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Albalawi MA. Modification of wood lignin and integration with multifunctional polyester nanocomposite. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131466. [PMID: 38599420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A simple strategy was introduced to develop fluorescent wood with the ability to alter its color when exposed to both visible and ultraviolet lights. Injecting a combination of europium and dysprosium doped aluminate (EDA; 7-12 nm) nanoparticles and polyester resin (PET) into a lignin-modified wood (LMW) produced a translucent smart wooden window with fluorescence and afterglow emission properties. In order to prevent formation of aggregates and improve the preparation process of transparent woods, EDA must be properly disseminated in the polyester matrix. We analyzed the fluorescent wood samples using a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic methods, including energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence spectra, and hardness tests. We found that the photoluminescent woods had an excitation peak at 365 nm and emission peaks at 437 nm and 517 nm. The translucent luminous woods showed rapid and reversible emission response to ultraviolet light. Fluorescence emission was detected for samples with lower EDA content, and afterglow emission was detected for wood samples with higher EDA content. Increases in EDA content were associated with improvements in water resistance and ultraviolet radiation protection in the EDA@PET-infiltrated wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzough Aziz Albalawi
- Department of Chemistry, Alwajh College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia.
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Martínez AR, Pardal CV, Arjona JA, Ruiz FR, Molinero DD, Paulano MR, Subert A, Manzanedo JVG, Cambil Martín J, de Gálvez Aranda MV, López LJ, Sánchez NB, de Troya Martín M. Skin cancer prevention in extreme sports: Intervention in a 24-h race. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12940. [PMID: 38288775 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Excessive sun exposure and sunburns are the main preventable causes of skin cancer. The growing popularity of outdoor sports in developed countries has motivated the objective of this work to study the risk of photoexposure and the skin cancer prevention needs of athletes in an extreme race and evaluate an intervention targeted at this population. METHODS An observational study was conducted during the XXIII edition of the 101 km de Ronda race, which consisted of trail running and mountain biking categories. Environmental and personal dosimetry, monitoring of meteorological conditions, evaluation of the athletes' photoprotection and skin examination habits, a dermatological checkup, and a satisfaction questionnaire were performed. RESULTS The ultra-endurance race was carried out under adverse conditions (maximum ultraviolet index (UVI) = 9.2, temperatures above 30°C, and relative humidity >35%). The mean effective erythema dose received by race athletes (n = 11) was 2959.2 ± 404.2 J/m2 , equivalent to 29.6 standard erythema doses (SED). The CHACES questionnaire (n = 1145) showed a sunburn rate of 58% and poor protective habits: 62.9% of athletes do not usually use sunscreen and 67.2% do not self-examine their skin. Actinic keratoses (4.7%) and suspicious skin cancer lesions (4.2%) were found in dermatologic screening exams (n = 170). On the satisfaction questionnaire (n = 111), this intervention was rated as excellent (95.5%). CONCLUSION This research highlights the extreme risk of photoexposure that athletes are subjected to during ultra-endurance competitions. In the same way, it shows the need to carry out interventions aimed at the acquisition of healthy photoprotection habits and skin surveillance in this target group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Vaz Pardal
- Andalusian Centre for Sports Medicine, Cádiz, Spain
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Rivas Ruiz
- Research Unit, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Marbella, Spain
| | - Diego Doncel Molinero
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
- Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain
| | | | - Andras Subert
- Research Unit, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain
| | - Jose Vicente Gutiérrez Manzanedo
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jacobo Cambil Martín
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
- Nursing Department, Health Science Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Nuria Blázquez Sánchez
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain
| | - Magdalena de Troya Martín
- PAIDI Group: CTS-1081: Photoprotection and prevention of skin cancer (PHOTOPROTECTION), Marbella, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain
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