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Liu A, Henke M, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xu D, Liu X, Li T. Investigation of the impact of supplemental reflective films to improve micro-light climate within tomato plant canopy in solar greenhouses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:966596. [PMID: 36082293 PMCID: PMC9445499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The non-uniform growth and development of crops within Chinese Solar Greenhouses (CSG) is directly related to the micro-light climate within canopy. In practice, reflective films are used to improve micro-light climate within plant canopy by homogenizing light distribution and so increasing total plant light interception. However, as to our knowledge, the contributions to light distribution within canopy have not been investigated for passive reflector like reflective films. Field experiments dealing with light conditions and growth behavior over time, are complicated to carry out, time-consuming and hard to control, while however, accurate measurements of how reflective films influence the micro-light climate of canopy are an essential step to improve the growth conditions for any crop. Here, we propose a supplementary light strategy using reflective films to improve light distribution within plant canopy. Based on the example of CSG, a 3D greenhouse model including a detailed 3D tomato canopy structure was constructed to simulate the influence of supplementary reflective films to improve micro-light climate. Comparison of measured solar radiation intensity with predicted model data demonstrated that the model could precisely predict light radiation intensity over time with different time points and positions in the greenhouse. A series of reflective film configurations were investigated based on features analysis of light distribution in the tomato canopy on sunny days using the proposed model. The reflective film configuration scheme with the highest impact significantly improved the evenness of horizontal and vertical light distribution in tomato canopy. The strategy provided here can be used to configure reflective films that will enhance light conditions in CSG, which can be applied and extended in different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhua Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
| | - Michael Henke
- Plant Sciences Core Facility, CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Yiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
| | - Demin Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
| | - Xingan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang,China
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Determination of the Optimal Orientation of Chinese Solar Greenhouses Using 3D Light Environment Simulations. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the continuous use of resources, solar energy is expected to be the most used sustainable energy. To improve the solar energy efficiency in Chinese Solar Greenhouses (CSG), the effect of CSG orientation on intercepted solar radiation was systematically studied. By using a 3D CSG model and a detailed crop canopy model, the light environment within CSG was optimized. Taking the most widely used Liao-Shen type Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG-LS) as the prototype, the simulation was fully verified. The intercepted solar radiation of the maintenance structures and crops was used as the evaluation index. The results showed that the highest amount of solar radiation intercepted by the maintenance structures occurred in the CSG orientations of 4–6° south to west (S-W) in 36.8° N and 38° N areas, 8–10° S-W in 41.8° N areas, and 2–4° south to east (S-E) in 43.6° N areas. The solar radiation intercepted by the crop canopy displayed the highest value at an orientation of 2–4° S-W in 36.8° N, 38° N, 43.6° N areas, and 4–6° S-W in the 41.8° N area. Furthermore, the proposed model could provide scientific guidance for greenhouse crop modelling.
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Barillot R, De Swaef T, Combes D, Durand JL, Escobar-Gutiérrez AJ, Martre P, Perrot C, Roy E, Frak E. Leaf elongation response to blue light is mediated by stomatal-induced variations in transpiration in Festuca arundinacea. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2642-2656. [PMID: 33326568 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reduced blue light irradiance is known to enhance leaf elongation rate (LER) in grasses, but the mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. We investigated whether leaf elongation response to reduced blue light could be mediated by stomata-induced variations of plant transpiration. Two experiments were carried out on tall fescue in order to monitor LER and transpiration under reduced blue light irradiance. Additionally, LER dynamics were compared with those observed in the response to vapour pressure deficit (VPD)-induced variations of transpiration. Finally, we developed a model of water flow within a tiller to simulate the observed short-term response of LER to various transpiration regimes. LER dramatically increased in response to blue light reduction and then reached new steady states, which remained higher than the control. Reduced blue light triggered a simultaneous stomatal closure which induced an immediate decrease of leaf transpiration. The hydraulic model of leaf elongation accurately predicted the LER response to blue light and VPD, resulting from an increase in the growth-induced water potential gradient in the leaf growth zone. Our results suggest that the blue light signal is sensed by stomata of expanded leaves and transduced to the leaf growth zone through the hydraulic architecture of the tiller.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom De Swaef
- Plant Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Martre
- INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LEPSE, Montpellier, France
