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Popov A, Hrudka J, Szabó A, Oliverius M, Šubrt Z, Vránová J, Ciprová V, Moravcová J, Mandys V. Expression of Selected miRNAs in Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-like Giant Cells (UCOGC) of the Pancreas: Comparison with Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:962. [PMID: 38790924 PMCID: PMC11117927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas represents a rare subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite a distinct morphology and specific clinical behavior, UCOGCs exhibit unexpected similarities in regard to DNA mutational profiles with conventional PDAC. Treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is particularly challenging, with limited prospects for cure. As with many other malignant neoplasms, the exploration of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in regulating the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer is undergoing extensive investigation to enhance tumor diagnostics and unveil the therapeutic possibilities. Herein, we evaluated the expression of miR-21, -96, -148a, -155, -196a, -210, and -217 in UCOGCs and poorly differentiated (grade 3, G3) PDACs. The expression of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-210 in both UCOGCs and G3 PDACs was significantly upregulated compared to the levels in normal tissue, while the levels of miR-148a and miR-217 were downregulated. We did not find any significant differences between cancerous and normal tissues for the expression of miR-96 and miR-196a in G3 PDACs, whereas miR-196a was slightly, but significantly, downregulated in UCOGCs. On the other hand, we have not observed significant differences in the expression of the majority of miRNAs between UCOGC and G3 PDAC, with the exception of miR-155. UCOGC samples demonstrated lower mean levels of miR-155 in comparison with those in G3 PDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Jan Hrudka
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Arpád Szabó
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Martin Oliverius
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Zdeněk Šubrt
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Jana Vránová
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Medical Informatics, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vanda Ciprová
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Moravcová
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
- Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Mandys
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
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Anuradha U, Mehra NK, Khatri DK. Understanding molecular mechanisms and miRNA-based targets in diabetes foot ulcers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:82. [PMID: 38183502 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In today's culture, obesity and overweight are serious issues that have an impact on how quickly diabetes develops and how it causes complications. For the development of more effective therapies, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the chronic problems of diabetes. The most prominent effects of diabetes are microvascular abnormalities such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, especially diabetes foot ulcers, as well as macrovascular abnormalities such as heart disease and atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are highly conserved endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules, have been implicated in several physiological functions recently, including the earliest stages of the disease. By binding to particular messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which cause mRNA degradation, translation inhibition, or even gene activation, it primarily regulates posttranscriptional gene expression. These molecules exhibit considerable potential as diagnostic biomarkers for disease and are interesting treatment targets. This review will provide an overview of the latest findings on the key functions that miRNAs role in diabetes and its complications, with an emphasis on the various stages of diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urati Anuradha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana , 500037, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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3
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Xu Y, Wan W, Zeng H, Xiang Z, Li M, Yao Y, Li Y, Bortolanza M, Wu J. Exosomes and their derivatives as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery agents for cardiovascular diseases: Situations and challenges. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:341-354. [PMID: 38130647 PMCID: PMC10732499 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles known as exosomes have a diameter of 40 to 160 nm and are derived from small endosomal membranes. Exosomes have attracted increasing attention over the past ten years in part because they are functional vehicles that can deliver a variety of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to the target cells they encounter. Because of this function, exosomes may be used for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of many diseases. All throughout the world, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant cause of death. Because exosomes are mediators of communication between cells, which contribute to many physiological and pathological aspects, they may aid in improving CVD therapies as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting CVDs. Many studies demonstrated that exosomes are associated with CVDs, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation. Exosomes participate in the progression or inhibition of these diseases mainly through the contents they deliver. However, the application of exosomes in diferent CVDs is not very mature. So further research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weimin Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huixuan Zeng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
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Marwarha G, Slagsvold KH, Høydal MA. NF-κB Transcriptional Activity Indispensably Mediates Hypoxia–Reoxygenation Stress-Induced microRNA-210 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076618. [PMID: 37047592 PMCID: PMC10095479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia–reperfusion (I-R) injury is a cardinal pathophysiological hallmark of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Despite significant advances in the understanding of what causes I-R injury and hypoxia–reoxygenation (H-R) stress, viable molecular strategies that could be targeted for the treatment of the deleterious biochemical pathways activated during I-R remain elusive. The master hypoxamiR, microRNA-210 (miR-210), is a major determinant of protective cellular adaptation to hypoxia stress but exacerbates apoptotic cell death during cellular reoxygenation. While the hypoxia-induced transcriptional up-regulation of miR-210 is well delineated, the cellular mechanisms and molecular entities that regulate the transcriptional induction of miR-210 during the cellular reoxygenation phase have not been elucidated yet. Herein, in immortalized AC-16 cardiomyocytes, we delineated the indispensable role of the ubiquitously expressed transcription factor, NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) in H-R-induced miR-210 expression during cellular reoxygenation. Using dominant negative and dominant active expression vectors encoding kinases to competitively inhibit NF-κB activation, we elucidated NF-κB activation as a significant mediator of H-R-induced miR-210 expression. Ensuing molecular assays revealed a direct NF-κB-mediated transcriptional up-regulation of miR-210 expression in response to the H-R challenge that is characterized by the NF-κB-mediated reorchestration of the entire repertoire of histone modification changes that are a signatory of a permissive actively transcribed miR-210 promoter. Our study confers a novel insight identifying NF-κB as a potential novel molecular target to combat H-R-elicited miR-210 expression that fosters augmented cardiomyocyte cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Marwarha
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Katrine Hordnes Slagsvold
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Andre Høydal
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
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Cardona E, Milhade L, Pourtau A, Panserat S, Terrier F, Lanuque A, Roy J, Marandel L, Bobe J, Skiba-Cassy S. Tissue origin of circulating microRNAs and their response to nutritional and environmental stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158584. [PMID: 36087674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stresses associated with changes in diet or environmental disturbances are common situations that fish encounter during their lifetime. The stability and ease of measuring microRNAs (miRNAs) present in biological fluids make these molecules particularly interesting biomarkers for non-lethal assessment of stress in animals. Rainbow trout were exposed for four weeks to abiotic stress (moderate hypoxia) and/or nutritional stress (a high-carbohydrate/low-protein diet). Blood plasma and epidermal mucus were sampled at the end of the experiment, and miRNAs were assessed using small RNA sequencing. We identified four miRNAs (miR-122-5p, miR-184-3p, miR-192-5p and miR-194a-5p) and three miRNAs (miR-210-3p, miR-153a-3p and miR-218c-5p) that accumulated in response to stress in blood plasma and epidermal mucus, respectively. In particular, the abundance of miR-210-3p, a hypoxamiR in mammals, increased strongly in the epidermal mucus of rainbow trout subjected to moderate hypoxia, and can thus be considered a relevant biomarker of hypoxic stress in trout. We explored the contribution of 22 tissues/organs to the abundance of circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) in blood plasma and epidermal mucus influenced by the treatments. Some miRNAs were tissue-specific, while others were distributed among several tissues. Some c-miRNAs (e.g., miR-210-3p, miR184-3p) showed similar variations in both tissues and fluids, while others showed an inverse trend (e.g., miR-122-5p) or no apparent relationship (e.g. miR-192-5p, miR-194a-5p. Overall, these results demonstrate that c-miRNAs can be used as non-lethal biomarkers to study stress in fish. In particular, the upregulation of miR-210-3p in epidermal mucus induced by hypoxia demonstrates the potential of using epidermal mucus as a matrix for identifying non-invasive biomarkers of stress. This study provides information about the tissue sources of c-miRNAs and highlights the potential difficulty in relating variations in miRNA abundance in biological fluids to that in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cardona
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; INRAE, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Léo Milhade
- IRISA, INRIA, CNRS, University of Rennes 1, UMR 6074, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Angéline Pourtau
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; INRAE, Gip Geves St Martin 0652, F-40390 Saint-Martin-de-Hinx, France
| | - Stéphane Panserat
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Fréderic Terrier
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Anthony Lanuque
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Jérôme Roy
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Lucie Marandel
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Julien Bobe
- INRAE, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, E2S UPPA, Nutrition Metabolism, Aquaculture, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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Regulating the Expression of HIF-1α or lncRNA: Potential Directions for Cancer Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182811. [PMID: 36139386 PMCID: PMC9496732 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that tumors under a hypoxic environment can induce an important hypoxia-responsive element, hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α), which can increase tumor migration, invasion, and metastatic ability by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells. Currently, with the deeper knowledge of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), more and more functions of lncRNAs have been discovered. HIF-1α can regulate hypoxia-responsive lncRNAs under hypoxic conditions, and changes in the expression level of lncRNAs can regulate the production of EMT transcription factors and signaling pathway transduction, thus promoting EMT progress. In conclusion, this review summarizes the regulation of the EMT process by HIF-1α and lncRNAs and discusses their relationship with tumorigenesis. Since HIF-1α plays an important role in tumor progression, we also summarize the current drugs that inhibit tumor progression by modulating HIF-1α.
