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Chen H, Xiong R, Cheng J, Ye J, Qiu Y, Huang S, Li M, Liu Z, Pang J, Zhang X, Guo S, Li H, Zhu H. Effects and Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Age-Related Musculoskeletal Diseases: Sarcopenia, Osteoporosis, and Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3130. [PMID: 39339730 PMCID: PMC11434726 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The process of the globally aging population has been accelerating, leading to an increasing social burden. As people age, the musculoskeletal system will gradually go through a series of degenerative and loss of function and eventually develop age-related musculoskeletal diseases, like sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. On the other hand, several studies have shown that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) possess various important physiological functions on the health of muscles, bones, and joints. Objective: This narrative review paper provides a summary of the literature about the effects and mechanisms of PUFAs on age-related musculoskeletal diseases for the prevention and management of these diseases. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases have been searched to select the relevant literature on epidemiological, cellular, and animal experiments and clinical evidence in recent decades with keywords "polyunsaturated fatty acids", "PUFAs", "omega-3", "omega-6", "musculoskeletal diseases", "sarcopenia", "osteoporosis", "osteoarthritis", and so on. Results: PUFAs could prevent and treat age-related musculoskeletal diseases (sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis) by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and controlling the growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy of cells. This review paper provides comprehensive evidence of PUFAs on age-related musculoskeletal diseases, which will be helpful for exploitation into functional foods and drugs for their prevention and treatment. Conclusions: PUFAs could play an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruogu Xiong
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jialu Ye
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingzhen Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengchu Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhaoyan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinzhu Pang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
- Sun Yat-sen University-Mengniu Joint Research Center of Nutrition and Health for Middle-Aged and Elderly, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
| | - Huabin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huilian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University-Mengniu Joint Research Center of Nutrition and Health for Middle-Aged and Elderly, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Qi W, Mei Z, Sun Z, Lin C, Lin J, Li J, Ji JS, Zheng Y. Exposure to Multiple Air Pollutants and the Risk of Fractures: A Large Prospective Population-Based Study. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1549-1559. [PMID: 37341992 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric chemistry studies suggest air pollution impedes ultraviolet B photons and thus reduces cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. Biological evidence shows that inhaled pollutants disrupt circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) metabolism and ultimately impact bone health. The hypothesis is that higher air pollution concentrations are associated with a higher risk of fractures, mediated by lower circulating 25(OH)D. The study included participants of the UK Biobank who were free of fracture history at enrollment (2006 to 2010) and analyzed their environmental exposure data (2007 to 2010). Air pollution measurements included the annual averages of air particulate matter (PM2.5 , PM2.5-10 , and PM10 ), nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx ), and a composite air pollution score. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the associations of the individual pollutants and the score with fracture risks. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the underlying role of serum 25(OH)D in such associations. Among 446,395 participants with a median of 8-year follow-up, 12,288 incident fractures were documented. Participants living in places with the highest quintile of air pollution score had a 15.3% increased risk of fractures (hazard ratio [95%CI]: 1.15[1.09,1.22]) compared to those in the lowest, and 5.49% of this association was mediated through serum 25(OH)D (pmediation < 0.05). Pollutant-specific hazard of top-to-bottom quintiles was 16% for PM2.5 , 4% for PM2.5-10 , 5% for PM10 , 20% for NO2 , and 17% for NOx , with a 4% to 6% mediation effect of serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The associations of the air pollution score with fracture risks were weaker among female participants, those who drank less alcohol, and consumed more fresh fruit than their counterparts (pinteraction < 0.05). © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhendong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Feehan O, Magee PJ, Pourshahidi LK, Armstrong DJ, Slevin MM, Allsopp PJ, Conway MC, Strain JJ, McSorley EM. Associations of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:95-104. [PMID: 35908118 PMCID: PMC9899733 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02933-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The immunomodulatory properties of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are reported to reduce bone loss through alteration of bone remodelling and n-3 LCPUFA, therefore, may benefit bone health in post-menopausal women, a vulnerable group at high risk of osteoporosis. METHODS Measures of bone mineral density (BMD) were determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in 300 post-menopausal women. The bone turnover markers osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen (CTX) and total alkaline phosphatase were quantified in serum along with urinary creatinine corrected deoxypyridinoline (DPD/Cr) and CTX/Cr and the CTX:OC ratio calculated. Total serum n-6 PUFA (LA + AA) and n - 3 LCPUFA (ALA + EPA + DPA + DHA) were measured and the n - 6:n - 3 ratio was calculated. RESULTS Mean (SD) age and body mass index (BMI) were 61 (6.4) years and 27.4 (4.8) kg/m2, respectively with participants being 12.6 (7.6) years post-menopause. Multiple regression analysis identified no association between n-3 LCPUFA and any of the measures of T-score or BMD albeit a significant positive association between total n - 3 LCPUFA and femur BMD (β = 0.287; p = 0.043) was observed within those women with a low n - 6:n - 3 ratio. There was a significant inverse association between ALA and urinary DPD/Cr (β = - 0.141; p = 0.016). CONCLUSION A favourable low n - 6:n - 3 ratio was associated with higher femur BMD and a higher n - 3 LCPUFA (ALA) was associated with lower bone resorption. These results support a beneficial role for n - 3 LCPUFA in reducing postmenopausal bone resorption and favourably influencing BMD. TRIAL NUMBER & DATE OF REGISTRATION ISRCTN63118444, 2nd October 2009, "Retrospectively registered".
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlagh Feehan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Pamela Jane Magee
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Laura Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - David John Armstrong
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK ,Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, BT47 6SB UK
| | - Mary Martina Slevin
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Philip James Allsopp
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Marie Catherine Conway
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Emeir Mary McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
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Li ZH, Song WQ, Shen D, Zhang PD, Zhou JM, Zhang XR, Zhang YJ, Ren JJ, Chen YJ, Liu D, Zhong WF, Chen PL, Huang QM, Wang XM, Liang F, Qiu CS, Chen ZT, Li C, Mao C. Habitual fish oil supplementation and incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Data from a prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2651-2658. [PMID: 36308984 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish oil is one of the most popular supplements in the UK and other developed countries. However, the relationship between fish oil use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association of habitual fish oil supplementation with incident COPD risk and to evaluate potential effect modification by genetic predisposition. METHODS This study included 484,414 participants (mean and standard deviation [SD] age: 56.5 [8.1] years) from the UK Biobank who completed a touchscreen questionnaire on habitual fish oil supplement use between 2006 and 2010 and were followed up through 2018. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) with adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle behaviours, health conditions, and other potential confounding factors. A weighted genetic risk score (GRS) for COPD was derived from 112 validated single nucleotide polymorphisms. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 8860 incident COPD events were recorded. A total of 31.4% (152,230) of the study participants reported habitual fish oil supplementation at baseline. Habitual fish oil supplementation was significantly associated with a lower risk of incident COPD (adjusted HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84-0.93). The association with COPD did not differ by GRS strata (P for interaction = 0.880). The results from subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that habitual fish oil supplementation is associated with a lower risk of incident COPD, irrespective of genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Qi Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Ru Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Liang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Mei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fen Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Shen Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Ting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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