases endosomal localization of DAF-16, while inhibition of TBC-2 targets, RAB-5 or RAB-7 GTPases, decreases endosomal localization of DAF-16. Importantly, the amount of DAF-16 that is localized to endosomes has functional consequences as increasing endosomal localization through mutations in tbc-2 reduced the lifespan of long-lived daf-2 IGFR mutants, depleted their fat stores, and DAF-16 target gene expression. Overall, this work identifies endosomal localization as a mechanism regulating DAF-16 FOXO, which is important for its functions in metabolism and aging. FOXO transcription factors have been shown to modulate lifespan in multiple model organisms and to be associated with longevity in humans. Here we describe a new localization of the C. elegans FOXO transcription factor, called DAF-16. We report that DAF-16 localizes to endosomes, membrane compartments internalized from the plasma membrane at the cell surface. We demonstrate that expansion of these endosome compartments by disruption of an endosomal regulator called TBC-2 results in increased localization of DAF-16 on endosomes at the expense of nuclear localization in the intestinal cells. This results in altered expression of DAF-16 target genes, reduced fat storage and decreased lifespan. These results demonstrate the importance of endosomal trafficking for proper localization of DAF-16 and suggest that the endosome is an important site of FOXO regulation. An intriguing possibility based on our results is that storage of FOXO on endosomes facilitates the mobilization of FOXO as a rapid response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- İçten Meraş
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laëtitia Chotard
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thomas Liontis
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zakaria Ratemi
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Benjamin Wiles
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jung Hwa Seo
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Van Raamsdonk
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christian E. Rocheleau
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- * E-mail:
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17
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Khan TG, Ginsburg D, Emmer BT. The small GTPase RAB10 regulates endosomal recycling of the LDL receptor and transferrin receptor in hepatocytes. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100248. [PMID: 35753407 PMCID: PMC9305350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mediates the hepatic uptake of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), a process that modulates the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We recently identified RAB10, encoding a small GTPase, as a positive regulator of LDL uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HuH7) in a genome-wide CRISPR screen, though the underlying molecular mechanism for this effect was unknown. We now report that RAB10 regulates hepatocyte LDL uptake by promoting the recycling of endocytosed LDLR from RAB11-positive endosomes to the plasma membrane. We also show that RAB10 similarly promotes the recycling of the transferrin receptor, which binds the transferrin protein that mediates the transport of iron in the blood, albeit from a distinct RAB4-positive compartment. Taken together, our findings suggest a model in which RAB10 regulates LDL and transferrin uptake by promoting both slow and rapid recycling routes for their respective receptor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taslima Gani Khan
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David Ginsburg
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Brian T Emmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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18
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Wang X, Li X, Wang J, Wang J, Hu C, Zeng J, Shi A, Lin L. SMGL-1/NBAS acts as a RAB-8 GEF to regulate unconventional protein secretion. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213235. [PMID: 35604368 PMCID: PMC9129922 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathways are conserved across species. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Golgi-bypassing UPS of integral proteins remain elusive. In this study, we show that RAB-8 and SMGL-1/NBAS are required for the UPS of integral proteins in C. elegans intestine. SMGL-1 resides in the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and adjacent RAB-8-positive structures, and NRZ complex component CZW-1/ZW10 is required for this residency. Notably, SMGL-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB-8, ensuring UPS of integral proteins by driving the activation of RAB-8. Furthermore, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection elevated the expression of SMGL-1 and RAB-8. Loss of SMGL-1 or RAB-8 compromised resistance to environmental colchicine, arsenite, and pathogenic bacteria. These results suggest that the SMGL-1/RAB-8-mediated UPS could integrate environmental signals to serve as a host defense response. Together, by establishing the C. elegans intestine as a multicellular model, our findings provide insights into RAB-8-dependent Golgi-bypassing UPS, especially in the context of epithelia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Correspondence to Anbing Shi:
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Long Lin:
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19
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Shi W, Hu R, Wang P, Zhao R, Shen H, Li H, Wang L, Qiao Y, Jiang G, Cheng J, Wan X. Transcriptome analysis of acute high temperature-responsive genes and pathways in Palaemon gravieri. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 41:100958. [PMID: 34999569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is an important variable factor in aquaculture which affects the health, survival, behavior, growth, and development of aquatic animals. Palaemon gravieri is one of the main economic shrimps in marine capture fisheries of the East China Sea and the South China Yellow Sea; however, it cannot tolerate high temperatures, thereby, resulting in unsuccessful large-scale farming. Thus far, there are few studies on the effects of acute high temperature on P. graviera. Therefore, it is especially important to study the effects of temperature fluctuations, especially acute high temperature, on P. gravieri. In this study, P. gravieri was treated with acute high-temperature stress, which gradually rose from 15 °C to 30 °C in 3 h, then remained at 30 °C for 12 h. The hepatopancreas of shrimps from five time points was collected once at 15 °C and thereafter, every 3 h after 30 °C. The samples of G0, G1, and G4 were selected for transcriptome analysis. A total of 18,308 unigenes were annotated, of which 7744 were differentially expressed. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) come from several physiological and biochemical processes, such as metabolism (GRHPR, ALDH5A1, GDH), immunity (HSP70, Rab5B, Rab10, CASP7), and stress-related process (UGT, GST, HSP60, HSP90). The results indicated that acute high temperature significantly reduced the metabolic capacity of shrimp but enhanced the immune capacity, which seemed to be an emergency metabolic compensation technique to resist stress. This study contributes to ongoing research on the physiological mechanism of P. gravieri response to acute high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Shi
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Runhao Hu
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Libao Wang
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Qiao
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Xihe Wan
- Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong, China.