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Popov A, Mandys V. Senescence-Associated miRNAs and Their Role in Pancreatic Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610156. [PMID: 35570840 PMCID: PMC9098800 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Replicative senescence is irreversible cell proliferation arrest for somatic cells which can be circumvented in cancers. Cellular senescence is a process, which may play two opposite roles. On the one hand, this is a natural protection of somatic cells against unlimited proliferation and malignant transformation. On the other hand, cellular secretion caused by senescence can stimulate inflammation and proliferation of adjacent cells that may promote malignancy. The main genes controlling the senescence pathways are also well known as tumor suppressors. Almost 140 genes regulate both cellular senescence and cancer pathways. About two thirds of these genes (64%) are regulated by microRNAs. Senescence-associated miRNAs can stimulate cancer progression or act as tumor suppressors. Here we review the role playing by senescence-associated miRNAs in development, diagnostics and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
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Mirzaei Bavil F, Karimi-Sales E, Alihemmati A, Alipour MR. Effect of ghrelin on hypoxia-related cardiac angiogenesis: involvement of miR-210 signalling pathway. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:270-275. [PMID: 31596148 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1675712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia is the main stimulus for angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and miR-210 are involved in the hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. This study examined the effects of hypoxia and/or ghrelin on miR-210, HIF-1α, and VEGF levels in the heart of rats. METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 6): control; ghrelin, received daily intraperitoneal injections of ghrelin; hypoxia, was exposed to hypoxic condition; hypoxia + ghrelin, was exposed to hypoxic condition and received intraperitoneal injections of ghrelin, for 2 weeks. Myocardial angiogenesis, the expression level of miR-210, and protein levels of HIF-1α and VEGF were assayed in the heart samples. RESULTS Hypoxia increased myocardial angiogenesis and cardiac levels of miR-210, HIF-1α, and VEGF. However, ghrelin inhibited these hypoxia-induced changes. Interestingly, ghrelin had no significant effect on miR-210, HIF-1α, and VEGF levels in normoxic condition. CONCLUSION Ghrelin may be useful as an anti-angiogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Karimi-Sales
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Taeb S, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Rezapoor S, Musa AE, Farhood B, Najafi M. Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Stem Cells Resistance to Radiotherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 22:18-30. [PMID: 34951575 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666211224154952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a chronic disorder that involves several elements of both the tumor and the host stromal cells. At present, the complex relationship between the various factors presents in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor cells, as well as immune cells located within the TME, is still poorly known. Within the TME, the crosstalk of these factors and immune cells essentially determines how a tumor reacts to the treatment and how the tumor can ultimately be destroyed, remain dormant, or develop and metastasize. Also, in TME, reciprocal crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), extracellular matrix (ECM), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) intensifies the proliferation capacity of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are subpopulation of cells that reside within the tumor bulk and have the capacity to self-renew, differentiate, and repair DNA damage. These characteristics make CSCs develop resistance to a variety of treatments, such as radiotherapy (RT). RT is a frequent and often curative treatment for local cancer which mediates tumor elimination by cytotoxic actions. Also, cytokines and growth factors that are released into TME, have been involved in the activation of tumor radioresistance and the induction of different immune cells, altering local immune responses. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of TME in resistance of CSCs to RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 , Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Turkey
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences., Iraq
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Wang HY, Zhang XP, Wang W. Regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hypoxia by the HIF-1α network. FEBS Lett 2021; 596:338-349. [PMID: 34905218 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a significant role in cancer metastasis. A series of models have focused on EMT regulation by TGF-β network. However, how EMT is regulated under hypoxia is less understood. We developed a model of HIF-1α network to explore the potential link between EMT and the network topology. Our results revealed that three positive feedback loops, composed of HIF-1α and its three targets SNAIL, TWIST, and miR-210, should be sequentially activated to induce EMT under aggravating hypoxia. We suggested that the number of the positive feedback loops is critical for determining the number of stable states in EMT. Our work may advance the understanding of the significance of network topology in the regulation of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Wang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, China.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, China.,National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, China
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Kaitsuka T, Matsushita M, Matsushita N. Regulation of Hypoxic Signaling and Oxidative Stress via the MicroRNA-SIRT2 Axis and Its Relationship with Aging-Related Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123316. [PMID: 34943825 PMCID: PMC8699081 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase and ADP-ribosyl transferases plays key roles in aging, metabolism, stress response, and aging-related diseases. SIRT2 is a unique sirtuin that is expressed in the cytosol and is abundant in neuronal cells. Various microRNAs were recently reported to regulate SIRT2 expression via its 3'-untranslated region (UTR), and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the miRNA-binding sites of SIRT2 3'-UTR were identified in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The present review highlights recent studies into SIRT2-mediated regulation of the stress response, posttranscriptional regulation of SIRT2 by microRNAs, and the implications of the SIRT2-miRNA axis in aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kaitsuka
- School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan;
| | - Masayuki Matsushita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan;
| | - Nobuko Matsushita
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Medical Technology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-769-1937
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12
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MicroRNAs: Their Role in Metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapeutic Implications in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225604. [PMID: 34830755 PMCID: PMC8615702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which arises from the oral epithelium, is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite excellent diagnosis and treatment improvements, the mortality rate associated with HNSCC is still extremely high. Current data suggest that dysregulation of exosomes and metabolic abnormalities are involved in the initiation and progression of HNSCC. Thus, approaches for targeting exosomes in the tumor microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming pathways represent potential therapeutic strategies. Moreover, some miRNAs are thought to have significant functions in regulating the progression of HNSCC. The present article aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning the important miRNAs in both exosomes and cancer metabolism, as well as discuss future perspectives regarding their future diagnostic potential and treatment recommendations. Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. Deregulated miRNAs can act as either oncogenic miRNAs or tumor suppressor miRNAs in controlling proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, metastasis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immune responses, which are all involved in the carcinogenesis process of HNSCC. Recent findings have shown that metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of cancer, which is necessary for malignant transformation and tumor development. Some reprogrammed metabolisms are believed to be required for HNSCC against an unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is composed of various cell types embedded in the altered extracellular matrix, among which exosomes, secreted by cancer cells, are one of the most important factors. Tumor-derived exosomes reshape the tumor microenvironment and play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication during HNSCC development. Exosomes encapsulate many biomolecules, including miRNAs, circulate in body fluids, and can transmit intercellular regulatory messages to nearby and distant sites, which indicates that exosomal miRNAs have the potential to become non-invasive biomarkers. This review aims to clarify the functions of diverse miRNAs in HNSCC metabolic reprogramming and tumor-derived exosomes. In addition, it also emphasizes the potential role of miRNA as a biomarker in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HNSCC cancer.
