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Akhtar S, Shahid AA, Shakoor S, Ahmed M, Iftikhar S, Usmaan M, Sadaqat S, Latif A, Iqbal A, Rao AQ. Tissue specific expression of bacterial cellulose synthase (Bcs) genes improves cotton fiber length and strength. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111576. [PMID: 36565935 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fiber growing inside the cotton bolls is a highly demandable product and its quality is key to the success of the textile industry. Despite the various efforts to improve cotton fiber staple length Pakistan has to import millions of bales to sustain its industrial needs. To improve cotton fiber quality Bacterial cellulose synthase (Bcs) genes (acsA, acsB) were expressed in a local cotton variety CEMB-00. In silico studies revealed a number of conserved domains both in the cotton-derived and bacterial cellulose synthases which are essential for the cellulose synthesis. Transformation efficiency of 1.27% was achieved by using Agrobacterium shoot apex cut method of transformation. The quantitative mRNA expression analysis of the Bcs genes in transgenic cotton fiber was found to be many folds higher during secondary cell wall synthesis stage (35 DPA) than the expression during elongation phase (10 DPA). Average fiber length of the transgenic cotton plant lines S-00-07, S-00-11, S-00-16 and S-00-23 was calculated to be 13.02% higher than that of the non-transgenic control plants. Likewise, the average fiber strength was found to be 20.92% higher with an enhanced cellulose content of 22.45%. The mutated indigenous cellulose synthase genes of cotton generated through application of CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in 6.03% and 12.10% decrease in fiber length and strength respectively. Furthermore, mature cotton fibers of transgenic cotton plants were found to have increased number of twists with smooth surface as compared to non-transgenic control when analyzed under scanning electron microscope. XRD analysis of cotton fibers revealed less cellulose crystallinity index in transgenic cotton fibers as compared to control fibers due to deposition of more amorphous cellulose in transgenic fibers as a result of Bcs gene expression. This study paved the way towards unraveling the fact that Bcs genes influence cellulose synthase activity and this enzyme helps in determining the fate of cotton fiber length and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Akhtar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Shakoor
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtar Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Government Boys College Sokasan Bhimber, Higher Education Department (HED), Azad Jaumm and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Iftikhar
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usmaan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Sadaqat
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Latif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Iqbal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870 Blonie, Poland
| | - Abdul Qayyum Rao
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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A bioinformatic evaluation of potential allergenicity of 85 candidate genes in transgenic organisms. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Thanh T, Chi VTQ, Omar H, Abdullah MP, Napis S. Sequence analysis and potentials of the native RbcS promoter in the development of an alternative eukaryotic expression system using green Microalga Ankistrodesmus convolutus. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:2676-2691. [PMID: 22489117 PMCID: PMC3317680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13032676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of highly active homologous promoters is critical in the development of a transformation system and improvement of the transformation efficiency. To facilitate transformation of green microalga Ankistrodesmus convolutus which is considered as a potential candidate for many biotechnological applications, a highly-expressed native promoter sequence of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit (AcRbcS) has been used to drive the expression of β-glucuronidase (gusA) gene in this microalga. Besides the determination of the transcription start site by 5'-RACE, sequence analysis revealed that AcRbcS promoter contained consensus TATA-box and several putative cis-acting elements, including some representative light-regulatory elements (e.g., G-box, Sp1 motif and SORLIP2), which confer light responsiveness in plants, and several potential conserved motifs (e.g., CAGAC-motif, YCCYTGG-motifs and CACCACA-motif), which may be involved in light responsiveness of RbcS gene in green microalgae. Using AcRbcS promoter::gusA translational fusion, it was demonstrated that this promoter could function as a light-regulated promoter in transgenic A. convolutus, which suggested that the isolated AcRbcS promoter was a full and active promoter sequence that contained all cis-elements required for developmental and light-mediated control of gene expression, and this promoter can be used to drive the expression of heterologous genes in A. convolutus. This achievement therefore advances the development of A. convolutus as an alternative expression system for the production of recombinant proteins. This is the first report on development of gene manipulation system for unicellular green alga A. convolutus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Suhaimi Napis