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20
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Brandt JN, Voss L, Rambo FM, Nicholson K, Thein JR, Fairchild L, Seabrook L, Lewis D, Guevara-Hernandez L, White ML, Sax L, Eichten V, Harper L, Hermann GJ. Asymmetric organelle positioning during epithelial polarization of C. elegans intestinal cells. Dev Biol 2022; 481:75-94. [PMID: 34597675 PMCID: PMC8665101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
While the epithelial cell cortex displays profound asymmetries in protein distribution and morphology along the apico-basal axis, the extent to which the cytoplasm is similarly polarized within epithelial cells remains relatively unexplored. We show that cytoplasmic organelles within C. elegans embryonic intestinal cells develop extensive apico-basal polarity at the time they establish cortical asymmetry. Nuclei and conventional endosomes, including early endosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes, become polarized apically. Lysosome-related gut granules, yolk platelets, and lipid droplets become basally enriched. Removal of par-3 activity does not disrupt organelle positioning, indicating that cytoplasmic apico-basal asymmetry is independent of the PAR polarity pathway. Blocking the apical migration of nuclei leads to the apical positioning of gut granules and yolk platelets, whereas the asymmetric localization of conventional endosomes and lipid droplets is unaltered. This suggests that nuclear positioning organizes some, but not all, cytoplasmic asymmetries in this cell type. We show that gut granules become apically enriched when WHT-2 and WHT-7 function is disrupted, identifying a novel role for ABCG transporters in gut granule positioning during epithelial polarization. Analysis of WHT-2 and WHT-7 ATPase mutants is consistent with a WHT-2/WHT-7 heterodimer acting as a transporter in gut granule positioning. In wht-2(-) mutants, the polarized distribution of other organelles is not altered and gut granules do not take on characteristics of conventional endosomes that could have explained their apical mispositioning. During epithelial polarization wht-2(-) gut granules exhibit a loss of the Rab32/38 family member GLO-1 and ectopic expression of GLO-1 is sufficient to rescue the basal positioning of wht-2(-) and wht-7(-) gut granules. Furthermore, depletion of GLO-1 causes the mislocalization of the endolysosomal RAB-7 to gut granules and RAB-7 drives the apical mispositioning of gut granules when GLO-1, WHT-2, or WHT-7 function is disrupted. We suggest that ABC transporters residing on gut granules can regulate Rab dynamics to control organelle positioning during epithelial polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Greg J. Hermann
- Corresponding author. Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, OR, USA, (G.J. Hermann)
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21
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Zhang H, Cheng Z, Li W, Hu J, Zhao L, Chen D, Gao J, Chen J, Yan Y, Lin L, Shi A. WTS-1/LATS regulates endocytic recycling by restraining F-actin assembly in a synergistic manner. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:273738. [PMID: 34817059 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of endosomal actin architecture negatively affects endocytic recycling. However, the underlying homeostatic mechanisms that regulate actin organization during recycling remain unclear. In this study, we identified a synergistic endosomal actin assembly restricting mechanism in C. elegans involving WTS-1, the homolog of LATS kinases, which is a core component of the Hippo pathway. WTS-1 resides on the sorting endosomes and colocalizes with the actin polymerization regulator PTRN-1 [the homolog of the calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs)]. We observed an increase in PTRN-1-labeled structures in WTS-1-deficient cells, indicating that WTS-1 can limit the endosomal localization of PTRN-1. Accordingly, the actin overaccumulation phenotype in WTS-1-depleted cells was mitigated by the associated PTRN-1 loss. We further demonstrated that recycling defects and actin overaccumulation in WTS-1-deficient cells were reduced by the overexpression of constitutively active UNC-60A(S3A) (a cofilin protein homolog), which aligns with the role of LATS as a positive regulator of cofilin activity. Altogether, our data confirmed previous findings, and we propose an additional model, that WTS-1 acts alongside the UNC-60A-mediated actin disassembly to restrict the assembly of endosomal F-actin by curbing PTRN-1 dwelling on endosomes, preserving recycling transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Linyue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
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22
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Wang S, Yao L, Zhang W, Cheng Z, Hu C, Liu H, Yan Y, Shi A. AP-1 Recruits SMAP-1/SMAPs to the trans-Golgi Network to Promote Sorting in Polarized Epithelia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774401. [PMID: 34901019 PMCID: PMC8655793 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated AP-1 and clathrin coat assembly mediate secretory sorting on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) during conventional secretion. Here we found that SMAP-1/SMAPs deficiency caused the apical protein ERM-1 to accumulate on the basolateral side of the TGN. In contrast, the basolateral protein SLCF-1 appeared abnormally on the apical membrane. SMAP-1 colocalized with AP-1 on the TGN. The integrity of AP-1 is required for the subcellular presence of SMAP-1. Moreover, we found that the loss of SMAP-1 reduced clathrin-positive structures in the cytosol, suggesting that SMAP-1 has a regulatory role in clathrin assembly on the TGN. Functional experiments showed that overexpressing clathrin effectively alleviated exocytic defects due to the lack of SMAP-1, corroborating the role of SMAP-1 in promoting the assembly of clathrin on the TGN. Together, our results suggested that the AP-1 complex regulates the TGN localization of SMAP-1, promoting clathrin assembly to ensure polarized conventional secretion in C. elegans intestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longfeng Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Jung Y, Artan M, Kim N, Yeom J, Hwang AB, Jeong DE, Altintas Ö, Seo K, Seo M, Lee D, Hwang W, Lee Y, Sohn J, Kim EJE, Ju S, Han SK, Nam HJ, Adams L, Ryu Y, Moon DJ, Kang C, Yoo JY, Park SK, Ha CM, Hansen M, Kim S, Lee C, Park SY, Lee SJV. MON-2, a Golgi protein, mediates autophagy-dependent longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj8156. [PMID: 34860542 PMCID: PMC8641931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in trafficking cargoes such as proteins and lipids. Defects in the Golgi apparatus lead to various diseases, but its role in organismal longevity is largely unknown. Using a quantitative proteomic approach, we found that a Golgi protein, MON-2, was up-regulated in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with mitochondrial respiration defects and was required for their longevity. Similarly, we showed that DOP1/PAD-1, which acts with MON-2 to traffic macromolecules between the Golgi and endosome, contributed to the longevity of respiration mutants. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MON-2 was required for up-regulation of autophagy, a longevity-associated recycling process, by activating the Atg8 ortholog GABARAP/LGG-1 in C. elegans. Consistently, we showed that mammalian MON2 activated GABARAPL2 through physical interaction, which increased autophagic flux in mammalian cells. Thus, the evolutionarily conserved role of MON2 in trafficking between the Golgi and endosome is an integral part of autophagy-mediated longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Murat Artan
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Ara B. Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Özlem Altintas
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Keunhee Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Mihwa Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Wooseon Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jooyeon Sohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji E. Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sungeun Ju
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Nam
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Linnea Adams
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Youngjae Ryu
