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Yang F, He Z, Chu Z, Li W, Qu G, Lu H, Tang Y, Sun S, Luo Z, Luo F. An active peptide from yak inhibits hypoxia-induced lung injury via suppressing VEGF/MAPK/inflammatory signaling. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103252. [PMID: 38925040 PMCID: PMC11255109 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling and inflammation play an important role in the hypoxic-induced lung diseases. Our previous investigations showed that peptide from yak milk residues could alleviate inflammation. In this study, our results suggest that peptide (LV) from yak milk residues peptide had protective effect of lung in the animal models of hypoxic-induced lung injury. LV Gavage could improve pulmonary vascular remodeling in the lung tissues of hypoxic mice. A comprehensive analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics revealed that 5-KETE, 8,9-EET, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a might be potential targets to prevent lung injury in the hypoxic mice. These metabolites can be regulated by MAPK/VEGF and inflammatory pathways. Our data indicated that LV treatment could inhibit apoptosis and inflammation via Nrf2/NF-κB/MAPK/PHD-2 pathway and protected hypoxic-induced lung epithelial cells injury. Taken together, our results suggest that LV provides a novel therapeutic clue for the prevention of hypoxia-induced lung injury and inflammation-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongxing Chu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Guangfan Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Han Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yiping Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Shuguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhang Luo
- College of Food Science, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, Tibet, China.
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
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2
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Moriyama H, Endo J. Pathophysiological Involvement of Mast Cells and the Lipid Mediators in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6619. [PMID: 37047587 PMCID: PMC10094825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are responsible for IgE-dependent allergic responses, but they also produce various bioactive mediators and contribute to the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension (PH). The importance of lipid mediators in the pathogenesis of PH has become evident in recent years, as exemplified by prostaglandin I2, the most central therapeutic target in pulmonary arterial hypertension. New bioactive lipids other than eicosanoids have also been identified that are associated with the pathogenesis of PH. However, it remains largely unknown how mast cell-derived lipid mediators are involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mast cells produce epoxidized n-3 fatty acid (n-3 epoxides) in a degranulation-independent manner, and that n-3 epoxides produced by mast cells regulate the abnormal activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and suppress the progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. This review summarizes the role of mast cells and bioactive lipids in the pathogenesis of PH. In addition, we introduce the pathophysiological role and therapeutic potential of n-3 epoxides, a mast cell-derived novel lipid mediator, in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. Further knowledge of mast cells and lipid mediators is expected to lead to the development of innovative therapies targeting pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Moriyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jin Endo
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
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Leuillier M, Platel V, Tu L, Feugray G, Thuillet R, Groussard D, Messaoudi H, Ottaviani M, Chelgham M, Nicol L, Mulder P, Humbert M, Richard V, Morisseau C, Brunel V, Duflot T, Guignabert C, Bellien J. Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Does Not Promote or Aggravate Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040665. [PMID: 36831332 PMCID: PMC9954493 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of various natural epoxides to their corresponding diols, present an opportunity for developing oral drugs for a range of human cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, including, among others, diabetes and neuropathic pain. However, some evidence suggests that their administration may precipitate the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We thus evaluated the impact of chronic oral administration of the sEH inhibitor TPPU (N-[1-(1-Oxopropyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-urea) on hemodynamics, pulmonary vascular reactivity, and remodeling, as well as on right ventricular (RV) dimension and function at baseline and in the Sugen (SU5416) + hypoxia (SuHx) rat model of severe PH. Treatment with TPPU started 5 weeks after SU5416 injection for 3 weeks. No differences regarding the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, remodeling, and inflammation, nor the abolishment of phenylephrine-induced pulmonary artery constriction, were noted in SuHx rats. In addition, TPPU did not modify the development of RV dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in SuHx rats. Similarly, none of these parameters were affected by TPPU in normoxic rats. Complementary in vitro data demonstrated that TPPU reduced the proliferation of cultured human pulmonary artery-smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs). This study demonstrates that inhibition of sEH does not induce nor aggravate the development of PH and RV dysfunction in SuHx rats. In contrast, a potential beneficial effect against pulmonary artery remodeling in humans is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Leuillier
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Valentin Platel
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guillaume Feugray
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Department of General Biochemistry, CHU Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Déborah Groussard
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hind Messaoudi
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mustapha Chelgham
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lionel Nicol
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Paul Mulder
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Vincent Richard
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Valéry Brunel
- Department of General Biochemistry, CHU Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Duflot
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (J.B.)
