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Kunishige M, Ichihara S, Kadota N, Okano Y, Machida H, Hatakeyama N, Naruse K, Shinohara T, Takeuchi E. Non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR (L858R and E709X) and CNNB1 mutations responded to afatinib. Thorac Cancer 2022; 14:423-426. [PMID: 36519636 PMCID: PMC9891858 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer with complex epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and CTNNB1 comutations is rare, and the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is generally poor. Here, we encountered a lung cancer patient with complex EGFR (L858R and E709X) and CTNNB1 comutations who successfully responded to afatinib. A 78-year-old woman visited our hospital with a cough and bloody sputum that had worsened over the past year. She had multiple mass shadows in both lungs and nodular shadows in the bronchi. The patient was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma cT4N3M1c stage IVB. A genetic analysis of the primary tumor using the Oncomine Dx target test multi-CDx system revealed positivity for EGFR (L858R and E709X) and CTNNB1 mutations. The expression of programmed death ligand 1 (22C3 clones) in tumor cells was negative by immunostaining. The patient was treated with afatinib as first-line therapy and achieved clinical improvement and a partial response and is continuing treatment 1 year later. Case reports of lung cancer patients with EGFR/CTNNB1 comutations are rare, and TKIs are not considered to be effective. We herein present the first case report of lung cancer with the co-occurrence of uncommon and complex EGFR (L858R and E709X) and CTNNB1 mutations that was successfully treated with afatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Kunishige
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Seiya Ichihara
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Naoki Kadota
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Yoshio Okano
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Hisanori Machida
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Nobuo Hatakeyama
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Keishi Naruse
- Department of PathologyNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
| | - Tsutomu Shinohara
- Department of Community Medicine for Respirology, Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Eiji Takeuchi
- Department of Clinical InvestigationNational Hospital Organization Kochi HospitalKochi cityKochiJapan
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Nauheim D, Moskal D, Renslo B, Chadwick M, Jiang W, Yeo CJ, Nevler A, Bowne W, Lavu H. KRAS mutation allele frequency threshold alters prognosis in right-sided resected pancreatic cancer. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:314-321. [PMID: 35333412 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides information on genetic mutations and mutant allele frequency in tumor specimens. We investigated the prognostic significance of KRAS mutant allele frequency in patients with right-sided pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treated with surgical resection. METHODS A retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent surgical resection for PDAC and analyzed tumors with an in-house mutational panel. Microdissected samples were studied using an NGS-based assay to detect over 200 hotspot mutations in 42 genes (Pan42) commonly involved in PDAC. RESULTS A total of 144 PDAC right-sided surgical patients with a Pan42 panel were evaluated between 2015 and 2020; 121 patients (84%) harbored a KRAS mutation. Detected mutant allele frequencies were categorized as less than 20% (low mKRAS, n = 92) or greater than or equal to 20% (high mKRAS, n = 29). High mKRAS (KRAS ≥ 20%) patients were noted to have shorter disease-free survival after surgery (11.5 ± 2.1 vs. 19.5 ± 3.5 months, p = 0.03), more advanced tumor stage (p = 0.02), larger tumors (3.6 vs. 2.7 cm, p = 0.001), greater tumor cellularity (26% vs. 18%, p = 0.001), and higher rate of distant recurrence (p = 0.03) than low mKRAS patients. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the importance of KRAS mutant allele frequency on pathological characteristics and prognosis in right-sided PDAC treated with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nauheim
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Moskal
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bryan Renslo
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Chadwick
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles J Yeo
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Avinoam Nevler
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wilbur Bowne
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harish Lavu
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang Q, Gao W, Gao F, Jin S, Qu T, Lin F, Zhang C, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Chen L, Guo R. Efficacy and acquired resistance of EGFR-TKI combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in a real-world setting. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:602. [PMID: 34034713 PMCID: PMC8152122 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the benefits and explore the cause of acquired resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and its combination with chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR mutation in a real-life setting. Methods This retrospective analysis included 117 advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation who underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) prior to treatment. The combination group included 50 patients who received the regimen of EGFR-TKI combined with chemotherapy, while the EGFR-TKI monotherapy group included 67 patients treated with TKI only. The primary endpoint of this study was progression-free survival (PFS); the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), response rate, and toxicity. Results The median PFS was significantly longer in the combination group than in the EGFR-TKI monotherapy group (19.00 months [95% CI, 14.67–23.33] vs. 11.70 months [95% CI, 10.81–12.59], p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a similar trend of results. The median OS was not reached in the combination group and was 38.50 (95% CI, 35.30–41.70) months in the EGFR-TKI monotherapy group (p = 0.586). Patients in the combination group were more likely to experience adverse events, most of which showed the severity of grade 1 or 2. T790M mutation remains the main reason for acquired resistance, and the frequency of T790M mutation was similar between the two groups (p = 0.898). Conclusions Compared with EGFR-TKI monotherapy, EGFR-TKI combined with chemotherapy significantly improved PFS in advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation, with acceptable toxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08291-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangyan Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shidai Jin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Qu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangning, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Friedlaender A, Tsantoulis P, Chevallier M, De Vito C, Addeo A. The Impact of Variant Allele Frequency in EGFR Mutated NSCLC Patients on Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:644472. [PMID: 33869038 PMCID: PMC8044828 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.644472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR mutations represent the most common currently targetable oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer. There has been tremendous progress in targeting this alteration over the course of the last decade, and third generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors offer previously unseen survival rates among these patients. Nonetheless, a better understanding is still needed, as roughly a third of patients do not respond to targeted therapy and there is an important heterogeneity among responders. Allelic frequency, or the variant EGFR allele frequency, corresponds to the fraction of sequencing reads harboring the mutation. The allelic fraction is influenced by the proportion of tumor cells in the sample, the presence of copy number alterations but also, most importantly, by the proportion of cells within the tumor that carry the mutation. Mutations that occur early in tumor evolution, often called clonal or truncal, have a higher allelic frequency than late, subclonal mutations, and are more often drivers of cancer evolution and attractive therapeutic targets. Most, but not all, EGFR mutations are clonal. Although an exact estimate of clonal proportion is hard to derive computationally, the allelic frequency is readily available to clinicians and could be a useful surrogate. We hypothesized that tumors with low allelic frequency of the EGFR mutation will respond less favorably to targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Friedlaender
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petros Tsantoulis
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Claudio De Vito
- Pathology Department, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Addeo