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Desideri E, Ciccarone F, Ciriolo MR, Fratantonio D. Extracellular vesicles in endothelial cells: from mediators of cell-to-cell communication to cargo delivery tools. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:508-520. [PMID: 34214634 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released from most cell types that play a key role in cell-to-cell communication by carrying DNA, non-coding RNAs, proteins and lipids out of cells. The composition of EVs depends on the cell or tissue of origin and changes according to their pathophysiological conditions, making EVs a potential circulating biomarker of disease. Additionally, the natural tropism of EVs for specific organs and cells has raised the interest in their use as delivery vehicles. In this review, we provide an overview of EV biogenesis, isolation and characterization. We also discuss EVs in the context of endothelial pathophysiology, summarizing the current knowledge about their role in cell communication in quiescent and activated endothelial cells. In the last part, we describe the potential use of EVs as delivery vehicles of bioactive compounds and the current strategies to load exogenous cargo and to functionalize EVs to drive them to a specific tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome
| | - Fabio Ciccarone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via della Pisana 235, 00163, Rome, Italy.
| | - Deborah Fratantonio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Padmasekar M, Savai R, Seeger W, Pullamsetti SS. Exposomes to Exosomes: Exosomes as Tools to Study Epigenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in High-Altitude Humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8280. [PMID: 34444030 PMCID: PMC8392481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Humans on earth inhabit a wide range of environmental conditions and some environments are more challenging for human survival than others. However, many living beings, including humans, have developed adaptive mechanisms to live in such inhospitable, harsh environments. Among different difficult environments, high-altitude living is especially demanding because of diminished partial pressure of oxygen and resulting chronic hypobaric hypoxia. This results in poor blood oxygenation and reduces aerobic oxidative respiration in the mitochondria, leading to increased reactive oxygen species generation and activation of hypoxia-inducible gene expression. Genetic mechanisms in the adaptation to high altitude is well-studied, but there are only limited studies regarding the role of epigenetic mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to understand the epigenetic mechanisms behind high-altitude adaptive and maladaptive phenotypes. Hypobaric hypoxia is a form of cellular hypoxia, which is similar to the one suffered by critically-ill hypoxemia patients. Thus, understanding the adaptive epigenetic signals operating in in high-altitude adjusted indigenous populations may help in therapeutically modulating signaling pathways in hypoxemia patients by copying the most successful epigenotype. In addition, we have summarized the current information about exosomes in hypoxia research and prospects to use them as diagnostic tools to study the epigenome of high-altitude adapted healthy or maladapted individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Padmasekar
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Xu YW, Ou NJ, Song YX, Wang XH, Kang JQ, Yang YJ, Chen YG, Liu XQ. Seminal plasma miR-210-3p induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis by activating caspase-3 in patients with varicocele. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:513-518. [PMID: 31670279 PMCID: PMC7523610 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_114_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of seminal plasma miR-210-3p in the impairment of semen quality caused by varicocele. This study included 102 patients whose semen quality was normal when they were diagnosed with varicocele. A 2-year follow-up for included patients was performed, and they were divided into Group A (semen quality became abnormal) and Group B (semen quality remained normal) according to the results of semen analysis during the follow-up. Semen parameters and seminal plasma miR-210-3p expression were investigated by semen analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. In vitro experiments with GC-2 cells were performed to explore the role of miR-210-3p in spermatogenic cells. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the level of seminal plasma miR-210-3p in Group A was higher than that in Group B both after 2-year follow-up and when they were diagnosed with varicocele (both P < 0.01). Apoptosis and proliferation assays showed that miR-210-3p induces apoptosis of spermatogenic cells by promoting caspase-3 activation. In conclusion, our study indicated that seminal plasma miR-210-3p induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis by activating caspase-3 in patients with varicocele. Seminal plasma miR-210-3p may be a potential biomarker for predicting impaired semen quality caused by varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ning-Jing Ou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xian-Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jia-Qi Kang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yong-Jiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ye-Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Molecular underpinnings of the early brain developmental response to differential feeding in the honey bee Apis mellifera. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2021; 1864:194732. [PMID: 34242825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain differential morphogenesis in females is one of the major phenotypic manifestations of caste development in honey bees. Brain diphenism appears at the fourth larval phase as a result of the differential feeding regime developing females are submitted during early phases of larval development. Here, we used a forward genetics approach to test the early brain molecular response to differential feeding leading to the brain diphenism observed at later developmental phases. Using RNA sequencing analysis, we identified 53 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the brains of queens and workers at the third larval phase. Since miRNAs have been suggested to play a role in caste differentiation after horizontal and vertical transmission, we tested their potential participation in regulating the DEGs. The miRNA-mRNA interaction network, including the DEGs and the royal- and worker-jelly enriched miRNA populations, revealed a subset of miRNAs potentially involved in regulating the expression of DEGs. The interaction of miR-34, miR-210, and miR-317 with Takeout, Neurotrophin-1, Forked, and Masquerade genes was experimentally confirmed using a luciferase reporter system. Taken together, our results reconstruct the regulatory network that governs the development of the early brain diphenism in honey bees.
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Liu H, Chen C, Zeng J, Zhao Z, Hu Q. MicroRNA-210-3p is transcriptionally upregulated by hypoxia induction and thus promoting EMT and chemoresistance in glioma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253522. [PMID: 34197482 PMCID: PMC8248614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common and lethal form of brain cancer. It is highly malignant and is often characterized by chemoresistance and radioresistance, which are thought to mainly result from hypoxic microenvironments. Various tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in gliomas; however, it is still largely unknown how miRNAs are modified by hypoxia and subsequently affect glioma. In this study, we examined the expression of miR-210-3p, a well-characterized miRNA that responds to hypoxia in glioma cell lines. METHODS The expressions of miR-9 and miR-210-3p were analysed by using qPCR. Cell viability was measured by performing CCK-8 after eechinomycin treatment or introduction of miR-210 for 24 or 48 h. The correlation of HIF-1α expression with TGF-β were analysed using the REMBRANDT database. The biomarkers of EMT, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin, were detected by western blot. Apoptotic cell death was measured by performing Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining followed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that miR-210-3p was induced by a mechanism dependent on the hypoxia-induced transcriptional activity of HIF-1α. Then we established a positive association between the HIF-1α and TGF-β expression levels, and miR-210-3p upregulation induced TGF-β expression, indicating that hypoxia-induced HIF-1α activity upregulated TGF-β via miR-210-3p upregulation. Hypoxia-induced miR-210-3p activity was found to promote EMT by upregulating TGF-β, which subsequently enhanced the invasive ability in U87-MG cells. We further confirmed that miR-210-3p induced chemoresistance to TMZ in U87-MG cells via TGF-β upregulation under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION These results help to reveal the potential regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia-induced miR-210-3p expression that affect malignant behaviors and chemoresistance via TGF-β upregulation in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjin Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (QH)
| | - Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (QH)