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- INSERM EnVI UMR 1096, Health Campus, University of Rouen Normandie, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Department of Pharmacology, CHU Rouen, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (J.B.)
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4
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Kotlyarov S. Immune Function of Endothelial Cells: Evolutionary Aspects, Molecular Biology and Role in Atherogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179770. [PMID: 36077168 PMCID: PMC9456046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the key problems of modern medicine, which is due to the high prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their significant share in the structure of morbidity and mortality in many countries. Atherogenesis is a complex chain of events that proceeds over many years in the vascular wall with the participation of various cells. Endothelial cells are key participants in vascular function. They demonstrate involvement in the regulation of vascular hemodynamics, metabolism, and innate immunity, which act as leading links in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. These endothelial functions have close connections and deep evolutionary roots, a better understanding of which will improve the prospects of early diagnosis and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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5
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Cyp2c44 epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in vascular smooth muscle cells elicit vasoconstriction of the murine ophthalmic artery. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18764. [PMID: 34548575 PMCID: PMC8455677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) signalling pathway has been shown to play a vital role in the vasoreactivity of wild type mouse ophthalmic artery. In this study, we determined the expression, vascular responses and potential mechanisms of the CYP-derived arachidonic acid metabolites. The expression of murine CYP (Cyp2c44) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in the wild type ophthalmic artery was determined with immunofluorescence, which showed predominant expression of Cyp2c44 in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), while sEH was found mainly in the endothelium of the wild type ophthalmic artery. Artery of Cyp2c44-/- and sEH-/- mice were used as negative controls. Targeted mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analysis of endogenous epoxide and diols of the wild type artery detected only 14, 15-EET. Vasorelaxant responses of isolated vessels in response to selective pharmacological blockers and agonist were analysed ex vivo. Direct antagonism of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) with a selective inhibitor caused partial vasodilation, suggesting that EETs may behave as vasoconstrictors. Exogenous administration of synthetic EET regioisomers significantly constricted the vessels in a concentration-dependent manner, with the strongest responses elicited by 11, 12- and 14, 15-EETs. Our results provide the first experimental evidence that Cyp2c44-derived EETs in the VSMC mediate vasoconstriction of the ophthalmic artery.
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6
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Kandhi S, Alruwaili N, Wolin MS, Sun D, Huang A. Reciprocal actions of constrictor prostanoids and superoxide in chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension: roles of EETs. Pulm Circ 2019; 9:2045894019895947. [PMID: 31908769 DOI: 10.1177/2045894019895947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are synthesized from arachidonic acid by CYP/epoxygenase and metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Roles of EETs in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) remain elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms, by which EETs potentiate HPH. Experiments were conducted on sEH knockout (sEH-KO) and wild type (WT) mice after exposure to hypoxia (10% oxygen) for three weeks. In normal/normoxic conditions, WT and sEH-KO mice exhibited comparable pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT), ejection time (ET), PAAT/ET ratio, and velocity time integral (VTI), along with similar right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). Chronic hypoxia significantly reduced PAAT, ET, and VTI, coincided with an increase in RVSP; these impairments were more severe in sEH-KO than WT mice. Hypoxia elicited downregulation of sEH and upregulation of CYP2C9 accompanied with elevation of CYP-sourced superoxide, leading to enhanced pulmonary EETs in hypoxic mice with significantly higher levels in sEH-KO mice. Isometric tension of isolated pulmonary arteries was recorded. In addition to downregulation of eNOS-induced impairment of vasorelaxation to ACh, HPH mice displayed upregulation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor, paralleled with enhanced pulmonary vasocontraction to a TXA2 analog (U46619) in an sEH-KO predominant manner. Inhibition of COX-1 or COX-2 significantly prevented the enhancement by ∼50% in both groups of vessels, and the remaining incremental components were eliminated by scavenging of superoxide with Tiron. In conclusion, hypoxia-driven increases in EETs, intensified COXs/TXA2 signaling, great superoxide sourced from activated CYP2C9, and impaired NO bioavailability work in concert, to potentiate HPH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Kandhi
- Departments of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Departments of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Departments of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Dong Sun
- Departments of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - An Huang