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Wei J, Meng P, Terpstra MM, van Rijk A, Tamminga M, Scherpen F, Ter Elst A, Alimohamed MZ, Johansson LF, Stigt J, Gijtenbeek RPG, van Putten J, Hiltermann TJN, Groen HJM, Kok K, van der Wekken AJ, van den Berg A. Clinical Value of EGFR Copy Number Gain Determined by Amplicon-Based Targeted Next Generation Sequencing in Patients with EGFR-Mutated NSCLC. Target Oncol 2021; 16:215-226. [PMID: 33606136 PMCID: PMC7935828 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-021-00798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical relevance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) copy number gain in patients with EGFR mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer on first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate EGFR copy number gain using amplicon-based next generation sequencing data and explored its prognostic value. PATIENTS AND METHODS Next generation sequencing data were obtained for 1566 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. EGFR copy number gain was defined based on an increase in EGFR read counts relative to internal reference amplicons and normal controls in combination with a modified z-score ≥ 3.5. Clinical follow-up data were available for 60 patients treated with first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. RESULTS Specificity and sensitivity of next generation sequencing-based EGFR copy number estimations were above 90%. EGFR copy number gain was observed in 27.9% of EGFR mutant cases and in 7.4% of EGFR wild-type cases. EGFR gain was not associated with progression-free survival but showed a significant effect on overall survival with an adjusted hazard ratio of 3.14 (95% confidence interval 1.46-6.78, p = 0.003). Besides EGFR copy number gain, osimertinib in second or subsequent lines of treatment and the presence of T790M at relapse revealed significant effects in a multivariate analysis with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.20-0.91, p = 0.028) and 0.24 (95% confidence interval 0.1-0.59, p = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pre-treatment EGFR copy number gain determined by amplicon-based next generation sequencing data predicts worse overall survival in EGFR-mutated patients treated with first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. T790M at relapse and subsequent treatment with osimertinib predict longer overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Wei
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Meng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC: EA10, Room F0-15, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Collaborative and Creative Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miente Martijn Terpstra
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke van Rijk
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC: EA10, Room F0-15, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Menno Tamminga
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Scherpen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC: EA10, Room F0-15, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arja Ter Elst
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC: EA10, Room F0-15, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Z Alimohamed
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lennart F Johansson
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Stigt
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Isala Clinic, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Rolof P G Gijtenbeek
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - John van Putten
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T Jeroen N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Kok
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anthonie J van der Wekken
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC: EA10, Room F0-15, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Can Quantitative Measures of T790M Allelic Fraction Predict Survival Outcomes in Patients Receiving Osimertinib? Observations From an Early Access Programme. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:e305-e314. [PMID: 33589348 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Multiple studies have shown conflicting results on the correlation between the EGFR T790M quantitative level and survival outcomes in osimertinib-treated patients. We sought to validate such correlations using data from an osimertinib early access programme (EAP) providing access for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients with limited treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS This observational, multicentre, retrospective analysis included EAP participants who received osimertinib until disease progression, intolerable toxicities or death. Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction-based quantitative plasma genotyping was carried out upon disease progression and data were analysed to explore the relationships between T790M mutant allele fraction (MAF), T790M copy number, MAF ratio and post-osimertinib overall survival. Real-world treatment outcomes and safety were also evaluated. RESULTS Data from 156 EAP participants were analysed (median follow-up 37.7 months). The median age was 62 years, 62.2% were women, 79.5% were never-smokers, 60.9% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1. In patients with available plasma data (n = 114), T790M MAF (%) showed no significant relationships with overall survival (hazard ratio 1.02; 95% confidence interval 0.99-1.04) or time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) (hazard ratio 1.01; 95% confidence interval 0.98-1.04). Absolute T790M copy number and T790M to activating EGFR mutation MAF ratio also showed no prognostic value. The investigator-assessed response rate was 42.3% and the disease control rate was 85.5%. The median TTD was 15.8 (95% confidence interval 12.5-18.5) months and the median overall survival was 22.3 (95% confidence interval 18.6-26.1) months. CONCLUSION T790M MAF did not correlate with TTD or overall survival in this EAP cohort but limitations should not be overlooked. Observed survival outcomes and the toxicity profile were consistent with data from other real-world series.
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Ai X, Cui J, Zhang J, Chen R, Lin W, Xie C, Liu A, Zhang J, Yang W, Hu X, Hu X, Zhao Q, Rao C, Zang YS, Ning R, Li P, Chang L, Yi X, Lu S. Clonal Architecture of EGFR Mutation Predicts the Efficacy of EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced NSCLC: A Prospective Multicenter Study (NCT03059641). Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:704-712. [PMID: 33188140 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clonal architecture is fundamental for the understanding of cancer biology and therapy; however, multiregional sampling in advanced-stage cancers is not always applicable. This prospective clinical trial was to investigate whether paired tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could describe the clonal architecture of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with clinical outcome (NCT03059641). PATIENTS AND METHODS Paired tumor and plasma ctDNA samples were sequenced by target-capture deep sequencing of 1,021 genes. Clonal dominance analysis was performed on the basis of PyClone. RESULTS Overall, 300 treatment-naïve patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC were recruited from 14 centers. Of the 94 patients with available ctDNA data for EGFR clonal architecture analysis, 72 (76.6%) showed EGFR as the dominant clone. The median progression-free survival was longer for these patients than for the 22 patients whose EGFR was nondominant clone [11 vs. 10 months; HR, 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24-0.88; P = 0.02]. The difference was more significant if both tissue and ctDNA defined EGFR as dominant clone (n = 43) versus those not (n = 8; 11 vs. 6 months; HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04-0.50; P = 0.003). Moreover, multivariate Cox proportional HR analysis demonstrated EGFR clonal architecture as an independent prognostic indicator of the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). CONCLUSIONS Paired tissue and ctDNA could be analyzed for clonal architecture in advanced cancer. EGFR mutations do not always make up a dominant clone in advanced NSCLC, which was associated with the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Ai
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jiexia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | | | - Wen Lin
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Anwen Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences (Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Shanxi Bethune Hospital), Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanxi Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Shulan Hangzhou Hospital, Affiliated Shulan International Medical College of Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chuangzhou Rao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy, Ningbo, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ruiling Ning
- Department of Medical Oncology of Respiratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | | | | | - Xin Yi
- GenePlus-Beijing, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shun Lu
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Fukasawa Y, Takano S, Fukasawa M, Maekawa S, Kadokura M, Shindo H, Takahashi E, Hirose S, Kawakami S, Hayakawa H, Yamaguchi T, Nakayama Y, Inoue T, Sato T, Enomoto N. Form-Vessel Classification of Cholangioscopy Findings to Diagnose Biliary Tract Carcinoma's Superficial Spread. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093311. [PMID: 32392821 PMCID: PMC7246671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate a newly developed peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) classification system by comparing classified lesions with histological and genetic findings. We analyzed 30 biopsied specimens from 11 patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) who underwent POCS. An original classification of POCS findings was made based on the biliary surface's form (F factor, 4 grades) and vessel structure (V-factor, 3 grades). Findings were then compared with those of corresponding biopsy specimens analyzed histologically and by next-generation sequencing to identify somatic mutations. In addition, the histology of postoperative surgical stumps and preoperative POCS findings were compared. Histological malignancy rate in biopsied specimens increased with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F1, 0%; F1, 25%; F3, 50%; F4, 62.5%; p = 0.0015; V1, 0%; V2, 20%; V3, 70%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant increase of the mutant allele frequency of mutated genes with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F factor, p = 0.0050; V-factor, p < 0.001). All surgical stumps were accurately diagnosed using POCS findings. The F-V classification of POCS findings is both histologically and genetically valid and will contribute to the methods of diagnosing the superficial spread of BTC tumors.