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Wu TY, Leng Q, Tian LQ. The microRNA-210/Casp8ap2 Axis Alleviates Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Injury by Regulating Apoptosis and Autophagy. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:132-142. [PMID: 33882492 DOI: 10.1159/000512254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious condition comprising atherosclerosis-mediated ischaemic and hypoxic myocardial injury. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the miR-210/Casp8ap2 signalling pathway in hypoxic myocardial cells. mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. MTT was used to evaluate cell survival, and flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis and the cell cycle distribution. The interaction between miR-210 and -Casp8ap2 was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay. As a result, overexpression of miR-210 significantly inhibited apoptosis and reduced the proportion of cells in G1 phase. Moreover, miR-210 suppressed autophagy by upregulating p62 levels and reducing the LC3-II/I ratio in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. miR-210 regulated apoptosis and autophagy by directly targeting Casp8ap2. Furthermore, the expression levels of Casp8ap2, Cleaved caspase 8, Cleaved caspase 3and Beclin-1 were all decreased in response to miR-210. In short, our results suggest that miR-210 exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic effects in hypoxic cardiomyocytes, which alleviates myocardial injury in response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Leng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Qun Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Lodhi T, Song YP, West C, Hoskin P, Choudhury A. Hypoxia and its Modification in Bladder Cancer: Current and Future Perspectives. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:376-390. [PMID: 33762140 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays an essential role in the curative treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Hypoxia affects the response to MIBC radiotherapy, limiting radiocurability. Likewise, hypoxia influences MIBC genetic instability and malignant progression being associated with metastatic disease and a worse prognosis. Hypoxia identification in MIBC enables treatment stratification and the promise of improved survival. The most promising methods are histopathological markers such as necrosis; biomarkers of protein expression such as HIF-1α, GLUT-1 and CAIX; microRNAs; and novel mRNA signatures. Although hypoxia modification can take different forms, the gold standard remains carbogen and nicotinamide, which improve local control rates in bladder preservation and absolute overall survival with no significant increase in late toxicity. This is an exciting time for evolving therapies such as bioreductive agents, novel oxygen delivery techniques, immunotherapy and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP) inhibitors, all in development and representing upcoming trends in MIBC hypoxia modification. Whatever the future holds for hypoxia-modified radiotherapy, there is no doubt of its importance in MIBC. mRNA signatures provide an ideal platform for the selection of those with hypoxic tumours but are yet to qualified and integrated into the clinic. Future interventional trials will require biomarker stratification to ensure optimal treatment response to improve outcomes for patients with MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lodhi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Y P Song
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - C West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cancer Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, UK
| | - A Choudhury
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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21
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Liu Y, Wang M, Liang Y, Wang C, Naruse K, Takahashi K. Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041729. [PMID: 33572188 PMCID: PMC7915208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A thrombus in a coronary artery causes ischemia, which eventually leads to myocardial infarction (MI) if not removed. However, removal generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury that damages the tissue and exacerbates the resulting MI. The mechanism of I/R injury is currently extensively understood. However, supplementation of exogenous antioxidants is ineffective against oxidative stress (OS). Enhancing the ability of endogenous antioxidants may be a more effective way to treat OS, and exosomes may play a role as targeted carriers. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles wrapped in biofilms which contain various complex RNAs and proteins. They are important intermediate carriers of intercellular communication and material exchange. In recent years, diagnosis and treatment with exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have gained considerable attention. Herein, we review the new findings of exosomes in the regulation of OS in coronary heart disease, discuss the possibility of exosomes as carriers for the targeted regulation of endogenous ROS generation, and compare the advantages of exosome therapy with those of stem-cell therapy. Finally, we explore several miRNAs found in exosomes against OS.
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Evangelista AF, Oliveira RJ, O Silva VA, D C Vieira RA, Reis RM, C Marques MM. Integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA profiles revealed the role of miR-193 and miR-210 as potential regulatory biomarkers in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:76. [PMID: 33461524 PMCID: PMC7814437 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women. However, the role of microRNA (miRNA) expression in breast cancer progression is not fully understood. In this study we examined predictive interactions between differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in breast cancer cell lines representative of the common molecular subtypes. Integrative bioinformatics analysis identified miR-193 and miR-210 as potential regulatory biomarkers of mRNA in breast cancer. Several recent studies have investigated these miRNAs in a broad range of tumors, but the mechanism of their involvement in cancer progression has not previously been investigated. METHODS The miRNA-mRNA interactions in breast cancer cell lines were identified by parallel expression analysis and miRNA target prediction programs. The expression profiles of mRNA and miRNAs from luminal (MCF-7, MCF-7/AZ and T47D), HER2 (BT20 and SK-BR3) and triple negative subtypes (Hs578T e MDA-MB-231) could be clearly separated by unsupervised analysis using HB4A cell line as a control. Breast cancer miRNA data from TCGA patients were grouped according to molecular subtypes and then used to validate these findings. Expression of miR-193 and miR-210 was investigated by miRNA transient silencing assays using the MCF7, BT20 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Functional studies included, xCELLigence system, ApoTox-Glo triplex assay, flow cytometry and transwell inserts were performed to determine cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. RESULTS The most evident effects were associated with cell proliferation after miR-210 silencing in triple negative subtype cell line MDA-MB-231. Using in silico prediction algorithms, TNFRSF10 was identified as one of the potential regulated downstream targets for both miRNAs. The TNFRSF10C and TNFRSF10D mRNA expression inversely correlated with the expression levels of miR-193 and miR210 in breast cell lines and breast cancer patients, respectively. Other potential regulated genes whose expression also inversely correlated with both miRNAs were CCND1, a known mediator on invasion and metastasis, and the tumor suppressor gene RUNX3. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings identify miR-193 and miR-210 as potential regulatory miRNA in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and suggest that miR-210 may have a specific role in MDA-MB-231 proliferation. Our results highlight important new downstream regulated targets that may serve as promising therapeutic pathways for aggressive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane F Evangelista
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Renato J Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil.
| | - Viviane A O Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Rene A D C Vieira
- Department of Mastology and Breast Reconstruction, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Rui M Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Marcia M C Marques
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil.,Tumor Biobank, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences, FACISB, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil
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Therapeutic Approaches for Metastases from Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010103. [PMID: 33466892 PMCID: PMC7830403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the process of dissemination of a tumor, whereby cells from the primary site dislodge and find their way to other tissues where secondary tumors establish. Metastasis is the primary cause of death related to cancer. This process warrants changes in original tumoral cells and their microenvironment to establish a metastatic niche. Traditionally, cancer therapy has focused on metastasis prevention by systematic treatments or direct surgical re-sectioning. However, metastasis can still occur. More recently, new therapies direct their attention to targeting cancer stem cells. As they propose, these cells could be the orchestrators of the metastatic niche. In this review, we describe conventional and novel developments in cancer therapeutics for liver and lung metastasis. We further discuss the resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy, the advantages, and disadvantages of diverse treatment approaches, and future novel strategies to enhance cancer prognosis.
