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Freemantle N, Xu Y, Wilson FR, Guyot P, Chen CI, Keeping S, Konidaris G, Chan K, Kuznik A, Atsou K, Glowienka E, Pouliot JF, Gullo G, Rietschel P. Network meta-analysis of immune-oncology monotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in patients with PD-L1 expression ⩾50. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221105024. [PMID: 35747163 PMCID: PMC9210099 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: For patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and high (⩾50%) programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, effective first-line immune-oncology monotherapies with significant survival benefits are approved, cemiplimab being the most recent. In a phase III trial, cemiplimab demonstrated significantly improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC and PD-L1 ⩾50%. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to identify/compare the efficacy/safety of cemiplimab versus pembrolizumab or other immune-oncology monotherapies from randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) published in November 2010–2020. Methods: Relevant RCTs were identified by searching databases and conference proceedings as per ISPOR, NICE, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. NMA with time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) was performed for OS and PFS. Analyses were conducted for objective response rate (ORR) and safety/tolerability. Fixed-effect models were used due to limited evidence. Various sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the base case analyses. Results: The feasibility assessment determined that EMPOWER-Lung 1, KEYNOTE-024, and KEYNOTE-042 trials were eligible. IMpower110 was excluded because an incompatible PD-L1 assay (SP142) was used for patient selection. For first-line advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 ⩾50%, cemiplimab was associated with statistically significant improvements in PFS [HR (95% credible interval [CrI]): 0.65 (0.50–0.86), 1–12 months] and ORR [odds ratio (OR) (95% CrI): 1.64 (1.04–2.62)], and comparable OS [HR (95% CrI): 0.77 (0.54–1.10), 1–12 months] versus pembrolizumab. There was no evidence of differences between cemiplimab and pembrolizumab for Grade 3–5 adverse events (AEs) [OR (95% CrI): 1.47 (0.83–2.60)], immune-mediated AEs [1.75 (0.33–7.49)], and all-cause discontinuation due to AEs [1.21 (0.58–2.61)]. Conclusions: Considering the limitations of indirect treatment comparisons, in patients with advanced NSCLC and PD-L1 ⩾50%, cemiplimab monotherapy demonstrated significant improvements in PFS and ORR, comparable OS, and no evidence of differences in safety/tolerability versus pembrolizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Freemantle
- Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, 90 High Holborn 2nd Floor, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Yingxin Xu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Chieh-I Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
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2
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Kaen DL, Minatta N, Russo A, Malapelle U, de Miguel-Pérez D, Rolfo C. Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Are the Promises of Long-Term Benefit Finally Met? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1342:113-142. [PMID: 34972964 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79308-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, agents targeting immune checkpoints have shown potential to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with lung cancer in multiple clinical settings. Inhibitors of PD-1/PD-L1 have been approved for the treatment of different types of lung cancer by the FDA either alone or in combination with chemotherapy or other immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-CTLA-4 agents. The introduction of these agents in clinical practice has revolutionized the therapeutic approach to lung cancer, keeping the promises of long-term benefit in selected patient populations. The therapeutic indications of immunotherapy in lung cancer are rapidly growing, and multiple combinations entered clinical practice or are under active development. Furthermore, the quest for a reliable predictive biomarker is still ongoing to overcome the limits of currently approved tests for patients' selection. In this review, we summarized the current status and progress of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L Kaen
- Centro Oncologico Riojano (CORI), National University La Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Minatta
- Departament of Oncology, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego de Miguel-Pérez
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Medical System & Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Medical System & Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Montenegro GB, Farid S, Liu SV. Immunotherapy in lung cancer. J Surg Oncol 2021; 123:718-729. [PMID: 33595888 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as an important treatment modality throughout oncology with a particularly important role in the treatment of lung cancer. Early signals showed responses could be achieved in nonsmall cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer and these monoclonal antibodies have become standards of care for advanced stage disease. They have also shown promise in earlier-stage disease as complements to radiation or surgery, offering the potential for durable, meaningful survival gains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saira Farid