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Dong Jin Moon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Kang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chang Man Ha
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Malene Hansen
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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24
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Tian Y, Kang Q, Shi X, Wang Y, Zhang N, Ye H, Xu Q, Xu T, Zhang R. SNX-3 mediates retromer-independent tubular endosomal recycling by opposing EEA-1-facilitated trafficking. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009607. [PMID: 34081703 PMCID: PMC8219167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Early endosomes are the sorting hub on the endocytic pathway, wherein sorting nexins (SNXs) play important roles for formation of the distinct membranous microdomains with different sorting functions. Tubular endosomes mediate the recycling of clathrin-independent endocytic (CIE) cargoes back toward the plasma membrane. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the tubule formation is still poorly understood. Here we screened the effect on the ARF-6-associated CIE recycling endosomal tubules for all the SNX members in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We identified SNX-3 as an essential factor for generation of the recycling tubules. The loss of SNX-3 abolishes the interconnected tubules in the intestine of C. elegans. Consequently, the surface and total protein levels of the recycling CIE protein hTAC are strongly decreased. Unexpectedly, depletion of the retromer components VPS-26/-29/-35 has no similar effect, implying that the retromer trimer is dispensable in this process. We determined that hTAC is captured by the ESCRT complex and transported into the lysosome for rapid degradation in snx-3 mutants. Interestingly, EEA-1 is increasingly recruited on early endosomes and localized to the hTAC-containing structures in snx-3 mutant intestines. We also showed that SNX3 and EEA1 compete with each other for binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate enriching early endosomes in Hela cells. Our data demonstrate for the first time that PX domain-only C. elegans SNX-3 organizes the tubular endosomes for efficient recycling and retrieves the CIE cargo away from the maturing sorting endosomes by competing with EEA-1 for binding to the early endosomes. However, our results call into question how SNX-3 couples the cargo capture and membrane remodeling in the absence of the retromer trimer complex. Trafficking of internalized materials through the endolysosomal system is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis and signaling regulation in all eukaryotic cells. Early endosomes are the sorting hub on the endocytic pathway. After internalization, the plasma membrane lipid, proteins, and invading pathogens are delivered to early endosomes for further degradation in lysosomes or for retrieval to the plasma membrane or the trans-Golgi network for reuse. However, when, where and by what mechanism various cargo proteins are sorted from each other and into the different pathways largely remain to be explored. Here, we identified SNX-3, a PX-domain only sorting nexin family member, as a novel regulator for the tubular endosomes underlying recycling of a subset of CIE cargoes. Compared with EEA-1, the superior recruitment of SNX-3 at the CIE-derived subpopulation of endosomes is critical for preventing these endosomes from converging to the classical sorting endosomes and subsequently into the multivesicular endosomal pathway. We speculate that through a spatio-temporal interplay with the retromer, SNX-3 is involved in different recycling transport carriers. Our finding of SNX-3’s role in modulating the formation of tubular endosomes provides insight into the sorting and trafficking of CIE pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangli Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiaoju Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuemeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nali Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (TX); (RZ)
| | - Rongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (TX); (RZ)
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25
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Zhang W, Wang S, Yang C, Hu C, Chen D, Luo Q, He Z, Liao Y, Yao Y, Chen J, He J, Hu J, Xia T, Lin L, Shi A. LET-502/ROCK Regulates Endocytic Recycling by Promoting Activation of RAB-5 in a Distinct Subpopulation of Sorting Endosomes. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108173. [PMID: 32966783 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of Rab5/RAB-5 activation during endocytic recycling, we perform a genome-wide RNAi screen and identify a recycling regulator, LET-502/ROCK. LET-502 preferentially interacts with RAB-5(GDP) and activates RABX-5 GEF activity toward RAB-5, presumably by disrupting the self-inhibiting conformation of RABX-5. Furthermore, we find that the concomitant loss of LET-502 and another CED-10 effector, TBC-2/RAB-5-GAP, results in an endosomal buildup of RAB-5, indicating that CED-10 directs TBC-2-mediated RAB-5 inactivation and re-activates RAB-5 via LET-502 afterward. Then, we compare the functional position of LET-502 with that of RME-6/RAB-5-GEF. Loss of LET-502-RABX-5 module or RME-6 leads to diminished RAB-5 presence in spatially distinct endosome groups. We conclude that in the intestine of C. elegans, RAB-5 resides in discrete endosome subpopulations. Under the oversight of CED-10, LET-502 synergizes with RABX-5 to revitalize RAB-5 on a subset of endosomes in the deep cytosol, ensuring the progress of basolateral recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China; Department of Pathology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Yuhan Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Department of Pathology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
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26
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Yan Y, Liu S, Hu C, Xie C, Zhao L, Wang S, Zhang W, Cheng Z, Gao J, Fu X, Yang Z, Wang X, Zhang J, Lin L, Shi A. RTKN-1/Rhotekin shields endosome-associated F-actin from disassembly to ensure endocytic recycling. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211976. [PMID: 33844824 PMCID: PMC8047894 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202007149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cargo sorting and the subsequent membrane carrier formation require a properly organized endosomal actin network. To better understand the actin dynamics during endocytic recycling, we performed a genetic screen in C. elegans and identified RTKN-1/Rhotekin as a requisite to sustain endosome-associated actin integrity. Loss of RTKN-1 led to a prominent decrease in actin structures and basolateral recycling defects. Furthermore, we showed that the presence of RTKN-1 thwarts the actin disassembly competence of UNC-60A/cofilin. Consistently, in RTKN-1–deficient cells, UNC-60A knockdown replenished actin structures and alleviated the recycling defects. Notably, an intramolecular interaction within RTKN-1 could mediate the formation of oligomers. Overexpression of an RTKN-1 mutant form that lacks self-binding capacity failed to restore actin structures and recycling flow in rtkn-1 mutants. Finally, we demonstrated that SDPN-1/Syndapin acts to direct the recycling endosomal dwelling of RTKN-1 and promotes actin integrity there. Taken together, these findings consolidated the role of SDPN-1 in organizing the endosomal actin network architecture and introduced RTKN-1 as a novel regulatory protein involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaoyi Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linyue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenrong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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27
