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Maillet D, Allioli N, Péron J, Plesa A, Decaussin-Petrucci M, Tartas S, Sajous C, Ruffion A, Crouzet S, Freyer G, Vlaeminck-Guillem V. Her2 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells Is Associated with Poor Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236014. [PMID: 34885125 PMCID: PMC8656805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-dependent signaling may support the development of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by activating androgen receptor signaling through ligand-independent mechanisms. From 41 mCRPC patients (including 31 treated with Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors [ARSI]), Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) were prospectively enriched with AdnaTest platform and analyzed with a multiplexed assay for HER2 and AR-V7 mRNA expression. Then, we evaluated the impact of HER2 expression on PSA-response, Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS). HER2 expression was detected in CTCs of 26 patients (63%). Although PSA response was similar regardless of HER2 status, patients with HER2 positive CTCs had shorter PSA-PFS (median: 6.2 months versus 13.0 months, p = 0.034) and radiological-PFS (6.8 months versus 25.6 months, p = 0.022) than patients without HER2 expression. HER2 expression was also associated with a shorter OS (22.7 months versus not reached, p = 0.05). In patients treated with ARSI, multivariate analyses revealed that the prognostic impact of HER2 status on PSA-PFS was independent of AR-V7 expression and of the detection of CTCs by an AdnaTest. We showed for the first time the poor prognostic value of HER2 expression in CTCs from patients with mCRPC. The therapeutic interest of targeting this actionable pathway remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Maillet
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM 1052 CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69373 Lyon, France;
- Centre d’Innovation en Cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY), UR3738, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69921 Oullins, France; (N.A.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-788-643-85
| | - Nathalie Allioli
- Centre d’Innovation en Cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY), UR3738, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69921 Oullins, France; (N.A.); (A.R.)
- Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Julien Péron
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
- Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, CNRS UMR 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Adriana Plesa
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
- Service d’Hématologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Myriam Decaussin-Petrucci
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
- Centre d’Innovation en Cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY), UR3738, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69921 Oullins, France; (N.A.); (A.R.)
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon-Sud-Charles Mérieux, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Sophie Tartas
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Christophe Sajous
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Alain Ruffion
- Centre d’Innovation en Cancérologie de Lyon (CICLY), UR3738, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69921 Oullins, France; (N.A.); (A.R.)
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon-Sud-Charles Mérieux, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France
- Service d’Urologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Sébastien Crouzet
- Service d’Urologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France;
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Freyer
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France; (J.P.); (A.P.); (M.D.-P.); (S.T.); (C.S.); (G.F.)
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon-Sud-Charles Mérieux, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM 1052 CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69373 Lyon, France;
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Sud, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
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2