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Ham-Karim HA, Ebili HO, Manger K, Fadhil W, Ahmad NS, Richman SD, Ilyas M. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Validates the Use of Diagnostic Biopsies as a Suitable Alternative to Resection Material for Mutation Screening in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Diagn Ther 2020; 23:383-393. [PMID: 30741375 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-019-00388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutation testing in the context of neoadjuvant therapy must be performed on biopsy samples. Given the issue of tumour heterogeneity, this raises the question of whether the biopsies are representative of the whole tumour. Here we have compared the mutation profiles of colorectal biopsies with their matched resection specimens. METHODS We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis on 25 paired formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer biopsy and primary resection samples. DNA was extracted and analysed using the TruSight tumour kit, allowing the interrogation of 26 cancer driver genes. Samples were run on an Illumina MiSeq. Mutations were validated using quick-multiplex-consensus (QMC)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in conjunction with high resolution melting (HRM). The paired biopsy and resection tumour samples were assessed for presence or absence of mutations, mutant allele frequency ratios, and allelic imbalance status. RESULTS A total of 81 mutations were detected, in ten of the 26 genes in the TruSight kit. Two of the 25 paired cases were wild-type across all genes. The mutational profiles, allelic imbalance status, and mutant allele frequency ratios of the paired biopsy and resection samples were highly concordant (88.75-98.85%), with all but three (3.7%) of the mutations identified in the resection specimens also being present in the biopsy specimens. All 81 mutations were confirmed by QMC-PCR and HRM analysis, although four low-level mutations required a co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature (COLD)-PCR protocol to enrich for the mutant alleles. CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic biopsies are adequate and reliable materials for molecular testing by NGS. The use of biopsies for molecular screening will enhance targeted neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hersh A Ham-Karim
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq-Chaq-Qualaraisi, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Henry Okuchukwu Ebili
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK. .,Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria.
| | - Kirsty Manger
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Wakkas Fadhil
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Narmeen S Ahmad
- Clinical Oncology, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK.,Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research, Qirga, Sulaimani, KRG, Iraq
| | - Susan D Richman
- Department of Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Mohammad Ilyas
- Division of Pathology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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10
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Li Y, Zhang F, Yuan P, Guo L, Jianming Y, He J. High MAF of EGFR mutations and high ratio of T790M sensitizing mutations in ctDNA predict better third-generation TKI outcomes. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1503-1511. [PMID: 32285618 PMCID: PMC7262937 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical detection of EGFR‐TKI resistance mechanism through tissue can be really challenging due to risks associated with the procedure. Thus, liquid biopsy, especially circulation tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, can be an adequate source for biomarker testing in targeted therapy. Our study was aimed at clinical validation of liquid biopsy next‐generation sequencing (NGS) by comparison with tissue biopsy, and we also investigated clinical utility of ctDNA NGS on the prediction of TKI outcomes. Methods Using hybrid capture panel NGS, we compared the concordance, sensitivity, and specificity of ctDNA using 39 paired plasma and tissue biopsy, and investigated the association between ctDNA genomic alterations of 147 first‐generation TKI‐relapsed patients and their response to first‐ and third‐generation TKIs. Results The concordance for ctDNA and tissue biopsy was 84.62% among all patients, and even higher among late stage patients (88.24%). Among 147 EGFR‐TKI‐relapsed patients, T790M was the most common reason for resistance (40.13%). Compared with T790M‐positive patients, patients only detected with sensitizing mutations (sensi‐mutations) had lower mutant allele frequency (MAF) of sensi‐mutations (P = 0.031). TP53 mutation showed negative impact on TKI treatments. In survival analysis of third‐generation TKI, we found a positive correlation between ratio of T790M sensi‐mutation and PFS (P = 0.018); also, higher MAFs of both sensi‐mutation and T790M were observed in the PR group than the SD + PD group. Conclusions Both ratio of T790M sensi‐mutations and MAFs of EGFR mutations were associated with third‐generation TKI outcomes. Thus, incorporation of high‐throughput NGS into clinical trials may be crucial to identifying the response to osimertinib, as it provides more comprehensive genomic information. Key points High concordance of ctDNA and tissue biopsy was observed. NGS of ctDNA from 147 TKI‐relapsed patients showed that both high ratio of T790M sensitizing mutation (sensi‐mutation) and high MAFs of mutations were all associated with better third generation TKI treatment outcomes. The quantification of both MAFs and T790M sensi‐mutation ratio should be taken into consideration in some clinical situations, and incorporation of high‐throughput NGS into clinical trials may be crucial to identifying the response to osimertinib, as it provides more comprehensive genomic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Pathology and National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fanshuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology and National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Yuan
- Department of Pathology and National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology and National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jianming
- Department of Pathology and National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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11
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Nikbakht H, Jessa S, Sukhai MA, Arseneault M, Zhang T, Letourneau L, Thomas M, Bourgey M, Roehrl MHA, Eveleigh R, Chen EX, Krzyzanowska M, Moore MJ, Giesler A, Yu C, Bedard PL, Kamel-Reid S, Majewski J, Siu LL, Riazalhosseini Y, Graham DM. Latency and interval therapy affect the evolution in metastatic colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:581. [PMID: 31953485 PMCID: PMC6969060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
While comparison of primary tumor and metastases has highlighted genomic heterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC), previous studies have focused on a single metastatic site or limited genomic testing. Combining data from whole exome and ultra-deep targeted sequencing, we explored possible evolutionary trajectories beyond the status of these mutations, particularly among patient-matched metastatic tumors. Our findings confirm the persistence of known clinically-relevant mutations (e.g., those of RAS family of oncogenes) in CRC primary and metastases, yet reveal that latency and interval systemic therapy affect the course of evolutionary events within metastatic lesions. Specifically, our analysis of patient-matched primary and multiple metastatic lesions, developed over time, showed a similar genetic composition for liver metastatic tumors, which were 21-months apart. This genetic makeup was different from those identified in lung metastases developed before manifestation of the second liver metastasis. These results underscore the role of latency in the evolutionary path of metastatic CRC and may have implications for future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Nikbakht
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Selin Jessa
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Madeleine Arseneault
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tong Zhang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Letourneau
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariam Thomas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael H A Roehrl
- UHN Program in BioSpecimen Sciences, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Eveleigh
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric X Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Amanda Giesler
