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Szychowski KA, Skóra B. Elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) as a potential pro-malignancy factor in human leukemia cell lines. Immunol Res 2024:10.1007/s12026-024-09511-7. [PMID: 38967692 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is currently considered to be an important factor influencing the migration and progression of cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the mechanism of action of elastin-derived peptides in cancerous cells derived from the immunological system, i.e., HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines. Moreover, an attempt to clarify the involvement of c-SRC kinase in EDP mechanism of action was also undertaken. Our data show that the VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides are not toxic in the studied cell lines. Moreover, due to the involvement of KI67 and PCNA proteins in the cell cycle and proliferation, we can assume that neither peptide stimulates cell proliferation. Our data suggest that both peptides could initiate the differentiation process in all the studied cell lines. However, due to the different origins (HL-60 and K562-leukemic cell line vs. MEG-A2-megakaryoblastic origin) of the cell lines, the mechanism may differ. The increase in the ELANE mRNA expression noted in our experiments may also suggest enhancement of the migration of the tested cells. However, more research is needed to fully explain the mechanism of action of the VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides in the HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines. HIGHLIGHTS: • VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides do not affect the metabolic activity of HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cells. • mTOR and PPARγ proteins are involved in the mechanism of action of VGVAPG and VVGPGA peptides. • Both peptides may initiate differentiation in HL-60, K562, and MEG-A2 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
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2
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Hiu JJ, Yap MKK. The myth of cobra venom cytotoxin: More than just direct cytolytic actions. Toxicon X 2022; 14:100123. [PMID: 35434602 PMCID: PMC9011113 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobra venom cytotoxin (CTX) is a non-enzymatic three-finger toxin that constitutes 40-60% of cobra venom. Thus, it plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cobra envenomation, especially in local dermonecrosis. The three-finger hydrophobic loops of CTX determine the cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, the actual mechanisms of cytotoxicity are not fully elucidated as they involve not only cytolytic actions but also intracellular signalling-mediated cell death pathways. Furthermore, the possible transition cell death pattern remains to be explored. The actual molecular mechanisms require further studies to unveil the relationship between different CTXs from different cobra species and cell types which may result in differential cell death patterns. Here, we discuss the biophysical interaction of CTX with the cell membrane involving four binding modes: electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic partitioning, isotropic phase, and oligomerisation. Oligomerisation of CTX causes pore formation in the membrane lipid bilayer. Additionally, the CTX-induced apoptotic pathway can be executed via death receptor-mediated extrinsic pathways and mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathways. We also discuss lysosomal-mediated necrosis and the occurrence of necroptosis following CTX action. Collectively, we provided an insight into concentration-dependent transition of cell death pattern which involves different mechanistic actions. This contributes a new direction for further investigation of cytotoxic pathways activated by the CTXs for future development of biotherapeutics targeting pathological effects caused by CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jin Hiu
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Michelle Khai Khun Yap
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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3
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Elastin-Derived Peptides in the Central Nervous System: Friend or Foe. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2473-2487. [PMID: 34374904 PMCID: PMC9560920 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Elastin is one of the main structural matrix proteins of the arteries, lung, cartilage, elastic ligaments, brain vessels, and skin. These elastin fibers display incredible resilience and structural stability with long half-life. However, during some physiological and pathophysiological conditions, elastin is prone to proteolytic degradation and, due to the extremely low turnover rate, its degradation is practically an irreversible and irreparable phenomenon. As a result of elastin degradation, new peptides called elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) are formed. A growing body of evidence suggests that these peptides play an important role in the development of age-related vascular disease. They are also detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy people, and their amount increases in patients after ischemic stroke. Recently, elastin-like polypeptides have been reported to induce overproduction of beta-amyloid in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of action of EDPs in the nervous system is largely unknown and limited to only a few studies. The article summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role of EDPs in the nervous system.