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Riaud M, Martinez MC, Montero-Menei CN. Scaffolds and Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Approach for Cardiac Regeneration after Myocardial Infarction. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1195. [PMID: 33317141 PMCID: PMC7763019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have demonstrated the regenerative potential of stem cells for cardiac repair over the past decades, but their widespread use is limited by the poor tissue integration and survival obtained. Natural or synthetic hydrogels or microcarriers, used as cell carriers, contribute to resolving, in part, the problems encountered by providing mechanical support for the cells allowing cell retention, survival and tissue integration. Moreover, hydrogels alone also possess mechanical protective properties for the ischemic heart. The combined effect of growth factors with cells and an appropriate scaffold allow a therapeutic effect on myocardial repair. Despite this, the effects obtained with cell therapy remain limited and seem to be equivalent to the effects obtained with extracellular vesicles, key actors in intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles have cardioprotective effects which, when combined proangiogenic properties with antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions, make it possible to act on all the damages caused by ischemia. The evolution of biomaterial engineering allows us to envisage their association with new major players in cardiac therapy, extracellular vesicles, in order to limit undesirable effects and to envisage a transfer to the clinic. This new therapeutic approach could be associated with the release of growth factors to potentialized the beneficial effect obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Riaud
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
- CRCINA, UMR 1232, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, F-49933 Angers, France
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Bian X, Liu J, Yang Q, Liu Y, Jia W, Zhang X, Li YX, Shao X, Wang YL. MicroRNA-210 regulates placental adaptation to maternal hypoxic stress during pregnancy†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:418-429. [PMID: 33074310 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-210 is a well-known hypoxia-inducible small RNA. Increasing in vitro evidence demonstrates its involvement in regulating multiple behaviors of placental trophoblasts. However, direct in vivo evidence remains lacking. In the present study, we generated a miR-210-deficient mouse strain using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, in which miR-210 expression was markedly deficient in various tissues. Little influence on fertility rate and litter size was observed after the deletion of miR-210 in mice. Continuous exposure of pregnant mice to hypoxia (10.5% O2) from E6.5 to E10.5 or to E18.5 led to reduction in fetal weight, and such fetal weight loss was markedly worsened in miR-210-knockout dams. Analysis of the placental structure demonstrated the reduced expansion of placental spongiotrophoblast layer and hampered development of labyrinth fetal blood vessels in knockout mice compared to the wild-type controls upon hypoxia stimulation. The findings indicate that miR-210 participates in regulating placental adaptation to hypoxic stress during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wentong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Hui X, Al-Ward H, Shaher F, Liu CY, Liu N. The Role of miR-210 in the Biological System: A Current Overview. Hum Hered 2020; 84:233-239. [PMID: 32906127 DOI: 10.1159/000509280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a group of non-coding RNAs measuring 19-23 nucleotides in length and are recognized as powerful molecules that regulate gene expression in eukaryotic cells. miRNAs stimulate the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression via direct or indirect mechanisms. SUMMARY miR-210 is highly upregulated in cells under hypoxia, thereby revealing its significance to cell endurance. Induction of this mRNA expression is an important feature of the cellular low-oxygen response and the most consistent and vigorous target of HIF. Key Message: miR-210 is involved in many cellular functions under the effect of HIF-1α, including the cell cycle, DNA repair, immunity and inflammation, angiogenesis, metabolism, and macrophage regulation. It also plays an important regulatory role in T-cell differentiation and stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Hui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Hisham Al-Ward
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China,
| | - Fahmi Shaher
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chun-Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
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27
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Adipose-derived exosomal miR-210/92a cluster inhibits adipose browning via the FGFR-1 signaling pathway in high-altitude hypoxia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14390. [PMID: 32873843 PMCID: PMC7463015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold and hypoxia are critical drivers of adaptation to high altitudes. Organisms at high altitudes have adapted to maximize the efficiency of oxygen utilization and are less prone to obesity and diabetes than those at low altitudes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy in the form of heat in both humans and rodents; it also serves to regulate metabolism to curb obesity. However, the role of BAT in high-altitude populations is poorly understood. Serum exosomes can be easily obtained, enabling the study of BAT functions and identification of biomarkers in serum exosomes, both of which contribute to understanding the role of BAT in high-altitude populations. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (PET/CT) is the gold standard for studying BAT in human adults. Here, we studied BAT in healthy high-altitude populations via PET/CT and serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). The observations were validated in mouse tissues and demonstrated that high-altitude hypoxia activated BAT through attenuated white adipose tissue (WAT) secreted exosomal miR-210/92a, which enhanced the FGFR-1 expression in BAT.
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28
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Nie X, Zhao J, Ling H, Deng Y, Li X, He Y. Exploring microRNAs in diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4077-4095. [PMID: 32449793 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) are one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, occurring mainly in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and their target genes are essential regulators of cell physiology and pathology including biological processes that are involved in the regulation of diabetes and diabetes-related microvascular complications. in vivo and in vitro models have revealed that the expression of some miRNAs can be regulated in the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and wound remodelling of DCU. Nevertheless, the potential application of miRNAs to clinical use is still limited. Here, we provide a contemporary overview of the miRNAs as well as their associated target genes and pathways (including Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR) related to DCU healing. We also summarize the current development of drugs for DCU treatment and discuss the therapeutic challenges of DCU treatment and its future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiufeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hua Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Georgia Campus - Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, GA, USA
| | - Youcai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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29
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Peng X, Gao H, Xu R, Wang H, Mei J, Liu C. The interplay between HIF-1α and noncoding RNAs in cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:27. [PMID: 32014012 PMCID: PMC6998277 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-1535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a classic characteristic of the tumor microenvironment with a significant impact on cancer progression and therapeutic response. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), the most important transcriptional regulator in the response to hypoxia, has been demonstrated to significantly modulate hypoxic gene expression and signaling transduction networks. In past few decades, growing numbers of studies have revealed the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in hypoxic tumor regions. These hypoxia-responsive ncRNAs (HRNs) play pivotal roles in regulating hypoxic gene expression at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational and posttranslational levels. In addition, as a significant gene expression regulator, ncRNAs exhibit promising roles in regulating HIF-1α expression at multiple levels. In this review, we briefly elucidate the reciprocal regulation between HIF-1α and ncRNAs, as well as their effect on cancer cell behaviors. We also try to summarize the complex feedback loop existing between these two components. Moreover, we evaluated the biomarker potential of HRNs for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer, as well as the potential clinical utility of shared regulatory mechanisms between HIF-1α and ncRNAs in cancer treatment, providing novel insights into tumorigenicity, which may lead to innovative clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafeng Peng
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China.,The First Clinical Medicine School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Han Gao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Chaoying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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30
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Peng S, Zhang J, Tan X, Huang Y, Xu J, Silk N, Zhang D, Liu Q, Jiang J. The VHL/HIF Axis in the Development and Treatment of Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:586857. [PMID: 33329393 PMCID: PMC7732471 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.586857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla (PCCs) or extra-adrenal sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia (PGLs). About 40% of PPGLs result from germline mutations and therefore they are highly inheritable. Although dysfunction of any one of a panel of more than 20 genes can lead to PPGLs, mutations in genes involved in the VHL/HIF axis including PHD, VHL, HIF-2A (EPAS1), and SDHx are more frequently found in PPGLs. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that pseudohypoxia plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis of PPGLs, and therefore PPGLs are also known as metabolic diseases. However, the interplay between VHL/HIF-mediated pseudohypoxia and metabolic disorder in PPGLs cells is not well-defined. In this review, we will first discuss the VHL/HIF axis and genetic alterations in this axis. Then, we will dissect the underlying mechanisms in VHL/HIF axis-driven PPGL pathogenesis, with special attention paid to the interplay between the VHL/HIF axis and cancer cell metabolism. Finally, we will summarize the currently available compounds/drugs targeting this axis which could be potentially used as PPGLs treatment, as well as their underlying pharmacological mechanisms. The overall goal of this review is to better understand the role of VHL/HIF axis in PPGLs development, to establish more accurate tools in PPGLs diagnosis, and to pave the road toward efficacious therapeutics against metastatic PPGLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Peng
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xintao Tan
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiqiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Natalie Silk
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Jiang, ; Qiuli Liu,
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Jiang, ; Qiuli Liu,
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31