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Celeste Yu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lillian L Siu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. .,McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Donna M Graham
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Elez E, Chianese C, Sanz-García E, Martinelli E, Noguerido A, Mancuso FM, Caratù G, Matito J, Grasselli J, Cardone C, Esposito Abate R, Martini G, Santos C, Macarulla T, Argilés G, Capdevila J, Garcia A, Mulet N, Maiello E, Normanno N, Jones F, Tabernero J, Ciardello F, Salazar R, Vivancos A. Impact of circulating tumor DNA mutant allele fraction on prognosis in RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1827-1835. [PMID: 31322322 PMCID: PMC6717744 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the survival rate remains very poor. This study aims at exploring the prognostic value of RAS-mutant allele fraction (MAF) in plasma in mCRC. Forty-seven plasma samples from 37 RAS-mutated patients with nonresectable metastases were tested for RAS in circulating tumor DNA using BEAMing before first- and/or second-line treatment. RAS MAF was correlated with several clinical parameters (number of metastatic sites, hepatic volume, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA19-9 levels, primary site location, and treatment line) and clinical outcome [progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)]. An independent cohort of 32 patients from the CAPRI-GOIM trial was assessed for clinical outcome based on plasma baseline MAF. RAS MAF analysis at baseline revealed a significant correlation with longer OS [Hazard ratios (HR) = 3.514; P = 0.00066]. Patients with lower MAF also showed a tendency to longer PFS, although not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis showed RAS MAFs as an independent prognostic factor in both OS (HR = 2.73; P = 0.006) and first-line PFS (HR = 3.74; P = 0.049). Tumor response to treatment in patients with higher MAF was progression disease (P = 0.007). Patients with low MAFs at baseline in the CAPRI-GOIM group also showed better OS [HR = 3.84; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.5-9.6; P = 0.004] and better PFS (HR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.07-5.62; P = 0.033). This minimally invasive test may help in adding an independent factor to better estimate outcomes before initiating treatment. Further prospective studies using MAF as a stratification factor could further validate its utility in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Elez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Chianese
- Cancer Genomics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Sanz-García
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erica Martinelli
- Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 'F. Magrassi', Università della Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Napoli, Italy
| | - Alba Noguerido
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ginevra Caratù
- Cancer Genomics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Matito
- Cancer Genomics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julieta Grasselli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Claudia Cardone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 'F. Magrassi', Università della Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Napoli, Italy
| | - Riziero Esposito Abate
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Martini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Santos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Teresa Macarulla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Argilés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Capdevila
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Garcia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Mulet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Josep Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fortunato Ciardello
- Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 'F. Magrassi', Università della Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Napoli, Italy
| | - Ramon Salazar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Cancer Genomics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Rodriguez-Freixinos V, Ruiz-Pace F, Fariñas-Madrid L, Garrido-Castro AC, Villacampa G, Nuciforo P, Vivancos A, Dienstmann R, Oaknin A. Genomic heterogeneity and efficacy of PI3K pathway inhibitors in patients with gynaecological cancer. ESMO Open 2019. [PMID: 30962959 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000444] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation is common in gynaecological malignancies. However, predictive biomarkers of response to PI3K pathway inhibitors (PAMi) have yet to be identified. Methods We analysed the outcomes of patients with advanced gynaecological cancer with available genomic data, treated with PAMi as single agents or in combination in phase I clinical trials. Clinical relevance of the PIK3CA mutant allele fraction (MAF) was investigated. MAF of each variant was normalised for tumour purity in the sample (adjMAFs) to infer clonality of PIK3CA mutations, defined as clonal (≥0.4) or subclonal (<0.4). Results A total of 50 patients with gynaecological cancer (24 ovarian; 15 endometrial; 11 cervical) with available targeted mutation profiling were selected. PAMi therapy was matched to PIK3CA/PTEN mutation in 30 patients (60%). The overall response rate, median time to progression (mTTP) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) of the entire population were 10% (N=5), 3.57 months (2.57-4.4) and 40% (N=18), respectively. Genotype-matched therapy did not lead to a favourable CBR (OR 0.91, p=1 (0.2-3.7)) or mTTP (3.57 months (2.6-4.4) vs 3.73 months (1.9-13.2); HR 1.41; p=0.29). We did not detect differences in mTTP according to therapy or PIK3CA codon mutation (HR 1.71, p=0.24). Overall, 41% of patients had a TTP ratio (TTP PAMi/TTP on immediately prior or subsequent palliative chemotherapy) ≥1.3, without statistically significant differences according to tumour type (p=0.39), molecular alteration status (p=0.13) or therapy (p=0.54). In univariate analysis, genotype-matched therapy in patients with PIK3CA clonal events was associated with improved mTTP (HR 3.6; p=0.03). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that patients with advanced gynaecological cancer, refractory to standard therapies, achieved meaningful clinical benefit from PAMi. The impact of PI3KCA clonality on response to selected PAMi in patients with gynaecological cancer deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Rodriguez-Freixinos
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fiorella Ruiz-Pace
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Fariñas-Madrid
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Christina Garrido-Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Guillermo Villacampa
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Rodriguez-Freixinos V, Ruiz-Pace F, Fariñas-Madrid L, Garrido-Castro AC, Villacampa G, Nuciforo P, Vivancos A, Dienstmann R, Oaknin A. Genomic heterogeneity and efficacy of PI3K pathway inhibitors in patients with gynaecological cancer. ESMO Open 2019. [PMID: 30962959 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000444]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation is common in gynaecological malignancies. However, predictive biomarkers of response to PI3K pathway inhibitors (PAMi) have yet to be identified. METHODS We analysed the outcomes of patients with advanced gynaecological cancer with available genomic data, treated with PAMi as single agents or in combination in phase I clinical trials. Clinical relevance of the PIK3CA mutant allele fraction (MAF) was investigated. MAF of each variant was normalised for tumour purity in the sample (adjMAFs) to infer clonality of PIK3CA mutations, defined as clonal (≥0.4) or subclonal (<0.4). RESULTS A total of 50 patients with gynaecological cancer (24 ovarian; 15 endometrial; 11 cervical) with available targeted mutation profiling were selected. PAMi therapy was matched to PIK3CA/PTEN mutation in 30 patients (60%). The overall response rate, median time to progression (mTTP) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) of the entire population were 10% (N=5), 3.57 months (2.57-4.4) and 40% (N=18), respectively. Genotype-matched therapy did not lead to a favourable CBR (OR 0.91, p=1 (0.2-3.7)) or mTTP (3.57 months (2.6-4.4) vs 3.73 months (1.9-13.2); HR 1.41; p=0.29). We did not detect differences in mTTP according to therapy or PIK3CA codon mutation (HR 1.71, p=0.24). Overall, 41% of patients had a TTP ratio (TTP PAMi/TTP on immediately prior or subsequent palliative chemotherapy) ≥1.3, without statistically significant differences according to tumour type (p=0.39), molecular alteration status (p=0.13) or therapy (p=0.54). In univariate analysis, genotype-matched therapy in patients with PIK3CA clonal events was associated with improved mTTP (HR 3.6; p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that patients with advanced gynaecological cancer, refractory to standard therapies, achieved meaningful clinical benefit from PAMi. The impact of PI3KCA clonality on response to selected PAMi in patients with gynaecological cancer deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Rodriguez-Freixinos
