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Recouvreux P, Pai P, Dunsing V, Torro R, Ludanyi M, Mélénec P, Boughzala M, Bertrand V, Lenne PF. Transfer of polarity information via diffusion of Wnt ligands in C. elegans embryos. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1853-1865.e6. [PMID: 38604167 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Different signaling mechanisms concur to ensure robust tissue patterning and cell fate instruction during animal development. Most of these mechanisms rely on signaling proteins that are produced, transported, and detected. The spatiotemporal dynamics of signaling molecules are largely unknown, yet they determine signal activity's spatial range and time frame. Here, we use the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo to study how Wnt ligands, an evolutionarily conserved family of signaling proteins, dynamically organize to establish cell polarity in a developing tissue. We identify how Wnt ligands, produced in the posterior half of the embryos, spread extracellularly to transmit information to distant target cells in the anterior half. With quantitative live imaging and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we show that Wnt ligands diffuse through the embryo over a timescale shorter than the cell cycle, in the intercellular space, and outside the tissue below the eggshell. We extracted diffusion coefficients of Wnt ligands and their receptor Frizzled and characterized their co-localization. Integrating our different measurements and observations in a simple computational framework, we show how fast diffusion in the embryo can polarize individual cells through a time integration of the arrival of the ligands at the target cells. The polarity established at the tissue level by a posterior Wnt source can be transferred to the cellular level. Our results support a diffusion-based long-range Wnt signaling, which is consistent with the dynamics of developing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Recouvreux
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| | - Pritha Pai
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Valentin Dunsing
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Torro
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Monika Ludanyi
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Mélénec
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Mariem Boughzala
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Bertrand
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-François Lenne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
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2
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Karki S, Saadaoui M, Dunsing V, Kerridge S, Da Silva E, Philippe JM, Maurange C, Lecuit T. Serotonin signaling regulates actomyosin contractility during morphogenesis in evolutionarily divergent lineages. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5547. [PMID: 37684231 PMCID: PMC10491668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that signals through 5-HT receptors to control key functions in the nervous system. Serotonin receptors are also ubiquitously expressed in various organs and have been detected in embryos of different organisms. Potential morphogenetic functions of serotonin signaling have been proposed based on pharmacological studies but a mechanistic understanding is still lacking. Here, we uncover a role of serotonin signaling in axis extension of Drosophila embryos by regulating Myosin II (MyoII) activation, cell contractility and cell intercalation. We find that serotonin and serotonin receptors 5HT2A and 5HT2B form a signaling module that quantitatively regulates the amplitude of planar polarized MyoII contractility specified by Toll receptors and the GPCR Cirl. Remarkably, serotonin signaling also regulates actomyosin contractility at cell junctions, cellular flows and epiblast morphogenesis during chicken gastrulation. This phylogenetically conserved mechanical function of serotonin signaling in regulating actomyosin contractility and tissue flow reveals an ancestral role in morphogenesis of multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Karki
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Mehdi Saadaoui
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Valentin Dunsing
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Stephen Kerridge
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Elise Da Silva
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marc Philippe
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Cédric Maurange
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Lecuit
- Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, IBDM-UMR7288 & Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
- Collège de France, Paris, France.