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4
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Yang J, Zhang X, Liu L, Yang X, Qian Q, Du B. c-Src promotes the growth and tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma via the Hippo signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 264:118711. [PMID: 33186566 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association between c-Src and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlying mechanisms. The relationship between c-Src expression and the occurrence and development of HCC was explored using GEPIA and further confirmed by western blotting analysis and real-time quantitative PCR. CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell, and wound-healing assays were conducted to analyze the effects of c-Src on the growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, and infiltration of HCC cells. Mouse models of transplanted xenogeneic human tumors were constructed to explore the effects of c-Src on HCC tumor growth. Compared with that in adjacent normal liver tissues, the expression level of c-Src in HCC tissues was significantly increased and was negatively correlated with patient survival. These findings are consistent with those in the GEPIA database. Downregulation of c-Src expression can inhibit the growth, infiltration, and migration of HCC cells. c-Src impeded the translocation of YAP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and promoted Yes-associated protein transcriptional activity. In vivo experiments showed that c-Src inhibition suppressed tumor growth in mice. We found that c-Src can promote the growth and tumorigenesis of HCC cells by activating the Hippo signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/drug effects
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Hippo Signaling Pathway
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/enzymology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China.
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Qingfu Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China
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5
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Kase AM, Copland III JA, Tan W. Novel Therapeutic Strategies for CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10499-10513. [PMID: 33116629 PMCID: PMC7576355 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer will have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Investigative efforts on new therapeutics for this patient population have improved with the development of androgen signaling inhibitors, such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, and PARP inhibitors, such as rucaparib and olaparib, to accompany the previously FDA-approved docetaxel, cabazitaxel, sipuleucel-T, and Radium 223. However, new therapeutic strategies are necessary to prolong survival as progression after these agents is inevitable. CDK4/6 inhibitors have advanced the field of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer treatment and are being investigated in prostate cancer given the role of androgen receptor signaling effects on the cell cycle. Response to CDK4/6 inhibitors may be predicted by the tumors' genomic profile and may provide insight into combinatory therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitors in order to delay resistance or provide synergistic effects. Here, we review the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in prostate cancer and potential combinations based on known resistance mechanisms to CDK4/6 inhibitors, prostate cancer regulatory pathways, and prostate-cancer-specific genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Kase
- Mayo Clinic Florida Division of Hematology Oncology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
| | - John A Copland III
- Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Cancer Biology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
| | - Winston Tan
- Mayo Clinic Florida Division of Hematology Oncology, Jacksonville, FL32224, USA
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6
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Elastin-Derived Peptide VGVAPG Affects Production and Secretion of Testosterone in Mouse Astrocyte In Vitro. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:385-394. [PMID: 31776971 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes play many distinct roles in the nervous system providing structural support for neurons and maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity. Steroid hormones exhibit a broad spectrum of actions in the central and peripheral nervous system, acting as trophic factors affecting cell differentiation and synaptic plasticity. In steroidogenesis, astrocytes play a key role by producing cholesterol, progesterone (P4), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2). Currently there are only few studies which show that the Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly (VGVAPG) peptide may affect the metabolism of astrocytes. Therefore, due to the role of neurosteroids, it is necessary to determine whether VGVAPG affects the level of E2, P4, and T in astrocytes. Primary mouse astrocytes were maintained in DMEM/F12 without phenol red, and supplemented with 10% charcoal/dextran-treated fetal bovine serum. Cells were exposed to 10 nM and 1 µM VGVAPG peptide and co-treated with cSrc kinase inhibitor I. After cell stimulation, we measured the Ki67 protein level and the production and secretion of P4, T, and E2. Our report presents the novel finding that the VGVAPG peptide affects the production and secretion of neurosteroids in astrocytes in vitro. The VGVAPG peptide increases the production of P4; however, at the same time, it decreases the secretion of P4 by astrocytes. On the other hand, it stimulates the production and secretion of T. Interestingly, the production of E2 did not change in any studied time interval. The expression of Ki67 protein increased after 48 h of exposition to the VGVAPG peptide. The cSrc kinase inhibitor I prevented most of the effects of VGVAPG peptide. Therefore, we postulate that T and cSrc kinase may be responsible for increasing astrocyte proliferation.