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fiorella Ruiz-Pace
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Fariñas-Madrid
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Christina Garrido-Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Guillermo Villacampa
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.,Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Rodriguez-Freixinos V, Ruiz-Pace F, Fariñas-Madrid L, Garrido-Castro AC, Villacampa G, Nuciforo P, Vivancos A, Dienstmann R, Oaknin A. Genomic heterogeneity and efficacy of PI3K pathway inhibitors in patients with gynaecological cancer. ESMO Open 2019; 4:e000444. [PMID: 30962959 PMCID: PMC6435251 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation is common in gynaecological malignancies. However, predictive biomarkers of response to PI3K pathway inhibitors (PAMi) have yet to be identified. METHODS We analysed the outcomes of patients with advanced gynaecological cancer with available genomic data, treated with PAMi as single agents or in combination in phase I clinical trials. Clinical relevance of the PIK3CA mutant allele fraction (MAF) was investigated. MAF of each variant was normalised for tumour purity in the sample (adjMAFs) to infer clonality of PIK3CA mutations, defined as clonal (≥0.4) or subclonal (<0.4). RESULTS A total of 50 patients with gynaecological cancer (24 ovarian; 15 endometrial; 11 cervical) with available targeted mutation profiling were selected. PAMi therapy was matched to PIK3CA/PTEN mutation in 30 patients (60%). The overall response rate, median time to progression (mTTP) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) of the entire population were 10% (N=5), 3.57 months (2.57-4.4) and 40% (N=18), respectively. Genotype-matched therapy did not lead to a favourable CBR (OR 0.91, p=1 (0.2-3.7)) or mTTP (3.57 months (2.6-4.4) vs 3.73 months (1.9-13.2); HR 1.41; p=0.29). We did not detect differences in mTTP according to therapy or PIK3CA codon mutation (HR 1.71, p=0.24). Overall, 41% of patients had a TTP ratio (TTP PAMi/TTP on immediately prior or subsequent palliative chemotherapy) ≥1.3, without statistically significant differences according to tumour type (p=0.39), molecular alteration status (p=0.13) or therapy (p=0.54). In univariate analysis, genotype-matched therapy in patients with PIK3CA clonal events was associated with improved mTTP (HR 3.6; p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that patients with advanced gynaecological cancer, refractory to standard therapies, achieved meaningful clinical benefit from PAMi. The impact of PI3KCA clonality on response to selected PAMi in patients with gynaecological cancer deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Rodriguez-Freixinos
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fiorella Ruiz-Pace
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Fariñas-Madrid
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Christina Garrido-Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Guillermo Villacampa
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Tian P, Wang Y, Wang W, Li Y, Wang K, Cheng X, Tang Y, Han-Zhang H, Ye J, Chuai S, Li W. High-throughput sequencing reveals distinct genetic features and clinical implications of NSCLC with de novo and acquired EGFR T790M mutation. Lung Cancer 2018; 124:205-210. [PMID: 30268462 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION De novo T790 M mutation in EGFR has been reported in various studies. However, its genetic characteristics and association with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment response remain poorly studied. METHODS We retrospectively screened 1228 consecutive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and identified 29 de novo T790 M carriers. Capture-based targeted deep sequencing was conducted on 21 eligible samples as well as a 20-sample cohort with acquired T790 M mutation after EGFR-TKIs treatment. We characterized and compared their mutational profiles using a panel consisting of 168 lung cancer-related genes. RESULTS De novo T790 M mutation was found in 5.8% of the TKI-naive patients harboring EGFR activating mutations. Among the de novo T790 M samples, T790 M was significantly more likely to coexist with L858R than with 19del (76.2% vs. 23.8%) compared to the acquired T790 M cohort (30.0% vs. 70.0%) (p = 0.003). These two groups harbored different concurrent gene mutations as well. Notably, the ratio of allele frequency (AF) of the T790 M mutation to the EGFR activating mutation in each patient, defined as the T790 M relative AF (RAF), differed significantly between the de novo and acquired T790 M cohorts (86.1% vs. 22.3%, p < 0.0001). Among the 10 patients with de novo T790 M who received the 1st-generation EGFR-TKIs treatment, interestingly, the only one who achieved partial response (PR) had the lowest T790 M RAF of 19.7%. The other 9 patients with an average T790 M RAF of 85.9% (±22.6%) achieved stable disease or progressive disease as the best response. One patient, treated with osimertinib after erlotinib failure, achieved PR and the therapeutic response sustained for more than 14.5 months. CONCLUSION The molecular characteristics of de novo T790 M carriers differ distinctly from acquired T790 M carriers. The RAF of EGFR T790 M mutation may serve as a predictive biomarker for treatment response to EGFR-TKIs. Osimertinib is potentially an effective drug for the treatment of NSCLC with de novo T790 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panwen Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Lung Cancer Treatment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Lung Cancer Treatment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yalun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Lung Cancer Treatment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Han-Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junyi Ye
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shannon Chuai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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17
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Yang N, Li Y, Liu Z, Qin H, Du D, Cao X, Cao X, Li J, Li D, Jiang B, Duan L, Yang H, Zhang Z, Lin H, Li J, Yang Z, Xiong L, Shen H, Lin L, Li F. The characteristics of ctDNA reveal the high complexity in matching the corresponding tumor tissues. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:319. [PMID: 29566644 PMCID: PMC5865353 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an efficient and sensitive method to detect mutations from ctDNA. Many features and clinical conditions could significantly affect the concordance between ctDNA and corresponding tumor tissues. Our goal was to systematically investigate the critical factors contributing to different concordance between ctDNA and corresponding tumor tissues. METHODS We recruited two groups of IIIB or IV lung cancer patients: The standard group to evaluate the accuracy of our method and the concordance between ctDNA and tumor tissues, and the study group with various clinical conditions. We applied our unique identification (UID) indexed capturing-based sequencing (UC-Seq) to ctDNA samples, and confirm the results by Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). RESULTS Considering mutations detected from NGS of tumor tissues as golden standard, UC-Seq achieved overall 93.6% sensitivity for SNVs and Indels, and 0.8 Pearson correlation between tumor TMB and bTMB. Efficacious treatments, long sampling date (more than 2 weeks) between tumor tissues and ctDNA and low concentrations of cfDNA (less than 9 ng/ml) could significantly decrease the concordance between ctDNA and tumor tissues. About 84% mutations showed shorter mutant fragment length than that of wild-type fragments, and the AFs of mutations could be significantly enriched in small-size ctDNA. CONCLUSIONS In late-stage lung cancer patients, ctDNA generally has high concordance with tumor tissues. However it could be significantly affected by three clinical conditions which could dynamically change the content of ctDNA. Moreover, the detection limit could be further extended by enriching small-size ctDNA in the preparation of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nong Yang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Yunnan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Qin
- The Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicine Inc, Shanghai, China
| | - Duanming Du