- Department of Medicine, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Stephen V Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Liu SY, Wu YL. Tislelizumab: an investigational anti-PD-1 antibody for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1355-1364. [PMID: 33044117 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1833857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most lung cancers worldwide and has a poor prognosis at later stages; programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have provided promising new treatment approaches for these patients. Tislelizumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, was engineered to minimize binding to FcγR on macrophages to abrogate antibody-dependent phagocytosis, a mechanism of T-cell clearance and potential resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. Tislelizumab has demonstrated clinical activity and is approved in China for treatment of previously treated classical Hodgkin lymphoma and previously treated metastatic PD-L1-high urothelial carcinoma. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of tislelizumab in patients with NSCLC and examines the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of tislelizumab. EXPERT OPINION Tislelizumab has higher affinity to PD-1 than pembrolizumab and nivolumab, potentially due to its differential PD‑1 binding orientation. Tislelizumab demonstrated encouraging efficacy results, long duration of response, and a manageable safety profile across multiple clinical trials in advanced NSCLC. Ongoing trials of drug combinations (e.g. tislelizumab plus angiogenesis inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, or immune agonists) and examining efficacy across the severity of disease will provide opportunities to understand and feature tislelizumab in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, School of Medicine, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, School of Medicine, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, China
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Wauthoz N, Rosière R, Amighi K. Inhaled cytotoxic chemotherapy: clinical challenges, recent developments, and future prospects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 18:333-354. [PMID: 33050733 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1829590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since 1968, inhaled chemotherapy has been evaluated and has shown promising results up to phase II but has not yet reached the market. This is due to technological and clinical challenges that require to be overcome with the aim of optimizing the efficacy and the tolerance of drug to re-open new developments in this field. Moreover, recent changes in the therapeutic standard of care for treating the patient with lung cancer also open new opportunities to combine inhaled chemotherapy with standard treatments. AREAS COVERED Clinical and technological concerns are highlighted from the reported clinical trials made with inhaled cytotoxic chemotherapies. This work then focuses on new pharmaceutical developments using dry powder inhalers as inhalation devices and on formulation strategies based on controlled drug release and with sustained lung retention or based on nanomedicine. Finally, new clinical strategies are described in regard to the impact of the immunotherapy on the patient's standard of care. EXPERT OPINION The choice of the drug, inhalation device, and formulation strategy as well as the position of inhaled chemotherapy in the patient's clinical care are crucial factors in optimizing local tolerance and efficacy as well as in its scalability and applicability in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Wauthoz
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rémi Rosière
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karim Amighi
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Imamura Y, Toihata T, Haraguchi I, Ogata Y, Takamatsu M, Kuchiba A, Tanaka N, Gotoh O, Mori S, Nakashima Y, Oki E, Mori M, Oda Y, Taguchi K, Yamamoto M, Morita M, Yoshida N, Baba H, Mine S, Nunobe S, Sano T, Noda T, Watanabe M. Immunogenic characteristics of microsatellite instability-low esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma based on clinicopathological, molecular, immunological and survival analyses. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1260-1275. [PMID: 32997798 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is categorized by mutation frequency: high MSI (MSI-H), low MSI (MSI-L) and microsatellite stable (MSS). MSI-H tumors have a distinct immunogenic phenotype, with immunotherapies using checkpoint inhibitors already approved for the treatment of MSI-H gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA); this is not observed for MSI-L or MSS. Here, we tested the hypothesis that MSI-L tumors are also a distinct phenotype and potentially immunogenic. MSI-PCR assays (BAT25, BAT26, BAT40, D2S123, D5S346 and D17S250) were performed on 363 Epstein-Barr virus-negative, surgically resected esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma samples. Tumors were characterized as MSI-H (≥2 markers), MSI-L (1 marker) or MSS (0 markers). CD8+ cell counts, PD-L1 and HER2 expression levels, TP53 mutations, epigenetic alterations and prognostic significance were also examined. All pathological and molecular experiments were conducted using serial, whole-tumor sections of chemo-naïve surgical specimens. MSI-H and MSI-L were assigned to 28 (7.7%) and 24 (6.6%) cases, respectively. Compared to MSS cases, MSI-L cases had significantly higher intratumoral CD8+ cell infiltration (P = .048) and favorable EGJ cancer-specific survival (multivariate hazard ratio = 0.35, 95% CI, 0.12-0.82; P = .012). MSI-L tumors were also significantly associated with TP53-truncating mutations as compared to MSI-H (P = .009) and MSS (P = .012) cases, and this trend was also observed in GEA data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Indel mutational burden among TCGA MSI-L tumors was significantly higher than that of MSS tumors (P = .016). These results suggest that MSI-L tumors may have a distinct tumor phenotype and be potentially immunogenic in EGJ adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tasuku Toihata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikumi Haraguchi
