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Lai CP, Chen YS, Ying TH, Kao CY, Chiou HL, Kao SH, Hsieh YH. Melatonin acts synergistically with pazopanib against renal cell carcinoma cells through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated mitochondrial and autophagic apoptosis. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023; 42:487-500. [PMID: 37165617 PMCID: PMC10407642 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.22.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence indicates that melatonin has possible activity against different tumors. Pazopanib is an anticancer drug used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study tested the anticancer activity of melatonin combined with pazopanib on RCC cells and explored the underlying mechanistic pathways of its action. METHODS The 786-O and A-498 human RCC cell lines were used as cell models. Cell viability and tumorigenesis were detected with the MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Apoptosis and autophagy were assessed using TUNEL, annexin V/propidium iodide, and acridine orange staining with flow cytometry. The expression of cellular signaling proteins was investigated with western blotting. The in vivo growth of tumors derived from RCC cells was evaluated using a xenograft mouse model. RESULTS Together, melatonin and pazopanib reduced cell viability and colony formation and promoted the apoptosis of RCC cells. Furthermore, the combination of melatonin and pazopanib triggered more mitochondrial, caspase-mediated, and LC3-II-mediated autophagic apoptosis than melatonin or pazopanib alone. The combination also induced higher activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in the promotion of autophagy and apoptosis by RCC cells than melatonin or pazopanib alone. Finally, tumor xenograft experiments confirmed that melatonin and pazopanib cooperatively inhibited RCC growth in vivo and predicted a possible interaction between melatonin/pazopanib and LC3-II. CONCLUSION The combination of melatonin and pazopanib inhibits the growth of RCC cells by inducing p38MAPK-mediated mitochondrial and autophagic apoptosis. Therefore, melatonin might be a potential adjuvant that could act synergistically with pazopanib for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Pin Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Syuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Kao
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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2
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Zhong Q, Xiao X, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Chen C, Chong B, Zhao X, Hai S, Li S, An Z, Dai L. Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e261. [PMID: 37143582 PMCID: PMC10152985 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of proteins, which provides the basis for the emergence of organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types of protein modifications, such as the most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain and long-chain acylation modifications, redox modifications, and irreversible modifications, have been described, and the inventory is still increasing. By changing the protein conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, and interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter the phenotypes and biological processes of cells. The homeostasis of protein modifications is important to human health. Abnormal PTMs may cause changes in protein properties and loss of protein functions, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of various PTMs in health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic prospects in various diseases by targeting PTMs and associated regulatory enzymes are also summarized. This work will deepen the understanding of protein modifications in health and diseases and promote the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xina Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yijie Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Baochen Chong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xinjun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shan Hai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuangqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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3
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Chen T, Fan X, Li G, Meng Y. Multi-omics data integration reveals the molecular network of dysregulation IQGAP2-mTOR promotes cell proliferation. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00912-8. [PMID: 37154877 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
IQGAP2 as a tumor suppressor gene can influence cell proliferation in multiple tumor cell lines. However, the regulation network of cell proliferation resulting solely from the deficiency of IQGAP2 in cells was still unclear. Here, we integrated transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome analyses to investigate the regulatory network of cell proliferation in IQGAP2 knockdown HaCaT and HEK293 cells. Our findings revealed that the dysregulation of the IQGAP2-mTOR molecular network led to increased cell proliferation. We demonstrated that IQGAP2 knockdown enhanced the phosphorylation levels of AKT and S6K, leading to increased cell proliferation. Additionally, we found that AKT and mTOR inhibitors partially rescued abnormal cell proliferation by reducing hyperphosphorylation. Our data suggest a potential connection between the mTOR signaling pathway and aberrant cell proliferation in IQGAP2 knockdown cells. These findings offer a new therapeutic strategy for patients with IQGAP2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangzhou KingMed Transformative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd., No. 10 Luoxuan 3Rd Road, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xijie Fan
- Guangzhou KingMed Transformative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd., No. 10 Luoxuan 3Rd Road, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibin Li
- Guangzhou KingMed Transformative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd., No. 10 Luoxuan 3Rd Road, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhuan Meng
- Guangzhou KingMed Transformative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd., No. 10 Luoxuan 3Rd Road, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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4
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Tam YB, Jones RL, Huang PH. Molecular profiling in desmoplastic small round cell tumours. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 157:106383. [PMID: 36736718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT) is an ultra-rare soft tissue sarcoma that is characterised by aggressive disease and dismal patient outcomes. Despite multi-modal therapy, prognosis remains poor and there are currently no effective targeted therapies available for patients with this disease. Advances in comprehensive molecular profiling approaches including next generation sequencing and proteomics hold the promise of identifying new therapeutic targets and biomarkers. In this review, we provide an overview of the current status of molecular profiling studies in DSRCT patient specimens and cell lines, highlighting the key genomic, epigenetic and proteomic findings that have contributed to our biological knowledge base of this recalcitrant disease. In-depth analysis of these molecular profiles has led to the identification of promising novel and repurposed candidate therapies that are suitable for translation into clinical trials. We further provide a perspective on how future integrated studies including proteogenomics could further enrich our understanding of this ultra-rare entity and deliver progress that will ultimately impact the outcomes of patients with DSRCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Bun Tam