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (First Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinkai Cao
- The Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicine Inc, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cao
- Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Yunnan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Dongge Li
- Department of Oncology, Yunnan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Cadre’s Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University(Yunnan Cancer Hospital), Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenghua Zhang
- Department of oncology, Jing’An District Centre Hospital of Shanghai (Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing’An Branch), Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital north, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- The Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicine Inc, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of Oncology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fugen Li
- The Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicine Inc, Shanghai, China
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18
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Rachiglio AM, Esposito Abate R, Sacco A, Pasquale R, Fenizia F, Lambiase M, Morabito A, Montanino A, Rocco G, Romano C, Nappi A, Iaffaioli RV, Tatangelo F, Botti G, Ciardiello F, Maiello MR, De Luca A, Normanno N. Limits and potential of targeted sequencing analysis of liquid biopsy in patients with lung and colon carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66595-66605. [PMID: 27448974 PMCID: PMC5341823 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circulating free tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents an alternative, minimally invasive source of tumor DNA for molecular profiling. Targeted sequencing with next generation sequencing (NGS) can assess hundred mutations starting from a low DNA input. We performed NGS analysis of ctDNA from 44 patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and 35 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC). NGS detected EGFR mutations in 17/22 plasma samples from EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients (sensitivity 77.3%). The concordance rate between tissue and plasma in NSCLC was much lower for other mutations such as KRAS that, based on the allelic frequency and the fraction of neoplastic cells, were likely to be sub-clonal. NGS also identified EGFR mutations in plasma samples from two patients with EGFR wild type tumor tissue. Both mutations were confirmed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in both plasma and tissue samples. In CRC, the sensitivity of the NGS plasma analysis for RAS mutations was 100% (6/6) in patients that had not resection of the primary tumor before blood drawing, and 46.2% (6/13) in patients with primary tumor resected before enrollment. Our study showed that NGS is a suitable method for plasma testing. However, its clinical sensitivity is significantly affected by the presence of the primary tumor and by the heterogeneity of driver mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Rachiglio
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Riziero Esposito Abate
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacco
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pasquale
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Fenizia
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Matilde Lambiase
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morabito
- Thoraco-Pulmonary, Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Montanino
- Thoraco-Pulmonary, Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Rocco
- Thoracic Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Romano
- Gastro-Intestinal Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Nappi
- Gastro-Intestinal Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli
- Gastro-Intestinal Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Tatangelo
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 'F. Magrassi' - Medical Oncology, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Monica R Maiello
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Luca
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.,Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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19
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Droplet digital PCR-based EGFR mutation detection with an internal quality control index to determine the quality of DNA. Sci Rep 2018; 8:543. [PMID: 29323170 PMCID: PMC5765147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical translational research and molecular in vitro diagnostics, a major challenge in the detection of genetic mutations is overcoming artefactual results caused by the low-quality of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET)-derived DNA (FFPET-DNA). Here, we propose the use of an ‘internal quality control (iQC) index’ as a criterion for judging the minimum quality of DNA for PCR-based analyses. In a pre-clinical study comparing the results from droplet digital PCR-based EGFR mutation test (ddEGFR test) and qPCR-based EGFR mutation test (cobas EGFR test), iQC index ≥ 0.5 (iQC copies ≥ 500, using 3.3 ng of FFPET-DNA [1,000 genome equivalents]) was established, indicating that more than half of the input DNA was amplifiable. Using this criterion, we conducted a retrospective comparative clinical study of the ddEGFR and cobas EGFR tests for the detection of EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) FFPET-DNA samples. Compared with the cobas EGFR test, the ddEGFR test exhibited superior analytical performance and equivalent or higher clinical performance. Furthermore, iQC index is a reliable indicator of the quality of FFPET-DNA and could be used to prevent incorrect diagnoses arising from low-quality samples.
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20
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Wang J, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Zhang L, Shi J, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He J, Shi Y, Yu H, Zhao Y, Chen W, Luo Y, Wang X, Nan K, Jin F, Dong J, Li B, Liu Z, Han B, Li K. Prognostic factors of refractory NSCLC patients receiving anlotinib hydrochloride as the third- or further-line treatment. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:443-451. [PMID: 30766754 PMCID: PMC6372914 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Anlotinib hydrochloride is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, c-Kit, and c-MET; therefore, it exhibits both antitumor and anti-angiogenetic activities. A phase III trial has shown that anlotinib improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who presented with progressive disease or intolerance after standard chemotherapy. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of patients receiving anlotinib treatment to determine the dominant populations who are fit for the treatment. Methods: Data were collected from March 2015 to January 2017 from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase III trial of anlotinib (ALTER0303). A total of 437 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated (2:1) to the anlotinib and placebo groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare PFS and OS. Cox proportional hazards model was adopted for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results: Multivariate analysis indicated that high post-therapeutic peripheral blood granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels were independent risk factors for PFS. Meanwhile, elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone, blood glucose, and triglyceride levels; hypertension; and hand–foot syndrome were independent protective factors of PFS. High post-therapeutic peripheral blood granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ≥ 2, and the sum of the maximal target lesion length at baseline were independent risk factors of OS, and hypertriglyceridemia was an independent protective factor of OS. Conclusions: This study preliminarily explored the possible factors that affected PFS and OS after anlotinib treatment in patients with advanced refractory NSCLC, and the baseline characteristics of the therapeutically dominant populations were then identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yizhuo Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai 230030, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Province Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730 China
| | - Jianhua Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi 276001, China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lanzhou Military General Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 220633, China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Kejun Nan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Faguang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Tang Du Hospital, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Baolan Li