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Chiyoda H, Kume M, del Castillo CC, Kontani K, Spang A, Katada T, Fukuyama M. Caenorhabditis elegans PTR/PTCHD PTR-18 promotes the clearance of extracellular hedgehog-related protein via endocytosis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009457. [PMID: 33872306 PMCID: PMC8104386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal restriction of signaling plays a critical role in animal development and tissue homeostasis. All stem and progenitor cells in newly hatched C. elegans larvae are quiescent and capable of suspending their development until sufficient food is supplied. Here, we show that ptr-18, which encodes the evolutionarily conserved patched-related (PTR)/patched domain-containing (PTCHD) protein, temporally restricts the availability of extracellular hedgehog-related protein to establish the capacity of progenitor cells to maintain quiescence. We found that neural progenitor cells exit from quiescence in ptr-18 mutant larvae even when hatched under starved conditions. This unwanted reactivation depended on the activity of a specific set of hedgehog-related grl genes including grl-7. Unexpectedly, neither PTR-18 nor GRL-7 were expressed in newly hatched wild-type larvae. Instead, at the late embryonic stage, both PTR-18 and GRL-7 proteins were first localized around the apical membrane of hypodermal and neural progenitor cells and subsequently targeted for lysosomal degradation before hatching. Loss of ptr-18 caused a significant delay in GRL-7 clearance, causing this protein to be retained in the extracellular space in newly hatched ptr-18 mutant larvae. Furthermore, the putative transporter activity of PTR-18 was shown to be required for the appropriate function of the protein. These findings not only uncover a previously undescribed role of PTR/PTCHD in the clearance of extracellular hedgehog-related proteins via endocytosis-mediated degradation but also illustrate that failure to temporally restrict intercellular signaling during embryogenesis can subsequently compromise post-embryonic progenitor cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Chiyoda
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kume
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kontani
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Toshiaki Katada
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Fukuyama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Abstract
As multi-cellular organisms evolved from small clusters of cells to complex metazoans, biological tubes became essential for life. Tubes are typically thought of as mainly playing a role in transport, with the hollow space (lumen) acting as a conduit to distribute nutrients and waste, or for gas exchange. However, biological tubes also provide a platform for physiological, mechanical, and structural functions. Indeed, tubulogenesis is often a critical aspect of morphogenesis and organogenesis. C. elegans is made up of tubes that provide structural support and protection (the epidermis), perform the mechanical and enzymatic processes of digestion (the buccal cavity, pharynx, intestine, and rectum), transport fluids for osmoregulation (the excretory system), and execute the functions necessary for reproduction (the germline, spermatheca, uterus and vulva). Here we review our current understanding of the genetic regulation, molecular processes, and physical forces involved in tubulogenesis and morphogenesis of the epidermal, digestive and excretory systems in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Shaye
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago-College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Martha C Soto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
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29
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Redhai S, Boutros M. The Role of Organelles in Intestinal Function, Physiology, and Disease. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:485-499. [PMID: 33551307 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestine maintains homeostasis by coordinating internal biological processes to adjust to fluctuating external conditions. The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed and comprises multiple cell types, including absorptive cells, secretory cells, and resident stem cells. An important feature of this organ is its ability to coordinate many processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, regeneration, damage/stress response, immune activity, feeding behavior, and age-related changes by using conserved signaling pathways. However, the subcellular spatial organization of these signaling events and the organelles involved has only recently been studied in detail. Here we discuss how organelles of intestinal cells serve to initiate, mediate, and terminate signals, that are vital for homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Redhai
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, BioQuant and Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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30
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Chen D, Xu W, Wang Y, Ye Y, Wang Y, Yu M, Gao J, Wei J, Dong Y, Zhang H, Fu X, Ma K, Wang H, Yang Z, Zhou J, Cheng W, Wang S, Chen J, Grant BD, Myers CL, Shi A, Xia T. Revealing Functional Crosstalk between Distinct Bioprocesses through Reciprocal Functional Tests of Genetically Interacting Genes. Cell Rep 2020; 29:2646-2658.e5. [PMID: 31775035 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To systematically explore the genes mediating functional crosstalk between metazoan biological processes, we apply comparative genetic interaction (GI) mapping in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans to generate an inter-bioprocess network consisting of 178 C. elegans GIs. The GI network spans six annotated biological processes including aging, intracellular transport, microtubule-based processes, cytokinesis, lipid metabolic processes, and anatomical structure development. By proposing a strategy called "reciprocal functional test" for interacting gene pairs, we discover a group of genes that mediate crosstalk between distinct biological processes. In particular, we identify the ribosomal S6 Kinase/RSKS-1, previously characterized as an mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) effector, as a regulator of DAF-2 endosomal recycling transport, which traces a functional correlation between endocytic recycling and aging processes. Together, our results provide an alternative and effective strategy for identifying genes and pathways that mediate crosstalk between bioprocesses with little prior knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yongshen Ye
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jielin Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhenrong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenqing Cheng
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Barth D Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Chad L Myers
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 200 Union St., Minneapolis MN 55455, USA
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Informatics Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Chung CG, Park SS, Park JH, Lee SB. Dysregulated Plasma Membrane Turnover Underlying Dendritic Pathology in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:556461. [PMID: 33192307 PMCID: PMC7580253 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.556461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their enormous surface area compared to other cell types, neurons face unique challenges in properly handling supply and retrieval of the plasma membrane (PM)-a process termed PM turnover-in their distal areas. Because of the length and extensiveness of dendritic branches in neurons, the transport of materials needed for PM turnover from soma to distal dendrites will be inefficient and quite burdensome for somatic organelles. To meet local demands, PM turnover in dendrites most likely requires local cellular machinery, such as dendritic endocytic and secretory systems, dysregulation of which may result in dendritic pathology observed in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Supporting this notion, a growing body of literature provides evidence to suggest the pathogenic contribution of dysregulated PM turnover to dendritic pathology in certain NDs. In this article, we present our perspective view that impaired dendritic endocytic and secretory systems may contribute to dendritic pathology by encumbering PM turnover in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Geon Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung Soon Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyang Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung Bae Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