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Peixoto GA, Korkes F, Pazeto CL, De Castro MG, Lima TFN, Wroclawski ML, Christofe NM, Tobias-Machado M, Santiago LHS, Glina S. The influence of testosterone suppression on HER2 immunoexpression in prostatic neoplastic tissue. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:185. [PMID: 34277004 PMCID: PMC8278412 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During initial risk assessments, the metastatic potential of prostate cancer (PCa) may not be fully considered. The tumor's multicentric origin, which is associated with genetic mutations, may explain existing treatment limitations. Investigating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in patients with different stages of PCa may therefore increase understanding of the mechanisms associated with the development of castration resistance. The present study examined the association between HER2 expression and the histologic features of PCa subjected to radical prostatectomy (RP) and evaluated the role of testosterone suppression in HER2 expression. In group 1, specimens from individuals who underwent RP without prior neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were included (n=42). In group 2 (PCa with ADT), specimens from individuals who underwent RP and received neoadjuvant cyproterone acetate during distinct periods (200 mg daily for 1-24 months) were included (n=150; cohort derived from a previous study). Immunohistochemical expression of HER2 was associated with prognostic factors such as perineural invasion, extra-prostatic disease, T stage, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), angiolymphatic invasion and surgical margins. Univariate regression analysis indicated that perineural invasion, PSA, International Society of Urological Pathology, angiolymphatic invasion, margin, T stage and neoadjuvant ADT was associated with HER2 expression. Ordinal regression analysis indicated a significant effect of neoadjuvant ADT alone on HER2 expression (P<0.001). In addition, regression analysis indicated a significant effect of neoadjuvant ADT alone on HER2 expression (odd ratio=0.01; 95% CI, 0.00, 0.02; P<0.001). HER2 was expressed in PCa samples but was not associated with known prognostic factors. The use of short-acting ADT and the consequent blockage of testosterone effect may suppress the expression of HER2 in PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Andrade Peixoto
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Korkes
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Linck Pazeto
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Langer Wroclawski
- Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Nicolle Martin Christofe
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01238-010, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tobias-Machado
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil
| | | | - Sidney Glina
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil.,Department of Urology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
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Jathal MK, Steele TM, Siddiqui S, Mooso BA, D'Abronzo LS, Drake CM, Whang YE, Ghosh PM. Dacomitinib, but not lapatinib, suppressed progression in castration-resistant prostate cancer models by preventing HER2 increase. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:237-248. [PMID: 31209328 PMCID: PMC6738116 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite overexpression of the ErbB (EGFR/HER2/ErbB3/ErbB4) family in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), some inhibitors of this family, including the dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitor lapatinib, failed in Phase II clinical trials. Hence, we investigated mechanisms of lapatinib resistance to determine whether alternate ErbB inhibitors can succeed. METHODS The CWR22 human tumour xenograft and its CRPC subline 22Rv1 and sera from lapatinib-treated CRPC patients from a previously reported Phase II trial were used to study lapatinib resistance. Mechanistic studies were conducted in LNCaP, C4-2 and 22Rv1 cell lines. RESULTS Lapatinib increased intratumoral HER2 protein, which encouraged resistance to this treatment in mouse models. Sera from CRPC patients following lapatinib treatment demonstrated increased HER2 levels. Investigation of the mechanism of lapatinib-induced HER2 increase revealed that lapatinib promotes HER2 protein stability, leading to membrane localisation, EGFR/HER2 heterodimerisation and signalling, elevating cell viability. Knockdown of HER2 and ErbB3, but not EGFR, sensitised CRPC cells to lapatinib. At equimolar concentrations, the recently FDA-approved pan-ErbB inhibitor dacomitinib decreased HER2 protein stability, prevented ErbB membrane localisation (despite continued membrane integrity) and EGFR/HER2 heterodimerisation, thereby decreasing downstream signalling and increasing apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Targeting the EGFR axis using the irreversible pan-ErbB inhibitor dacomitinib is a viable therapeutic option for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitreyee K Jathal
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Thomas M Steele
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Salma Siddiqui
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin A Mooso
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Leandro S D'Abronzo
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Christiana M Drake
- Department of Statistics, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Young E Whang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States.
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States.
- Department of Biochemistry-Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States.