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Ruff SM, Ayabe RI, Malekzadeh P, Good ML, Wach MM, Gonzales MK, Tirosh A, Nilubol N, Pacak K, Kebebew E, Patel D. MicroRNA-210 May Be a Preoperative Biomarker of Malignant Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. J Surg Res 2019; 243:1-7. [PMID: 31146085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, no reliable predictive clinical or laboratory tests exist that can accurately distinguish between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas (PPGLs). The aim of this study was to investigate if serum microRNA-210 (miR-210) levels could be a marker of malignancy in patients with PPGLs. METHODS Preoperative serum from patients with PPGLs was collected on the day of surgery. Clinical demographics, germline mutation status, primary tumor size, postoperative biochemical response, and the development of malignant disease were prospectively collected. Total microRNA was extracted from preoperative serum samples, and miR-210 levels were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and normalized to miR-16. Prognostic variables were compared using univariable and multivariable analyses. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 10 (29%) were diagnosed with malignant PPGLs and 25 patients (71%) were diagnosed with benign PPGLs (median follow-up 72.5 mo). Sixty-nine percent of patients had a pheochromocytoma (n = 24/35) compared with 31% of patients with paraganglioma (n = 11/35). The most common germline mutation was succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit B (SDHB) (n = 10). On univariable analysis, lower serum miR-210 expression level (2.3 ± 0.5 versus 3.1 ± 1.2, P = 0.013) and larger primary tumor size (6.7 ± 5.0 cm versus 4.1 ± 2.3 cm, P = 0.043) were significantly associated with malignant disease. No significant prognostic variables were found on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, low serum miR-210 expression levels and large primary tumors were identified to be markers of PPGL malignancy on univariable analysis. Given the initial encouraging results in a small cohort, further investigation is warranted to determine if serum miR-210 levels are prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Ruff
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Reed I Ayabe
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Parisa Malekzadeh
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meghan L Good
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael M Wach
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melissa K Gonzales
- Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amit Tirosh
- Neuroendocrine Tumors Service, Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karel Pacak
- Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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32
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Wang W, Zhang H, Duan X, Feng X, Wang T, Wang P, Ding M, Zhou X, Liu S, Li L, Liu J, Tang L, Niu X, Zhang Y, Li G, Yao W, Yang Y. Association of genetic polymorphisms of miR-145 gene with telomere length in omethoate-exposed workers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:82-88. [PMID: 30684755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Omethoate, an organophosphorous pesticide, causes a variety of health effects, especially the damage of chromosome DNA. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between polymorphisms of encoding miRNA genes and telomere length in omethoate-exposure workers. 180 workers with more than 8 years omethoate-exposure and 115 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Genotyping for the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms loci were performed using the flight mass spectrometry. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method was applied to determine the relative telomere length(RTL) in human peripheral blood leukocytes DNA. After adjusting the covariate of affecting RTL, covariance analysis showed that the female was significantly longer than that of the male in control group(P < 0.046). For the miR-145 rs353291 locus, this study showed that RTL of mutation homozygous AG+GG individuals was longer than that of wild homozygous AA in the exposure group (P = 0.039). In the control group, RTL with wild homozygous TT genotype in miR-30a rs2222722 polymorphism locus was longer than that of the mutation homozygous CC genotype (P = 0.038). After multiple linear regression analysis, the independent variables of entering into the model were omethoate-exposure (b = 0.562, P < 0.001), miR-145 rs353291 (AG+GG) (b = 0.205, P = 0.010). The prolongation of relative telomere length in omethoate exposed workers was associated with AG+GG genotypes in rs353291 polymorphism of encoding miR-145 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Feng
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tuanwei Wang
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingcui Ding
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhou
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxiang Liu
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lixia Tang
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Niu
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Li
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational health and occupational diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Protecting Mitochondrial Health: A Unifying Mechanism in Adult Neurogenesis. J Neurosci 2019; 37:6603-6605. [PMID: 28701582 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1036-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Xu Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Chen Y. Seminal plasma miR‐210‐3p is a biomarker for screening dyszoospermia caused by varicocele. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13244. [PMID: 30714182 DOI: 10.1111/and.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Xu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yongjiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
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35
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Wei HT, Guo EN, Liao XW, Chen LS, Wang JL, Ni M, Liang C. Genome‑scale analysis to identify potential prognostic microRNA biomarkers for predicting overall survival in patients with colon adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:1947-1958. [PMID: 30066920 PMCID: PMC6111604 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify potential prognostic microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) prognostic prediction using the dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The genome‑wide miRNA sequencing dataset and corresponding COAD clinical information were downloaded from TCGA. Prognosis‑related miRNA screening was performed by genome‑wide multivariable Cox regression analysis and used for prognostic signature construction. Ten miRNAs (hsa‑mir‑891a, hsa‑mir‑6854, hsa‑mir‑216a, hsa‑mir‑378d‑1, hsa‑mir‑92a‑1, hsa‑mir‑4709, hsa‑mir‑92a‑2, hsa‑mir‑210, hsa‑mir‑940 and hsa‑mir‑887) were identified as prognostic miRNAs and used for further prognostic signature construction. The 10‑miRNA prognostic signature showed good performance in prognosis prediction (adjusted P<0.0001; adjusted hazard ratio, 4.580; 95% confidence interval, 2.783‑7.538). In the time‑dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve was 0.735, 0.788, 0.806, 0.806, 0.775 and 0.900 for 1‑, 2‑, 3‑, 4‑, 5‑ and 10‑year COAD overall survival prediction, respectively. Comprehensive survival analysis suggested that the 10‑miRNA prognostic signature is an independent prognostic factor in COAD, with a better performance in COAD overall survival prediction than other traditional clinical parameters. Functional enrichment indicated that the corresponding target genes were significantly enriched in multiple biological processes and pathways, including regulation of cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell growth, and Wnt and transforming growth factor‑β signaling pathways. In conclusion, our present study identified a 10‑miRNA expression signature that may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530031, P.R. China
| | - Er-Na Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Wen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li-Sheng Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Lei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530031, P.R. China
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530031, P.R. China
| | - Chi Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530031, P.R. China
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Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental observations tend to prove that environment, lifestyle or nutritional challenges influence heart functions together with genetic factors. Furthermore, when occurring during sensitive windows of heart development, these environmental challenges can induce an 'altered programming' of heart development and shape the future heart disease risk. In the etiology of heart diseases driven by environmental challenges, epigenetics has been highlighted as an underlying mechanism, constituting a bridge between environment and heart health. In particular, micro-RNAs which are involved in each step of heart development and functions seem to play a crucial role in the unfavorable programming of heart diseases. This review describes the latest advances in micro-RNA research in heart diseases driven by early exposure to challenges and discusses the use of micro-RNAs as potential targets in the reversal of the pathophysiology.
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38
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Yuan Y, Du W, Liu J, Ma W, Zhang L, Du Z, Cai B. Stem Cell-Derived Exosome in Cardiovascular Diseases: Macro Roles of Micro Particles. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:547. [PMID: 29904347 PMCID: PMC5991072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cell-based therapy has emerged as the promising therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recently, increasing evidence suggest stem cell-derived active exosomes are important communicators among cells in the heart via delivering specific substances to the adjacent/distant target cells. These exosomes and their contents such as certain proteins, miRNAs and lncRNAs exhibit huge beneficial effects on preventing heart damage and promoting cardiac repair. More importantly, stem cell-derived exosomes are more effective and safer than stem cell transplantation. Therefore, administration of stem cell-derived exosomes will expectantly be an alternative stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, modification of stem cell-derived exosomes or artificial synthesis of exosomes will be the new therapeutic tools for CVDs in the future. In addition, stem cell-derived exosomes also have been implicated in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current advances of stem cell-derived exosome-based treatment and prognosis for CVDs, including their potential benefits, underlying mechanisms and limitations, which will provide novel insights of exosomes as a new tool in clinical therapeutic translation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Wenya Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Ullmann P, Qureshi-Baig K, Rodriguez F, Ginolhac A, Nonnenmacher Y, Ternes D, Weiler J, Gäbler K, Bahlawane C, Hiller K, Haan S, Letellier E. Hypoxia-responsive miR-210 promotes self-renewal capacity of colon tumor-initiating cells by repressing ISCU and by inducing lactate production. Oncotarget 2018; 7:65454-65470. [PMID: 27589845 PMCID: PMC5323168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Low oxygen concentrations (hypoxia) are known to affect the cellular metabolism and have been suggested to regulate a subpopulation of cancer cells with tumorigenic properties, the so-called tumor-initiating cells (TICs). To better understand the mechanism of hypoxia-induced TIC activation, we set out to study the role of hypoxia-responsive miRNAs in recently established colon cancer patient-derived TICs. We were able to show that low oxygen concentrations consistently lead to the upregulation of miR-210 in different primary TIC-enriched cultures. Both stable overexpression of miR-210 and knockdown of its target gene ISCU resulted in enhanced TIC self-renewal. We could validate the tumorigenic properties of miR- 210 in in vivo experiments by showing that ectopic expression of miR-210 results in increased tumor incidence. Furthermore, enhanced miR-210 expression correlated with reduced TCA cycle activity and increased lactate levels. Importantly, by blocking lactate production via inhibition of LDHA, we could reverse the promoting effect of miR-210 on self-renewal capacity, thereby emphasizing the regulatory impact of the glycolytic phenotype on colon TIC properties. Finally, by assessing expression levels in patient tissue, we could demonstrate the clinical relevance of the miR-210/ISCU signaling axis for colorectal carcinoma. Taken together, our study highlights the importance of hypoxia-induced miR-210 in the regulation of colon cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit Ullmann