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7
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Liang Z, Pan Q, Zhang Z, Huang C, Yan Z, Zhang Y, Li J. MicroRNA‑125a‑5p controls the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and PTEN/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in MCF‑7 breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4507-4514. [PMID: 31702027 PMCID: PMC6797945 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-125a-5p has shown the potential for suppressing tumorigenesis and development; however, the effects of miR-125a-5p on breast cancer cells remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and underlying mechanisms of miR-125a-5p in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were transfected with miR-125a-5p mimic or miR-125a-5p small interfering RNA to produce miR-125a-5p overexpressing/knockdown cells. Cell proliferation was assessed by an MTT assay, and cell migration ability was determined by an in vitro scratch assay. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were performed to assess the effects of miR-125a-5p on MCF-7 apoptosis. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used for measuring phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphorylated (p)-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2)/MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3, and miR-125a-5p expression. miR-125a-5p overexpression inhibited the proliferation and migration, but promoted the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. These effects were associated with increases in PTEN and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and decreases in p-MEK1/2/MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, and Bcl-2. Silencing of miR-125a-5p exhibited opposing effects on MCF-7 cells. These observations suggested that miR-125a-5p participates in the regulation of multiple functions of MCF-7 cells by promoting the expression of PTEN tumor suppressor genes, activating MEK1/2/ERK1/2 signaling, and regulating caspase-3/Bcl-2 signaling. Thus, it may be a suitable target for breast cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzeng Liang
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qunwen Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‑Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Chaosheng Huang
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Zeming Yan
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Zhang
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department of Vascular Thyroid Breast Surgery, Institute of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
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8
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Lee CH, Yang JR, Chen CY, Tsai MH, Hung PF, Chen SJ, Chiang SL, Chang H, Lin P. Novel STAT3 Inhibitor LDOC1 Targets Phospho-JAK2 for Degradation by Interacting with LNX1 and Regulates the Aggressiveness of Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010063. [PMID: 30634502 PMCID: PMC6356782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Meta-analysis revealed that Leucine Zipper Down-Regulated In Cancer 1 (LDOC1) increased methylation more in people with lung tumors than in those who were healthy and never smoked. Quantitative methylation-specific PCR revealed that cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) exposure drives LDOC1 promoter hypermethylation and silence in human bronchial cells. Immunohistochemistry studies showed that LDOC1 downregulation is associated with poor survival of patients with lung cancer. Loss and gain of LDOC1 functions enhanced and attenuated aggressive phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma A549 and non⁻small cell lung carcinoma H1299 cell lines, respectively. We found that LDOC1 deficiency led to reinforcing a reciprocal loop of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3, through which LDOC1 mediates the cancer progression. LDOC1 knockdown considerably augmented tumorigenesis and the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in vivo. Results from immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent confocal microscopy indicated that LDOC1 negatively regulates JAK2 activity by forming multiple protein complexes with pJAK2 and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LNX1, and in turn, LDOC1 targets pJAK2 to cause ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. LDOC1 deficiency attenuates the interactions between LNX1 and pJAK2, leading to ineffective ubiquitination of pJAK2, which activates STAT3. Overall, our results elucidated a crucial role of LDOC1 in lung cancer and revealed how LDOC1 acts as a bridge between tobacco exposure and the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 loop in this human malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huei Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Ji-Rui Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Feng Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Jih Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Han Chang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
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9
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Yao M, Fang W, Smart C, Hu Q, Huang S, Alvarez N, Fields P, Cheng N. CCR2 Chemokine Receptors Enhance Growth and Cell-Cycle Progression of Breast Cancer Cells through SRC and PKC Activation. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:604-617. [PMID: 30446625 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancers are an aggressive breast cancer subtype, which often lack estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her2 expression, and are resistant to antihormonal and targeted therapy, resulting in few treatment options. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that regulate progression of basal-like breast cancers would lead to new therapeutic targets and improved treatment strategies. Breast cancer progression is characterized by inflammatory responses, regulated in part by chemokines. The CCL2/CCR2 chemokine pathway is best known for regulating breast cancer progression through macrophage-dependent mechanisms. Here, we demonstrated important biological roles for CCL2/CCR2 signaling in breast cancer cells. Using the MCF10CA1d xenograft model of basal-like breast cancer, primary tumor growth was significantly increased with cotransplantation of patient-derived fibroblasts expressing high levels of CCL2, and was inhibited with CRISP/R gene ablation of stromal CCL2. CRISP/R gene ablation of CCR2 in MCF10CA1d breast cancer cells inhibited breast tumor growth and M2 macrophage recruitment and validated through CCR2 shRNA knockdown in the 4T1 model. Reverse phase protein array analysis revealed that cell-cycle protein expression was associated with CCR2 expression in basal-like breast cancer cells. CCL2 treatment of basal-like breast cancer cell lines increased proliferation and cell-cycle progression associated with SRC and PKC activation. Through pharmacologic approaches, we demonstrated that SRC and PKC negatively regulated expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor protein p27KIP1, and are necessary for CCL2-induced breast cancer cell proliferation. IMPLICATIONS: This report sheds novel light on CCL2/CCR2 chemokine signaling as a mitogenic pathway and cell-cycle regulator in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Curtis Smart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Qingting Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shixia Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nehemiah Alvarez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Patrick Fields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nikki Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas. .,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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10
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Gu Z, Fang X, Li C, Chen C, Liang G, Zheng X, Fan Q. Increased PTPRA expression leads to poor prognosis through c-Src activation and G1 phase progression in squamous cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:489-497. [PMID: 28656243 PMCID: PMC5505127 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PTPRA is reported to be involved in cancer development and progression through activating the Src family kinase (SFK) signaling pathways, however, the roles of PTPRA in the squamous cell lung cancer (SCC) development are unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical relevance and biological roles of PTPRA in SCC. We found that PTPRA was upregulated in squamous cell lung cancer compared to matched normal tissues at the mRNA (N=20, P=0.004) and protein expression levels (N=75, P<0.001). Notably, high mRNA level of PTPRA was significantly correlated with poorer prognosis in 675 SCC patients from the Kaplan-Meier plotter database. With 75 cases, we found that PTPRA protein expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (P=0.008), depth of tumor invasion (P<0.001) and clinical stage (P<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier plot suggested that high expression of PTPRA had poorer overall survival in SCC patients (P=0.009). Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that PTPRA expression was an independent prognostic factor in SCC patients. In the cellular models, PTPRA promotes SCC cell proliferation through modulating Src activation as well as cell cycle progression. In conclusion, higher PTPRA level was associated with worse prognosis of SCC patients and PTPRA could promote the cell cycle progression through stimulating the c-Src signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Gu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xuqian Fang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, P.R. China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Changqiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, P.R. China
| | - Guangshu Liang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xinming Zheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Qishi Fan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, P.R. China
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11
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Dasatinib inhibits c-src phosphorylation and prevents the proliferation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cells which overexpress Syndecan-Binding Protein (SDCBP). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171169. [PMID: 28141839 PMCID: PMC5283743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) progresses rapidly but lacks effective targeted therapies. Our previous study showed that downregulating syndecan-binding protein (SDCBP) in TNBC inhibits the proliferation of TNBC cells. Dasatinib is a new small-molecule inhibitor of c-src phosphorylation. The aim of this study was to investigate if SDCBP is a potential marker to indicate whether a TNBC is suitable for dasatinib therapy. This study applied co-immunoprecipitation to identify the interaction between SDCBP and c-src in TNBC cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to investigate SDCBP and tyrosine-419 phosphorylated c-src (p-c-src-Y419) expression in TNBC tissues. SDCBP-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells were then constructed to evaluate the effects of dasatinib on SDCBP-induced TNBC progression in vitro and tumor formation in nude mice. We found wild-type SDCBP interacted with c-src and promoted the phosphorylation of c-src; this phosphorylation was completely blocked by dasatinib. SDCBP lacking the PDZ domain had no such effect. Among the 52 consecutive random TNBC cases examined, the expression of SDCBP was consistent with that of p-c-src-Y419, and positively correlated with histological grading or Ki-67 levels. SDCBP overexpression significantly accelerated the proliferation and cell cycle progression of the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231; these effects were prevented by dasatinib treatment. However, the subsequent inhibition of p27 expression partially restored the proliferation and viability of the TNBC cells. The results of this study suggest that SDCBP interacts with c-src, regulates G1/S in TNBC cells, and enhances tumor cell proliferation by promoting the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-src at residue 419. Dasatinib inhibits such phosphorylation and blocks SDCBP-induced cell cycle progression. Therefore, SDCBP might be an important marker for identifying TNBC cases that are suitable for dasatinib therapy.