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4
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Uemura K, Miyoshi Y, Kawahara T, Yoneyama S, Hattori Y, Teranishi JI, Kondo K, Moriyama M, Takebayashi S, Yokomizo Y, Yao M, Uemura H, Noguchi K. Prognostic value of a computer-aided diagnosis system involving bone scans among men treated with docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:109. [PMID: 26883015 PMCID: PMC4755022 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone scan index (BSI), which is obtained using a computer-aided bone scan evaluation system, is anticipated to become an objective and quantitative clinical tool for evaluating bone metastases in prostate cancer. Here, we assessed the usefulness of the BSI as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated using docetaxel. METHODS We analyzed 41 patients who received docetaxel for mCRPC. The Bonenavi system was used as the calculation program for the BSI. The utility of the BSI as a predictor of overall survival (OS) after docetaxel was evaluated. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the association between clinical variables obtained at docetaxel treatment, namely PSA, patient age, liver metastasis, local therapy, hemoglobin (Hb), lactase dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (Alb), PSA doubling time, and BSI and OS. RESULTS The median OS after docetaxel therapy was 17.7 months. Death occurred in 22 (53.7%) patients; all deaths were caused by prostate cancer. In multivariate analysis, three factors were identified as significant independent prognostic biomarkers for OS after docetaxel; these were liver metastases (yes vs no; HR, 3.681; p = 0.026), Alb (<3.9 vs ≥ 3.9; HR, 3.776; p = 0.020), and BSI (>1% vs ≤ 1%; HR, 3.356; p = 0.037). We evaluated the discriminatory ability of our models including or excluding the BSI by quantifying the c-index. The BSI improved the c-index from 0.758 to 0.769 for OS after docetaxel. CRPC patients with a BSI >1 had a significantly shorter OS than patients with a BSI ≤ 1 (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS The BSI, liver metastases and Alb were independent prognostic factors for OS after docetaxel. The BSI might be a useful tool for risk stratification of mCRPC patients undergoing docetaxel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Yasuhide Miyoshi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Shuko Yoneyama
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Hattori
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Jun-ichi Teranishi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Kondo
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Moriyama
- Department of Urology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Takebayashi
- Department of Radiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Yokomizo
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Yao
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Kazumi Noguchi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, 232-0024, Japan.
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Caffo O, Veccia A, Russo L, Galligioni E. Brain metastases from prostate cancer: an emerging clinical problem with implications for the future therapeutic scenario. Future Oncol 2013; 8:1585-95. [PMID: 23231520 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases from prostate cancer (PC) seem to be more frequent than in the past, possibly because advances in the treatment of patients with castration-resistant PC have prolonged their survival. Furthermore, docetaxel (the drug of choice for the first-line treatment of castration-resistant PC) cannot cross the blood-brain barrier and control metastatic foci. However, this problem may be overcome by new active drugs such as cabazitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Largo Medaglie d'Oro, 38100 Trento, Italy.
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6
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Codony-Servat J, Marín-Aguilera M, Visa L, García-Albéniz X, Pineda E, Fernández PL, Filella X, Gascón P, Mellado B. Nuclear factor-kappa B and interleukin-6 related docetaxel resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2013; 73:512-21. [PMID: 23038213 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work showed that the NF-κB survival pathway is activated by docetaxel (D) and contributes to D resistance in prostate cancer. In this study we aimed to investigate the dynamics of the relationship between NF-κB and IL-6 in the shift from D-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to D-resistance in patients and cell lines. METHODS CRPC tumor samples were tested for NF-κB/p65 and IL-6 by immunohistochemistry. CRPC patients treated with D were also tested for serum IL-6 (ELISA). Two D-resistant cell lines, PC-3R and DU-145R, derived from the CRPC cells PC-3 and DU-145, respectively, were tested for NF-κB activation (EMSA), NF-κB-related genes expression (RT-PCR), NF-κB inhibition (p65 siRNA) and IL-6 and IL-8 soluble levels (ELISA). RESULTS In CRPC patients treated with D (n = 72), pre-treatment IL-6 level correlated with nuclear NF-κB/p65 tumor staining and response to D, and was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. However, IL-6 level changes under treatment did not correlate with clinical outcome. In PC-3 and DU-145 parental CRPC cells, as well as in D-resistant counterparts, D treatment induced NF-κB activation. In fact, NF-κB inhibition was sufficient to re-sensitize DU-145R cells to D. Despite enhanced NF-κB activity, IL-6 secretion in D-resistant cell lines was reduced and not induced by D treatment. The same occurred with IL-8 cytokine. CONCLUSIONS These preclinical and clinical results support a role of NF-κB and IL-6 in the resistance to D in CRPC, and support the investigation of targeted therapies to enhance the antitumor activity of D in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Codony-Servat
- Medical Oncology Department and Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Hospital Clínic-Fundació Clínic per a la recerca Biomèdica, Barcelona, Spain