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3
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Petrich A, Chiantia S. Influenza A Virus Infection Alters Lipid Packing and Surface Electrostatic Potential of the Host Plasma Membrane. Viruses 2023; 15:1830. [PMID: 37766238 PMCID: PMC10537794 DOI: 10.3390/v15091830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of influenza A viruses (IAVs) is influenced by several factors, including IAV strain origin and reassortment, tissue tropism and host type. While such factors were mostly investigated in the context of virus entry, fusion and replication, little is known about the viral-induced changes to the host lipid membranes which might be relevant in the context of virion assembly. In this work, we applied several biophysical fluorescence microscope techniques (i.e., Förster energy resonance transfer, generalized polarization imaging and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy) to quantify the effect of infection by two IAV strains of different origin on the plasma membrane (PM) of avian and human cell lines. We found that IAV infection affects the membrane charge of the inner leaflet of the PM. Moreover, we showed that IAV infection impacts lipid-lipid interactions by decreasing membrane fluidity and increasing lipid packing. Because of such alterations, diffusive dynamics of membrane-associated proteins are hindered. Taken together, our results indicate that the infection of avian and human cell lines with IAV strains of different origins had similar effects on the biophysical properties of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Petrich A, Aji AK, Dunsing V, Chiantia S. Benchmarking of novel green fluorescent proteins for the quantification of protein oligomerization in living cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285486. [PMID: 37535571 PMCID: PMC10399874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein-interactions play an important role in many cellular functions. Quantitative non-invasive techniques are applied in living cells to evaluate such interactions, thereby providing a broader understanding of complex biological processes. Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy describes a group of quantitative microscopy approaches for the characterization of molecular interactions at single cell resolution. Through the obtained molecular brightness, it is possible to determine the oligomeric state of proteins. This is usually achieved by fusing fluorescent proteins (FPs) to the protein of interest. Recently, the number of novel green FPs has increased, with consequent improvements to the quality of fluctuation-based measurements. The photophysical behavior of FPs is influenced by multiple factors (including photobleaching, protonation-induced "blinking" and long-lived dark states). Assessing these factors is critical for selecting the appropriate fluorescent tag for live cell imaging applications. In this work, we focus on novel green FPs that are extensively used in live cell imaging. A systematic performance comparison of several green FPs in living cells under different pH conditions using Number & Brightness (N&B) analysis and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy was performed. Our results show that the new FP Gamillus exhibits higher brightness at the cost of lower photostability and fluorescence probability (pf), especially at lower pH. mGreenLantern, on the other hand, thanks to a very high pf, is best suited for multimerization quantification at neutral pH. At lower pH, mEGFP remains apparently the best choice for multimerization investigation. These guidelines provide the information needed to plan quantitative fluorescence microscopy involving these FPs, both for general imaging or for protein-protein-interactions quantification via fluorescence fluctuation-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Petrich
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Amit Koikkarah Aji
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Valentin Dunsing
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, UMR 7288, IBDM, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
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5
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Schilling S, August A, Meleux M, Conradt C, Tremmel LM, Teigler S, Adam V, Müller UC, Koo EH, Kins S, Eggert S. APP family member dimeric complexes are formed predominantly in synaptic compartments. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:141. [PMID: 37533067 PMCID: PMC10398996 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer's disease (AD), is part of a larger gene family, including the APP like proteins APLP1 and APLP2. They share similar structures, form homo- and heterotypic dimers and exhibit overlapping functions. RESULTS We investigated complex formation of the APP family members via two inducible dimerization systems, the FKBP-rapamycin based dimerization as well as cysteine induced dimerization, combined with co-immunoprecipitations and Blue Native (BN) gel analyses. Within the APP family, APLP1 shows the highest degree of dimerization and high molecular weight (HMW) complex formation. Interestingly, only about 20% of APP is dimerized in cultured cells whereas up to 50% of APP is dimerized in mouse brains, independent of age and splice forms. Furthermore, we could show that dimerized APP originates mostly from neurons and is enriched in synaptosomes. Finally, BN gel analysis of human cortex samples shows a significant decrease of APP dimers in AD patients compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Together, we suggest that loss of full-length APP dimers might correlate with loss of synapses in the process of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schilling
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Alexander August
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mathieu Meleux
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carolin Conradt
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Luisa M Tremmel
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Medical, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Teigler
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Virginie Adam
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ulrike C Müller
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, 92093-0662, USA
| | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City-Campus, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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6