- General Department, Capital Medical University Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Zhujun Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai 230030, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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21
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Attili I, Passaro A, Pavan A, Conte P, De Marinis F, Bonanno L. Combination immunotherapy strategies in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Does biological rationale meet clinical needs? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 119:30-39. [PMID: 29065983 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as one of the main new therapeutic options for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Even though they demonstrated superiority towards standard chemotherapy in different disease settings, the response rates do not exceed 45% in highly molecularly selected patients. This is related to known limitations of the available biomarkers, as well to the complex and dynamic nature of tumor microenvironment. The study of the different strategies adopted by tumor cells to escape the immune system lays the basis of the new combination strategies. This review focuses on analyzing the biological rationale and early clinical data available concerning therapeutic strategies combining ICIs together, ICIs with different regimens and schedules of standard chemotherapy, ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, ICIs with antiangiogenic agents and ICs with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Attili
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institue of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Pavan
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - PierFranco Conte
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo De Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institue of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanno
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
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22
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Li X, Cai W, Yang G, Su C, Ren S, Zhao C, Hu R, Chen X, Gao G, Guo Z, Li W, Zhou C, Hirsch FR. Comprehensive Analysis of EGFR-Mutant Abundance and Its Effect on Efficacy of EGFR TKIs in Advanced NSCLC with EGFR Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Dienstmann R, Elez E, Argiles G, Matos I, Sanz-Garcia E, Ortiz C, Macarulla T, Capdevila J, Alsina M, Sauri T, Verdaguer H, Vilaro M, Ruiz-Pace F, Viaplana C, Garcia A, Landolfi S, Palmer HG, Nuciforo P, Rodon J, Vivancos A, Tabernero J. Analysis of mutant allele fractions in driver genes in colorectal cancer - biological and clinical insights. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1263-1272. [PMID: 28618197 PMCID: PMC5579330 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of tumors is now routine and guides personalized cancer therapy. Mutant allele fractions (MAFs, or the ‘mutation dose’) of a driver gene may reveal the genomic structure of tumors and influence response to targeted therapies. We performed a comprehensive analysis of MAFs of driver alterations in unpaired primary and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) at our institution from 2010 to 2015 and studied their potential clinical relevance. Of 763 CRC samples, 622 had detailed annotation on overall survival in the metastatic setting (OSmet) and 89 received targeted agents matched to KRAS (MEK inhibitors), BRAF (BRAF inhibitors), or PIK3CA mutations (PI3K pathway inhibitors). MAFs of each variant were normalized for tumor purity in the sample (adjMAFs). We found lower adjMAFs for BRAFV600E and PIK3CA than for KRAS,NRAS, and BRAF non‐V600 variants. TP53 and BRAFV600E adjMAFs were higher in metastases as compared to primary tumors, and high KRAS adjMAFs were found in CRC metastases of patients with KRAS wild‐type primary tumors previously exposed to EGFR antibodies. Patients with RAS‐ or BRAFV600E‐mutated tumors, irrespective of adjMAFs, had worse OSmet. There was no significant association between adjMAFs and time to progression on targeted therapies matched to KRAS,BRAF, or PIK3CA mutations, potentially related to the limited antitumor activity of the employed drugs (overall response rate of 4.5%). In conclusion, the lower BRAFV600E and PIK3CA adjMAFs in subsets of primary CRC tumors indicate subclonality of these driver genes. Differences in adjMAFs between metastases and primary tumors suggest that approved therapies may result in selection of BRAFV600E‐ and KRAS‐resistant clones and an increase in genomic heterogeneity with acquired TP53 alterations. Despite significant differences in prognosis according to mutations in driver oncogenes, adjMAFs levels did not impact on survival and did not help predict benefit with matched targeted agents in the metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Elez
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Argiles
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Matos
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Sanz-Garcia
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Ortiz
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Macarulla
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Capdevila
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Alsina
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamara Sauri
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Verdaguer
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vilaro
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fiorella Ruiz-Pace
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Viaplana
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Garcia
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Landolfi
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector G Palmer
- Stem Cells and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Molecular Therapeutics Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Watanabe M, Kawaguchi T, Isa SI, Ando M, Tamiya A, Kubo A, Saka H, Takeo S, Adachi H, Tagawa T, Kawashima O, Yamashita M, Kataoka K, Ichinose Y, Takeuchi Y, Watanabe K, Matsumura A, Koh Y. Multiplex Ultrasensitive Genotyping of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations by Means of Picodroplet Digital PCR. EBioMedicine 2017. [PMID: 28625519 PMCID: PMC5514407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have been used as the strongest predictor of effectiveness of treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Three most common EGFR mutations (L858R, exon 19 deletion, and T790M) are known to be major selection markers for EGFR-TKIs therapy. Here, we developed a multiplex picodroplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to detect 3 common EGFR mutations in 1 reaction. Serial-dilution experiments with genomic DNA harboring EGFR mutations revealed linear performance, with analytical sensitivity ~0.01% for each mutation. All 33 EGFR-activating mutations detected in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples by the conventional method were also detected by this multiplex assay. Owing to the higher sensitivity, an additional mutation (T790M; including an ultra-low-level mutation, <0.1%) was detected in the same reaction. Regression analysis of the duplex assay and multiplex assay showed a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9986 for L858R, 0.9844 for an exon 19 deletion, and 0.9959 for T790M. Using ddPCR, we designed a multiplex ultrasensitive genotyping platform for 3 common EGFR mutations. Results of this proof-of-principle study on clinical samples indicate clinical utility of multiplex ddPCR for screening for multiple EGFR mutations concurrently with an ultra-rare pretreatment mutation (T790M).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Watanabe
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Isa
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihito Kubo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideo Saka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sadanori Takeo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Adachi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tagawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Osamu Kawashima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shibukawa Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Motohiro Yamashita
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kataoka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukito Ichinose
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Takeuchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuya Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihide Matsumura
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koh
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan.