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L Jones
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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5
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Hu GS, Zheng ZZ, He YH, Wang DC, Liu W. CPPA: A Web Tool for Exploring Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Data in Cancer. J Proteome Res 2022; 22:368-373. [PMID: 36507870 PMCID: PMC9904288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A tremendous amount of proteomic and phosphoproteomic data has been produced over the years with the development of mass spectrometry techniques, providing us with new opportunities to explore and understand the proteome and phosphoproteome as well as the function of proteins and protein phosphorylation sites. However, a lack of powerful tools that we can utilize to explore these valuable data limits our understanding of the proteome and phosphoproteome, particularly in diseases such as cancer. To address these unmet needs, we established CPPA (Cancer Proteome and Phosphoproteome Atlas), a web tool to mine abnormalities of the proteome and phosphoproteome in cancer based on published data sets. All analysis results are presented in CPPA with a flexible web interface to provide key customization utilities, including general analysis, differential expression profiling, statistical analysis of protein phosphorylation sites, correlation analysis, similarity analysis, survival analysis, pathological stage analysis, etc. CPPA greatly facilitates the process of data mining and therapeutic target discovery by providing a comprehensive analysis of proteomic and phosphoproteomic data in normal and tumor tissues with a simple click, which helps to unlock the precious value of mass spectrometry data by bridging the gap between raw data and experimental biologists. CPPA is currently available at https://cppa.site/cppa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-sheng Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zao-zao Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yao-hui He
- State
Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Du-chuang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen
University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China,
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6
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Translational proteomics and phosphoproteomics: Tissue to extracellular vesicles. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 112:119-153. [PMID: 36642482 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We are currently experiencing a rapidly developing era in terms of translational and clinical medical sciences. The relatively mature state of nucleic acid examination has significantly improved our understanding of disease mechanism and therapeutic potential of personalized treatment, but misses a large portion of phenotypic disease information. Proteins, in particular phosphorylation events that regulates many cellular functions, could provide real-time information for disease onset, progression and treatment efficacy. The technical advances in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry have realized large-scale and unbiased proteome and phosphoproteome analyses with disease relevant samples such as tissues. However, tissue biopsy still has multiple shortcomings, such as invasiveness of sample collection, potential health risk for patients, difficulty in protein preservation and extreme heterogeneity. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have offered a great promise as a unique source of protein biomarkers for non-invasive liquid biopsy. Membranous EVs provide stable preservation of internal proteins and especially labile phosphoproteins, which is essential for effective routine biomarker detection. To aid efficient EV proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses, recent developments showcase clinically-friendly EV techniques, facilitating diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Ultimately, we envision that with streamlined sample preparation from tissues and EVs proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis will become routine in clinical settings.
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7
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Arthur A, Johnston EW, Winfield JM, Blackledge MD, Jones RL, Huang PH, Messiou C. Virtual Biopsy in Soft Tissue Sarcoma. How Close Are We? Front Oncol 2022; 12:892620. [PMID: 35847882 PMCID: PMC9286756 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.892620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A shift in radiology to a data-driven specialty has been unlocked by synergistic developments in imaging biomarkers (IB) and computational science. This is advancing the capability to deliver “virtual biopsies” within oncology. The ability to non-invasively probe tumour biology both spatially and temporally would fulfil the potential of imaging to inform management of complex tumours; improving diagnostic accuracy, providing new insights into inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity and individualised treatment planning and monitoring. Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin with over 150 histological subtypes and notorious heterogeneity. The combination of inter- and intra-tumoural heterogeneity and the rarity of the disease remain major barriers to effective treatments. We provide an overview of the process of successful IB development, the key imaging and computational advancements in STS including quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, radiomics and artificial intelligence, and the studies to date that have explored the potential biological surrogates to imaging metrics. We discuss the promising future directions of IBs in STS and illustrate how the routine clinical implementation of a virtual biopsy has the potential to revolutionise the management of this group of complex cancers and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Arthur
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Edward W. Johnston
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica M. Winfield
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Blackledge
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L. Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paul H. Huang, ; Christina Messiou,
| | - Christina Messiou
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paul H. Huang, ; Christina Messiou,
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8
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Abstract
Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous malignancies. Owing to their low prevalence and limited capacity to conduct large-scale clinical trials, understanding the molecular mechanisms of sarcomagenesis has become important in determining appropriate treatment. The Cancer Genome Atlas soft tissue sarcoma (STS) project (TCGA-SARC) was the largest and most comprehensive attempt to profile the genomics of multiple STS subtypes. TCGA-SARC made huge contributions to disease understanding. Since the publication of TCGA-SARC, numerous studies have used molecular profiling to assess STS biology. Herein molecular profiling studies in STS are reviewed and future directions with regard to omics profiling in STS research are discussed.