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Gao J, Zhao L, Luo Q, Liu S, Lin Z, Wang P, Fu X, Chen J, Zhang H, Lin L, Shi A. An EHBP-1-SID-3-DYN-1 axis promotes membranous tubule fission during endocytic recycling. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008763. [PMID: 32384077 PMCID: PMC7239482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ACK family tyrosine kinase SID-3 is involved in the endocytic uptake of double-stranded RNA. Here we identified SID-3 as a previously unappreciated recycling regulator in the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine. The RAB-10 effector EHBP-1 is required for the endosomal localization of SID-3. Accordingly, animals with loss of SID-3 phenocopied the recycling defects observed in ehbp-1 and rab-10 single mutants. Moreover, we detected sequential protein interactions between EHBP-1, SID-3, NCK-1, and DYN-1. In the absence of SID-3, DYN-1 failed to localize at tubular recycling endosomes, and membrane tubules breaking away from endosomes were mostly absent, suggesting that SID-3 acts synergistically with the downstream DYN-1 to promote endosomal tubule fission. In agreement with these observations, overexpression of DYN-1 significantly increased recycling transport in SID-3-deficient cells. Finally, we noticed that loss of RAB-10 or EHBP-1 compromised feeding RNAi efficiency in multiple tissues, implicating basolateral recycling in the transport of RNA silencing signals. Taken together, our study demonstrated that in C. elegans intestinal epithelia, SID-3 acts downstream of EHBP-1 to direct fission of recycling endosomal tubules in concert with NCK-1 and DYN-1. After endocytic uptake, a recycling transport system is deployed to deliver endocytosed macromolecules, fluid, membranes, and membrane proteins back to the cell surface. This process is essential for a series of biological processes such as cytokinesis, cell migration, maintenance of cell polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Recycling endosomes mainly consist of membrane tubules and often undergo membrane fission to generate vesicular carriers, which mediates the delivery of cargo proteins back to the plasma membrane. Previous studies suggested that RAB-10 and its effector protein EHBP-1 function jointly to generate and maintain recycling endosomal tubules. However, the mechanism coupling recycling endosomal tubulation and membrane fission remains elusive. Here, we identified SID-3 as a new interactor of EHBP-1. EHBP-1 is required for the endosomal localization of SID-3 and initiates a protein interaction cascade involving SID-3, NCK-1, and DYN-1/dynamin. We also found that SID-3 functions downstream of EHBP-1 to encourage membrane scission, and that ectopic expression of DYN-1 improves recycling transport in SID-3-depleted cells. Our findings revealed EHBP-1 as a point of convergence between RAB-10-mediated endosomal tubulation and SID-3-assisted membrane tubule fission during endocytic recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linyue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuyao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ziyang Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peixiang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (AS)
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (AS)
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33
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Tanaka H, Kanatome A, Takagi S. Involvement of the synaptotagmin/stonin2 system in vesicular transport regulated by semaphorins in Caenorhabditis elegans epidermal cells. Genes Cells 2020; 25:391-401. [PMID: 32167217 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular transport serves as an important mechanism for cell shape regulation during development. Although the semaphorin signaling molecule, a well-known regulator of axon guidance, induces endocytosis in the growth cone and the axonal transport of vertebrate neurons, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans SNT-1/synaptotagmin-UNC-41/stonin2 system, whose role in synaptic vesicle recycling in neurons has been studied extensively, is involved in semaphorin-regulated vesicular transport in larval epidermal cells. Mutations in the snt-1/unc-41 genes strongly suppressed the cell shape defects of semaphorin mutants. The null mutation in the semaphorin receptor gene, plx-1, altered the expression and localization pattern of endocytic and exocytic markers in the epidermal cells while repressing the transport of SNT-1-containing vesicles toward late endosome/lysosome pathways. Our findings suggest that the nematode semaphorins regulate the vesicular transport in epidermal cells in a manner distinct from that of vertebrate semaphorins in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayana Kanatome
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shin Takagi
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
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34
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Haag A, Walser M, Henggeler A, Hajnal A. The CHORD protein CHP-1 regulates EGF receptor trafficking and signaling in C. elegans and in human cells. eLife 2020; 9:e50986. [PMID: 32053105 PMCID: PMC7062474 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular trafficking of growth factor receptors determines the activity of their downstream signaling pathways. Here, we show that the putative HSP-90 co-chaperone CHP-1 acts as a regulator of EGFR trafficking in C. elegans. Loss of chp-1 causes the retention of the EGFR in the ER and decreases MAPK signaling. CHP-1 is specifically required for EGFR trafficking, as the localization of other transmembrane receptors is unaltered in chp-1(lf) mutants, and the inhibition of hsp-90 or other co-chaperones does not affect EGFR localization. The role of the CHP-1 homolog CHORDC1 during EGFR trafficking is conserved in human cells. Analogous to C. elegans, the response of CHORDC1-deficient A431 cells to EGF stimulation is attenuated, the EGFR accumulates in the ER and ERK2 activity decreases. Although CHP-1 has been proposed to act as a co-chaperone for HSP90, our data indicate that CHP-1 plays an HSP90-independent function in controlling EGFR trafficking through the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Haag
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasseSwitzerland
- Molecular Life Science Zürich PhD ProgramZürichSwitzerland
| | - Michael Walser
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasseSwitzerland
| | - Adrian Henggeler
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasseSwitzerland
| | - Alex Hajnal
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasseSwitzerland
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35
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Tetraspanins TSP-12 and TSP-14 function redundantly to regulate the trafficking of the type II BMP receptor in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:2968-2977. [PMID: 31988138 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918807117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are a unique family of 4-pass transmembrane proteins that play important roles in a variety of cell biological processes. We have previously shown that 2 paralogous tetraspanins in Caenorhabditis elegans, TSP-12 and TSP-14, function redundantly to promote bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. The underlying molecular mechanisms, however, are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the expression and subcellular localization patterns of endogenously tagged TSP-12 and TSP-14 proteins. We found that TSP-12 and TSP-14 share overlapping expression patterns in multiple cell types, and that both proteins are localized on the cell surface and in various types of endosomes, including early, late, and recycling endosomes. Animals lacking both TSP-12 and TSP-14 exhibit reduced cell-surface levels of the BMP type II receptor DAF-4/BMPRII, along with impaired endosome morphology and mislocalization of DAF-4/BMPRII to late endosomes and lysosomes. These findings indicate that TSP-12 and TSP-14 are required for the recycling of DAF-4/BMPRII. Together with previous findings that the type I receptor SMA-6 is recycled via the retromer complex, our work demonstrates the involvement of distinct recycling pathways for the type I and type II BMP receptors and highlights the importance of tetraspanin-mediated intracellular trafficking in the regulation of BMP signaling in vivo. As TSP-12 and TSP-14 are conserved in mammals, our findings suggest that the mammalian TSP-12 and TSP-14 homologs may also function in regulating transmembrane protein recycling and BMP signaling.
