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Li J, Zhang X, Shen J, Guo J, Wang X, Liu J. Bortezomib promotes apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells by regulating HSP27. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2410-2418. [PMID: 31322176 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of bortezomib on heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in multiple myeloma (MM) and provide a potential new target for clinical treatment. Peripheral blood was collected from 50 normal subjects and 50 patients with newly diagnosed MM and the expression of HSP27 was detected by ELISA. The changes of HSP27 after conventional vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (VAD) chemotherapy, and bortezomib plus VAD were compared. The effect of bortezomib on U266 cell proliferation and apoptosis was detected using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and Annexin V‑FITC/propidium iodide double staining with flow cytometry. The content of HSP27 following bortezomib treatment was determined by ELISA. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of HSP27, Bax and Bcl‑2. HSP27 expression was increased in patients with MM compared with healthy control subjects, and the expression was increased as the cancer progressed (P<0.05). Compared with the VAD chemotherapy group, the bortezomib plus VAD chemotherapy regimen significantly inhibited the expression of HSP27 (P<0.05), and the content of HSP27 was decreased in patients in which treatment was effective compared to those patients that exhibited disease progression (P<0.05). The efficacy of the treatment regimes was not associated with age or gender. Compared with the control group, bortezomib or OGX‑427 (HSP27 inhibitor) treatment inhibited U266 cell proliferation, promoted U266 cell apoptosis (P<0.05) and significantly decreased HSP27 expression (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of HSP27 and Bcl‑2 was significantly decreased, while the expression of Bax was increased by bortezomib and OGX‑427 (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the bortezomib and OGX‑427 group in the in vitro analysis. HSP27 was positively correlated with Bcl‑2 expression and negatively correlated with Bax expression in U266 cells. In conclusion, bortezomib promotes the apoptosis of MM cells, potentially by downregulating the expression of HSP27, providing a potential novel target for the clinical treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Shen
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqiang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
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Kokhaei P, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Mozaffari F, Moshfegh A, Pak F, Rashidy-Pour A, Palma M, Hansson L, Österborg A, Mellstedt H. Autologous T cells expressing the oncogenic transcription factor KLF6-SV1 prevent apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192839. [PMID: 29432497 PMCID: PMC5809069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between leukemic cells and the tumor microenvironment is of importance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). T cells seem to sustain the survival of CLL cells by various mechanisms. The Krüppel-like family of transcription factors (KLFs) are identified as regulators of proliferation and cell death. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of the wild type (WT) gene KLF6 and the oncogenic splice variant 1 (KLF6-SV1) at the mRNA level in subsets of T cells from CLL patients (n = 29), multiple myeloma patients (n = 6) and normal donors (n = 10). RNA Silencing was used for wtKLF6 and KLF6-SV1. Tumor cell apoptosis was measured. A significant overexpression of wtKLF6 and KLF6-SV1 in T cells of CLL patients compared to normal donors and myeloma patients was noted (p<0.002). Western blot showed that both wtKLF6 and KLF6-SV1 were expressed in purified T cells from CLL patients. KLF6-SV1 siRNA transfection induced a significant down-regulation of KLF6-SV1 in CLL T cells, which lost the capability to sustain the growth of leukemic cells. However, no such a significant effect was seen after wtKLF6 transfection of the autologous T cells. The results suggest that KLF6-SV1 may play a role in the regulation of survival CLL cells.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Factor 6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Kruppel-Like Factor 6/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Oncogenes
- Protein Isoforms/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transfection
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Kokhaei
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fariba Mozaffari
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Moshfegh
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fatemeh Pak
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Marzia Palma
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lotta Hansson
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Österborg
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Mellstedt
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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3
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Nahas MR, Avigan D. Challenges in vaccine therapy in hematological malignancies and strategies to overcome them. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:1093-104. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2016.1190828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Daneshmanesh AH, Mozaffari F, Moshfegh A, Hansson L, Razavi SM, Sharifian RA, Rabbani H, Österborg A, Mellstedt H, Shokri F. Spontaneous Immunity Against the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ROR1 in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142310. [PMID: 26562161 PMCID: PMC4642968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ROR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and several other malignancies but absent in most adult normal tissues. ROR1 is considered an onco-fetal antigen. In the present study we analysed spontaneous humoral and cellular immunity against ROR1 in CLL patients. Materials and Methods Antibodies against ROR1 were analysed in 23 patients and 20 healthy donors by ELISA and Western blot. Purified serum IgG from patients was tested for cytotoxicity against CLL cells using the MTT viability assay. A cellular immune response against ROR1 derived HLA-A2 restricted 9 aa and 16 aa long peptides were analysed using peptide loaded dendritic cells co-cultured with autologous T cells from CLL patients (n = 9) and healthy donors (n = 6). IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-17A-secreting T cells were assessed by ELISPOT and a proliferative response using a H3-thymidine incorporation assay. Results The majority of CLL patients had antibodies against ROR1. Significantly higher titers of anti-ROR1 antibodies were noted in patients with non-progressive as compared to progressive disease. The extracellular membrane-close ROR1 KNG domain seemed to be an immunodominant epitope. Ten patients with high titers of anti-ROR1 binding antibodies were tested for cytotoxicity. Five of those had cytotoxic anti-ROR1 antibodies against CLL cells. ROR1-specific IFN-γ and IL-17A producing T cells could be detected in CLL patients, preferentially in non-progressive as compared to patients with progressive disease (p<0.05). Conclusion ROR1 seemed to spontaneously induce a humoral as well as a T cell response in CLL patients. The data support the notion that ROR1 might be a specific neo-antigen and may serve as a target for immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antibodies/blood