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9
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Proteomic Profiling Identifies Co-Regulated Expression of Splicing Factors as a Characteristic Feature of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122907. [PMID: 35740573 PMCID: PMC9221257 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVLM) is a rare benign smooth muscle tumour that is characterised by intravenous growth in the uterine and pelvic veins. Previous DNA copy number and transcriptomic studies have shown that IVLM harbors unique genomic and transcriptomic alterations when compared to uterine leiomyoma (uLM), which may account for their distinct clinical behaviour. Here we undertake the first comparative proteomic analysis of IVLM and other smooth muscle tumours (comprising uLM, soft tissue leiomyoma and benign metastasizing leiomyoma) utilising data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. We show that, at the protein level, IVLM is defined by the unique co-regulated expression of splicing factors. In particular, IVLM is enriched in two clusters composed of co-regulated proteins from the hnRNP, LSm, SR and Sm classes of the spliceosome complex. One of these clusters (Cluster 3) is associated with key biological processes including nascent protein translocation and cell signalling by small GTPases. Taken together, our study provides evidence of co-regulated expression of splicing factors in IVLM compared to other smooth muscle tumours, which suggests a possible role for alternative splicing in the pathogenesis of IVLM.
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10
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Abstract
Advances in proteomic and metabolomic technologies have accelerated our understanding of multiple aspects of cancer biology across distinct tumour types. Here we review the current state-of-the-art in the use of proteomics and metabolomics in soft tissue sarcomas. We highlight the utility of these Omics-based methodologies to identify new drug targets, synthetic lethal interactions, candidate therapeutics and novel biomarkers to facilitate patient stratification. Due to the unbiased and global nature of these profiling methods to assess the levels of protein expression, post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and glycosylation as well as key metabolites, many of these findings have broad applications not just in specific histotypes but across multiple STS subtypes. Specific examples of proteomic and metabolomic findings that have led to the development of early phase clinical trials of investigational agents will be discussed. While promising, the use of these technologies in the study of sarcoma is still limited, and there is a need for further research in this area. In particular, it would be important to integrate these approaches with other Omics strategies such as genomics and epigenomics as well as implement these tools alongside clinical trials in order to maximize the impact of these tools on our biological understanding and treatment of this group of rare diseases of unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumeeta Chadha
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK.
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11
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Altaf S, Saleem F, Sher AA, Ali A. Potential therapeutic strategies to combat HCC. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022; 15:929-942. [PMID: 34979895 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220103111009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex, life threatening and most common neoplasm in the world. HCC tumors are genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous and involve various molecular mechanisms and stimulation of several signaling pathways such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR), Insulin growth factor, Ras/extracellular signal-stimulated kinase, mammalian goal of rapamycin (mTOR), c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor-1 (c-Met), Hedgehog, Wnt and apoptotic signaling. Lately, in patient's multi-kinase cascade blockers such as sorafenib, selumetinib and regorafenib have increased survival rate of progressive HCC. This development presents a step forward towards the therapy of liver cancer infection and attests that molecular systemic rehabilitations can be useful in HCC treatment. The development of these systemic therapeutic agents has further expanded the research area for surplus molecular mediators to auxiliary increase cure rate of patients. This article reviews the complete consideration of focus on cascades, current enduring clinical tests by means of HCC therapeutic mediators, and imminent prospects in the cure of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Altaf
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azam Ali Sher
- Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashiq Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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12
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Wang Y, Li J, Lu D, Meng Q, Song N, Zhou H, Xiao X, Sun L, Zhu H. Integrated proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of interscapular brown adipose and subcutaneous white adipose tissues upon high fat diet feeding in mouse. J Proteomics 2022; 255:104500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Pankova V, Thway K, Jones RL, Huang PH. The Extracellular Matrix in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Pathobiology and Cellular Signalling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:763640. [PMID: 34957097 PMCID: PMC8696013 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.763640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are rare cancers of mesenchymal origin or differentiation comprising over 70 different histological subtypes. Due to their mesenchymal differentiation, sarcomas are thought to produce and deposit large quantities of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Interactions between ECM ligands and their corresponding adhesion receptors such as the integrins and the discoidin domain receptors play key roles in driving many fundamental oncogenic processes including uncontrolled proliferation, cellular invasion and altered metabolism. In this review, we focus on emerging studies that describe the key ECM components commonly found in soft tissue sarcomas and discuss preclinical and clinical evidence outlining the important role that these proteins and their cognate adhesion receptors play in sarcomagenesis. We conclude by providing a perspective on the need for more comprehensive in-depth analyses of both the ECM and adhesion receptor biology in multiple histological subtypes in order to identify new drug targets and prognostic biomarkers for this group of rare diseases of unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya Pankova