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36
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Voss L, Foster OK, Harper L, Morris C, Lavoy S, Brandt JN, Peloza K, Handa S, Maxfield A, Harp M, King B, Eichten V, Rambo FM, Hermann GJ. An ABCG Transporter Functions in Rab Localization and Lysosome-Related Organelle Biogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2020; 214:419-445. [PMID: 31848222 PMCID: PMC7017009 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABC transporters couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of substrates across cellular membranes. This protein superfamily has diverse activities resulting from differences in their cargo and subcellular localization. Our work investigates the role of the ABCG family member WHT-2 in the biogenesis of gut granules, a Caenorhabditis elegans lysosome-related organelle. In addition to being required for the accumulation of birefringent material within gut granules, WHT-2 is necessary for the localization of gut granule proteins when trafficking pathways to this organelle are partially disrupted. The role of WHT-2 in gut granule protein targeting is likely linked to its function in Rab GTPase localization. We show that WHT-2 promotes the gut granule association of the Rab32 family member GLO-1 and the endolysosomal RAB-7, identifying a novel function for an ABC transporter. WHT-2 localizes to gut granules where it could play a direct role in controlling Rab localization. Loss of CCZ-1 and GLO-3, which likely function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for GLO-1, lead to similar disruption of GLO-1 localization. We show that CCZ-1, like GLO-3, is localized to gut granules. WHT-2 does not direct the gut granule association of the GLO-1 GEF and our results point to WHT-2 functioning differently than GLO-3 and CCZ-1 Point mutations in WHT-2 that inhibit its transport activity, but not its subcellular localization, lead to the loss of GLO-1 from gut granules, while other WHT-2 activities are not completely disrupted, suggesting that WHT-2 functions in organelle biogenesis through transport-dependent and transport-independent activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Voss
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Olivia K Foster
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Logan Harper
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Caitlin Morris
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sierra Lavoy
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - James N Brandt
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kimberly Peloza
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Simran Handa
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Amanda Maxfield
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Marie Harp
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brian King
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Fiona M Rambo
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
| | - Greg J Hermann
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon
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37
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Solinger JA, Rashid HO, Prescianotto-Baschong C, Spang A. FERARI is required for Rab11-dependent endocytic recycling. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:213-224. [PMID: 31988382 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Endosomal transport is essential for cellular organization and compartmentalization and cell-cell communication. Sorting endosomes provide a crossroads for various trafficking pathways and determine recycling, secretion or degradation of proteins. The organization of these processes requires membrane-tethering factors to coordinate Rab GTPase function with membrane fusion. Here, we report a conserved tethering platform that acts in the Rab11 recycling pathways at sorting endosomes, which we name factors for endosome recycling and Rab interactions (FERARI). The Rab-binding module of FERARI consists of Rab11FIP5 and rabenosyn-5/RABS-5, while the SNARE-interacting module comprises VPS45 and VIPAS39. Unexpectedly, the membrane fission protein EHD1 is also a FERARI component. Thus, FERARI appears to combine fusion activity through the SM protein VPS45 with pinching activity through EHD1 on SNX-1-positive endosomal membranes. We propose that coordination of fusion and pinching through a kiss-and-run mechanism drives cargo at endosomes into recycling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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38
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Shi L, Wang K, Deng Y, Wang Y, Zhu S, Yang X, Liao W. [Role of lipophagy in the regulation of lipid metabolism and the molecular mechanism]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:867-874. [PMID: 31340923 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.07.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have discovered a selective autophagy-lipophagy, which can selectively identify and degrade lipids and plays an important role in regulating cellular lipid metabolism and maintaining intracellular lipid homeostasis. The process of lipophagy can be directly or indirectly regulated by genes, enzymes, transcriptional regulators and other factors. This review examines the role of lipophagy in reducing liver lipid content, regulating pancreatic lipid metabolism, and regulating adipose tissue differentiation, and summarizes the findings of the molecules (Rab GTPase, enzymes, ion channels, transcription factors, small molecular substances) involved in the regulation of lipophagy, which points to new directions for the treatment of diseases caused by lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yudi Deng
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yingna Wang
- Guangzhou Sanxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shuangling Zhu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat- sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xushan Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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39
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Yan T, Wang L, Gao J, Siedlak SL, Huntley ML, Termsarasab P, Perry G, Chen SG, Wang X. Rab10 Phosphorylation is a Prominent Pathological Feature in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:157-165. [PMID: 29562525 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly, characterized by neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), senile plaques (SPs), and a progressive loss of neuronal cells in selective brain regions. Rab10, a small Rab GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking, has recently been identified as a novel protein associated with AD. Interestingly, Rab10 is a key substrate of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a serine/threonine protein kinase genetically associated with the second most common neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's disease. However, the phosphorylation state of Rab10 has not yet been investigated in AD. Here, using a specific antibody recognizing LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation at the amino acid residue threonine 73 (pRab10-T73), we performed immunocytochemical analysis of pRab10-T73 in hippocampal tissues of patients with AD. pRab10-T73 was prominent in NFTs in neurons within the hippocampus in all cases of AD examined, whereas immunoreactivity was very faint in control cases. Other characteristic AD pathological structures including granulovacuolar degeneration, dystrophic neurites and neuropil threads also contained pRab10-T73. The pRab10-T73 immunoreactivity was diminished greatly following dephosphorylation with alkaline phosphatase. pRab10-T73 was further found to be highly co-localized with hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) in AD, and demonstrated similar pathological patterns as pTau in Down syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy. Although pRab10-T73 immunoreactivity could be noted in dystrophic neurites surrounding SPs, SPs were largely negative for pRab10-T73. These findings indicate that Rab10 phosphorylation could be responsible for aberrations in the vesicle trafficking observed in AD leading to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiang Yan
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sandra L Siedlak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mikayla L Huntley
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pichet Termsarasab
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shu G Chen
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Shi X, Duan F, Lin L, Xu Q, Xu T, Zhang R. WIP-1 and DBN-1 promote scission of endocytic vesicles by bridging actin and Dynamin-1 in the C. elegans intestine. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228023. [PMID: 31118234 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a consensus that actin plays an important role in scission of the clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) together with large GTPases of the dynamin family in metazoan cells. However, the recruitment, regulation and functional interdependence of actin and dynamin during this process remain inadequately understood. Here, based on small-scale screening and in vivo live-imaging techniques, we identified a novel set of molecules underlying CCP scission in the multicellular organism Caenorhabditis elegans We found that loss of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-interacting protein (WIP-1) impaired CCP scission in a manner that is independent of the C. elegans homolog of WASP/N-WASP (WSP-1) and is mediated by direct binding to G-actin. Moreover, the cortactin-binding domain of WIP-1 serves as the binding interface for DBN-1 (also known in other organisms as Abp1), another actin-binding protein. We demonstrate that the interaction between DBN-1 and F-actin is essential for Dynamin-1 (DYN-1) recruitment at endocytic sites. In addition, the recycling regulator RME-1, a homolog of mammalian Eps15 homology (EH) domain-containing proteins, is increasingly recruited at the arrested endocytic intermediates induced by F-actin loss or DYN-1 inactivation, which further stabilizes the tubular endocytic intermediates. Our study provides new insights into the molecular network underlying F-actin participation in the scission of CCPs.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Fengyun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Long Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China .,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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41
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The C. elegans intestine: organogenesis, digestion, and physiology. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:383-396. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Suppression of autophagic activity by Rubicon is a signature of aging. Nat Commun 2019; 10:847. [PMID: 30783089 PMCID: PMC6381146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic degradation system, has been implicated as a convergent mechanism in various longevity pathways. Autophagic activity decreases with age in several organisms, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that the expression of Rubicon, a negative regulator of autophagy, increases in aged worm, fly and mouse tissues at transcript and/or protein levels, suggesting that an age-dependent increase in Rubicon impairs autophagy over time, and thereby curtails animal healthspan. Consistent with this idea, knockdown of Rubicon extends worm and fly lifespan and ameliorates several age-associated phenotypes. Tissue-specific experiments reveal that Rubicon knockdown in neurons has the greatest effect on lifespan. Rubicon knockout mice exhibits reductions in interstitial fibrosis in kidney and reduced α-synuclein accumulation in the brain. Rubicon is suppressed in several long-lived worms and calorie restricted mice. Taken together, our results suggest that suppression of autophagic activity by Rubicon is one of signatures of aging. Autophagic activity decreases with age via unknown mechanisms. Here the authors show that expression of the negative autophagy regulator Rubicon increases with age, that its genetic ablation improves lifespan and ameliorates a number of age-associated phenotypes in invertebrates and in mouse models.