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Vermeiren J, Villers SLY, Wittemans L, Vanlommel W, van Roy J, Marien H, Coussement JR, Steppe K. Quantifying the importance of a realistic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaflet shape for 3-D light modelling. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:661-670. [PMID: 31840158 PMCID: PMC7489060 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Leaflet shapes of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) have been reduced to simple geometric shapes in previous functional-structural plant models (FSPMs) in order to facilitate measurements and reduce the time required to reconstruct the plant virtually. The level of error that such simplifications introduce remains unaddressed. This study therefore aims to quantify the modelling error associated with simplifying leaflet shapes. METHODS Realistic shapes were implemented in a static tomato FSPM based on leaflet scans, and simulation results were compared to simple geometric shapes used in previous tomato FSPMs in terms of light absorption and gross photosynthesis, for both a single plant and a glasshouse scenario. KEY RESULTS The effect of simplifying leaflet shapes in FSPMs leads to small but significant differences in light absorption, alterations of canopy light conditions and differences in photosynthesis. The magnitude of these differences depends on both the type of leaflet shape simplification used and the canopy shape and density. Incorporation of realistic shapes requires a small increase in initial measurement and modelling work to establish a shape database and comes at the cost of a slight increase in computation time. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the error associated with leaflet shape simplification is small, but often unpredictable, and is affected by plant structure but also lamp placement, which is often a primary optimization goal of these static models. Assessment of the cost-benefit of realistic shape inclusion shows relatively little drawbacks for a decrease in model uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Vermeiren
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Selwyn L Y Villers
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieve Wittemans
- Research Station for Vegetable Production, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | | | - Jeroen van Roy
- Knowledge Centre for Energy-related Research, Thomas More, Geel, Belgium
| | - Herman Marien
- Knowledge Centre for Energy-related Research, Thomas More, Geel, Belgium
| | - Jonas R Coussement
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathy Steppe
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Coussement JR, De Swaef T, Lootens P, Steppe K. Turgor-driven plant growth applied in a soybean functional-structural plant model. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:729-744. [PMID: 32304206 PMCID: PMC7489068 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Turgor pressure within a plant cell represents the key to the mechanistical descriptiion of plant growth, combining the effects of both water and carbon availability. The high level of spatio-temporal variation and diurnal dynamics in turgor pressure within a single plant make it a challenge to model these on the fine spatial scale required for functional-structural plant models (FSPMs). A conceptual model for turgor-driven growth in FSPMs has been established previously, but its practical use has not yet been explored. METHODS A turgor-driven growth model was incorporated in a newly established FSPM for soybean. The FSPM simulates dynamics in photosynthesis, transpiration and turgor pressure in direct relation to plant growth. Comparisons of simulations with field data were used to evaluate the potential and shortcomings of the modelling approach. KEY RESULTS Model simulations revealed the need to include an initial seed carbon contribution, a more realistic sink function, an estimation of respiration, and the distinction between osmotic and structural sugars, in order to achieve a realistic model of plant growth. However, differences between simulations and observations remained in individual organ growth patterns and under different environmental conditions. This exposed the need to further investigate the assumptions of developmental and environmental (in)sensitivity of the parameters, which represent physiological and biophysical organ properties in the model, in future research. CONCLUSIONS The model in its current form is primarily a diagnostic tool, to better understand and model the behaviour of water relations on the scale of individual plant organs throughout the plant life cycle. Potential future applications include its use as a phenotyping tool to capture differences in plant performance between genotypes and growing environments in terms of specific plant characteristics. Additionally, focused experiments can be used to further improve the model mechanisms to lead to better predictive FSPMs, including scenarios of water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas R Coussement
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Gent, Belgium
- Plant Sciences Unit, Institute of Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Caritasstraat 39, Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom De Swaef
- Plant Sciences Unit, Institute of Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Caritasstraat 39, Melle, Belgium
| | - Peter Lootens
- Plant Sciences Unit, Institute of Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Caritasstraat 39, Melle, Belgium
| | - Kathy Steppe
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Gent, Belgium
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Maes WH, Steppe K. Perspectives for Remote Sensing with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Precision Agriculture. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:152-164. [PMID: 30558964 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Remote sensing with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a game-changer in precision agriculture. It offers unprecedented spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution, but can also provide detailed vegetation height data and multiangular observations. In this article, we review the progress of remote sensing with UAVs in drought stress, in weed and pathogen detection, in nutrient status and growth vigor assessment, and in yield prediction. To transfer this knowledge to everyday practice of precision agriculture, future research should focus on exploiting the complementarity of hyperspectral or multispectral data with thermal data, on integrating observations into robust transfer or growth models rather than linear regression models, and on combining UAV products with other spatially explicit information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H Maes
- Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Management (LHWM), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Kathy Steppe
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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