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Khin Thway
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L. Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paul H. Huang,
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14
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Fordham AM, Ekert PG, Fleuren EDG. Precision medicine and phosphoproteomics for the identification of novel targeted therapeutic avenues in sarcomas. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188613. [PMID: 34390800 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in genomic technologies have enabled in-depth interrogation of cancer genomes, revealing novel and unexpected therapeutic targets in many cancer types. Identifying actionable dependencies in the diverse and heterogeneous group of sarcomas, particularly those that occur in children or adolescents and young adults (AYAs), remains especially challenging. These patients rarely harbor actionable genomic aberrations, no targeted agent is approved, and outcomes have remained poor for the past decades. This underlines a clear need to refine our methods for target identification. Phosphoproteomics studies in sarcoma showed the power of such analyses to capture novel actionable drivers that are not accompanied by mutational events or gene amplifications. This Review makes the case that incorporating phosphoproteomic molecular profiling alongside (functional) genomics technologies can significantly expand therapeutic target identification, and pinpoint drug mechanisms of action, in pediatric and AYA sarcoma patients. We explore the utility and prospects of phosphoproteomics in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh M Fordham
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emmy D G Fleuren
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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15
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Milighetti M, Krasny L, Lee ATJ, Morani G, Szecsei C, Chen Y, Guljar N, McCarthy F, Wilding CP, Arthur A, Fisher C, Judson I, Thway K, Cheang MCU, Jones RL, Huang PH. Proteomic profiling of soft tissue sarcomas with SWATH mass spectrometry. J Proteomics 2021; 241:104236. [PMID: 33895336 PMCID: PMC8135130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a group of rare and heterogeneous cancers. While large-scale genomic and epigenomic profiling of STS have been undertaken, proteomic analysis has thus far been limited. Here we utilise sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) for proteomic profiling of formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens from a cohort of STS patients (n = 36) across four histological subtypes (leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma). We quantified 2951 proteins across all cases and show that there is a significant enrichment of gene sets associated with smooth muscle contraction in leiomyosarcoma, RNA splicing regulation in synovial sarcoma and leukocyte activation in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. We further identified a subgroup of STS cases that have a distinct expression profile in a panel of proteins, with worse survival outcomes when compared to the rest of the cohort. Our study highlights the value of comprehensive proteomic characterisation as a means to identify histotype-specific STS profiles that describe key biological pathways of clinical and therapeutic relevance; as well as for discovering new prognostic biomarkers in this group of rare and difficult-to-treat diseases. Proteomic analysis of FFPE specimens from four soft tissue sarcoma histological subtypes was performed by SWATH MS. Subtype-specific biological pathways and protein-protein interaction networks were identified. A panel of proteins associated with sarcoma patient survival outcome was defined. A subset of proteins identified by SWATH MS was validated by orthogonal immunohistochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Milighetti
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Lukas Krasny
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Alex T J Lee
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK; Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, UK; Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK
| | - Gabriele Morani
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK; Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK
| | - Cornelia Szecsei
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Yingtong Chen
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK; Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK
| | - Nafia Guljar
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Frank McCarthy
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Christopher P Wilding
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Amani Arthur
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK
| | - Cyril Fisher
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, UK
| | - Ian Judson
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, UK
| | - Khin Thway
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK; Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, UK
| | - Maggie C U Cheang
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK; Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK
| | - Robin L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, SW3 6JJ London, UK; Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, SM2 5NG Sutton, London, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, SW3 6JB London, UK.