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43
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Feleciano DR, Juenemann K, Iburg M, Brás IC, Holmberg CI, Kirstein J. Crosstalk Between Chaperone-Mediated Protein Disaggregation and Proteolytic Pathways in Aging and Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:9. [PMID: 30760997 PMCID: PMC6361847 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional protein quality control machinery is crucial to maintain cellular and organismal physiology. Perturbation in the protein homeostasis network can lead to the formation of misfolded and aggregated proteins that are a hallmark of protein conformational disorders and aging. Protein aggregation is counteracted by the action of chaperones that can resolubilize aggregated proteins. An alternative protein aggregation clearance strategy is the elimination by proteolysis employing the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) or autophagy. Little is known how these three protein aggregate clearance strategies are regulated and coordinated in an organism with the progression of aging or upon expression of disease-associated proteins. To unravel the crosstalk between the protein aggregate clearance options, we investigated how autophagy and the UPS respond to perturbations in protein disaggregation capacity. We found that autophagy is induced as a potential compensatory mechanism, whereas the UPS exhibits reduced capacity upon depletion of disaggregating chaperones in C. elegans and HEK293 cells. The expression of amyloid proteins Aβ3-42 and Q40 result in an impairment of autophagy as well as the UPS within the same and even across tissues. Our data indicate a tight coordination between the different nodes of the proteostasis network (PN) with the progression of aging and upon imbalances of the capacity of each clearance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo R Feleciano
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Juenemann
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Iburg
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inês C Brás
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Carina I Holmberg
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, and Medicum, Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janine Kirstein
- Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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44
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Kage-Nakadai E, Sun S, Iwata S, Yoshina S, Nishikawa Y, Mitani S. The small GTPase ARF-1.2 is a regulator of unicellular tube formation in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:47-56. [PMID: 29704149 PMCID: PMC10717417 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The membrane trafficking events that regulate unicellular tube formation and maintenance are not well understood. Here, using an RNAi screen, we identified the small GTPase ARF1 homolog ARF-1.2 as a regulator of excretory tube formation in Caenorhabditis elegans. RNAi-mediated knockdown and knockout of the arf-1.2 gene resulted in the formation of large intracellular vacuoles at the growth sites (varicosities) of the excretory canals. arf-1.2 mutant animals were sensitive to hyperosmotic conditions. arf-1.2 RNAi affected the localization of the anion transporter SULP-8, which is expressed in the basal plasma membrane of the excretory canals, but did not affect the expression of SULP-4, which is expressed in the apical membrane. The phenotype of arf-1.2 mutants was suppressed by mutation of the small Rho GTPase CDC-42, a regulator of apical/basal traffic balance. These results suggest that ARF-1.2 plays an essential role in basal membrane traffic to regulate the formation of the unicellular excretory tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kage-Nakadai
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Simo Sun
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Satoru Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Sawako Yoshina
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Shohei Mitani
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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45
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Tavana JP, Rosene M, Jensen NO, Ridge PG, Kauwe JS, Karch CM. RAB10: an Alzheimer's disease resilience locus and potential drug target. Clin Interv Aging 2018; 14:73-79. [PMID: 30643396 PMCID: PMC6312396 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s159148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is mainly a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder. Substantial efforts have been made to solve the complex genetic architecture of AD as a means to identify therapeutic targets. Unfortunately, to date, no disease-altering therapeutics have been developed. As therapeutics are likely to be most effective in the early stages of disease (ie, before the onset of symptoms), a recent focus of AD research has been the identification of protective factors that prevent disease. One example is the discovery of a rare variant in the 3′-UTR of RAB10 that is protective for AD. Here, we review the possible genetic, molecular, and functional role of RAB10 in AD and potential therapeutic approaches to target RAB10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina P Tavana
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Matthew Rosene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA,
| | - Nick O Jensen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA,
| | - Perry G Ridge
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - John Sk Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA, .,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA,
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46
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Morris C, Foster OK, Handa S, Peloza K, Voss L, Somhegyi H, Jian Y, Vo MV, Harp M, Rambo FM, Yang C, Hermann GJ. Function and regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans Rab32 family member GLO-1 in lysosome-related organelle biogenesis. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007772. [PMID: 30419011 PMCID: PMC6268011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell type-specific modifications of conventional endosomal trafficking pathways lead to the formation of lysosome-related organelles (LROs). C. elegans gut granules are intestinally restricted LROs that coexist with conventional degradative lysosomes. The formation of gut granules requires the Rab32 family member GLO-1. We show that the loss of glo-1 leads to the mistrafficking of gut granule proteins but does not significantly alter conventional endolysosome biogenesis. GLO-3 directly binds to CCZ-1 and they both function to promote the gut granule association of GLO-1, strongly suggesting that together, GLO-3 and CCZ-1 activate GLO-1. We found that a point mutation in GLO-1 predicted to spontaneously activate, and function independently of it guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), localizes to gut granules and partially restores gut granule protein localization in ccz-1(-) and glo-3(-) mutants. CCZ-1 forms a heterodimeric complex with SAND-1(MON1), which does not function in gut granule formation, to activate RAB-7 in trafficking pathways to conventional lysosomes. Therefore, our data suggest a model whereby the function of a Rab GEF can be altered by subunit exchange. glo-3(-) mutants, which retain low levels of GLO-3 activity, generate gut granules that lack GLO-1 and improperly accumulate RAB-7 in a SAND-1 dependent process. We show that GLO-1 and GLO-3 restrict the distribution of RAB-7 to conventional endolysosomes, providing insights into the segregation of pathways leading to conventional lysosomes and LROs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Morris
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Olivia K. Foster
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Simran Handa