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Ogata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Takamatsu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Kuchiba
- Division of Biostatistical Research, Center for Public Health Sciences/Biostatistics Division, CRAS, National Cancer Center Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Tanaka
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Gotoh
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Mori
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Morita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Mine
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Souya Nunobe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Noda
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Hu H, She L, Liao M, Shi Y, Yao L, Ding D, Zhu Y, Zeng S, Carbone DP, Huang J. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab vs. Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1649. [PMID: 33014826 PMCID: PMC7507990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The CheckMate 227 trial has indicated that nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared with chemotherapy significantly increases long-term survival in the first-line setting of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A Markov model was built to estimate the cost and effectiveness of nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs. chemotherapy as the first-line therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC based on outcomes data from the CheckMate 227 trial. We calculated the cost and health outcomes at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $150,000 per quality adjusted life year (QALY) in populations with different programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels (≥50, ≥1, and <1%) or a high tumor mutational burden (TMB) (≥10 mutations per megabase). Sensitivity analysis were used to test the model stability. Results: The outcomes showed that the incremental costs and QALYs by using nivolumab plus ipilimumab were $124180.76 and 1.16, $70951.42 and 0.53, $144093.63 and 0.83 for the advanced NSCLC patients with a PD-L1 expression ≥50%, ≥1%, and <1%, which led to an incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) of $107403.72, $133732.20, and $172589.15 per QALY, respectively. For patients with a high TMB, nivolumab plus ipilimumab contributed an extra 2.04 QALYs at a cost of $69182.50 per QALY. Conclusion: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab as first-line therapy makes a better cost-effective strategy than chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients with PD-L1 expression levels ≥50% and ≥1% or a high TMB, at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150,000 per QALY, but not in the patients with a PD-L1 expression <1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longjiang She
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengting Liao
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linli Yao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youwen Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - David P Carbone
- Barbara J. Bonner Chair in Lung Cancer Research, James Thoracic Center, James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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8
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Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have deeply changed the therapeutic landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have become standard front-line therapy, especially among patients with tumours expressing high levels of programmed death ligand-1; yet, many patients do not respond to therapy. This has led to the adoption of front-line combination therapies, administering programmed death-1 inhibitors concomitantly either with other checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy or both. Today’s approved standard of care includes options with chemoimmunotherapy or dual checkpoint blockade, but each combination has only been compared to chemotherapy alone and no head-to-head trials exist. In cross-trial comparisons, combinations trials appear to show numerically superior responses to single-agent checkpoint inhibitors but the question is whether they ultimately offer a survival advantage. In this manuscript, we summarize and analyse all currently available front-line immune-checkpoint inhibitor trials in non-small cell lung cancer, whether as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, second immunotherapy agents or both. Should standards of care change given the current data? While we ponder this question, we illustrate current data and conclude that the answer lies in tracking the tail of the survival curves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen V Liu
- Medical Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alfredo Addeo
- Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Ben Dori S, Aizic A, Sabo E, Hershkovitz D. Spatial heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression and the risk for misclassification of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:91-98. [PMID: 32683207 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-tumor heterogeneity for PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) might lead to inaccurate stratification of patients to immunotherapy. The purpose of this research was to quantitate the effect of different factors on the risk of inaccurate diagnosis of PD-L1 expression. METHODS MATLAB software was used to model tumor with a different fraction, distribution and clustering of PD-L1 protein expression and their effect on false positive and negative diagnosis in subsets of the modeled tumor (representing biopsies). Additionally, we evaluated the agreement between PD-L1 status in random segments and whole slides of PD-L1 stained clinical NSCLC