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16
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Zhou Q, Meng Q, Tan X, Ding W, Ma K, Xu Z, Huang X, Gao H. Protein Phosphorylation Changes During Systemic Acquired Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:748287. [PMID: 34858456 PMCID: PMC8632492 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.748287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants is a defense response that provides resistance against a wide range of pathogens at the whole-plant level following primary infection. Although the molecular mechanisms of SAR have been extensively studied in recent years, the role of phosphorylation that occurs in systemic leaves of SAR-induced plants is poorly understood. We used a data-independent acquisition (DIA) phosphoproteomics platform based on high-resolution mass spectrometry in an Arabidopsis thaliana model to identify phosphoproteins related to SAR establishment. A total of 8011 phosphorylation sites from 3234 proteins were identified in systemic leaves of Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326 (Psm ES4326) and mock locally inoculated plants. A total of 859 significantly changed phosphoproteins from 1119 significantly changed phosphopeptides were detected in systemic leaves of Psm ES4326 locally inoculated plants, including numerous transcription factors and kinases. A variety of defense response-related proteins were found to be differentially phosphorylated in systemic leaves of Psm ES4326 locally inoculated leaves, suggesting that these proteins may be functionally involved in SAR through phosphorylation or dephosphorylation. Significantly changed phosphoproteins were enriched mainly in categories related to response to abscisic acid, regulation of stomatal movement, plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, purine metabolism, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, and flavonoid biosynthesis. A total of 28 proteins were regulated at both protein and phosphorylation levels during SAR. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that changes in phosphorylation levels of proteins during SAR did not result from changes in transcript abundance. This study provides comprehensive details of key phosphoproteins associated with SAR, which will facilitate further research on the molecular mechanisms of SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Zhou
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaomin Tan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Shanghai Omicsspace Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Ma
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Ziqin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xuan Huang,
| | - Hang Gao
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
- Hang Gao,
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17
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Li J, Zhan X. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics analyses of post-translational modifications and proteoforms in human pituitary adenomas. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140584. [PMID: 33321259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common intracranial neoplasm, which affects the hypothalamus-pituitary-target organ axis systems, and is hazardous to human health. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, nitration, and sumoylation, are vitally important in the PA pathogenesis. The large-scale analysis of PTMs could provide a global view of molecular mechanisms for PA. Proteoforms, which are used to define various protein structural and functional forms originated from the same gene, are the future direction of proteomics research. The global studies of different proteoforms and PTMs of hypophyseal hormones such as growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) and the proportion change of different GH proteoforms or PRL proteoforms in human pituitary tissue could provide new insights into the clinical value of pituitary hormones in PAs. Multiple quantitative proteomics methods, including mass spectrometry (MS)-based label-free and stable isotope-labeled strategies in combination with different PTM-peptide enrichment methods such as TiO2 enrichment of tryptic phosphopeptides and antibody enrichment of other PTM-peptides increase the feasibility for researchers to study PA proteomes. This article reviews the research status of PTMs and proteoforms in PAs, including the enrichment method, technical limitation, quantitative proteomics strategies, and the future perspectives, to achieve the goals of in-depth understanding its molecular pathogenesis, and discovering effective biomarkers and clinical therapeutic targets for predictive, preventive, and personalized treatment of PA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 P. R. China; State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008 P. R. China; State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
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18
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Huang W, Chen J, Weng W, Xiang Y, Shi H, Shan Y. Development of cancer prognostic signature based on pan-cancer proteomics. Bioengineered 2020; 11:1368-1381. [PMID: 33200655 PMCID: PMC8291886 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1847398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilizing genomic data to predict cancer prognosis was insufficient. Proteomics can improve our understanding of the etiology and progression of cancer and improve the assessment of cancer prognosis. And the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) has generated extensive proteomics data of the vast majority of tumors. Based on CPTAC, we can perform a proteomic pan-carcinoma analysis. We collected the proteomics data and clinical features of cancer patients from CPTAC. Then, we screened 69 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with R software in five cancers: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), children’s brain tumor tissue consortium (CBTTC), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). GO and KEGG analysis were performed to clarify the function of these proteins. We also identified their interactions. The DEPs-based prognostic model for predicting over survival was identified by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression model in training cohort. Then, we used the time-dependent receiver operating characteristics analysis to evaluate the ability of the prognostic model to predict overall survival and validated it in validation cohort. The results showed that the DEPs-based prognostic model could accurately and effectively predict the survival rate of most cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Weng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Yukai Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongqi Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Shan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
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19
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Lima NC, Atkinson E, Bunney TD, Katan M, Huang PH. Targeting the Src Pathway Enhances the Efficacy of Selective FGFR Inhibitors in Urothelial Cancers with FGFR3 Alterations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3214. [PMID: 32370101 PMCID: PMC7246793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective FGFR inhibitors such as infigratinib (BGJ398) and erdafitinib (JNJ-42756493) have been evaluated in clinical trials for cancers with FGFR3 molecular alterations, particularly in urothelial carcinoma patients. However, a substantial proportion of these patients (up to 50%) display intrinsic resistance to these drugs and receive minimal clinical benefit. There is thus an unmet need for alternative therapeutic strategies to overcome primary resistance to selective FGFR inhibitors. In this study, we demonstrate that cells expressing cancer-associated activating FGFR3 mutants and the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion showed primary resistance to infigratinib in long-term colony formation assays in both NIH-3T3 and urothelial carcinoma models. We find that expression of these FGFR3 molecular alterations resulted in elevated constitutive Src activation compared to wildtype FGFR3 and that cells co-opted this pathway as a means to achieve intrinsic resistance to infigratinib. Targeting the Src pathway with low doses of the kinase inhibitor dasatinib synergistically sensitized multiple urothelial carcinoma lines harbouring endogenous FGFR3 alterations to infigratinib. Our data provide preclinical rationale that supports the use of dasatinib in combination with selective FGFR inhibitors as a means to overcome intrinsic drug resistance in the salvage therapy setting in urothelial cancer patients with FGFR3 molecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Carvalho Lima
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (N.C.L.); (E.A.)