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Mørch AM, Schneider F. Investigating Diffusion Dynamics and Interactions with Scanning Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (sFCS). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2654:61-89. [PMID: 37106176 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3135-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Activation of immune cells and formation of immunological synapses (IS) rely critically on the reorganization of the plasma membrane. These highly orchestrated processes are driven by diffusion and oligomerization dynamics, as well as by single molecule interactions. While slow macro- and meso-scale changes in organization can be observed with conventional imaging, fast nano-scale dynamics are often missed with traditional approaches, but resolving them is, nonetheless, essential to understand the underlying biological mechanisms at play. Here, we describe the use of scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (sFCS) and scanning fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (sFCCS) to study reorganization and changes in molecular diffusion dynamics and interactions during IS formation and in other biological settings. We focus on the practical aspects of the measurements including calibration and alignment of the optical setup, present a comprehensive protocol to perform the measurements, and provide data analysis pipelines and strategies. Finally, we show an exemplary application of the technology to studying Lck diffusion during T-cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Falk Schneider
- Translational Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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7
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Stephan MS, Dunsing V, Pramanik S, Chiantia S, Barbirz S, Robinson T, Dimova R. Biomimetic asymmetric bacterial membranes incorporating lipopolysaccharides. Biophys J 2022:S0006-3495(22)03927-3. [PMID: 36523159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are equipped with a cell wall that contains a complex matrix of lipids, proteins, and glycans, which form a rigid layer protecting bacteria from the environment. Major components of this outer membrane are the high-molecular weight and amphiphilic lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). They form the extracellular part of a heterobilayer with phospholipids. Understanding LPS properties within the outer membrane is therefore important to develop new antimicrobial strategies. Model systems, such as giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), provide a suitable platform for exploring membrane properties and interactions. However, LPS molecules contain large polysaccharide parts that confer high water solubility, which makes LPS incorporation in artificial membranes difficult; this hindrance is exacerbated for LPS with long polysaccharide chains, i.e., the smooth LPS. Here, a novel emulsification step of the inverted emulsion method is introduced to incorporate LPS in the outer or the inner leaflet of GUVs, exclusively. We developed an approach to determine the LPS content on individual GUVs and quantify membrane asymmetry. The asymmetric membranes with outer leaflet LPS show incorporations of 1-16 mol % smooth LPS (corresponding to 16-79 wt %), while vesicles with inner leaflet LPS reach coverages of 2-7 mol % smooth LPS (28-60 wt %). Diffusion coefficient measurements in the obtained GUVs showed that increasing LPS concentrations in the membranes resulted in decreased diffusivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentin Dunsing
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IBDM, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France; University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Shreya Pramanik
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefanie Barbirz
- Department Humanmedizin, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tom Robinson
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
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8
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Pfundstein G, Nikonenko AG, Sytnyk V. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid β (Aβ) interact with cell adhesion molecules: Implications in Alzheimer’s disease and normal physiology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:969547. [PMID: 35959488 PMCID: PMC9360506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.969547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder in which dysfunction and loss of synapses and neurons lead to cognitive impairment and death. Accumulation and aggregation of neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides generated via amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is considered to play a central role in the disease etiology. APP interacts with cell adhesion molecules, which influence the normal physiological functions of APP, its amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic processing, and formation of Aβ aggregates. These cell surface glycoproteins also mediate attachment of Aβ to the neuronal cell surface and induce intracellular signaling contributing to Aβ toxicity. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge surrounding the interactions of cell adhesion molecules with APP and Aβ and analyze the evidence of the critical role these proteins play in regulating the processing and physiological function of APP as well as Aβ toxicity. This is a necessary piece of the complex AD puzzle, which we should understand in order to develop safe and effective therapeutic interventions for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Pfundstein
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Vladimir Sytnyk,
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9
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Petrich A, Dunsing V, Bobone S, Chiantia S. Influenza A M2 recruits M1 to the plasma membrane: A fluorescence fluctuation microscopy study. Biophys J 2021; 120:5478-5490. [PMID: 34808098 PMCID: PMC8715234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a respiratory pathogen that causes seasonal epidemics with significant mortality. One of the most abundant proteins in IAV particles is the matrix protein 1 (M1), which is essential for the virus structural stability. M1 organizes virion assembly and budding at the plasma membrane (PM), where it interacts with other viral components. The recruitment of M1 to the PM as well as its interaction with the other viral envelope proteins (hemagglutinin [HA], neuraminidase, matrix protein 2 [M2]) is controversially discussed in previous studies. Therefore, we used fluorescence fluctuation microscopy techniques (i.e., scanning fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy and number and brightness) to quantify the oligomeric state of M1 and its interactions with other viral proteins in co-transfected as well as infected cells. Our results indicate that M1 is recruited to the PM by M2, as a consequence of the strong interaction between the two proteins. In contrast, only a weak interaction between M1 and HA was observed. M1-HA interaction occurred only in the event that M1 was already bound to the PM. We therefore conclude that M2 initiates the assembly of IAV by recruiting M1 to the PM, possibly allowing its further interaction with other viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Petrich
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Valentin Dunsing
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sara Bobone
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Roma, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam, Germany.