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Komal Qureshi-Baig
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Fabien Rodriguez
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélien Ginolhac
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Dominik Ternes
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jil Weiler
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Karoline Gäbler
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christelle Bahlawane
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Serge Haan
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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Soliman AM, Das S, Abd Ghafar N, Teoh SL. Role of MicroRNA in Proliferation Phase of Wound Healing. Front Genet 2018; 9:38. [PMID: 29491883 PMCID: PMC5817091 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex biological process that is generally composed of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The proliferation phase is crucial for effective healing compared to other phases. Many critical events occur during this phase, i.e., migration of fibroblasts, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and wound contraction. Chronic wounds are common and are considered a major public health problem. Therefore, there is the increasing need to discover new therapeutic strategies. MicroRNA (miRNA) research in the field of wound healing is in its early phase, but the knowledge of the recent discoveries is essential for developing effective therapies for the treatment of chronic wounds. In this review, we focused on recently discovered miRNAs which are involved in the proliferation phase of wound healing in the past few years and their role in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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41
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Ofek P, Tiram G, Satchi-Fainaro R. Angiogenesis regulation by nanocarriers bearing RNA interference. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 119:3-19. [PMID: 28163106 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the approval of bevacizumab as anti-angiogenic therapy in 2004 by the FDA, an array of angiogenesis inhibitors have been developed and approved. However, results were disappointing with regard to their therapeutic efficacy. RNA interference approaches offer the possibility of rational design with high specificity, lacking in many current drug treatments for various diseases including cancer. However, in vivo delivery issues still represent a significant obstacle for widespread clinical applications. In the current review, we summarize the advances in the last decade in the field of angiogenesis-targeted RNA interference approaches, with special emphasis on oncology applications. We present pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors as potential targets, experimental evidence and clinical trials data on angiogenesis regulation by RNA interference. Consequent challenges and opportunities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ofek
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Galia Tiram
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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42
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Hilborn E, Stål O, Alexeyenko A, Jansson A. The regulation of hydroxysteroid 17β-dehydrogenase type 1 and 2 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines by estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, microRNAs, and genes related to breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62183-62194. [PMID: 28977936 PMCID: PMC5617496 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the influence of estrogen, androgen, microRNAs, and genes implicated in breast cancer on the expression of HSD17B1 and HSD17B2. MATERIALS Breast cancer cell lines ZR-75-1, MCF7, T47D, SK-BR-3, and the immortalized epithelial cell line MCF10A were used. Cells were treated either with estradiol or dihydrotestosterone for 6, 24, 48 hours, or 7 days or treated with miRNAs or siRNAs predicted to influence HSD17B expression Results and discussion. Estradiol treatment decreased HSD17B1 expression and had a time-dependent effect on HSD17B2 expression. This effect was lost in estrogen receptor-α down-regulated or negative cell lines. Dihydrotestosterone treatment increased HSD17B2 expression, with limited effect on HSD17B1 expression. No effect was seen in cells without AR or in combination with the AR inhibitor hydroxyflutamide. The miRNA-17 up-regulated HSD17B1, while miRNA-210 and miRNA-7-5p had up- and down-regulatory effect and miRNA-1304-3p reduced HSD17B1 expression. The miRNA-204-5p, 498, 205-3p and 579-3p reduced HSD17B2 expression. Downregulation of CX3CL1, EPHB6, and TP63 increased HSD17B1 and HSD17B2 expression, while GREB1 downregulation suppressed HSD17B1 and promoted HSD17B2 expression. CONCLUSION We show that HSD17B1 and HSD17B2 are controlled by estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, and miRNAs, as well as modulated by several breast cancer-related genes, which could have future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Hilborn
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Olle Stål
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andrey Alexeyenko
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Agneta Jansson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Yang W, Ma J, Zhou W, Zhou X, Cao B, Fan D, Hong L. Biological implications and clinical value of mir-210 in gastrointestinal cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:539-548. [PMID: 28317401 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1309281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common feature of tumor microenvironment, is known to accelerate tumor development and growth by promoting the formation of a neoplastic environment. Recent studies have provided a wealth of evidence that miRNAs are significant members of the adaptive response to low oxygen in tumors. miR-210 is one of the hypoxia-induced miRNAs, which has been reported extensively in cancer researches. However, there is no systematic discussion about the role of miR-210 in gastrointestinal cancer. We conducted a literature research in database including PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct and Medline before 16 September 2016, in order to collect articles of miR-210 in gastrointestinal cancer. Areas covered: In the present review, we mainly discuss the following aspects: hypoxia-induced dysregulation of miR-210, the expression of miR-210 and tumorigenesis, the resultant changes of miR-210 targets and its roles in different types of gastrointestinal cancer progression, the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic value of miR-210 in gastrointestinal cancer. Expert commentary: Numerous researches have demonstrated the values of miR-210 in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapies, especially in gastrointestinal cancers. However, there are also some existing problems and challenges in translating the new research findings into clinical utility. Further investigations and studies are still urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Yang
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xin Zhou
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Bo Cao
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Daiming Fan
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Liu Hong
- a State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
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Abu-Halima M, Poryo M, Ludwig N, Mark J, Marsollek I, Giebels C, Petersen J, Schäfers HJ, Grundmann U, Pickardt T, Keller A, Meese E, Abdul-Khaliq H. Differential expression of microRNAs following cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart diseases. J Transl Med 2017; 15:117. [PMID: 28558735 PMCID: PMC5450060 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with congenital heart defects (CHDs) are at high risk for myocardial failure after operative procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNA) are involved in the development of CHDs and myocardial failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine alterations in the miRNA profile in heart tissue after cardiac surgery using CPB. Methods In total, 14 tissue samples from right atrium were collected from patients before and after connection of the CPB. SurePrint™ 8 × 60K Human v21 miRNA array and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were employed to determine the miRNA expression profile from three patients before and after connection of the CPB. Enrichment analyses of altered miRNA expression were predicted using bioinformatic tools. Results According to miRNA array, a total of 90 miRNAs were significantly altered including 29 miRNAs with increased and 61 miRNAs with decreased expression after de-connection of CPB (n = 3) compared to before CPB (n = 3). Seven miRNAs had been validated using RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of 11 patients. Enrichment analyses applying the KEGG database displayed the highest correlation for signaling pathways, cellular community, cardiovascular disease and circulatory system. Conclusion Our result identified the overall changes of the miRNome in right atrium tissue of patients with CHDs after CPB. The differentially altered miRNAs lay a good foundation for further understanding of the molecular function of changed miRNAs in regulating CHDs and after CPB in particular. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1213-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood Abu-Halima
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany. .,Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Martin Poryo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Janine Mark
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ina Marsollek
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christian Giebels
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Johannes Petersen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Schäfers
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ulrich Grundmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thomas Pickardt
- Competence Network for Congenital Heart Defects, National Register for Congenital Heart Defects, DZHK, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66041, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hashim Abdul-Khaliq
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Competence Network for Congenital Heart Defects, National Register for Congenital Heart Defects, DZHK, 13347, Berlin, Germany
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45
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MicroRNA-210 suppresses glucocorticoid receptor expression in response to hypoxia in fetal rat cardiomyocytes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80249-80264. [PMID: 29113299 PMCID: PMC5655194 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common intrauterine stressor, often resulting in intrauterine growth restriction and increased risk for cardiovascular disease later in life. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis that microRNA-210 (miR-210) mediates the detrimental suppression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in response to hypoxia in fetal rat cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes isolated from gestational day 21 Sprague Dawley fetal rats showed increased miR-210 levels and reduced GR abundance after exposure to ex vivo hypoxia (1% O2). In regard to mechanisms, the different contributions of hypoxia response elements (HREs) motifs in the regulation of miR-210 promoter activity and the miR-210-mediated repression of GR expression were determined in rat embryonic heart-derived myogenic cell line H9c2. Moreover, using a cell culture-based model of hypoxia-reoxygenation injury, we assessed the cytotoxic effects of GR suppression under hypoxic conditions. The results showed that hypoxia induced HIF-1α-dependent miR-210 production, as well as miR-210-mediated GR suppression, in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, inhibition or knockdown of GR exacerbated cell death in response to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Altogether, the present study demonstrates that the HIF-1α-dependent miR-210-mediated suppression of GR in fetal rat cardiomyocytes increases cell death in response to hypoxia, providing novel evidence for a possible mechanistic link between fetal hypoxia and programming of ischemic-sensitive phenotype in the developing heart.