- Antibodies/immunology
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-17/immunology
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Interleukin-5/immunology
- Interleukin-5/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Peptides/immunology
- Prognosis
- Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Daneshmanesh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fariba Mozaffari
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Moshfegh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lotta Hansson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Seyed Mohsen Razavi
- Clinic of Hematology and Oncology, Firozgar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramazan Ali Sharifian
- Clinic of Hematology and Oncology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hodjattallah Rabbani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anders Österborg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Mellstedt
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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McCann KJ, Godeseth R, Chudley L, Mander A, Di Genova G, Lloyd-Evans P, Kerr JP, Malykh VB, Jenner MW, Orchard KH, Stevenson FK, Ottensmeier CH. Idiotypic DNA vaccination for the treatment of multiple myeloma: safety and immunogenicity in a phase I clinical study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:1021-32. [PMID: 25982371 PMCID: PMC4506484 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on the safety and immunogenicity of idiotypic DNA vaccination in a phase I, non-randomised, open-label study in patients with multiple myeloma. The study used DNA fusion gene vaccines encoding patient-specific single chain variable fragment, or idiotype (Id), linked to fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin. Patients in complete or partial response following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant were vaccinated intramuscularly with 1 mg DNA on six occasions, beginning at least 6 months post-transplant; follow-up was to week 52. Fourteen patients were enrolled on study and completed vaccinations. Idiotypic DNA vaccines were well tolerated with vaccine-related adverse events limited to low-grade constitutional symptoms. FrC- and Id-specific T-cell responses were detected by ex vivo ELISPOT in 9/14 and 3/14 patients, respectively. A boost of pre-existing anti-FrC antibody (Ab) was detected by ELISA in 8/14 patients, whilst anti-Id Ab was generated in 1/13 patients. Overall, four patients (29 %) made an immune response to FrC and Id, with six patients (43 %) responding to FrC alone. Over the 52-week study period, serum paraprotein was undetectable, decreased or remained stable for ten patients (71 %), whilst ongoing CR/PR was maintained for 11 patients (79 %). The median time to progression was 38.0 months for 13/14 patients. Overall survival was 64 % after a median follow-up of 85.6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy J McCann
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre Southampton and Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Somers Cancer Research Building, Mailpoint 824, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK,
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Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow and the development of osteolytic bone lesions. MM has emerged as a paradigm within the cancers for the success of drug discovery and translational medicine. This article discusses immunotherapy as an encouraging option for the goal of inducing effective and long-lasting therapeutic outcome. Divided into two distinct approaches, passive or active, immunotherapy, which targets tumor-associated antigens has shown promising results in multiple preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooeun Bae
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Roehnisch T, Then C, Nagel W, Blumenthal C, Braciak T, Donzeau M, Böhm T, Flaig M, Bourquin C, Oduncu FS. Phage idiotype vaccination: first phase I/II clinical trial in patients with multiple myeloma. J Transl Med 2014; 12:119. [PMID: 24885819 PMCID: PMC4113220 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma is characterized by clonal expansion of B cells producing monoclonal immunoglobulins or fragments thereof, which can be detected in the serum and/or urine and are ideal target antigens for patient-specific immunotherapies. Methods Using phage particles as immunological carriers, we employed a novel chemically linked idiotype vaccine in a clinical phase I/II trial including 15 patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Vaccines composed of purified paraproteins linked to phage were manufactured successfully for each patient. Patients received six intradermal immunizations with phage idiotype vaccines in three different dose groups. Results Phage idiotype was well tolerated by all study participants. A subset of patients (80% in the middle dose group) displayed a clinical response indicated by decrease or stabilization of paraprotein levels. Patients exhibiting a clinical response to phage vaccines also raised idiotype-specific immunoglobulins. Induction of a cellular immune response was demonstrated by a cytotoxicity assay and delayed type hypersensitivity tests. Conclusion We present a simple, time- and cost-efficient phage idiotype vaccination strategy, which represents a safe and feasible patient-specific therapy for patients with advanced multiple myeloma and produced promising anti-tumor activity in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fuat S Oduncu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Rolinski J, Hus I. Breaking immunotolerance of tumors: a new perspective for dendritic cell therapy. J Immunotoxicol 2014; 11:311-8. [PMID: 24495309 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2013.865094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of dendritic cells (DC) in cancer immunotherapy is based on their potent abilities to present antigens, so they can act as 'natural adjuvants' to enhance immunogenicity of tumor antigens and stimulate specific cytotoxic T-cells. Large amounts of DC can be generated from bone marrow, neonatal cord blood, and peripheral blood CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells, or from peripheral blood monocytes. The DC can then be pulsed with tumor antigens and re-infused. In vitro, antigen-pulsed DC can stimulate allogeneic T-cell proliferation and induction of autologous specific cytotoxic T-cells; in vivo, the cells inhibit the growth of tumors or protect hosts (i.e. mice) from development of inoculated tumors. The results of preliminary clinical trials have shown that DC vaccines are safe and elicit immune responses; however, the rates of clinical responses are low. It has become quite clear that one key reason for unsatisfactory clinical results is tumor-induced immunosuppression. Among the factors contributing to this type of immunosuppression are populations of regulatory cells including: T-regulatory (T(reg)) cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and DC expressing 2,3-dioxygenase indoleamine (IDO-DC). This review presents an overview of the current understanding about populations of regulatory cells and the most current research efforts directed to overcome immunosuppressive activity due to the tumor microenvironment.