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10
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Dunsing V, Petrich A, Chiantia S. Multicolor fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy in living cells via spectral detection. eLife 2021; 10:e69687. [PMID: 34494547 PMCID: PMC8545396 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways in biological systems rely on specific interactions between multiple biomolecules. Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy provides a powerful toolbox to quantify such interactions directly in living cells. Cross-correlation analysis of spectrally separated fluctuations provides information about intermolecular interactions but is usually limited to two fluorophore species. Here, we present scanning fluorescence spectral correlation spectroscopy (SFSCS), a versatile approach that can be implemented on commercial confocal microscopes, allowing the investigation of interactions between multiple protein species at the plasma membrane. We demonstrate that SFSCS enables cross-talk-free cross-correlation, diffusion, and oligomerization analysis of up to four protein species labeled with strongly overlapping fluorophores. As an example, we investigate the interactions of influenza A virus (IAV) matrix protein 2 with two cellular host factors simultaneously. We furthermore apply raster spectral image correlation spectroscopy for the simultaneous analysis of up to four species and determine the stoichiometry of ternary IAV polymerase complexes in the cell nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Dunsing
- Universität Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyPotsdamGermany
| | - Annett Petrich
- Universität Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyPotsdamGermany
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Universität Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyPotsdamGermany
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11
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Onodera W, Asahi T, Sawamura N. Rapid evolution of mammalian APLP1 as a synaptic adhesion molecule. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11305. [PMID: 34050225 PMCID: PMC8163877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) family members are involved in essential neuronal development including neurite outgrowth, neuronal migration and maturation of synapse and neuromuscular junction. Among the APP gene family members, amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1) is selectively expressed in neurons and has specialized functions during synaptogenesis. Although a potential role for APLP1 in neuronal evolution has been indicated, its precise evolutionary and functional contributions are unknown. This study shows the molecular evolution of the vertebrate APP family based on phylogenetic analysis, while contrasting the evolutionary differences within the APP family. Phylogenetic analysis showed 15 times higher substitution rate that is driven by positive selection at the stem branch of the mammalian APLP1, resulting in dissimilar protein sequences compared to APP/APLP2. Docking simulation identified one positively selected site in APLP1 that alters the heparin-binding site, which could affect its function, and dimerization rate. Furthermore, the evolutionary rate covariation between the mammalian APP family and synaptic adhesion molecules (SAMs) was confirmed, indicating that only APLP1 has evolved to gain synaptic adhesion property. Overall, our results suggest that the enhanced synaptogenesis property of APLP1 as one of the SAMs may have played a role in mammalian brain evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Onodera
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Toru Asahi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.,Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, #03C309, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Naoya Sawamura
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, #03C309, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan. .,Green Computing Systems Research Organization, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Japan.
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12
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Detection of Envelope Glycoprotein Assembly from Old-World Hantaviruses in the Golgi Apparatus of Living Cells. J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.01238-20. [PMID: 33239451 PMCID: PMC7851546 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01238-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are emerging pathogens that occasionally cause deadly outbreaks in the human population. While the structure of the viral envelope has been characterized with high precision, protein-protein interactions leading to the formation of new virions in infected cells are not fully understood yet. We use quantitative fluorescence microscopy (i.e., Number&Brightness analysis and fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy) to monitor the interactions that lead to oligomeric spike complex formation in the physiological context of living cells. To this aim, we quantified protein-protein interactions for the glycoproteins Gn and Gc from Puumala and Hantaan orthohantaviruses in several cellular models. The oligomerization of each protein was analyzed in relation to subcellular localization, concentration, and the concentration of its interaction partner. Our results indicate that when expressed separately, Gn and Gc form respectively homo-tetrameric and homo-dimeric complexes, in a concentration-dependent manner. Site-directed mutations or deletion mutants showed the specificity of their homotypic interactions. When both glycoproteins were co-expressed, we observed in the Golgi apparatus clear indication of Gn-Gc interactions and the formation of Gn-Gc multimeric protein complexes of different sizes, while using various labeling schemes to minimize the influence of the fluorescent tags. Such large glycoprotein multimers may be identified as multiple Gn viral spikes interconnected via Gc-Gc contacts. This observation provides a possible first evidence for the initial assembly steps of the viral envelope, within this organelle, directly in living cells.IMPORTANCE In this work, we investigate protein-protein interactions that drive the assembly of the hantaviruses envelope. These emerging pathogens have the potential to cause deadly outbreaks in the human population. Therefore, it is important to improve our quantitative understanding of the viral assembly process in infected cells, from a molecular point of view. By applying advanced fluorescence microscopy methods, we monitored the formation of viral spike complexes in different cell types. Our data support a model for hantavirus assembly according to which viral spikes are formed via the clustering of hetero-dimers of the two viral glycoproteins Gn and Gc. Furthermore, the observation of large Gn-Gc hetero-multimers provide a possible first evidence for the initial assembly steps of the viral envelope, directly in the Golgi apparatus of living cells.