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: or ; Tel.: +603-8947-1207; Fax: +603-8948-3514
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Park HM, Jeon EJ, Waminal NE, Shin KS, Kweon SJ, Park BS, Suh SC, Kim HH. Detection of transgenes in three genetically modified rice lines by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genes Genomics 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-010-0064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Santos AP, Wegel E, Allen GC, Thompson WF, Stoger E, Shaw P, Abranches R. In situ methods to localize transgenes and transcripts in interphase nuclei: a tool for transgenic plant research. PLANT METHODS 2006; 2:18. [PMID: 17081287 PMCID: PMC1635696 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-2-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2006] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering of commercially important crops has become routine in many laboratories. However, the inability to predict where a transgene will integrate and to efficiently select plants with stable levels of transgenic expression remains a limitation of this technology. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful technique that can be used to visualize transgene integration sites and provide a better understanding of transgene behavior. Studies using FISH to characterize transgene integration have focused primarily on metaphase chromosomes, because the number and position of integration sites on the chromosomes are more easily determined at this stage. However gene (and transgene) expression occurs mainly during interphase. In order to accurately predict the activity of a transgene, it is critical to understand its location and dynamics in the three-dimensional interphase nucleus. We and others have developed in situ methods to visualize transgenes (including single copy genes) and their transcripts during interphase from different tissues and plant species. These techniques reduce the time necessary for characterization of transgene integration by eliminating the need for time-consuming segregation analysis, and extend characterization to the interphase nucleus, thus increasing the likelihood of accurate prediction of transgene activity. Furthermore, this approach is useful for studying nuclear organization and the dynamics of genes and chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Santos
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Eva Wegel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - George C Allen
- Plant Transformation Laboratory (PTL), Departments of Crop Science and Horticultural Science, Campus Box 7550, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - William F Thompson
- Plant Gene Expression Laboratory, Campus Box 7550, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Eva Stoger
- Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Shaw
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Rita Abranches
- Plant Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, UNL, Av. República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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Saha P, Dasgupta I, Das S. A novel approach for developing resistance in rice against phloem limited viruses by antagonizing the phloem feeding hemipteran vectors. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 62:735-52. [PMID: 16941213 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-006-9054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rice production is known to be severely affected by virus transmitting rice pests, brown planthopper (BPH) and green leafhopper (GLH) of the order hemiptera, feeding by phloem abstraction. ASAL, a novel lectin from leaves of garlic (Allium sativum) was previously demonstrated to be toxic towards hemipteran pests when administered in artificial diet as well as in ASAL expressing transgenic plants. In this report ASAL was targeted under the control of phloem-specific Agrobacterium rolC and rice sucrose synthase-1 (RSs1) promoters at the insect feeding site into popular rice cultivar, susceptible to hemipteran pests. PCR, Southern blot and C-PRINS analyses of transgenic plants have confirmed stable T-DNA integration and the transgenes were co-segregated among self-fertilized progenies. The T(0) and T(1) plants, harbouring single copy of intact T-DNA expression cassette, exhibit stable expression of ASAL in northern and western blot analyses. ELISA showed that the level of expressed ASAL was as high as 1.01% of total soluble protein. Immunohistofluorescence localization of ASAL depicted the expected expression patterns regulated by each promoter type. In-planta bioassay studies revealed that transgenic ASAL adversely affect survival, growth and population of BPH and GLH. GLH resistant T(1) plants were further evaluated for the incidence of tungro disease, caused by co-infection of GLH vectored Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), which appeared to be dramatically reduced. The result presented here is the first report of such GLH mediated resistance to infection by RTBV/RTSV in ASAL expressing transgenic rice plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Saha
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