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Tobiume M, Yamada Y, Nakamura K, Aoki S, Zennami K, Kato Y, Nishikawa G, Yokoi T, Honda N. Significant prognostic factor of immunohistochemical HER-2 expression using initial prostate biopsy specimens with M1b prostate cancer. Prostate 2011; 71:385-93. [PMID: 20812221 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined whether human epidermal growth factor-2(HER-2) overexpression could be a useful marker of outcome after hormone therapy in patients with M1b prostate cancer (PC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS The subjects were 102 patients who were diagnosed with M1b PC at Aichi Medical University Hospital. HER-2 expression was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using initial needle biopsy specimens for diagnosis. The results were classified into four grades (0, 1+, 2+, 3+), and scores of 1+ or greater were considered overexpression and defined as positive. RESULTS The results showed a rating of 0 in 72 subjects, 1+ in 10, 2+ in 14, and 3+ in 6; 30 subjects (29.4%) were classified as HER-2 positive. Comparison of clinical data of HER-2 positive and negative subjects obtained at baseline revealed many of the subjects with high-grade tumors by Gleason score were HER-2 positive (P = 0.030). The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse was observed in 76 subjects and cause-specific death occurred in 44. A significant difference was observed only in the item HER-2 (negative vs. positive) by multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. The 5-year PSA relapse-free rate was 0% in subjects with HER-2 positive (26/30), and 43.9% in subjects with HER-2 negative (50/72, P = 0.0192). The 5-year cause-specific survival rate was 40.9% in subjects with HER-2 positive (30/102), and 67.3% in subjects with HER-2 negative (72/102, P = 0.0301). CONCLUSION HER-2 overexpression as determined by IHC staining using needle biopsy specimens for diagnosis with M1b PC is a significant prognostic factor for PSA relapse after hormone therapy and unfavorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Tobiume
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute-cho, Aichi, Japan
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8
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Bracarda S, Sisani M, Del Buono S, Ishiwa O, Montagnani F. Biologic tools to personalize treatment in genitourinary cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2011; 84 Suppl 1:e42-8. [PMID: 21232974 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genitourinary (GU) cancers are a major healthcare issue in modern oncology. In the last decade many efforts have been made to develop new treatment options but with the possible exception of renal cell carcinoma, very few steps ahead have been taken. At the same time, a wide variety of molecular markers, potentially helpful in identifying patient subpopulation most likely to benefit from a specific treatment have been identified. Our goal is to clarify if biomarkers could be used at present to personalize treatment for GU cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature was search using PubMed and EMBASE using different terms and combinations regarding possible prognostic and predictive markers in renal, prostate and urothelial cancers. RESULTS 3546 articles were retrieved. After excluding duplications, preclinical studies and factors without possible predictive value 654 publications remain. N-telopeptide, HER2/neu, EGFR, and p53 in prostate cancer, sVEGF-A for RCC and EMMPRIN and Survivin in urothelial cancer were among those identified. After a careful examination of published data, none of them reached a sufficient evidence to be suggested for use outside of clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS To date any reliable biomarkers has been validated for tailored treatments approaches in GU cancer. Future studies focusing on this issue are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Bracarda
- U.O.C. Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, San Donato Hospital, AUSL8 Arezzo, Italy.
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9
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Neto AS, Tobias-Machado M, Wroclawski ML, Fonseca FLA, Teixeira GK, Amarante RDM, Wroclawski ER, Del Giglio A. HER-2/
neu
Expression in Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Urol 2010; 184:842-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ary Serpa Neto
- Urologic Oncology Division, Department of Urology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tobias-Machado
- Urologic Oncology Division, Department of Urology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Langer Wroclawski
- Urologic Oncology Division, Department of Urology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Dal Moro Amarante
- Urologic Oncology Division, Department of Urology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Roger Wroclawski
- Urologic Oncology Division, Department of Urology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Auro Del Giglio
- Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, ABC Medicine School, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Institute, Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current treatment options for advanced urologic cancers demonstrate limited efficacy. To obtain optimal clinical results, there is a need for new, individualized, therapeutic strategies, which have only recently been applied to these malignancies. Nuclear medicine plays an important role in establishing imaging biomarkers necessary for personalized medicine. This review focuses on the current status of the 'image and treat' approach combining molecular imaging with targeted radionuclide therapy of urological malignancies RECENT FINDINGS Tumor-specific targets in uro-oncology are showing promising results for development of personalized therapy using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) molecular imaging and radioimmunotherapy. The antibody cG250, which binds to carbonic anhydrase IX, is being evaluated as a radiolabeled imaging and therapeutic agent in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. I-cG250 PET/CT has demonstrated excellent targeting of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Prostate-specific membrane antigen is a promising target for both PET/CT and radioimmunotherapy of prostate cancer. HER2 may be another potential target in bladder and prostate cancer. SUMMARY Tumor-specific targets and biomarkers are being studied for PET/CT and radioimmunotherapy. This may lead to development of new therapeutic strategies. However, considerable investment in new research will be required for personalized medicine to be routinely used in uro-oncology.