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13
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Schneider F, Colin-York H, Fritzsche M. Quantitative Bio-Imaging Tools to Dissect the Interplay of Membrane and Cytoskeletal Actin Dynamics in Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:612542. [PMID: 33505401 PMCID: PMC7829180 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.612542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular function is reliant on the dynamic interplay between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. This critical relationship is of particular importance in immune cells, where both the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane work in concert to organize and potentiate immune signaling events. Despite their importance, there remains a critical gap in understanding how these respective dynamics are coupled, and how this coupling in turn may influence immune cell function from the bottom up. In this review, we highlight recent optical technologies that could provide strategies to investigate the simultaneous dynamics of both the cytoskeleton and membrane as well as their interplay, focusing on current and future applications in immune cells. We provide a guide of the spatio-temporal scale of each technique as well as highlighting novel probes and labels that have the potential to provide insights into membrane and cytoskeletal dynamics. The quantitative biophysical tools presented here provide a new and exciting route to uncover the relationship between plasma membrane and cytoskeletal dynamics that underlies immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Colin-York
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom
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14
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Lanchec E, Désilets A, Béliveau F, Fontaine-Carbonneau C, Laniel A, Leduc R, Lavoie C. Matriptase processing of APLP1 ectodomain alters its homodimerization. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10091. [PMID: 32572095 PMCID: PMC7308337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by secretase processing. APP is also cleaved by numerous other proteases, such as the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase, with consequences on the production of Aβ. Because the APP homolog protein amyloid-like protein 1 (APLP1) shares similarities with APP, we sought to determine if matriptase also plays a role in its processing. Here, we demonstrate that matriptase directly interacts with APLP1 and that APLP1 is cleaved in cellulo by matriptase in its E1 ectodomains at arginine 124. Replacing Arg124 with Ala abolished APLP1 processing by matriptase. Using a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assay we found that matriptase reduces APLP1 homodimeric interactions. This study identifies matriptase as the first protease cleaving APLP1 in its dimerization domain, potentially altering the multiple functions associated with dimer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Lanchec
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - François Béliveau
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Cloé Fontaine-Carbonneau
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Andréanne Laniel
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H5N4, Canada.
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15
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Tzoneva R, Stoyanova T, Petrich A, Popova D, Uzunova V, Momchilova A, Chiantia S. Effect of Erufosine on Membrane Lipid Order in Breast Cancer Cell Models. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E802. [PMID: 32455962 PMCID: PMC7277205 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkylphospholipids are a novel class of antineoplastic drugs showing remarkable therapeutic potential. Among them, erufosine (EPC3) is a promising drug for the treatment of several types of tumors. While EPC3 is supposed to exert its function by interacting with lipid membranes, the exact molecular mechanisms involved are not known yet. In this work, we applied a combination of several fluorescence microscopy and analytical chemistry approaches (i.e., scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, line-scan fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, generalized polarization imaging, as well as thin layer and gas chromatography) to quantify the effect of EPC3 in biophysical models of the plasma membrane, as well as in cancer cell lines. Our results indicate that EPC3 affects lipid-lipid interactions in cellular membranes by decreasing lipid packing and increasing membrane disorder and fluidity. As a consequence of these alterations in the lateral organization of lipid bilayers, the diffusive dynamics of membrane proteins are also significantly increased. Taken together, these findings suggest that the mechanism of action of EPC3 could be linked to its effects on fundamental biophysical properties of lipid membranes, as well as on lipid metabolism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tzoneva
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Tihomira Stoyanova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Annett Petrich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Desislava Popova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Veselina Uzunova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.T.); (T.S.); (D.P.); (V.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
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16
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Petazzi RA, Aji AK, Chiantia S. Fluorescence microscopy methods for the study of protein oligomerization. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 169:1-41. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Influenza A matrix protein M1 induces lipid membrane deformation via protein multimerization. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191024. [PMID: 31324731 PMCID: PMC6682550 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrix protein M1 of the Influenza A virus (IAV) is supposed to mediate viral assembly and budding at the plasma membrane (PM) of infected cells. In order for a new viral particle to form, the PM lipid bilayer has to bend into a vesicle toward the extracellular side. Studies in cellular models have proposed that different viral proteins might be responsible for inducing membrane curvature in this context (including M1), but a clear consensus has not been reached. In the present study, we use a combination of fluorescence microscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (sFCS) to investigate M1-induced membrane deformation in biophysical models of the PM. Our results indicate that M1 is indeed able to cause membrane curvature in lipid bilayers containing negatively charged lipids, in the absence of other viral components. Furthermore, we prove that protein binding is not sufficient to induce membrane restructuring. Rather, it appears that stable M1-M1 interactions and multimer formation are required in order to alter the bilayer three-dimensional structure, through the formation of a protein scaffold. Finally, our results suggest that, in a physiological context, M1-induced membrane deformation might be modulated by the initial bilayer curvature and the lateral organization of membrane components (i.e. the presence of lipid domains).
