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Ward RX, Tilly TB, Mazhar SI, Robinson SE, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Wang J, Sabo-Attwood T, Wu CY. Mimicking the human respiratory system: Online in vitro cell exposure for toxicity assessment of welding fume aerosol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122687. [PMID: 32330784 PMCID: PMC7276288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In assessing the biological impact of airborne particles in vitro, air-liquid interface (ALI) exposure chambers are increasingly preferred over classical submerged exposure techniques, albeit historically limited by their inability to deliver sufficient aerosolized dose. A novel ALI system, the Dosimetric Aerosol in Vitro Inhalation Device (DAVID), bioinspired by the human respiratory system, uses water-based condensation for highly efficient aerosol deposition to ALI cell culture. Here, welding fumes (well-studied and inherently toxic ultrafine particles) were used to assess the ability of DAVID to generate toxicological responses between differing welding conditions. After fume exposure, ALI-cultured cells showed reductions in viability that were both distinct between welding conditions and linearly dose-dependent with respect to exposure time; comparatively, submerged cell cultures ran in parallel did not show these trends across exposure levels. DAVID delivers a substantial dose in minutes (> 100 μg/cm2), making it preferable over previous ALI systems, which require hours of exposure to deliver sufficient dose, and over submerged techniques, which lack comparable physiological relevance. DAVID has the potential to provide the most accurate assessment of in vitro toxicity yet from the perspectives of physiological relevance to the human respiratory system and efficiency in collecting ultrafine aerosol common to hazardous exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan X Ward
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Trevor B Tilly
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Syeda Irsa Mazhar
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Environmental Science, International Islamic University, Female Campus, Room No. 23, Hazrat Maryam Block, H-10 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sarah E Robinson
- Department of Environmental & Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, HPNP 4157, 1225 Center Dr, PO Box 100188, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | | | - Jun Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 801 Northeast 13thSt, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental & Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, HPNP 4157, 1225 Center Dr, PO Box 100188, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment, University of Florida, 1128 Center Dr, 220 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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