cases. RESULTS Our computer-based model showed a significant increase in error rate when the fraction of PD-L1 positive cells was closer to the cut-off value (error rate of 33.33 %, 0.45 % and 0.74 % for PD-L1 positivity in 40-60%, ≤20 % and ≥80 % of tumor cells, respectively, P < 0.0001). In addition, biopsy size showed negative correlation with error rate (P < 0.0001) and larger clusters of PD-L1 positive cells were associated with higher error rate (P < 0.0001). Analysis of the clinical samples supported those of the computer-based model with higher error rate in cases with positive PD-L1 expression closer to the cutoff value. Based on our computerized model and clinical analysis, we developed a model to predict error rate based on biopsy size and the fraction of PD-L1 positive cells in the biopsy. CONCLUSION Analysis of small biopsies for PD-L1 expression might be associated with significant error rate. The model presented can be used to identify cases with increased risk for error in whom interpretation of the test results should be made with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Ben Dori
- B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
| | - Asaf Aizic
- Institute of Pathology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Edmond Sabo
- B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel; Institute of Pathology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dov Hershkovitz
- Institute of Pathology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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10
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Abstract
The combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab was evaluated versus standard treatments in melanoma and lung cancer. Analysis of these trials highlights the differences in outcomes and potential predictive biomarkers across tumor types as well as the multiple remaining questions concerning the optimal use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Robert
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France; Paris-Saclay university, 63 Rue Gabriel Péri, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Emilie Lanoy
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France; CESP, INSERM, Paris-Saclay, Paris-Sud University UVSQ, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France; Paris-Saclay university, 63 Rue Gabriel Péri, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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11
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She L, Hu H, Liao M, Xia X, Shi Y, Yao L, Ding D, Zhu Y, Zeng S, Shen L, Huang J, Carbone DP. Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 tumor proportion score 1% or greater. Lung Cancer 2019; 138:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Tan WL, Chua KLM, Lin CC, Lee VHF, Tho LM, Chan AW, Ho GF, Reungwetwattana T, Yang JC, Kim DW, Soo RA, Ahn YC, Onishi H, Ahn MJ, Mok TSK, Tan DSW, Yang F. Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group Expert Consensus Statement on Optimal Management of Stage III NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 15:324-343. [PMID: 31733357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stage III NSCLC represents a heterogeneous disease for which optimal treatment continues to pose a clinical challenge. Recent changes in the American Joint Commission on Cancer staging to the eighth edition has led to a shift in TNM stage grouping and redefined the subcategories (IIIA-C) in stage III NSCLC for better prognostication. Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy has remained standard-of-care for stage III NSCLC for almost 2 decades, contemporary considerations include the impact of different molecular subsets of NSCLC, and the roles of tyrosine kinase inhibitors post-definitive therapy and of immune checkpoint inhibitors following chemoradiotherapy. With rapid evolution of diagnostic algorithms and expanding treatment options, the need for interdisciplinary input involving multiple specialists (medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, pulmonologists, radiologists, pathologists and thoracic surgeons) has become increasingly important. The unique demographics of Asian NSCLC pose further challenges when applying clinical trial data into clinical practice. This includes differences in smoking rates, prevalence of oncogenic driver mutations, and access to health care resources including molecular testing, prompting the need for critical review of existing data and identification of current gaps. In this expert consensus statement by the Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group, an interdisciplinary group of experts representing Hong Kong, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and Mainland China was convened. Standard clinical practices for stage III NSCLC across different Asian countries were discussed from initial diagnosis and staging through to multi-modality approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ling Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore
| | - Kevin L M Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Victor H F Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Lye Mun Tho
- Clinical Oncology, Beacon Hospital, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Anthony W Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gwo Fuang Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University Malaya Medical Centre, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thanyanan Reungwetwattana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James C Yang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Hematology Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yong Chan Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hiroshi Onishi
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tony S K Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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