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11
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Molecular circuits of solid tumors: prognostic and predictive tools for bedside use. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2010; 7:367-80. [PMID: 20551944 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The explosion of knowledge in cancer biology in the past two decades has led to the identification of specific molecular circuits in solid tumors. These pathways reflect specific abnormalities thought to drive malignant progression. This knowledge has also generated a vast panel of cancer biomarkers although many of these biomarkers lack sufficient research and validation to be used in the clinic. This Review discusses relevant molecular prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers in the six leading tumors with the highest contribution to cancer mortality: breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic and ovarian cancer. Each biomarker is described according to its associated clinicopathological presentation and specific associated molecular interactions. Despite only few biomarkers being currently implemented in clinical practice, a new generation of predictors is emerging that could modify the classic organ-based cancer classification (for example, defects in DNA repair, aberrant MAPK signaling and aberrant PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling). The advent of high-throughput strategies will also probably substitute monobiomarker strategies.
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12
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Positron emission tomography/computed tomography and radioimmunotherapy of prostate cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2010; 21:469-74. [PMID: 19535981 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e32832d56e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traditional morphologically based imaging modalities are now being complemented by positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in prostate cancer. Metastatic prostate cancer is an attractive target for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) as no effective therapies are available. This review highlights the most important achievements within the last year in PET/CT and RIT of prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Conflicting results exist on the use of choline for detection of malignant disease in the prostate gland. The role of PET/CT in N-staging remains to be elucidated further. However, F-choline and C-choline PET/CT have been demonstrated to be useful for detection of recurrence. F-choline and F-fluoride PET/CT are useful for detection of bone metastases. Prostate tumor antigens may be used as targets for RIT. Prostate-specific membrane antigen is currently under focus of a number of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J591, a monoclonal antibody, which targets the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen, shows promising results. HER2 receptors may also have a potential as target for PET/CT imaging and RIT of advanced prostate cancer. SUMMARY PET/CT in prostate cancer has proven to play a significant role, in particular for detection of prostate cancer recurrence and bone metastases. RIT of metastatic prostate cancer warrants further investigations.