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Distinct Effects of miR-210 Reduction on Neurogenesis: Increased Neuronal Survival of Inflammation But Reduced Proliferation Associated with Mitochondrial Enhancement. J Neurosci 2017; 37:3072-3084. [PMID: 28188219 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1777-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis is essential to brain development and plays a central role in the response to brain injury. Stroke and head trauma stimulate proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs); however, the survival of young neurons is sharply reduced by postinjury inflammation. Cellular mitochondria are critical to successful neurogenesis and are a major target of inflammatory injury. Mitochondrial protection was shown to improve survival of young neurons. This study tested whether reducing cellular microRNA-210 (miR-210) would enhance mitochondrial function and improve survival of young murine neurons under inflammatory conditions. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of miR-210 inhibition to enhance and protect mitochondrial function through upregulation of mitochondrial proteins. Here, miR-210 inhibition significantly increased neuronal survival and protected the activity of mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome c oxidase and aconitase in differentiating NSC cultures exposed to inflammatory mediators. Unexpectedly, we found that reducing miR-210 significantly attenuated NSC proliferation upon induction of differentiation. Further investigation revealed that increased mitochondrial function suppressed the shift to primarily glycolytic metabolism and reduced mitochondrial length characteristic of dividing cells. Activation of AMP-regulated protein kinase-retinoblastoma signaling is important in NSC proliferation and the reduction of this activation observed by miR-210 inhibition is one mechanism contributing to the reduced proliferation. Postinjury neurogenesis occurs as a burst of proliferation that peaks in days, followed by migration and differentiation over weeks. Our studies suggest that mitochondrial protective miR-210 inhibition should be delayed until after the initial burst of proliferation, but could be beneficial during the prolonged differentiation stage.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Increasing the success of endogenous neurogenesis after brain injury holds therapeutic promise. Postinjury inflammation markedly reduces newborn neuron survival. This study found that enhancement of mitochondrial function by reducing microRNA-210 (miR-210) levels could improve survival of young neurons under inflammatory conditions. miR-210 inhibition protected the activity of mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome c oxidase and aconitase. Conversely, we observed decreased precursor cell proliferation likely due to suppression of the AMP-regulated protein kinase-retinoblastoma axis with miR-210 inhibition. Therefore, mitochondrial protection is a double-edged sword: early inhibition reduces proliferation, but inhibition later significantly increases neuroblast survival. This explains in part the contradictory published reports of the effects of miR-210 on neurogenesis.
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Garberg HT, Huun MU, Baumbusch LO, Åsegg-Atneosen M, Solberg R, Saugstad OD. Temporal Profile of Circulating microRNAs after Global Hypoxia-Ischemia in Newborn Piglets. Neonatology 2017; 111:133-139. [PMID: 27750254 DOI: 10.1159/000449032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of reliable biomarkers that can identify and grade acute hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborns. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, non-coding strands of RNA that are released into the circulation in response to tissue stress and injury. Some miRNAs are highly tissue specific and thus may potentially be non-invasive biomarkers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal expression of selected circulating miRNAs in a clinically relevant piglet model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). METHODS A total of 13 anesthetized newborn piglets were randomized to either a control group (n = 5) or transient global HI group (n = 8). HI was achieved by ventilation with 8% oxygen until the point of severe acidosis (arterial base excess ≤-20 mmol/l) and/or hypotension (mean arterial blood pressure ≤20 mm Hg) was reached. Plasma was sampled at baseline, at the end of HI and 0.5, 3.5 and 9.5 h after HI. MiRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Compared to baseline, miR-374a increased during HI (p = 0.01), remained elevated at 0.5 h after HI (p = 0.02) and was downregulated at 9.5 h after HI (p = 0.02). MiR-210 increased during HI (p = 0.02) and rapidly normalized by 0.5 h after HI. MiR-124 and miR-125b did not exhibit significant alterations. Correlations were observed between miR-374a, arterial pH, base excess and lactate levels, and between miR-210 and pO2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that miR-374a and miR-210 are important regulators in neonatal HI and might have a place as biomarkers in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard Tetlie Garberg
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
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Lv X, Li J, Zhang C, Hu T, Li S, He S, Yan H, Tan Y, Lei M, Wen M, Zuo J. The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in tumor angiogenesis and cell metabolism. Genes Dis 2016; 4:19-24. [PMID: 30258904 PMCID: PMC6136595 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a main heterodimeric transcription factor that regulates the cellular adaptive response to hypoxia by stimulating the transcription of a series of hypoxia-inducible genes. HIF is frequently upregulated in solid tumors, and the overexpression of HIF can promote tumor progression or aggressiveness by blood vessel architecture and altering cellular metabolism. In this review, we focused on the pivotal role of HIF in tumor angiogenesis and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we also emphasized the possibility of HIF pathway as a potential therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Lv
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Medical School, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, China
| | - Chuhong Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Tian Hu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Sai Li
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Sha He
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Hanxing Yan
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yixi Tan
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Mingsheng Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhangjiajie City Hospital, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427000, China
| | - Meiling Wen
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jianhong Zuo
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Abstract
The majority of kidney cancers are associated with mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau gene and a small proportion are associated with infrequent mutations in other well characterized tumour-suppressor genes. In the past 15 years, efforts to uncover other key genes involved in renal cancer have identified many genes that are dysregulated or silenced via epigenetic mechanisms, mainly through methylation of promoter CpG islands or dysregulation of specific microRNAs. In addition, the advent of next-generation sequencing has led to the identification of several novel genes that are mutated in renal cancer, such as PBRM1, BAP1 and SETD2, which are all involved in histone modification and nucleosome and chromatin remodelling. In this Review, we discuss how altered DNA methylation, microRNA dysregulation and mutations in histone-modifying enzymes disrupt cellular pathways in renal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Morris
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Wolverhampton School of Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Farida Latif
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Keßler J, Rot S, Bache M, Kappler M, Würl P, Vordermark D, Taubert H, Greither T. miR-199a-5p regulates HIF-1α and OSGIN2 and its expression is correlated to soft-tissue sarcoma patients' outcome. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:5281-5288. [PMID: 28101243 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms of mesenchymal origin. Partly due to hypoxia, an aggressive and radioresistant phenotype frequently develops, resulting in poorer patient outcome. microRNAs (miRNAs) are tiny, non-coding regulators of gene expression and in situations of cellular stress situations may predict clinical progression and patient outcome. In the present study, hypoxia-associated miR-199a-5p expression in 96 soft tissue sarcoma samples was analysed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and associations between miR-199a-5p expression and patient clinicopathological characteristics and survival were measured. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays analyzed the post-transcriptional regulation of hypoxia-associated genes hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 2 (OSGIN2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by miR-199a-5p. Survival analyses indicated that low expression of miR-199a-5p was significantly correlated with poorer tumor-specific survival (univariate Cox's-Regression analyses; relative risk=1.92, P=0.029). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the 3'UTR of HIF-1α and OSGIN2 genes were regulated by miR-199a-5p in-vitro, although the 3'UTR of VEGF was not. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the regulation of the 3'untranslated region of the OSGIN2 gene by miR-199a-5p and a significant correlation between low miR-199a-5p expression and a poor outcome of patients with soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Keßler
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Swetlana Rot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Bache
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Kappler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Peter Würl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Diakonie Hospital, D-06114 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Clinic of Urology, FA University Hospital Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Greither
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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