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12
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Kwon OS, An S, Kim E, Yu J, Hong KY, Lee JS, Jang SK. An mRNA-specific tRNAi carrier eIF2A plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation under stress conditions: stress-resistant translation of c-Src mRNA is mediated by eIF2A. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:296-310. [PMID: 27899592 PMCID: PMC5224483 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Src, a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase, activates NF-κB and STAT3, which in turn triggers the transcription of anti-apoptosis- and cell cycle-related genes. c-Src protein regulates cell proliferation, cell motility and programmed cell death. And the elevated level of activated c-Src protein is related with solid tumor generation. Translation of c-Src mRNA is directed by an IRES element which mediates persistent translation under stress conditions when translation of most mRNAs is inhibited by a phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 carrying the initiator tRNA (tRNAi) to 40S ribosomal subunit under normal conditions. The molecular basis of the stress-resistant translation of c-Src mRNA remained to be elucidated. Here, we report that eIF2A, an alternative tRNAi carrier, is responsible for the stress-resistant translation of c-Src mRNA. eIF2A facilitates tRNAi loading onto the 40S ribosomal subunit in a c-Src mRNA-dependent manner. And a direct interaction between eIF2A and a stem-loop structure (SL I) in the c-Src IRES is required for the c-Src IRES-dependent translation under stress conditions but not under normal conditions. Finally, we showed that the eIF2A-dependent translation of c-Src mRNA plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Sung Kwon
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sihyeon An
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Eunah Kim
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Jinbae Yu
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Ka Young Hong
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Jae Seung Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sung Key Jang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, POSTECH Biotech Center, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea .,Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
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13
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A combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, crizotinib and dasatinib for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37948-64. [PMID: 26517812 PMCID: PMC4741976 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Despite the advances in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, patient survival averages only 14.6 months. In most GBM tumors, tyrosine kinases show increased activity and/or expression and actively contribute to the development, recurrence and onset of treatment resistance; making their inhibition an appealing therapeutic strategy. We compared the cytotoxicity of 12 tyrosine kinase inhibitors in vitro. A combination of crizotinib and dasatinib emerged as the most cytotoxic across established and primary human GBM cell lines. The combination treatment induced apoptotic cell death and polyploidy. Furthermore, the combination treatment led to the altered expression and localization of several tyrosine kinase receptors such as Met and EGFR and downstream effectors as such as SRC. Furthermore, the combination treatment reduced the migration and invasion of GBM cells and prevented endothelial cell tube formation in vitro. Overall, our study demonstrated the broad specificity of a combination of crizotinib and dasatinib across multiple GBM cell lines. These findings provide insight into the development of alternative therapy for the treatment of GBM.
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14
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Cheng H, Wang S, Feng R. STIM1 plays an important role in TGF-β-induced suppression of breast cancer cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16866-78. [PMID: 26919241 PMCID: PMC4941356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) signaling is involved in cancer progression. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) triggers store-operated calcium channels to induce SOCE. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) influences a wide range of cellular behaviors, including cell proliferation. However, little is known about the relationship between calcium signaling and TGF-β signaling in cancer cell proliferation. Here, we found that TGF-β induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and suppressed cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These effects were impaired by extracellular Ca2+ chelator EGTA or SOCE specific inhibitor SKF96365 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Treating MDA-MB-231 cells with TGF-β for 24 and 48 h markedly decreased STIM1 expression and thapsigargin-induced SOCE. A transcriptional inhibitor of STIM1, Wilm's tumor suppressor 1 (WT1), was upregulated in TGF-β-treated MDA-MB-231 cells, and knockdown of WT1 expression partially restored the TGF-β-induced downregulation of STIM1. Stably overexpressing STIM1 in MDA-MB-231 cells restored the TGF-β-induced effects. The p21 mRNA level increased in SKF96365- or TGF-β-treated MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas that for cyclin E1 decreased. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that STIM1 and SOCE are involved in the TGF-β-induced suppression of cell proliferation. Furthermore, our studies also provide a new approach to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation with small molecules targeting STIM1 and SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Renqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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15
