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Guo C, Zhang H, Xie X, Liu Y, Sun L, Li H, Yu P, Hu H, Sun J, Li Y, Feng Q, Zhao X, Liang D, Wang Z, Hu J. H1N1 influenza virus epitopes classified by monoclonal antibodies. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2001-2007. [PMID: 30186431 PMCID: PMC6122413 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitopes serve an important role in influenza infection. It may be useful to screen universal influenza virus vaccines, analyzing the epitopes of multiple subtypes of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein. A total of 40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) previously obtained from flu virus HA antigens (development and characterization of 40 mAbs generated using H1N1 influenza virus split vaccines were previously published) were used to detect and classify mAbs into distinct flu virus sub-categories using the ELISA method. Following this, the common continuous amino acid sequences were identified by multiple sequence alignment analysis with the GenBank database and DNAMAN software, for use in predicting the epitopes of the HA protein. Synthesized peptides of these common sequences were prepared, and used to verify and determine the predicted linear epitopes through localization and distribution analyses. With these methods, nine HA linear epitopes distributed among different strains of influenza virus were identified, which included three from influenza A, four from 2009 H1N1 and seasonal influenza, and two from H1. The present study showed that considering a combination of the antigen-antibody reaction specificity, variation in the influenza virus HA protein and linear epitopes may present a useful approach for designing effective multi-epitope vaccines. Furthermore, the study aimed to clarify the cause and pathogenic mechanism of influenza virus HA-induced flu, and presents a novel idea for identifying the epitopes of other pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Haixiang Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Huijin Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Pengbo Yu
- Center of Shaanxi Provincial Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Viral Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710052, P.R. China
| | - Hanyu Hu
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jingying Sun
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Qing Feng
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrong Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Daoyan Liang
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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HUANG P, LIANG LJ, HOU NM, ZHANG X, SU WZ, YU SY, ZHANG YH, WU J, CHEN WQ. Phylogenetic, molecular and drug-sensitivity analysis of HA and NA genes of human H3N2 influenza A viruses in Guangdong, China, 2007-2011. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 141:1061-9. [PMID: 22827898 PMCID: PMC9151889 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268812001318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Annual H3N2 subtype influenza outbreaks in Guangdong, China are a severe public health issue and require ongoing monitoring of emerging viral variants. The variation and evolution of haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza isolates from Guangdong during 2007-2011 and others from GenBank were analysed using Lasergene 7.1 and MEGA 5.05, and serological analysis of antigens was determined by haemagglutination inhibition (HI). Susceptibility to antiviral drugs was correlated with genetic mutations. Phylogenetic analysis and alignment of HA and NA genes were performed on 18 Guangdong isolates and 26 global reference strains. The non-synonymous (dN) evolutionary rate of HA1 was 3.13 times that of HA2. Compared with the A/Perth/16/2009 vaccine HA gene, homologies of Guangdong isolates were between 98.8-99.7% and 98.0-98·4% in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Amino-acid substitutions were found in five epitopes of HA1 from Guangdong isolates between 2007 and 2011, especially in epitopes B (N160K) and D (K174R/N). The K189E/N/Q and T228A mutations in the receptor-binding site (RBS) occurred in the 2010 strains, which affected the antigenicity of HA1. The antigenicity of the epidemic H3N2 isolates in 2010 was somewhat different from that of A/Perth/16/2009. The Guangdong H3N2 isolates were determined to be oseltamivir-resistant with IC50 of 0.396 ± 0.085 nmol/l (n=17) and zanamivir-resistant with IC50 of 0.477 ± 0.149 nmol/l (n=18). Variations were present in epitopes B and D, two sites in the RBS and two glycosylation sites in the Guangdong H3N2 HA1 gene. The majority of the Guangdong H3N2 isolates were sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Compared to the World Health Organization 2012 vaccine strains, Guangdong H3N2 strains varied genetically and antigenically to some degree.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Viral
- Antigens, Viral
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Evolution
- China/epidemiology
- Disease Outbreaks
- Drug Resistance, Viral
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/physiology
- Genetic Variation
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/metabolism
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza, Human/epidemiology
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/metabolism
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Viral
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Affiliation(s)
- P. HUANG
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L.-J. LIANG
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - N.-M. HOU
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - X. ZHANG
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - W.-Z. SU
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - S.-Y. YU
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y.-H. ZHANG
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - J. WU
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - W. Q. CHEN
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang P, Yu S, Wu C, Liang L. Highly conserved antigenic epitope regions of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes between 2009 H1N1 and seasonal H1N1 influenza: vaccine considerations. J Transl Med 2013; 11:47. [PMID: 23433453 PMCID: PMC3606485 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An immunoinformatics study was conducted to determine the highly conserved antigenic epitope regions of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes in the humoral immunity and CD4+ and CD8+ T cellular immunity between 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and seasonal H1N1 (sH1N1) viruses. It was found that in sH1N1 viruses, 29 epitope regions of HA genes and 8 epitope regions of NA genes which had been experimentally identified, were highly conserved (97.1-100.0%) in the corresponding genes and predictive epitopes of the pH1N1 viruses. The results suggested that highly conserved antigenic epitope regions might act as the basis of common antigenic vaccines against pH1N1 and sH1N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China.
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Clementi N, Criscuolo E, Castelli M, Mancini N, Clementi M, Burioni R. Influenza B-cells protective epitope characterization: a passkey for the rational design of new broad-range anti-influenza vaccines. Viruses 2012; 4:3090-108. [PMID: 23202517 PMCID: PMC3509685 DOI: 10.3390/v4113090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new influenza strains causing pandemics represents a serious threat to human health. From 1918, four influenza pandemics occurred, caused by H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2 subtypes. Moreover, in 1997 a novel influenza avian strain belonging to the H5N1 subtype infected humans. Nowadays, even if its transmission is still circumscribed to avian species, the capability of the virus to infect humans directly from avian reservoirs can result in fatalities. Moreover, the risk that this or novel avian strains could adapt to inter-human transmission, the development of resistance to anti-viral drugs and the lack of an effective prevention are all incumbent problems for the world population. In this scenario, the identification of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against conserved regions shared among influenza isolates has raised hopes for the development of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy and "universal" anti-influenza vaccines.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/chemistry
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cross Reactions/immunology
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Influenza A virus/classification
- Influenza A virus/genetics
- Influenza A virus/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Clementi
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
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5
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Zhong J, Huang P, Wen M, Liang L, Zhang X, Tan S, Zhu X. Antigenic epitope peptides of influenza H3N2 virus neuraminidase gene based on experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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