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Wan JSH, Bonser SP, Pang CK, Fazlioglu F, Rutherford S. Adaptive responses to living in stressful habitats: Do invasive and native plant populations use different strategies? Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14419. [PMID: 38613177 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Plants inhabit stressful environments characterized by a variety of stressors, including mine sites, mountains, deserts, and high latitudes. Populations from stressful and reference (non-stressful) sites often have performance differences. However, while invasive and native species may respond differently to stressful environments, there is limited understanding of the patterns in reaction norms of populations from these sites. Here, we use phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis to assess the performance of populations under stress and non-stress conditions. We ask whether stress populations of natives and invasives differ in the magnitude of lowered performance under non-stress conditions and if they vary in the degree of performance advantage under stress. We also assessed whether these distinctions differ with stress intensity. Our findings revealed that natives not only have greater adaptive advantages but also more performance reductions than invasives. Populations from very stressful sites had more efficient adaptations, and performance costs increased with stress intensity in natives only. Overall, the results support the notion that adaptation is frequently costless. Reproductive output was most closely associated with adaptive costs and benefits. Our study characterized the adaptive strategies used by invasive and native plants under stressful conditions, thereby providing important insights into the limitations of adaptation to extreme sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S H Wan
- Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanic Science, Royal Botanic Garden Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen P Bonser
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clara K Pang
- PlantClinic, Australian Institute of Botanical Science, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Susan Rutherford
- Center for Sustainable Environmental and Ecosystem Research, Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, The Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, Union, New Jersey, USA
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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3
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Smith AL, Hodkinson TR, Villellas J, Catford JA, Csergő AM, Blomberg SP, Crone EE, Ehrlén J, Garcia MB, Laine AL, Roach DA, Salguero-Gómez R, Wardle GM, Childs DZ, Elderd BD, Finn A, Munné-Bosch S, Baudraz MEA, Bódis J, Brearley FQ, Bucharova A, Caruso CM, Duncan RP, Dwyer JM, Gooden B, Groenteman R, Hamre LN, Helm A, Kelly R, Laanisto L, Lonati M, Moore JL, Morales M, Olsen SL, Pärtel M, Petry WK, Ramula S, Rasmussen PU, Enri SR, Roeder A, Roscher C, Saastamoinen M, Tack AJM, Töpper JP, Vose GE, Wandrag EM, Wingler A, Buckley YM. Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:4218-4227. [PMID: 32034102 PMCID: PMC7049112 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915848117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
When plants establish outside their native range, their ability to adapt to the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, the relative importance of these two factors is poorly understood. To quantify the influence of demography and dispersal on patterns of genetic diversity underlying adaptation, we used data from a globally distributed demographic research network comprising 35 native and 18 nonnative populations of Plantago lanceolata Species-specific simulation experiments showed that dispersal would dilute demographic influences on genetic diversity at local scales. Populations in the native European range had strong spatial genetic structure associated with geographic distance and precipitation seasonality. In contrast, nonnative populations had weaker spatial genetic structure that was not associated with environmental gradients but with higher within-population genetic diversity. Our findings show that dispersal caused by repeated, long-distance, human-mediated introductions has allowed invasive plant populations to overcome environmental constraints on genetic diversity, even without strong demographic changes. The impact of invasive plants may, therefore, increase with repeated introductions, highlighting the need to constrain future introductions of species even if they already exist in an area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel L Smith
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Trevor R Hodkinson
- Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jesus Villellas
- Departamento Biogeografía y Cambio Global, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (MNCN-CSIC), E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jane A Catford
- Department of Geography, King's College London, WC2B 4BG London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Mária Csergő
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Szent István University, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
- Soroksár Botanical Garden, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Szent István University, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simone P Blomberg
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Johan Ehrlén
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria B Garcia
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, CSIC, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Anna-Liisa Laine
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Deborah A Roach
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | | | - Glenda M Wardle
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dylan Z Childs
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Bret D Elderd
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Alain Finn
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maude E A Baudraz
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Judit Bódis
- Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Francis Q Brearley
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, M1 5GD Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Bucharova
- Plant Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Ecosystem and Biodiversity Research Group, Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christina M Caruso
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Richard P Duncan
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - John M Dwyer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- CSIRO Land & Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ben Gooden
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, CSIRO, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | | | - Liv Norunn Hamre
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, N-6856 Sogndal, Norway
| | - Aveliina Helm
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ruth Kelly
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lauri Laanisto
- Biodiversity and Nature Tourism, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michele Lonati
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10015 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Melanie Morales
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group of Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Faculty of Biology, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Siri Lie Olsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Meelis Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - William K Petry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Satu Ramula
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Pil U Rasmussen
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Simone Ravetto Enri
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10015 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Anna Roeder
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig (iDiv), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig (iDiv), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marjo Saastamoinen
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Research Programme, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ayco J M Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gregory E Vose
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Elizabeth M Wandrag
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Astrid Wingler
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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4
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Stojanova B, Šurinová M, Klápště J, Koláříková V, Hadincová V, Münzbergová Z. Adaptive differentiation of Festuca rubra along a climate gradient revealed by molecular markers and quantitative traits. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194670. [PMID: 29617461 PMCID: PMC5884518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Species response to climate change is influenced by predictable (selective) and unpredictable (random) evolutionary processes. To understand how climate change will affect present-day species, it is necessary to assess their adaptive potential and distinguish it from the effects of random processes. This will allow predicting how different genotypes will respond to forecasted environmental change. Space for time substitution experiments are an elegant way to test the response of present day populations to climate variation in real time. Here we assess neutral and putatively adaptive variation in 11 populations of Festuca rubra situated along crossed gradients of temperature and moisture using molecular markers and phenotypic measurements, respectively. By comparing population differentiation in putatively neutral molecular markers and phenotypic traits (QST-FST comparisons), we show the existence of adaptive differentiation in phenotypic traits and their plasticity across the climatic gradient. The observed patterns of differentiation are due to the high genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the populations from the coldest (and wettest) environment. Finally, we observe statistically significant covariation between markers and phenotypic traits, which is likely caused by isolation by adaptation. These results contribute to a better understanding of the current adaptation and evolutionary potential to face climate change of a widespread species. They can also be extrapolated to understand how the studied populations will adjust to upcoming climate change without going through the lengthy process of phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Stojanova
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Šurinová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Klápště
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Veronika Koláříková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Věroslava Hadincová
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
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