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13
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Mellado B, Codony J, Ribal MJ, Visa L, Gascón P. Molecular biology of androgen-independent prostate cancer: the role of the androgen receptor pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2009; 11:5-10. [PMID: 19155198 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-009-0304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) cells express the androgen receptor (AR) and need the presence of androgens to survive. Androgen suppression is the gold standard first-line therapy for metastatic disease. Almost all PC patients initially respond to hormonal therapy, but most of them gradually develop resistance to castration. There is evidence that these tumours that are considered castration-resistant continue to depend on AR signalling. Several mechanisms that enhance AR signalling in an androgen-depleted environment have been elucidated: (1) AR mutations that allow activation by low androgen levels or by other endogenous steroids, (2) AR amplification and/or overexpression, (3) increased local intracrine synthesis of androgens, (4) changes in AR cofactors and (5) cross-talk with cytokines and growth factors. Today, there are a number of novel agents targeting the AR signalling pathway under development, including more effective antiandrogens; inhibitors of CYP17, inhibitors of HSP90, inhibitors of histone deacetylases and inhibitors of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mellado
- Medical Oncology Department, ICMHO, Laboratory of Translational Oncology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Cengiz E, Karaca B, Kucukzeybek Y, Gorumlu G, Gul MK, Erten C, Atmaca H, Uzunoglu S, Karabulut B, Sanli UA, Uslu R. Overcoming drug resistance in hormone- and drug-refractory prostate cancer cell line, PC-3 by docetaxel and gossypol combination. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:1269-77. [PMID: 19288219 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a significant challenge of daily oncology practice. Docetaxel and gossypol both have antitumoral activity in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Our results revealed that docetaxel and gossypol were synergistically cytotoxic and apoptotic in PC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We further investigated the expression profiles of genes involved in drug resistance and metabolism with a Human Cancer Drug Resistance and Metabolism PCR Array (SuperArray). Six of the 84 genes that are known to regulate drug resistance, metabolism, cell cycle, DNA repair and oncogenesis were downregulated >or=3-fold change by the combination treatment. These results may be important in devising mechanism-based and targeted therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer, especially in devising combination therapy for drug resistant prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercument Cengiz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Tulay Aktas Oncology Hospital, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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15
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Festuccia C, Gravina GL, Muzi P, Millimaggi D, Dolo V, Vicentini C, Ficorella C, Ricevuto E, Bologna M. Her2 crosstalks with TrkA in a subset of prostate cancer cells: rationale for a guided dual treatment. Prostate 2009; 69:337-45. [PMID: 19016477 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no effective therapeutic treatment prevents prostate cancer (PCa) progression to more advanced and invasive disease forms. It has been demonstrated that the simultaneous high expression of p185(HER2) and TrkA might confer a proliferative advantage to PCa cells. METHODS In this work we verified the crosstalk between TrkA and Her2 signaling pathways and the effects of a combined treatment with Her2 and TrkA inhibitors. RESULTS NGF induced TrkA activation and stimulated cell proliferation of PCa cells. NGF induced also tyrosine phosphorylation of p185(HER2). This event was only partially inhibited by the pan Trk inhibitor, CEP-701 but was strongly blocked by pertuzumab, a humanized antibody blocking Her2 heterodimerization. In presence of NGF, TrkA and Her2 co-precipitated and this was dependent to the relative high cellular levels of TrkA since when cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with an antibody against Her2 the amount of TrkA were proportional to the cellular levels of this receptor. On the contrary when we immunoprecipitated using an antibody against TrkA the amount of Her2 seemed independent to cellular levels of Her2. So, combined treatment between CEP-701 and pertuzumab showed supra-additive effects in cells with higher levels of TrkA and Her2 suggesting once again that this was indicative of a higher response to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the dual inhibition of TrkA and Her2 may be useful in a subset of patients in which TrkA and Her2 are overexpressed and in which the possibility of TrkA and Her2 protein-binding is elevated.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Carbazoles/pharmacology
- Carbazoles/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Furans
- Male
- Mice
- Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptor Cross-Talk/drug effects
- Receptor Cross-Talk/physiology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/drug effects
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, trkA/drug effects
- Receptor, trkA/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Chair of General Pathology, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
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16