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Lai X, Chen Q, Zhu C, Deng R, Zhao X, Chen C, Wang Y, Yu J, Huang J. Regulation of RPTPα-c-Src signalling pathway by miR-218. FEBS J 2015; 282:2722-34. [PMID: 25940608 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha (RPTPα), an activator of Src family kinases, is found significantly overexpressed in human cancer tissues. However, little is known about the regulation of RPTPα expression. miRNAs target multiple genes and play important roles in many cancer processes. Here, we identified a miRNA, miR-218 that binds directly to the 3'-UTR of RPTPα. Ectopic overexpression of miR-218 decreased RPTPα protein leading to decreased dephosphorylation of c-Src and decreased tumour growth in vitro and in vivo. A feedback loop between c-Src and miR-218 was revealed where c-Src inhibits transcription of SLIT2, which intronically hosts miR-218. These results show a novel regulatory pathway for RPTPα-c-Src signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
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16
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Breast cancer cell line MCF7 escapes from G1/S arrest induced by proteasome inhibition through a GSK-3β dependent mechanism. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10027. [PMID: 25941117 PMCID: PMC4419540 DOI: 10.1038/srep10027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the ubiquitin proteasome pathway has emerged as a rational approach in the treatment of human cancers. Autophagy has been described as a cytoprotective mechanism to increase tumor cell survival under stress conditions. Here, we have focused on the role of proteasome inhibition in cell cycle progression and the role of autophagy in the proliferation recovery. The study was performed in the breast cancer cell line MCF7 compared to the normal mammary cell line MCF10A. We found that the proteasome inhibitor MG132 induced G1/S arrest in MCF10A, but G2/M arrest in MCF7 cells. The effect of MG132 on MCF7 was reproduced on MCF10A cells in the presence of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor VII. Similarly, MCF7 cells overexpressing constitutively active GSK-3β behaved like MCF10A cells. On the other hand, MCF10A cells remained arrested after MG132 removal while MCF7 recovered the proliferative capacity. Importantly, this recovery was abolished in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Thus, our results support the relevance of GSK-3β and autophagy as two targets for controlling cell cycle progression and proliferative capacity in MCF7, highlighting the co-treatment of breast cancer cells with 3-MA to synergize the effect of the proteasome inhibition.
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17
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Lin YJ, Chen CY, Jeang KT, Liu X, Wang JH, Hung CH, Tsang H, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Lin CW, Ho MW, Chien WK, Chen JH, Ho TJ, Tsai FJ. Ring finger protein 39 genetic variants associate with HIV-1 plasma viral loads and its replication in cell culture. Cell Biosci 2014; 4:40. [PMID: 25126410 PMCID: PMC4131809 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) exploits host proteins to complete its life cycle. Genome-wide siRNA approaches suggested that host proteins affect HIV-1 replication. However, the results barely overlapped. RING finger protein 39 (RNF39) has been identified from genome-wide association studies. However, its function during HIV-1 replication remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the relationship between common RNF39 genetic variants and HIV-1 viral loads. The effect of RNF39 protein knockdown or overexpression on HIV-1 replication was then investigated in different cell lines. Two genetic variants were associated with HIV-1 viral loads. Patients with the ht1-GG/GG haplotype presented lower RNF39 expression levels and lower HIV-1 viral load. RNF39 knockdown inhibited HIV-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS RNF39 protein may be involved in HIV-1 replication as observed in genetic studies on patients with HIV-1 and in in vitro cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Viral Biochemistry Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kuan-Teh Jeang
- Molecular Virology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiang Liu
- Molecular Virology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jen-Hsien Wang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang-Gung University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyi Tsang
- The Laboratory of Molecular Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Wang Ho
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuei Chien
- Biostatistics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Biostatistics Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Hua Chen
- Biostatistics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Biostatistics Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan.,Division of Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital -China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Wu W, Wang Y, Xu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang H. Dysregulated activation of c-Src in gestational trophoblastic disease contributes to its aggressive progression. Placenta 2014; 35:824-30. [PMID: 25108485 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a heterogeneous group of pregnancy-related disorders. Hydatidiform mole (HM) is the most common type of GTD, whereas gestational choriocarcinoma is the most aggressive. Non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src contributes to the transformation to a malignant phenotype in various cancers. However, the role of c-Src in the pathogenesis of GTD remains largely unknown. METHODS The expression level of phosphorylated c-Src was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting assay. JAR