- Departments of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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7
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Udjus C, Cero FT, Halvorsen B, Behmen D, Carlson CR, Bendiksen BA, Espe EKS, Sjaastad I, Løberg EM, Yndestad A, Aukrust P, Christensen G, Skjønsberg OH, Larsen KO. Caspase-1 induces smooth muscle cell growth in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L999-L1012. [PMID: 30908936 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00322.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases with hypoxia are complicated by pulmonary hypertension, leading to heart failure and death. No pharmacological treatment exists. Increased proinflammatory cytokines are found in hypoxic patients, suggesting an inflammatory pathogenesis. Caspase-1, the effector of the inflammasome, mediates inflammation through activation of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β. Here, we investigate inflammasome-related mechanisms that can trigger hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Our aim was to examine whether caspase-1 induces development of hypoxia-related pulmonary hypertension and is a suitable target for therapy. Wild-type (WT) and caspase-1-/- mice were exposed to 10% oxygen for 14 days. Hypoxic caspase-1-/- mice showed lower pressure and reduced muscularization in pulmonary arteries, as well as reduced right ventricular remodeling compared with WT. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation was reduced in caspase-1-deficient pulmonary arteries and in WT arteries treated with a caspase-1 inhibitor. Impaired inflammation was shown in hypoxic caspase-1-/- mice by abolished pulmonary influx of immune cells and lower levels of IL-18, IL-1β, and IL-6, which were also reduced in the medium surrounding caspase-1 abrogated pulmonary arteries. By adding IL-18 or IL-1β to caspase-1-deficient pulmonary arteries, SMC proliferation was retained. Furthermore, inhibition of both IL-6 and phosphorylated STAT3 reduced proliferation of SMC in vitro, indicating IL-18, IL-6, and STAT3 as downstream mediators of caspase-1-induced SMC proliferation in pulmonary arteries. Caspase-1 induces SMC proliferation in pulmonary arteries through the caspase-1/IL-18/IL-6/STAT3 pathway, leading to pulmonary hypertension in mice exposed to hypoxia. We propose that caspase-1 inhibition is a potential target for treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Udjus
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Fadila T Cero
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Dina Behmen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Cathrine R Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Bård A Bendiksen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Emil K S Espe
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Else M Løberg
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ole H Skjønsberg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Karl-Otto Larsen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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Huang A, Sun D. Sexually Dimorphic Regulation of EET Synthesis and Metabolism: Roles of Estrogen. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1222. [PMID: 30420806 PMCID: PMC6215857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid via cytochrome P450 (CYP)/epoxygenase and are hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Circulating and tissue levels of EETs are controlled by CYP (EET synthesis) and sEH (EET degradation). Therefore, both increases in CYP activity and decreases in sEH expression potentiate EET bioavailability, responses that prevail in the female sex as a function of estrogen. This mini review, based on subtitles listed, briefly summarizes studies focusing specifically on (1) female-specific potentiation of CYP/epoxygenase activity to compensate for the endothelial dysfunction; and (2) estrogen-dependent downregulation of sEH expression, which yields divergent actions in both systemic and pulmonary circulation, respectively. Estrogen-Potentiating EET Synthesis in Response to Endothelial Dysfunction: This section summarizes the current understanding regarding the roles of estrogen in facilitating EET synthesis in response to endothelial dysfunction. In this regard, estrogen recruitment of EET-driven signaling serves as a back-up mechanism, which compensates for NO deficiency to preserve endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses and maintain normal blood pressure. Estrogen-Dependent Downregulation of Ephx2/sEH Expression: This section focuses on molecular mechanisms responsible for the female-specific downregulation of sEH expression. Roles of EETs in Systemic Circulation, as a Function of Estrogen-Dependent Downregulation of sEH: This section summarizes studies conducted on animals that are either deficient in the Ephx2 gene (sEH-KO) or have been treated with sEH inhibitors (sEHIs), and exhibit EET-mediated cardiovascular protections in the cerebral, coronary, skeletal, and splanchnic circulations. In particular, the estrogen-inherent silencing of the Ephx2 gene duplicates the action of sEH deficiency, yielding comparable adaptations in attenuated myogenic vasoconstriction, enhanced shear stress-induced vasodilation, and improved cardiac contractility among female WT mice, male sEH-KO and sEHI-treated mice. Roles of Estrogen-Driven EET Production in Pulmonary Circulation: This section reviews epidemiological and clinical studies that provide the correlation between the polymorphism, or mutation of gene(s) involving estrogen metabolism and female predisposition to pulmonary hypertension, and specifically addresses an intrinsic causation between the estrogen-dependent downregulation of Ephx2 gene/sEH expression and female-susceptibility of being pulmonary hypertensive, a topic that has never been explored before. Additionally, the issue of the “estrogen paradox” in the incidence and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Huang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
