1
|
Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside Ameliorates Infrasound-Induced Central Nervous System (CNS) Injury by Improving Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capacity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6576718. [PMID: 31998440 PMCID: PMC6977337 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6576718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Infrasound is a major threat to global health by causing injuries of the central nervous system (CNS). However, there remains no effective therapeutic agent for preventing infrasound-caused CNS injury. 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside (THSG) exerts protective function against CNS injuries and may have beneficial effects on infrasound-induced CNS impairment. Methods A mouse model with CNS (oxidative stress-induced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis) injuries was established when the mouse was exposed to the infrasound of 16 Hz at 130 dB for 2 h each day and the duration of treatment was 8 d. The mice were divided into the control (CG, healthy mice), the model (MG, model mice), and the THSG (EG, experimental group, model mice treated with THSG) groups. The learning and memory impairments caused by infrasound were examined using a Morris water maze test. Lipid profiles, antioxidant biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines in hippocampus tissue were measured by using corresponding ELISA kits. Meanwhile, BCL-2/BAX/caspase-3 signaling pathway was measured in the hippocampi and prefrontal cortex of the mouse brain using real-time qPCR and Western blot. Nissl's stain was used to measure neuronal necrosis in the hippocampi and prefrontal cortex of the mouse brain. Results THSG significantly ameliorated the learning and memory impairments caused by infrasound. On the other hand, THSG improved lipid profiles, increased antioxidant properties by affecting the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and displayed anti-inflammatory action via the downregulation of IL- (interleukin-) 6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF- (tumor necrosis factor-) α, and hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) in the hippocampal tissues of the mouse model (P < 0.05). Additionally, Nissl's stain showed that THSG inhibited infrasound-induced neuronal necrosis in the hippocampi and prefrontal cortex. Besides, THSG exerted antiapoptosis function by upregulating the level of Bcl-2 and downregulating the levels of BAX and caspase-3 in the hippocampi. Conclusion THSG may be an effective anti-infrasound drug against CNS injury by improving antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis, and antinecrosis capacities. Further research is still needed to confirm the exact molecular mechanism.
Collapse
|
2
|
Zou LH, Shi YJ, He H, Jiang SM, Huo FF, Wang XM, Wu F, Ma L. Effects of FGF2/FGFR1 Pathway on Expression of A1 Astrocytes After Infrasound Exposure. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:429. [PMID: 31130839 PMCID: PMC6509904 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two types of reactive astrocytes, A1 and A2 astrocytes, are induced following neuroinflammation and ischemia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2/FGF receptor (FGFR)1 pathway on A1 and A2 astrocytes in the rat hippocampus using double-labeling immunofluorescence following infrasound exposure. A1 astrocytes were induced in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after exposure to infrasound for 3 days. The number of microglial cells was also increased, and we investigated if these might be responsible for the reactivity of A1 astrocytes. Accordingly, expression levels of C3 and Iba-1, as markers of A1 astrocytes and microglial cells, respectively, were both up-regulated in rat hippocampus following infrasound exposure, as demonstrated by western blot. We also explored the effect of the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway on A1 astrocyte reactivity by pretreating rats with FGF2 or the specific FGFR1 antagonist, PD173074. A1 astrocytes were gradually down-regulated by activation of the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway and were up-regulated by inhibition of the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway after infrasound damage. These results further our understanding of the role of reactive astrocytes in infrasound-induced central nervous system injury and will thus facilitate the development of new treatments for these injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hui Zou
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Frontier Medical Training Brigade, Army Medical University, Changji, China
| | - Ya-Jun Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Specific Diagnosis, PLA 986 Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi-Mei Jiang
- Department of Acu-Moxibustion and Tuina, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang-Fang Huo
- Department of Medicine, Yulin Yuyang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin, China
| | - Xiao-Mu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi YJ, Shi M, Xiao LJ, Li L, Zou LH, Li CY, Zhang QJ, Zhou LF, Ji XC, Huang H, Xi Y, Liu L, Zhang HY, Zhao G, Ma L. Inhibitive Effects of FGF2/FGFR1 Pathway on Astrocyte-Mediated Inflammation in vivo and in vitro After Infrasound Exposure. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:582. [PMID: 30210273 PMCID: PMC6119807 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrasound, a kind of ambient noise, can cause severe disorders to various human organs, specially to central nervous system (CNS). Our previous studies have shown that infrasound-induced CNS injury was closely related with astrocytes activation and astrocytes-mediated neuroinflammation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still largely unclear. FGF2/FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor 2/Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) pathway was reported to play an important role in anti-inflammation in CNS disorders. To further study the possible roles of FGF2/FGFR1 pathway in infrasound-induced CNS injury, here we exposed Sprague-Dawley rats or cultured astrocytes to 16 Hz, 150 dB infrasound, and explored the effects of FGF2 on infrasound-induced astrocytes activation and neuroinflammation. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and liquid chip method were used in this experiment. Our results showed that after 3- or 7-day exposure (2 h/day) of rats as well as 2 h exposure of cultured astrocytes to 16 Hz, 150 dB infrasound, astrocyte-expressed FGFR1 was downregulated in vivo and in vitro. FGF2 pretreatment not only inhibited infrasound-induced astrocyte activation in rat hippocampal CA1 region, but also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and IFN-γ in vitro and in vivo. However, FGF2 significantly upregulated the expression of FGFR1. Furthermore, we showed that FGF2 could attenuate IκBα phosphorylation, NF-κB p65 translocation, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, and neuronal loss in the CA1 region induced by infrasound. On the contrary, PD173074, a special antagonist of FGFR1, could reverse the effects above in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings showed that FGF2/FGFR1 pathway may exert inhibitive effects on astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo after infrasound exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,31668 Troops of PLA, Army Medical University, Xining, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Jun Xiao
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin-Hui Zou
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao-Yang Li
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qin-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Meishan Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Meishan, China
| | - Lin-Fu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Third Hospital of PLA, Baoji, China
| | - Xin-Chao Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Xi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Ya Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effect of low-frequency but high-intensity noise exposure on swine brain blood barrier permeability and its mechanism of injury. Neurosci Lett 2017; 662:122-128. [PMID: 28941872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vibroacousitic disease (VAD) is caused by excessive exposure to low-frequency but high-intensity noise. The integrity of the brain blood barrier (BBB) is essential for the brain. The study aimed to investigate the effect of noise exposure on the BBB. METHODS Healthy male Bama swine were exposed to 50, 70, 100, and 120Hz, 140dB noise for 30min. After exposure, CT brain imaging and ex vivo fluorescent imaging of parenchymal EB leakage were performed (each group consisted of N=3 swine). The human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to 70Hz, 140dB noise for 5min. RESULTS The BBB permeability assay showed that 50, 70, and 100Hz with 140dB noise exposure accelerated BBB permeability, and the BBB opening at 70Hz was most serious and reversible. Additionally, CT images demonstrated that the noise-induced opening of the BBB caused no intracerebral hemorrhage. This noise-induced BBB opening was related to the downregulation of zo-1 and occludin. Finally, cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1 receptor) was found to regulate noise-induced tight junction defects in vitro. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, noise exposure accelerates the formation of a high-permeability BBB with leaky tight junctions through a CysLT1-mediated mechanism, which warrants additional research.
Collapse
|