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25
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Normanno N, Maiello MR, Chicchinelli N, Iannaccone A, Esposito C, De Cecio R, D’alessio A, De Luca A. Targeting the EGFR T790M mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:159-165. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1272582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Rosaria Maiello
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Chicchinelli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Iannaccone
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Esposito
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, CROM-Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella De Cecio
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia D’alessio
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Luca
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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26
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Bonanno L, Calabrese F, Nardo G, Calistri D, Tebaldi M, Tedaldi G, Polo V, Vuljan S, Favaretto A, Conte P, Amadori A, Rea F, Indraccolo S. Morphological and genetic heterogeneity in multifocal lung adenocarcinoma: The case of a never-smoker woman. Lung Cancer 2016; 96:52-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Xu X, Yang Y, Li H, Chen Z, Jiang G, Fei K. Assessment of the clinical application of detecting EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using next-generation sequencing. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:386-92. [PMID: 27215271 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1183813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been widely applied in clinical research, while its application in routine clinical molecular testing requires careful validation. The aim of our study was to assess the clinical usefulness of the NextDaySeq Lung panel on Ion Torrent™ PGM in mutation detection of actionable genes in lung cancer. METHODS The NextDaySeq assay was evaluated by blinded comparisons to Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assays with 188 consecutive samples from Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to detect mutations in EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA and BRAF. Discordant variants were further validated by Sanger sequencing and independent qPCR and NGS assays. RESULTS Our results showed 93.3% concordance of reportable variants mutually covered in both NGS and qPCR assays, with a clinical sensitivity of 89.9%, specificity of 97.5%. Through the comparison, the NGS assays demonstrated its advantages in offering more clinical relevant information, such as detecting non-hotspot mutations and providing mutation allele frequencies (MAF) and accurate mutation sequences. The analytical sensitivity of NGS to detect mutations with low MAF needs further improvement. CONCLUSIONS The NextDaySeq Lung panel exhibited good clinical performance, strongly supporting the implementation of the NGS assay in routine clinical use to facilitate therapeutic decision-making for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Xu
- a Department of Thoracic Surgery , Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- a Department of Thoracic Surgery , Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- b Beijing ACCB Biotech Ltd , Haidian District , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- b Beijing ACCB Biotech Ltd , Haidian District , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Gening Jiang
- a Department of Thoracic Surgery , Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
| | - Ke Fei
- c Lung Cancer Diagnosis & Treatment Center , Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University , Shanghai , P. R. China
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28
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Fenizia F, De Luca A, Pasquale R, Sacco A, Forgione L, Lambiase M, Iannaccone A, Chicchinelli N, Franco R, Rossi A, Morabito A, Rocco G, Piccirillo MC, Normanno N. EGFR mutations in lung cancer: from tissue testing to liquid biopsy. Future Oncol 2016; 11:1611-23. [PMID: 26043215 DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The presence of EGFR mutations predicts the sensitivity to EGF receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a molecularly defined subset of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. For this reason, EGFR testing of NSCLC is required to provide personalized treatment options and better outcomes for NSCLC patients. As surgery specimens are not available in the majority of NSCLC, other currently available DNA sources are small biopsies and cytological samples, providing however limited and low-quality material. In order to address this issue, the use of surrogate sources of DNA, such as blood, serum and plasma samples, which often contains circulating free tumor DNA or circulating tumor cells, is emerging as a new strategy for tumor genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fenizia
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Pasquale
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacco
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | - Laura Forgione
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | - Matilde Lambiase
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | - Alessia Iannaccone
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
| | | | - Renato Franco
- 3Surgical Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- 4Division of Medical Oncology, 'S.G. Moscati' Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morabito
- 5Medical Oncology Unit, Thoraco-Pulmonary Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Rocco
- 6Thoracic Surgery, Thoraco-Pulmonary Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Normanno
- 1Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Centro di Ricerche Oncologiche di Mercogliano (CROM)-Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale'-IRCCS, Mercogliano (AV), Italy
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29
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Xie G, Xie F, Wu P, Yuan X, Ma Y, Xu Y, Li L, Xu L, Yang M, Shen L. The mutation rates of EGFR in non-small cell lung cancer and KRAS in colorectal cancer of Chinese patients as detected by pyrosequencing using a novel dispensation order. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:63. [PMID: 26081767 PMCID: PMC4481110 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to develop a cost-effective approach for the determination of EGFR and KRAS mutations in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) samples from Chinese patients based on a sensitive pyrosequencing (PS) technique. METHODS The NSCLC and CRC cell lines were tested to determine the limitation of detection and reproducibility of the PS method. In addition, 494 NSCLC and 1099 CRC patient samples were assayed by PS to evaluate the EGFR or KRAS mutation patterns according to the clinicopathological features. RESULTS The PS assay was able to reproducibly detect as few as 2 % mutant alleles with excellent linearity. EGFR mutations were detected in 35.63 % of the NSCLC samples, and KRAS mutations were detected in 39.76 % of the CRC samples. EGFR mutations were more frequently observed to be significant by multivariate analysis in NSCLC patients who were 65 years old or younger (OR = 2.51), had a nonsmoking history (OR = 3.63), and adenocarcinoma (OR = 3.57), but not in females (OR = 0.64). KRAS mutations were more frequently detected in CRC patients who were female (OR = 1.64) and 50 years old or older (OR = 4.17), and had adenocarcinoma (OR = 2.41). CONCLUSIONS This is the first extensive validation of PS on FFPE samples using the detection of EGFR exons 18-21 mutations and KRAS exon 2 mutations. Our results demonstrate the utility of PS analysis for the detection of somatic EGFR and KRAS mutations in clinical samples and provide important clinical and molecular characteristics of NSCLC and CRC from Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xiangliang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yunchuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery and Colorectal Cancer Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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30
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Dienstmann R, Cervantes A. Heterogeneity of driver genes and therapeutic implications in colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1523-5. [PMID: 25969371 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Dienstmann
- Oncology Data Science Group, Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain Computational Oncology Group, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, USA
| | - A Cervantes
- Department Hematology and Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Watanabe M, Kawaguchi T, Isa SI, Ando M, Tamiya A, Kubo A, Saka H, Takeo S, Adachi H, Tagawa T, Kakegawa S, Yamashita M, Kataoka K, Ichinose Y, Takeuchi Y, Sakamoto K, Matsumura A, Koh Y. Ultra-Sensitive Detection of the Pretreatment EGFR T790M Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with an EGFR-Activating Mutation Using Droplet Digital PCR. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3552-60. [PMID: 25882755 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The resistance to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is a major concern in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. T790M mutation in EGFR accounts for nearly 50% of the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Earlier studies suggested that T790M mutation was also detected in TKI-naïve NSCLCs in a small cohort. Here, we use an ultra-sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technique to address the incidence and clinical significance of pretreatment T790M in a larger cohort. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ddPCR was established as follows: wild-type or T790M mutation-containing DNA fragments were cloned into plasmids. Candidate threshold was identified using wild-type plasmid, normal human genomic DNA, and human A549 cell line DNA, which expresses wild type. Surgically resected tumor tissues from 373 NSCLC patients with EGFR-activating mutations were then examined for the presence of T790M using ddPCR. RESULTS Our data revealed a linear performance for this ddPCR method (R(2) = 0.998) with an analytical sensitivity of approximately 0.001%. The overall incidence of the pretreatment T790M mutation was 79.9% (298/373), and the frequency ranged from 0.009% to 26.9%. The T790M mutation was detected more frequently in patients with a larger tumor size (P = 0.019) and those with common EGFR-activating mutations (P = 0.022), as compared with the others. CONCLUSIONS The ultra-sensitive ddPCR assay revealed that pretreatment T790M was found in the majority of NSCLC patients with EGFR-activating mutations. ddPCR should be utilized for detailed assessment of the impact of the low frequency pretreatment T790M mutation on treatment with EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan. Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shun-ichi Isa
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Lung Cancer Research, National Hospital Organization Kinki-chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihito Kubo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideo Saka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sadanori Takeo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Adachi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tagawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kakegawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nishigunma National Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Motohiro Yamashita
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kataoka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukito Ichinose
- Clinical Research Institute, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Takeuchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihide Matsumura
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan. Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan.
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