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Peloza
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Laura Voss
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Hannah Somhegyi
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Youli Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - My Van Vo
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Marie Harp
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Fiona M. Rambo
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Chonglin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Greg J. Hermann
- Department of Biology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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47
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Rudkouskaya A, Sinsuebphon N, Ward J, Tubbesing K, Intes X, Barroso M. Quantitative imaging of receptor-ligand engagement in intact live animals. J Control Release 2018; 286:451-459. [PMID: 30036545 PMCID: PMC6231501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining an intact tumor environment is critical for quantitation of receptor-ligand engagement in a targeted drug development pipeline. However, measuring receptor-ligand engagement in vivo and non-invasively in preclinical settings is extremely challenging. We found that quantitation of intracellular receptor-ligand binding can be achieved using whole-body macroscopic lifetime-based Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) imaging in intact, live animals bearing tumor xenografts. We determined that FRET levels report on ligand binding to transferrin receptors conversely to raw fluorescence intensity. FRET levels in heterogeneous tumors correlate with intracellular ligand binding but strikingly, not with ubiquitously used ex vivo receptor expression assessment. Hence, MFLI-FRET provides a direct measurement of systemic delivery, target availability and intracellular drug delivery in preclinical studies. Here, we have used MFLI to measure FRET longitudinally in intact and live animals. MFLI-FRET is well-suited for guiding the development of targeted drug therapy in heterogeneous tumors in intact, live small animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Rudkouskaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Nattawut Sinsuebphon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Jamie Ward
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Kate Tubbesing
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Xavier Intes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.
| | - Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA.
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48
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Zhang J, Liu J, Norris A, Grant BD, Wang X. A novel requirement for ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC-13 in retrograde recycling of MIG-14/Wntless and Wnt signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:2098-2112. [PMID: 29927348 PMCID: PMC6232959 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-11-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
After endocytosis, transmembrane cargoes such as signaling receptors, channels, and transporters enter endosomes where they are sorted to different destinations. Retromer and ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) are functionally distinct protein complexes on endosomes that direct cargo sorting into the recycling retrograde transport pathway and the degradative multivesicular endosome pathway (MVE), respectively. Cargoes destined for degradation in lysosomes are decorated with K63-linked ubiquitin chains, which serve as an efficient sorting signal for entry into the MVE pathway. Defects in K63-linked ubiquitination disrupt MVE sorting and degradation of membrane proteins. Here, we unexpectedly found that UBC-13, the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that generates K63-linked ubiquitin chains, is essential for retrograde transport of multiple retromer-dependent cargoes including MIG-14/Wntless. Loss of ubc-13 disrupts MIG-14/Wntless trafficking from endosomes to the Golgi, causing missorting of MIG-14 to lysosomes and impairment of Wnt-dependent processes. We observed that retromer-associated SNX-1 and the ESCRT-0 subunit HGRS-1/Hrs localized to distinct regions on a common endosome in wild type but overlapped on ubc-13(lf) endosomes, indicating that UBC-13 is important for the separation of retromer and ESCRT microdomains on endosomes. Our data suggest that cargo ubiquitination mediated by UBC-13 plays an important role in maintaining the functionally distinct subdomains to ensure efficient cargo segregation on endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinchao Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Anne Norris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Barth D Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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49
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Sheehan P, Yue Z. Deregulation of autophagy and vesicle trafficking in Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2018; 697:59-65. [PMID: 29627340 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized pathologically by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the intracellular accumulation of α-synuclein in the Lewy bodies. While the pathogenic mechanisms of PD are poorly understood, many lines of evidence point to a role of altered autophagy and membrane trafficking in the development of the disease. Emerging studies show that connections between the deregulation of autophagy and synaptic vesicle (SV) trafficking may contribute to PD. Here we review the evidence that many PD related-genes have roles in both autophagy and SV trafficking and examine how deregulation of these pathways contributes to PD pathogenesis. This review also discusses recent studies aimed at uncovering the role of PD-linked genes in autophagy-lysosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sheehan
- Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA.
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50
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Gong T, Yan Y, Zhang J, Liu S, Liu H, Gao J, Zhou X, Chen J, Shi A. PTRN-1/CAMSAP promotes CYK-1/formin-dependent actin polymerization during endocytic recycling. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798556. [PMID: 29567645 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cargo sorting and membrane carrier initiation in recycling endosomes require appropriately coordinated actin dynamics. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of actin organization during recycling transport remains elusive. Here we report that the loss of PTRN-1/CAMSAP stalled actin exchange and diminished the cytosolic actin structures. Furthermore, we found that PTRN-1 is required for the recycling of clathrin-independent cargo hTAC-GFP The N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain and central coiled-coils (CC) region of PTRN-1 can synergistically sustain the flow of hTAC-GFP We identified CYK-1/formin as a binding partner of PTRN-1. The N-terminal GTPase-binding domain (GBD) of CYK-1 serves as the binding interface for the PTRN-1 CH domain. The presence of the PTRN-1 CH domain promoted CYK-1-mediated actin polymerization, which suggests that the PTRN-1-CH:CYK-1-GBD interaction efficiently relieves autoinhibitory interactions within CYK-1. As expected, the overexpression of the CYK-1 formin homology domain 2 (FH2) substantially restored actin structures and partially suppressed the hTAC-GFP overaccumulation phenotype in ptrn-1 mutants. We conclude that the PTRN-1 CH domain is required to stimulate CYK-1 to facilitate actin dynamics during endocytic recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China .,Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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