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Roehnisch T, Then C, Nagel W, Blumenthal C, Braciak T, Donzeau M, Böhm T, Bourquin C, Oduncu F. Chemically linked phage idiotype vaccination in the murine B cell lymphoma 1 model. J Transl Med 2013; 11:267. [PMID: 24152874 PMCID: PMC3819179 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B cell malignancies are characterized by clonal expansion of B cells expressing tumor-specific idiotypes on their surface. These idiotypes are ideal target antigens for an individualized immunotherapy. However, previous idiotype vaccines mostly lacked efficiency due to a low immunogenicity of the idiotype. The objective of the present study was the determination of the feasibility, safety and immunogenicity of a novel chemically linked phage idiotype vaccine. Methods In the murine B cell lymphoma 1 model, tumor idiotypes were chemically linked to phage particles used as immunological carriers. For comparison, the idiotype was genetically expressed on the major phage coat protein g8 or linked to keyhole limpet hemocynanin. After intradermal immunizations with idiotype vaccines, tolerability and humoral immune responses were assessed. Results Feasibility and tolerability of the chemically linked phage idiotype vaccine was demonstrated. Vaccination with B cell lymphoma 1 idiotype expressing phage resulted in a significant survival benefit in the murine B cell lymphoma 1 protection model (60.2 ± 23.8 days vs. 41.8 ± 1.6 days and 39.8 ± 3.8 days after vaccination with wild type phage or phosphate buffered saline, respectively). Superior immunogenicity of the chemically linked phage idiotype vaccine compared to the genetically engineered phage idiotype and keyhole limpet hemocynanin-coupled idiotype vaccine was demonstrated by significantly higher B cell lymphoma 1 idiotype-specific IgG levels after vaccination with chemically linked phage idiotype. Conclusion We present a novel, simple, time- and cost-efficient phage idiotype vaccination strategy, which represents a safe and feasible therapy and may produce a superior immune response compared to previously employed idiotype vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fuat Oduncu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstrasse 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
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Identification of novel myeloma-specific XBP1 peptides able to generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes: a potential therapeutic application in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2011; 25:1610-9. [PMID: 21660045 PMCID: PMC3483794 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of these studies was to identify HLA-A2+ immunogenic peptides derived from XBP1 antigens to induce a multiple myeloma (MM)-specific immune response. Six native peptides from non-spliced XBP1 antigen and three native peptides from spliced XBP1 antigen were selected and evaluated for their HLA-A2 specificity. Among them, XBP1184–192, XBP1 SP196–204 and XBP1 SP367–375 peptides showed the highest level of binding affinity, but not stability to HLA-A2 molecules. Novel heteroclitic XBP1 peptides, YISPWILAV or YLFPQLISV, demonstrated a significant improvement in HLA-A2 stability from their native XBP1184–192 or XBP1 SP367–375 peptide, respectively. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes generated by repeated stimulation of CD3+ T cells with each HLA-A2-specific heteroclitic peptide showed an increased percentage of CD8+ (cytotoxic) and CD69+/CD45RO+ (activated memory) T cells and a lower percentage of CD4+ (helper) and CD45RA+/CCR7+ (naïve) T cells, which were distinct from the control T cells. Functionally, the CTLs demonstrated MM-specific and HLA-A2-restricted proliferation, IFN-γ secretion and cytotoxic acivity in response to MM cell lines and importantly, cytotoxicty against primary MM cells. These data demonstrate the distinct immunogenic characteristics of unique heteroclitic XBP1 peptides which induce MM-specific CTLs and highlights their potential application for immunotherapy to treat the patients with MM or its pre-malignant condition.
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