| | - Eliza Atkinson
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (N.C.L.); (E.A.)
| | - Tom D. Bunney
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (T.D.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Matilda Katan
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (T.D.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (N.C.L.); (E.A.)
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20
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Burns J, Wilding CP, L Jones R, H Huang P. Proteomic research in sarcomas - current status and future opportunities. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 61:56-70. [PMID: 31722230 PMCID: PMC7083238 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a rare group of mesenchymal cancers comprising over 70 different histological subtypes. For the majority of these diseases, the molecular understanding of the basis of their initiation and progression remains unclear. As such, limited clinical progress in prognosis or therapeutic regimens have been made over the past few decades. Proteomics techniques are being increasingly utilised in the field of sarcoma research. Proteomic research efforts have thus far focused on histological subtype characterisation for the improvement of biological understanding, as well as for the identification of candidate diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for use in clinic. However, the field itself is in its infancy, and none of these proteomic research findings have been translated into the clinic. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the proteomic strategies that have been employed in sarcoma research. We evaluate key proteomic studies concerning several rare and ultra-rare sarcoma subtypes including, gastrointestinal stromal tumours, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumours, Ewing sarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. Consequently, we illustrate how routine implementation of proteomics within sarcoma research, integration of proteomics with other molecular profiling data, and incorporation of proteomics into clinical trial studies has the potential to propel the biological and clinical understanding of this group of complex rare cancers moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Burns
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Christopher P Wilding
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Robin L Jones
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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21
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Wilding CP, Elms ML, Judson I, Tan AC, Jones RL, Huang PH. The landscape of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in sarcomas: looking beyond pazopanib. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:971-991. [PMID: 31665941 PMCID: PMC6882314 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1686979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Tyrosine kinases are key mediators of intracellular signaling cascades and aberrations in these proteins have been implicated in driving oncogenesis through the dysregulation of fundamental cellular processes including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. As such, targeting these proteins with small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has led to significant advances in the treatment of a number of cancer types.Areas covered: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous and challenging group of rare cancers to treat, but the approval of the TKI pazopanib for the treatment of advanced STS demonstrates that this class of drugs may have broad utility against a range of different sarcoma histological subtypes. Since the approval of pazopanib, a number of other TKIs have entered clinical trials to evaluate whether their activity in STS matches the promising results seen in other solid tumors. In this article, we review the emerging role of TKIs in the evolving landscape of sarcoma treatment.Expert opinion: As our biological understanding of response and resistance of STS to TKIs advances, we anticipate that patient management will move away from a 'one size fits all' paradigm toward personalized, multi-line, and patient-specific treatment regimens where patients are treated according to the underlying biology and genetics of their specific disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark L Elms
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ian Judson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robin L Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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22
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Lee ATJ, Jones RL, Huang PH. Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:16. [PMID: 31123606 PMCID: PMC6522548 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is the first and only tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of multiple histological subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Initially developed as a small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, preclinical work indicates that pazopanib exerts an anticancer effect through the inhibition of both angiogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways. Following the establishment of optimal dosing and safety profiles in early phase studies and approval for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, pazopanib was investigated in STS. A landmark phase III randomized study demonstrated improved progression-free survival with pazopanib compared to that with placebo in pretreated patients with STS of various subtypes. The efficacy of pazopanib in specific STS subtypes has been further described in real-world-based case series in both mixed and subtype-specific STS cohorts. At present, there are no clinically validated predictive biomarkers for use in selecting patients with advanced STS for pazopanib therapy, limiting the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the drug. In this review, we summarize the preclinical and clinical data for pazopanib, outline the evidence base for its effect in STS and explore reported studies that have investigated putative biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T. J. Lee
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robin L. Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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23
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Harrison PT, Huang PH. Exploiting vulnerabilities in cancer signalling networks to combat targeted therapy resistance. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:583-593. [PMID: 30072489 PMCID: PMC6204552 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20180016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains one of the greatest challenges facing precision oncology today. Despite the vast array of resistance mechanisms that cancer cells employ to subvert the effects of targeted therapy, a deep understanding of cancer signalling networks has led to the development of novel strategies to tackle resistance both in the first-line and salvage therapy settings. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the major classes of resistance mechanisms to targeted therapy, including signalling reprogramming and tumour evolution; our discussion also focuses on the use of different forms of polytherapies (such as inhibitor combinations, multi-target kinase inhibitors and HSP90 inhibitors) as a means of combating resistance. The promise and challenges facing each of these polytherapies are elaborated with a perspective on how to effectively deploy such therapies in patients. We highlight efforts to harness computational approaches to predict effective polytherapies and the emerging view that exceptional responders may hold the key to better understanding drug resistance. This review underscores the importance of polytherapies as an effective means of targeting resistance signalling networks and achieving durable clinical responses in the era of personalised cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Harrison
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, U.K
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, U.K.