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9
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Strielkov I, Pak O, Sommer N, Weissmann N. Recent advances in oxygen sensing and signal transduction in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1647-1656. [PMID: 28751366 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00103.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a physiological reaction, which adapts lung perfusion to regional ventilation and optimizes gas exchange. Impaired HPV may cause systemic hypoxemia, while generalized HPV contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension. The triggering mechanisms underlying HPV are still not fully elucidated. Several hypotheses are currently under debate, including a possible decrease as well as an increase in reactive oxygen species as a triggering event. Recent findings suggest an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and occurrence of oxygen sensing at complex IV. Other essential components are voltage-dependent potassium and possibly L-type, transient receptor potential channel 6, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channels. The release of arachidonic acid metabolites appears also to be involved in HPV regulation. Further investigation of the HPV mechanisms will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HPV-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgen Strielkov
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System, University of Giessen Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen , Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System, University of Giessen Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen , Germany
| | - Natasha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System, University of Giessen Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen , Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System, University of Giessen Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen , Germany
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10
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A novel mechanism of ascorbate direct modulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 131:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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11
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Kandhi S, Zhang B, Froogh G, Qin J, Alruwaili N, Le Y, Yang YM, Hwang SH, Hammock BD, Wolin MS, Huang A, Sun D. EETs promote hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction via constrictor prostanoids. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L350-L359. [PMID: 28450284 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) facilitate pulmonary responses to hypoxia, male wild-type (WT) and soluble-epoxide hydrolase knockout (sEH-KO) mice, and WT mice chronically fed a sEH inhibitor (t-TUCB; 1 mg·kg-1·day-1) were used. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was recorded under control and hypoxic conditions. The control RVSP was comparable among all groups. However, hypoxia elicited increases in RVSP in all groups with predominance in sEH-KO and t-TUCB-treated mice. 14,15-EEZE (an EET antagonist) attenuated the hypoxia-induced greater elevation of RVSP in sEH-deficient mice, suggesting an EET-mediated increment. Exogenous 5,6-; 8,9-, or 14,15-EET (0.05 ng/g body wt) did not change RVSP in any conditions, but 11,12-EET enhanced RVSP under hypoxia. Isometric tension was recorded from pulmonary arteries isolated from WT and sEH-KO mice, vessels that behaved identically in their responsiveness to vasoactive agents and vessel stretch. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV, expressed as increases in hypoxic force) was significantly greater in vessels of sEH-KO than WT vessels; the enhanced component was inhibited by EEZE. Treatment of WT vessels with 11,12-EET enhanced HPV to the same level as sEH-KO vessels, confirming EETs as primary players. Inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COXs) significantly enhanced HPV in WT vessels, but attenuated HPV in sEH-KO vessels. Blocking/inhibiting COX-1, prostaglandin H2 (PGH2)/thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptors and TXA synthase prevented the enhanced HPV in sEH-KO vessels but had no effects on WT vessels. In conclusion, an EET-dependent alteration in PG metabolism that favors the action of vasoconstrictor PGH2 and TXA2 potentiates HPV and hypoxia-induced elevation of RVSP in sEH-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.,Department of GI Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Ghezal Froogh
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.,Department of GI Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Norah Alruwaili
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Yicong Le
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Yang-Ming Yang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - An Huang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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12