and JEG-3 cells were treated with hCG, specific c-Src inhibitor saracatinib and PP2, and PKA specific inhibitor, PKI. Cell growth rate and cell migration/invasion ability was determined by cell proliferation and transwell assays respectively. RESULTS c-Src was highly activated in HM tissues and choriocarcinoma cells (JAR and JEG-3). c-Src was activated by hCG in a time and concentration-dependent manner, which was abrogated by specific c-Src and PKA inhibitors. Inhibition of c-Src activity in JAR and JEG-3 cells by saracatinib leaded to a decrease in the rate of cell growth and cell migration/invasion ability. Furthermore, inhibition of c-Src phosphorylation induced cell cycle arrest and reduced expressions of cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cyclin E1, FOXD3 and NANOG. Moreover, inhibition of c-Src activity resulted in decreased p-FAK(Tyr397) phosphorylation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our findings indicate an important role of c-Src in the pathogenesis of GTD, and we propose that c-Src inhibitors are potential adjuvant chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of GTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Wang
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Xu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Liu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - H Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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19
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Bian Z, Liao H, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Zhou H, Yang Z, Fu J, Wang T, Yan L, Shen D, Li H, Tang Q. Never in mitosis gene A related kinase-6 attenuates pressure overload-induced activation of the protein kinase B pathway and cardiac hypertrophy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96095. [PMID: 24763737 PMCID: PMC3999101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy appears to be a specialized form of cellular growth that involves the proliferation control and cell cycle regulation. NIMA (never in mitosis, gene A)-related kinase-6 (Nek6) is a cell cycle regulatory gene that could induce centriole duplication, and control cell proliferation and survival. However, the exact effect of Nek6 on cardiac hypertrophy has not yet been reported. In the present study, the loss- and gain-of-function experiments were performed in Nek6 gene-deficient (Nek6−/−) mice and Nek6 overexpressing H9c2 cells to clarify whether Nek6 which promotes the cell cycle also mediates cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by transthoracic aorta constriction (TAC) and then evaluated by echocardiography, pathological and molecular analyses in vivo. We got novel findings that the absence of Nek6 promoted cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction, which were accompanied by a significant activation of the protein kinase B (Akt) signaling in an experimental model of TAC. Consistent with this, the overexpression of Nek6 prevented hypertrophy in H9c2 cells induced by angiotonin II and inhibited Akt signaling in vitro. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the cell cycle regulatory gene Nek6 is also a critical signaling molecule that helps prevent cardiac hypertrophy and inhibits the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Haihan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Difei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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20
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Schernthaner M, Leitinger G, Wolinski H, Kohlwein SD, Reisinger B, Barb RA, Graier WF, Heitz J, Groschner K. Enhanced Ca 2+Entry and Tyrosine Phosphorylation Mediate Nanostructure-Induced Endothelial Proliferation. JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS 2013; 2013:251063. [PMID: 24729782 PMCID: PMC3982206 DOI: 10.1155/2013/251063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured substrates have been recognized to initiate transcriptional programs promoting cell proliferation. Specifically β-catenin has been identified as transcriptional regulator, activated by adhesion to nanostructures. We set out to identify processes responsible for nanostructure-induced endothelial β-catenin signaling. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of cell contacts to differently sized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface structures (ripples with 250 to 300 nm and walls with 1.5 μm periodicity) revealed different patterns of cell-substrate interactions. Cell adhesion to ripples occurred exclusively on ripple peaks, while cells were attached to walls continuously. The Src kinase inhibitor PP2 was active only in cells grown on ripples, while the Abl inhibitors dasatinib and imatinib suppressed β-catenin translocation on both structures. Moreover, Gd3+ sensitive Ca2+ entry was observed in response to mechanical stimulation or Ca2+ store depletion exclusively in cells grown on ripples. Both PP2 and Gd3+ suppressed β-catenin nuclear translocation along with proliferation in cells grown on ripples but not on walls. Our results suggest that adhesion of endothelial cells to ripple structured PET induces highly specific, interface topology-dependent changes in cellular signalling, characterized by promotion of Gd3+ -sensitive Ca2+ entry and Src/Abl activation. We propose that these signaling events are crucially involved in nanostructure-induced promotion of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Center for Medical Research, Medical University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sepp D. Kohlwein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bettina Reisinger
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ruxandra-A. Barb
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Heitz
- Institute of Applied Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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