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24
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Vyse S, McCarthy F, Broncel M, Paul A, Wong JP, Bhamra A, Huang PH. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of acquired cancer drug resistance to pazopanib and dasatinib. J Proteomics 2017; 170:130-140. [PMID: 28842319 PMCID: PMC5673060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance impacts the majority of patients being treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and remains a key challenge in modern anti-cancer therapy. The lack of clinically effective therapies to overcome resistance represents an unmet need. Understanding the signalling that drives drug resistance will facilitate the development of new salvage therapies to treat patients with secondary TKI resistance. In this study, we utilise mass spectrometry to characterise the global phosphoproteomic alterations that accompany the acquisition of resistance to two FDA-approved TKIs, pazopanib and dasatinib, in the A204 rhabdoid tumour cell line. Our analysis finds that only 6% and 9.7% of the quantified phosphoproteome is altered upon the acquisition of pazopanib and dasatinib resistance, respectively. Pazopanib resistant cells display elevated phosphorylation in cytoskeletal regulatory pathways while dasatinib resistant cells show an upregulation of the insulin receptor/IGF-1R signalling pathway. Drug response profiling rediscovers several previously reported vulnerabilities associated with pazopanib and dasatinib resistance and identifies a new dependency to the second generation HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY-922. This study provides a useful resource detailing the candidate signalling determinants of acquired TKI resistance; and reveals a therapeutic approach of inhibiting HSP90 function as a means of salvage therapy to overcome pazopanib and dasatinib resistance. Significance Pazopanib and dasatinib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved for the treatment of multiple cancer types. Patients who are treated with these drugs are prone to the development of drug resistance and consequently tumour relapse. Here we use quantitative phosphoproteomics to characterise the signalling pathways which are enriched in cells that have acquired resistance to these two drugs. Furthermore, targeted drug screens were used to identify salvage therapies capable of overcoming pazopanib and dasatinib resistance. This data advances our understanding of the mechanisms of TKI resistance and highlights candidate targets for cancer therapy. Pazopanib resistant cells display elevated phosphorylation in cytoskeletal regulatory pathways. Phosphoproteins in the insulin and IGF-1R pathways are upregulated in dasatinib resistant cells. Less than 10% of the phosphoproteome is altered in acquired drug-resistant A204 cells. Both dasatinib and pazopanib resistant A204 cells are vulnerable to HSP90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vyse
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Frank McCarthy
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Malgorzata Broncel
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Angela Paul
- Proteomics Core Facility, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Jocelyn P Wong
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Amandeep Bhamra
- Proteomics Core Facility, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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25
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Fleuren EDG, Vlenterie M, van der Graaf WTA, Hillebrandt-Roeffen MHS, Blackburn J, Ma X, Chan H, Magias MC, van Erp A, van Houdt L, Cebeci SAS, van de Ven A, Flucke UE, Heyer EE, Thomas DM, Lord CJ, Marini KD, Vaghjiani V, Mercer TR, Cain JE, Wu J, Versleijen-Jonkers YMH, Daly RJ. Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals ALK and MET as Novel Actionable Targets across Synovial Sarcoma Subtypes. Cancer Res 2017; 77:4279-4292. [PMID: 28634201 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite intensive multimodal treatment of sarcomas, a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors arising from connective tissue, survival remains poor. Candidate-based targeted treatments have demonstrated limited clinical success, urging an unbiased and comprehensive analysis of oncogenic signaling networks to reveal therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies. Here we applied mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic profiling to the largest and most heterogeneous set of sarcoma cell lines characterized to date and identified novel tyrosine phosphorylation patterns, enhanced tyrosine kinases in specific subtypes, and potential driver kinases. ALK was identified as a novel driver in the Aska-SS synovial sarcoma (SS) cell line via expression of an ALK variant with a large extracellular domain deletion (ALKΔ2-17). Functional ALK dependency was confirmed in vitro and in vivo with selective inhibitors. Importantly, ALK immunopositivity was detected in 6 of 43 (14%) of SS patient specimens, one of which exhibited an ALK rearrangement. High PDGFRα phosphorylation also characterized SS cell lines, which was accompanied by enhanced MET activation in Yamato-SS cells. Although Yamato-SS cells were sensitive to crizotinib (ALK/MET-inhibitor) but not pazopanib (VEGFR/PDGFR-inhibitor) monotherapy in vitro, synergistic effects were observed upon drug combination. In vivo, both drugs were individually effective, with pazopanib efficacy likely attributable to reduced angiogenesis. MET or PDGFRα expression was detected in 58% and 84% of SS patients, respectively, with coexpression in 56%. Consequently, our integrated approach has led to the identification of ALK and MET as promising therapeutic targets in SS. Cancer Res; 77(16); 4279-92. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy D G Fleuren
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and the Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myrella Vlenterie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Blackburn
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiuquan Ma
- Cancer Research Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Howard Chan
- Cancer Research Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mandy C Magias
- Cancer Research Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anke van Erp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laurens van Houdt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabri A S Cebeci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Amy van de Ven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Uta E Flucke