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Wepler M, Beloiartsev A, Buswell MD, Panigrahy D, Malhotra R, Buys ES, Radermacher P, Ichinose F, Bloch DB, Zapol WM. Soluble epoxide hydrolase deficiency or inhibition enhances murine hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction after lipopolysaccharide challenge. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1213-L1221. [PMID: 27815261 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00394.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is the response of the pulmonary vasculature to low levels of alveolar oxygen. HPV improves systemic arterial oxygenation by matching pulmonary perfusion to ventilation during alveolar hypoxia and is impaired in lung diseases such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and in experimental models of endotoxemia. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are pulmonary vasoconstrictors, which are metabolized to less vasoactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). We hypothesized that pharmacological inhibition or a congenital deficiency of sEH in mice would reduce the metabolism of EETs and enhance HPV in mice after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HPV was assessed 22 h after intravenous injection of LPS by measuring the percentage increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance of the left lung induced by left mainstem bronchial occlusion (LMBO). After LPS challenge, HPV was impaired in sEH+/+, but not in sEH-/- mice or in sEH+/+ mice treated acutely with a sEH inhibitor. Deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of sEH protected mice from the LPS-induced decrease in systemic arterial oxygen concentration (PaO2 ) during LMBO. In the lungs of sEH-/- mice, the LPS-induced increase in DHETs and cytokines was attenuated. Deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of sEH protects mice from LPS-induced impairment of HPV and improves the PaO2 after LMBO. After LPS challenge, lung EET degradation and cytokine expression were reduced in sEH-/- mice. Inhibition of sEH might prove to be an effective treatment for ventilation-perfusion mismatch in lung diseases such as ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arkadi Beloiartsev
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary D Buswell
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Vascular Biology Research and Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emmanuel S Buys
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institut für Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Warren M Zapol
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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13
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Qin J, Le Y, Froogh G, Kandhi S, Jiang H, Luo M, Sun D, Huang A. Sexually dimorphic adaptation of cardiac function: roles of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/12/e12838. [PMID: 27354541 PMCID: PMC4923237 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cardioprotective mediators metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to form corresponding diols (DHETs). As a sex‐susceptible target, sEH is involved in the sexually dimorphic regulation of cardiovascular function. Thus, we hypothesized that the female sex favors EET‐mediated potentiation of cardiac function via downregulation of sEH expression, followed by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs). Hearts were isolated from male (M) and female (F) wild‐type (WT) and sEH‐KO mice, and perfused with constant flow at different preloads. Basal coronary flow required to maintain the perfusion pressure at 100 mmHg was significantly greater in females than males, and sEH‐KO than WT mice. All hearts displayed a dose‐dependent decrease in coronary resistance and increase in cardiac contractility, represented as developed tension in response to increases in preload. These responses were also significantly greater in females than males, and sEH‐KO than WT. 14,15‐EEZE abolished the sex‐induced (F vs. M) and transgenic model‐dependent (KO vs. WT) differences in the cardiac contractility, confirming an EET‐driven response. Compared with M‐WT controls, F‐WT hearts expressed downregulation of sEH, associated with increased EETs and reduced DHETs, a pattern comparable to that observed in sEH‐KO hearts. Coincidentally, F‐WT and sEH‐KO hearts exhibited increased PPARα expression, but comparable expression of eNOS, PPARβ, and EET synthases. In conclusion, female‐specific downregulation of sEH initiates an EET‐dependent adaptation of cardiac function, characterized by increased coronary flow via reduction in vascular resistance, and promotion of cardiac contractility, a response that could be further intensified by PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York Department of GI Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Le
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Ghezal Froogh
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Houli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of GI Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - An Huang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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14
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Sharma S, Ruffenach G, Umar S, Motayagheni N, Reddy ST, Eghbali M. Role of oxidized lipids in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2016; 6:261-73. [PMID: 27683603 DOI: 10.1086/687293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial disease characterized by interplay of many cellular, molecular, and genetic events that lead to excessive proliferation of pulmonary cells, including smooth muscle and endothelial cells; inflammation; and extracellular matrix remodeling. Abnormal vascular changes and structural remodeling associated with PAH culminate in vasoconstriction and obstruction of pulmonary arteries, contributing to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular failure. The complex molecular mechanisms involved in the pathobiology of PAH are the limiting factors in the development of potential therapeutic interventions for PAH. Over the years, our group and others have demonstrated the critical implication of lipids in the pathogenesis of PAH. This review specifically focuses on the current understanding of the role of oxidized lipids, lipid metabolism, peroxidation, and oxidative stress in the progression of PAH. This review also discusses the relevance of apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides and microRNA-193, which are known to regulate the levels of oxidized lipids, as potential therapeutics in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil Sharma