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Saha P, Majumder P, Dutta I, Ray T, Roy SC, Das S. Transgenic rice expressing Allium sativum leaf lectin with enhanced resistance against sap-sucking insect pests. PLANTA 2006; 223:1329-43. [PMID: 16404581 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-005-0182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mannose binding Allium sativum leaf agglutinin (ASAL) has been shown to be antifeedant and insecticidal against sap-sucking insects. In the present investigation, ASAL coding sequence was expressed under the control of CaMV35S promoter in a chimeric gene cassette containing plant selection marker, hpt and gusA reporter gene of pCAMBIA1301 binary vector in an elite indica rice cv. IR64. Many fertile transgenic plants were generated using scutellar calli as initial explants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technology. GUS activity was observed in selected calli and in mature plants. Transformation frequency was calculated to be approximately 12.1%+/-0.351 (mean +/- SE). Southern blot analyses revealed the integration of ASAL gene into rice genome with a predominant single copy insertion. Transgene localization was detected on chromosomes of transformed plants using PRINS and C-PRINS techniques. Northern and western blot analyses determined the expression of transgene in transformed lines. ELISA analyses estimated ASAL expression up to 0.72 and 0.67% of total soluble protein in T0 and T1 plants, respectively. Survival and fecundity of brown planthopper and green leafhopper were reduced to 36% (P < 0.01), 32% (P < 0.05) and 40.5, 29.5% (P < 0.001), respectively, when tested on selected plants in comparison to control plants. Specific binding of expressed ASAL to receptor proteins of insect gut was analysed. Analysis of T1 progenies confirmed the inheritance of the transgenes. Thus, ASAL promises to be a potential component in insect resistance rice breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Saha
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Genetics, Bose Institute, P1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VII (M), 700054 Kolkata, India
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Xiong ZY, Tan GX, He GY, He GC, Song YC. Cytogenetic comparisons between A and G genomes in Oryza using genomic in situ hybridization. Cell Res 2006; 16:260-6. [PMID: 16541124 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cr.7310033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomic structures of Oryza sativa (A genome) and O. meyeriana (G genome) were comparatively studied using bicolor genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). GISH was clearly able to discriminate between the chromosomes of O. sativa and O. meyeriana in the interspecific F1 hybrids without blocking DNA, and co-hybridization was hardly detected. The average mitotic chromosome length of O. meyeriana was found to be 1.69 times that of O. sativa. A comparison of 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining showed that the chromosomes of O. meyeriana were more extensively labelled, suggesting that the G genome is amplified with more repetitive sequences than the A genome. In interphase nuclei, 9-12 chromocenters were normally detected and nearly all the chromocenters constituted the G genome-specific DNA. More and larger chromocenters formed by chromatin compaction corresponding to the G genome were detected in the hybrid compared with its parents. During pachytene of the F1 hybrid, most chromosomes of A and G did not synapse each other except for 1-2 chromosomes paired at the end of their arms. At meiotic metaphase I, three types of chromosomal associations, i.e. O. sativa-O. sativa (A-A), O. sativa-O. meyeriana (A-G) and O. meyeriana-O. meyeriana (G-G), were observed in the F1 hybrid. The A-G chromosome pairing configurations included bivalents and trivalents. The results provided a foundation toward studying genome organization and evolution of O. meyeriana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Travella S, Ross SM, Harden J, Everett C, Snape JW, Harwood WA. A comparison of transgenic barley lines produced by particle bombardment and Agrobacterium-mediated techniques. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2005; 23:780-9. [PMID: 15761662 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Revised: 09/15/2004] [Accepted: 09/16/2004] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two barley transformation systems, Agrobacterium-mediated and particle bombardment, were compared in terms of transformation efficiency, transgene copy number, expression, inheritance and physical structure of the transgenic loci using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). The efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was double that obtained with particle bombardment. While 100% of the Agrobacterium-derived lines integrated between one and three copies of the transgene, 60% of the transgenic lines derived by particle bombardment integrated more than eight copies of the transgene. In most of the Agrobacterium-derived lines, the integrated T-DNA was stable and inherited as a simple Mendelian trait. Transgene silencing was frequently observed in the T1 populations of the bombardment-derived lines. The FISH technique was able to reveal additional details of the transgene integration site. For the efficient production of transgenic barley plants, with stable transgene expression and reduced silencing, the Agrobacterium-mediated method appears to offer significant advantages over particle bombardment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Travella
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
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