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Veltri RW, Isharwal S, Miller MC, Epstein JI, Mangold LA, Humphreys E, Partin AW. Long-term assessment of prostate cancer progression free survival: evaluation of pathological parameters, nuclear shape and molecular biomarkers of pathogenesis. Prostate 2008; 68:1806-15. [PMID: 18767028 PMCID: PMC2577716 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular pathways of proliferation, angiogenesis, neuroendocrine differentiation, apoptosis and alterations in nuclear structure of cancer epithelial cells are important in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of these parameters in 105 clinically localized PCa tumors with long-term follow-up after radical prostatectomy for progression-free survival (PFS). METHOD Nuclear roundness variance (NRV) was calculated for tumor nuclei using the graphic tracing DynaCELL system. Immunohistochemistry assessed expression of Ki67, PCNA (proliferation), Chromogranin A (neuroendocrine differentiation), CD31 (angiogenesis), BCL2 (apoptosis), and Her-2/neu (oncogene) in the tumors. Cox proportional hazards regression, Spearman's rank correlation, and Kaplan-Meier plots were employed to analyze the data. RESULTS Gleason score, focal vs. non-focal extra-prostatic extension, organ confined status, NRV, Her-2/neu, CD-31 and Ki67 were univariately significant predictors of PFS. NRV was the most significant prognostic indicator with the highest concordance index (0.7) for PFS. Gleason score, NRV and Her-2/neu were multivariately significant and yielded a concordance index of 0.77. CONCLUSION Her-2/neu oncogene and NRV were shown to be significant in the prediction of PFS. The assessment of alterations in nuclear structure using NRV proved to be the most significant factor in the prediction of PFS. Integration of image analysis-based NRV and molecular biomarkers with pathologic parameters should be considered for validation in the prediction of PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Veltri
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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17
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Isharwal S, Miller MC, Epstein JI, Mangold LA, Humphreys E, Partin AW, Veltri RW. Prognostic value of Her-2/neu and DNA index for progression, metastasis and prostate cancer-specific death in men with long-term follow-up after radical prostatectomy. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:2636-43. [PMID: 18767043 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal DNA content in tumor cells represents large scale chromosomal alterations and reflects later changes of genetic instability. Her-2/neu oncogene is amplified in 20-30% of breast and ovarian cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, we evaluated prognostic value of Her-2/neu expression and DNA content measurements in 252 clinically localized PCa patients with long-term follow-up after radical prostatectomy for progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death. Her-2/neu expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and DNA content measurements employed Feulgen-stained cancer nuclei captured using static image cytometry system. Cox proportional hazard regression and Kaplan-Meir plots were used to identify significant prognostic factors for progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death. The proportions of Her-2/neu positive and high %DNA index tumors significantly increased from nonprogressor to progressors without metastasis to progressors with metastasis (p < 0.0001; <0.0001). Further, the proportions of Her-2/neu positive and high %DNA index tumors significantly increased from patients who died from another cause without progression to those who died from another cause with progression to those died with PCa-specific death (p = 0.027; <0.0001). Her-2/neu expression and %DNA index were significant prognosticators for progression (p <or= 0.001), metastasis (p <or= 0.01) PCa-specific death (p <or= 0.04) in univariate analyses. Multivariately, Her-2/neu expression and %DNA index were also significant for progression (p = 0.001), metastasis (p = 0.001) and PCa-specific death (p = 0.02). When all other clinicopathologic information is available, the increment in concordance index by addition of either Her-2/neu or DNA index was approximately 2% and of both biomarkers was approximately 3% for progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death free survival models. Therefore, patients with Her-2/neu positive and high %DNA index are at a higher risk for disease progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death. Further, Her-2/neu expression and %DNA index may be used with clinicopathologic parameters for prediction of long-term prognosis in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Isharwal
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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18
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Abstract
Unregulated cellular proliferation, caused by mutation or dysregulation of growth-promoting proteins, is an underlying cause of cancer. Many such growth-promoting proteins exhibit an increased dependence on the activity of the chaperone heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) for correct folding and maturation in the cell. One can therefore envision that inhibition of Hsp90 would be an effective and broadly applicable strategy for the development of anticancer agents. Hsp90 functions in multichaperone complexes driven by the binding and hydrolysis of ATP. Encouraging results have been obtained by inhibiting Hsp90 with 17-AAG, an active-site binding ATP analog. Here we present the results of a different approach to inhibiting Hsp90 by disrupting its interaction with a cochaperone named Hsp organizing protein (HOP). We have used an AlphaScreen technology based high-throughput in vitro screen to identify compounds that inhibit this interaction. In addition, we demonstrate that these compounds are active in vivo. Treatment of human breast cancer cell lines BT474 and SKBR3 with these compounds decreases the levels of the Hsp90-dependent client protein HER2, with associated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yi
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry
| | - Lynne Regan
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 266 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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