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Grégoire Ruffenach
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Soban Umar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Negar Motayagheni
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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15
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Froogh G, Qin J, Kandhi S, Le Y, Jiang H, Luo M, Sun D, Huang A. Female-favorable attenuation of coronary myogenic constriction via reciprocal activations of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and nitric oxide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H1448-54. [PMID: 27016584 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00906.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid via CYP/epoxygenases, which are catabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and known to possess cardioprotective properties. To date, the role of sEH in the modulation of pressure-induced myogenic response/constriction in coronary arteries, an important regulatory mechanism in the coronary circulation, and the issue as to whether the disruption of the sEH gene affects the myogenic response sex differentially have never been addressed. To this end, experiments were conducted on male (M) and female (F) wild-type (WT) and sEH-knockout (KO) mice. Pressure-diameter relationships were assessed in isolated and cannulated coronary arteries. All vessels constricted in response to increases in intraluminal pressure from 60 to 120 mmHg. Myogenic vasoconstriction was significantly attenuated, expressed as an upward shift in the pressure-diameter curve of vessels, associated with higher cardiac EETs in M-KO, F-WT, and F-KO mice compared with M-WT controls. Blockade of EETs via exposure of vessels to 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (14,15-EEZE) prevented the attenuated myogenic constriction in sEH-KO mice. In the presence of 14,15-EEZE, pressure-diameter curves of females presented an upward shift from those of males, exhibiting a sex-different phenotype. Additional administration of N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester eliminated the sex difference in myogenic responses, leading to four overlapped pressure-diameter curves. Cardiac sEH was downregulated in F-WT compared with M-WT mice, whereas expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and CYP4A (20-HETE synthase) was comparable among all groups. In summary, in combination with NO, the increased EET bioavailability as a function of genetic deletion and/or downregulation of sEH accounts for the female-favorable attenuation of pressure-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghezal Froogh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Yicong Le
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Houli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Meng Luo
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - An Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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16
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Kandhi S, Qin J, Froogh G, Jiang H, Luo M, Wolin MS, Huang A, Sun D. EET-dependent potentiation of pulmonary arterial pressure: sex-different regulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1478-86. [PMID: 26498250 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00208.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that suppression of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) metabolism via genetic knockout of the gene for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-KO), or female-specific downregulation of sEH expression, plays a role in the potentiation of pulmonary hypertension. We used male (M) and female (F) wild-type (WT) and sEH-KO mice; the latter have high pulmonary EETs. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in control and in response to in vivo administration of U46619 (thromboxane analog), 14,15-EET, and 14,15-EEZE [14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(z)-enoic acid; antagonist of EETs] were recorded. Basal RVSP was comparable among all groups of mice, whereas MABP was significantly lower in F-WT than M-WT mice and further reduced predominantly in F-KO compared with M-KO mice. U46619 dose dependently increased RVSP and MABP in all groups of mice. The increase in RVSP was significantly greater and coincided with smaller increases in MABP in M-KO and F-WT mice compared with M-WT mice. In F-KO mice, the elevation of RVSP by U46619 was even higher than in M-KO and F-WT mice, associated with the least increase in MABP. 14,15-EEZE prevented the augmentation of U46619-induced elevation of RVSP in sEH-KO mice, whereas 14,15-EET-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction was comparable in all groups of mice. sEH expression in the lungs was reduced, paralleled with higher levels of EETs in F-WT compared with M-WT mice. In summary, EETs initiate pulmonary vasoconstriction but act as vasodilators systemically. High pulmonary EETs, as a function of downregulation or deletion of sEH, potentiate U46619-induced increases in RVSP in a female-susceptible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Kandhi
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; Department of Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Ghezal Froogh
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Houli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China; and Shanghai 9th Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - An Huang
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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