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18
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August A, Schmidt N, Klingler J, Baumkötter F, Lechner M, Klement J, Eggert S, Vargas C, Wild K, Keller S, Kins S. Copper and zinc ions govern the trans‐directed dimerization of APP family members in multiple ways. J Neurochem 2019; 151:626-641. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander August
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Nadine Schmidt
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Johannes Klingler
- Molecular Biophysics Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Frederik Baumkötter
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Marius Lechner
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Jessica Klement
- Molecular Biophysics Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Simone Eggert
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Carolyn Vargas
- Molecular Biophysics Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Klemens Wild
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH) University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sandro Keller
- Molecular Biophysics Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Division of Human Biology and Human GeneticsTechnische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK) Kaiserslautern Germany
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19
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Cook ZT, Brockway NL, Tobias ZJC, Pajarla J, Boardman IS, Ippolito H, Nkombo Nkoula S, Weissman TA. Combining near-infrared fluorescence with Brainbow to visualize expression of specific genes within a multicolor context. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:491-505. [PMID: 30586321 PMCID: PMC6594444 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-06-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins are a powerful experimental tool, allowing the visualization of gene expression and cellular behaviors in a variety of systems. Multicolor combinations of fluorescent proteins, such as Brainbow, have expanded the range of possible research questions and are useful for distinguishing and tracking cells. The addition of a separately driven color, however, would allow researchers to report expression of a manipulated gene within the multicolor context to investigate mechanistic effects. A far-red or near-infrared protein could be particularly suitable in this context, as these can be distinguished spectrally from Brainbow. We investigated five far-red/near-infrared proteins in zebrafish: TagRFP657, mCardinal, miRFP670, iRFP670, and mIFP. Our results show that both mCardinal and iRFP670 are useful fluorescent proteins for zebrafish expression. We also introduce a new transgenic zebrafish line that expresses Brainbow under the control of the neuroD promoter. We demonstrate that mCardinal can be used to track the expression of a manipulated bone morphogenetic protein receptor within the Brainbow context. The overlay of near-infrared fluorescence onto a Brainbow background defines a clear strategy for future research questions that aim to manipulate or track the effects of specific genes within a population of cells that are delineated using multicolor approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe T. Cook
- Biology Department, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, OR 97219
| | | | | | - Joy Pajarla
- Biology Department, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, OR 97219
| | | | - Helen Ippolito
- Biology Department, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, OR 97219
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20
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Roisman LC, Han S, Chuei MJ, Connor AR, Cappai R. The crystal structure of amyloid precursor-like protein 2 E2 domain completes the amyloid precursor protein family. FASEB J 2019; 33:5076-5081. [PMID: 30608876 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802315r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) molecule is a type I transmembrane protein that is crucial for survival, cell-cell adhesion, neuronal development, myelination, cancer metastasis, modulation of metal, and glucose and insulin homeostasis. Moreover, the importance of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) family in biology and disease is very well known because of its central role in Alzheimer disease. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of the independently folded E2 domain of APLP2 and compared that with its paralogues APP and APLP2, demonstrating high overall structural similarities. The crystal structure of APLP2 E2 was solved as an antiparallel dimer, and analysis of the protein interfaces revealed a distinct mode of dimerization that differs from the previously reported dimerization of either APP or APLP1. Analysis of the APLP2 E2 metal binding sites suggested it binds zinc and copper in a similar manner to APP and APLP1. The structure of this key protein might suggest a relationship between the distinct mode of dimerization and its biologic functions.-Roisman, L. C., Han, S., Chuei, M. J., Connor, A. R., Cappai, R. The crystal structure of amyloid precursor-like protein 2 E2 domain completes the amyloid precursor protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila C Roisman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sen Han
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mun Joo Chuei
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea R Connor