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erin E Heyer
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and the Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kieren D Marini
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vijesh Vaghjiani
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim R Mercer
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason E Cain
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Center for Cancer Bioinformatics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, China
| | | | - Roger J Daly
- Cancer Research Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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26
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Ferries S, Perkins S, Brownridge PJ, Campbell A, Eyers PA, Jones AR, Eyers CE. Evaluation of Parameters for Confident Phosphorylation Site Localization Using an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Mass Spectrometer. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3448-3459. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Perkins
- Department
of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Andrew R. Jones
- Department
of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
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27
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Vyse S, Desmond H, Huang PH. Advances in mass spectrometry based strategies to study receptor tyrosine kinases. IUCRJ 2017; 4:119-130. [PMID: 28250950 PMCID: PMC5330522 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252516020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key transmembrane environmental sensors that are capable of transmitting extracellular information into phenotypic responses, including cell proliferation, survival and metabolism. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics have been instrumental in providing the foundations of much of our current understanding of RTK signalling networks and activation dynamics. Furthermore, new insights relating to the deregulation of RTKs in disease, for instance receptor co-activation and kinome reprogramming, have largely been identified using phosphoproteomic-based strategies. This review outlines the current approaches employed in phosphoproteomic workflows, including phosphopeptide enrichment and MS data-acquisition methods. Here, recent advances in the application of MS-based phosphoproteomics to bridge critical gaps in our knowledge of RTK signalling are focused on. The current limitations of the technology are discussed and emerging areas such as computational modelling, high-throughput phospho-proteomic workflows and next-generation single-cell approaches to further our understanding in new areas of RTK biology are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vyse
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, England
| | - Howard Desmond
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, England
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, England
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28
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Cheng LC, Tan VM, Ganesan S, Drake JM. Integrating phosphoproteomics into the clinical management of prostate cancer. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:9. [PMID: 28197968 PMCID: PMC5309189 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-017-0138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoproteomic analysis of tumor samples has the potential to uncover significant insights into kinase signaling networks present in late stage prostate cancer that are complementary to genomic and transcriptomic approaches. Phosphoproteomics could potentially aid drug development in clinical trial design as well as provide utility for oncologists in the personalized therapeutic management of individual cancers through identifying novel biomarkers and druggable targets. Rapid advancement of targeted mass spectrometry platforms is underway to integrate phosphoproteomic technology with genomic assays to soon translate this information into the cancer clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry C Cheng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, Graduate School-New Brunswick, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Victor M Tan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.,Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, Graduate School-New Brunswick, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Justin M Drake
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. .,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. .,Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, Graduate School-New Brunswick, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. .,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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29
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Tan AC, Vyse S, Huang PH. Exploiting receptor tyrosine kinase co-activation for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:72-84. [PMID: 27452454 PMCID: PMC5346155 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies over the past decade have shown that many cancers have evolved receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) co-activation as a mechanism to drive tumour progression and limit the lethal effects of therapy. This review summarises the general principles of RTK co-activation and discusses approaches to exploit this phenomenon in cancer therapy and drug discovery. Computational strategies to predict kinase co-dependencies by integrating drug screening data and kinase inhibitor selectivity profiles will also be described. We offer a perspective on the implications of RTK co-activation on tumour heterogeneity and cancer evolution and conclude by surveying emerging computational and experimental approaches that will provide insights into RTK co-activation biology and deliver new developments in effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aik-Choon Tan
- Translational Bioinformatics and Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Simon Vyse
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Huang
- a Division of Cancer Biology , The Institute of Cancer Research , London , UK
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31
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Jukapli NM, Bagheri S. Recent developments on titania nanoparticle as photocatalytic cancer cells treatment. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:421-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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