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Schneider F, Waithe D, Lagerholm BC, Shrestha D, Sezgin E, Eggeling C, Fritzsche M. Statistical Analysis of Scanning Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Data Differentiates Free from Hindered Diffusion. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8540-8546. [PMID: 30028588 PMCID: PMC6117752 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cells rely on versatile diffusion dynamics in their plasma membrane. Quantification of this often heterogeneous diffusion is essential to the understanding of cell regulation and function. Yet such measurements remain a major challenge in cell biology, usually due to low sampling throughput, a necessity for dedicated equipment, sophisticated fluorescent label strategies, and limited sensitivity. Here, we introduce a robust, broadly applicable statistical analysis pipeline for large scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy data sets, which uncovers the nanoscale heterogeneity of the plasma membrane in living cells by differentiating free from hindered diffusion modes of fluorescent lipid and protein analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - B. Christoffer Lagerholm
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dilip Shrestha
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
- Institute of Applied
Optics, Friedrich-Schiller-University and
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, and MRC Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
- Kennedy
Institute for Rheumatology, University of
Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
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22
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Dunsing V, Luckner M, Zühlke B, Petazzi RA, Herrmann A, Chiantia S. Optimal fluorescent protein tags for quantifying protein oligomerization in living cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10634. [PMID: 30006597 PMCID: PMC6045628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy has become a popular toolbox for non-disruptive analysis of molecular interactions in living cells. The quantification of protein oligomerization in the native cellular environment is highly relevant for a detailed understanding of complex biological processes. An important parameter in this context is the molecular brightness, which serves as a direct measure of oligomerization and can be easily extracted from temporal or spatial fluorescence fluctuations. However, fluorescent proteins (FPs) typically used in such studies suffer from complex photophysical transitions and limited maturation, inducing non-fluorescent states. Here, we show how these processes strongly affect molecular brightness measurements. We perform a systematic characterization of non-fluorescent states for commonly used FPs and provide a simple guideline for accurate, unbiased oligomerization measurements in living cells. Further, we focus on novel red FPs and demonstrate that mCherry2, an mCherry variant, possesses superior properties with regards to precise quantification of oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Dunsing
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Madlen Luckner
- Institute for Biology, IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Zühlke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Roberto A Petazzi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institute for Biology, IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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23
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Hodges C, Kafle RP, Hoff JD, Meiners JC. Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy with Photobleaching Correction in Slowly Diffusing Systems. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:505-511. [PMID: 29368157 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a powerful tool to quantitatively study the diffusion of fluorescently labeled molecules. It allows in principle important questions of macromolecular transport and supramolecular aggregation in living cells to be addressed. However, the crowded environment inside the cells slows diffusion and limits the reservoir of labeled molecules, causing artifacts that arise especially from photobleaching and limit the utility of FCS in these applications. We present a method to compute the time correlation function from weighted photon arrival times, which compensates computationally during the data analysis for the effect of photobleaching. We demonstrate the performance of this method using numerical simulations and experimental data from model solutions. Using this technique, we obtain correlation functions in which the effect of photobleaching has been removed and in turn recover quantitatively accurate mean-square displacements of the fluorophores, especially when deviations from an ideal Gaussian excitation volume are accounted for by using a reference calibration correlation function. This allows quantitative FCS studies of transport processes in challenging environments with substantial photobleaching like in living cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hodges
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 4809-1055, USA
| | - Rudra P Kafle
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 4809-1055, USA.,Department of Physics, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA, 01609-2280, USA
| | - J Damon Hoff
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 4809-1055, USA
| | - Jens-Christian Meiners
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 4809-1055, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1120, USA.
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