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Albuquerque-Lima S, Lopes AV, Machado IC. Reproductive isolation between two sympatric bat-pollinated Bauhinia (Leguminosae). JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:65-77. [PMID: 37991585 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Several barriers contribute to reproductive isolation between plant species, which can be classified as pre- or post-pollination. Understanding the strength of these barriers could clarify the factors that maintain reproductive isolation and thus species integrity. In this study, we quantified reproductive isolation between two bat-pollinated co-occurring Bauhinia species (B. acuruana and B. pentandra) with similar flower morphology. Over the course of 18 months, we assessed reproductive isolation between these two Bauhinia species by quantifying the individual strengths and absolute contributions of five pre- and post- pollination barriers. Our data showed that both species are completely isolated in their reproduction by a combination of several barriers. Although they co-occur in a few populations, we found a high degree of geographic isolation between them. And although their flowering periods overlap, there is a significant difference in flowering peaks. Both species have the same pollinating bats, but the interspecific transfer of pollen between the plant species may be reduced due to the different length of the flower stamens, resulting in different pollen deposition on the bats' bodies. We have documented complete incompatibility between taxa and conclude that pre- and post-pollination barriers are important factors in preventing gene flow, even in contact zones between these two species of Bauhinia. We highlight that our work is the first study to use methods to estimate the strength of reproductive isolation barriers between bat-pollinated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinzinando Albuquerque-Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia Floral e Reprodutiva and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 123, Lanhei Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Ariadna Valentina Lopes
- Laboratório de Biologia Floral e Reprodutiva and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Machado
- Laboratório de Biologia Floral e Reprodutiva and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Štenc J, Janošík L, Matoušková E, Hadrava J, Mikát M, Janovský Z. Pollinator visitation closely tracks diurnal patterns in pollen release. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023:e16179. [PMID: 37200483 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Animal-pollinated plants face a high risk of pollen loss during its transfer. To limit the negative effect of pollen losses by pollen consumption and heterospecific transfer, plant species may adjust and stratify their pollen availability during the day (i.e., "schedule" their pollen presentation) and attract pollinators in specific time frames. METHODS We investigated diurnal patterns of pollen availability and pollinator visitation in three coflowering plant species: Succisa pratensis with open flowers and accessible pollen, pollinated mainly by pollen-feeding hoverflies; Centaurea jacea with open flowers and less accessible pollen, pollinated mainly by pollen-collecting bees; and Trifolium hybridum with closed flowers and pollen accessible only after the active opening of the flower, pollinated exclusively by bees. RESULTS The three plant species differed in the peak pollen availability, tracked by the visitation activity of their pollinators. Succisa pratensis released all pollen in the morning, while pollinator activity was still low and peaked with a slight delay. In contrast, C. jacea and T. hybridum had distinct pollen presentation schedules, peaking in the early afternoon. The pollinator visitation to both of these species closely matched their pollen availability. CONCLUSIONS Stratifying pollen availability to pollinators during the day may be one of several mechanisms that allow coflowering plants to share their pollinators and decrease the probability of heterospecific pollen transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Štenc
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 41, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Janošík
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 41, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Matoušková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 41, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hadrava
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 41, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Mikát
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 41, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, 203D, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Canada
- Department of General Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences 1-Biosciences, Martin Luther University, Hoher Weg 8, 06100 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Zdeněk Janovský
- Svatý Jan t. Krsovice 1, 285 04 Uhlířské Janovice, Czech Republic
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Milet-Pinheiro P, Domingos-Melo A, Olivera JB, Albuquerque NSL, Costa ACG, Albuquerque-Lima S, Silva MFR, Navarro DMAF, Maia ACD, Gundersen LL, Schubert M, Dötterl S, Machado IC. A Semivolatile Floral Scent Marks the Shift to a Novel Pollination System in Bromeliads. Curr Biol 2021; 31:860-868.e4. [PMID: 33338429 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Perfume flowers (sensu Vogel1) produce intense scents that function both as attractants and as the sole rewards for pollinators. The scent is collected exclusively by male euglossine bees and used during pre-mating behavior.2-5 Perfume flowers have evolved independently in 15 angiosperm families, with over 1,000 reported species across the Neotropical region.6 Members of Cryptanthus (Bromeliaceae) represent a puzzling exception among perfume flowers, as flowers produce nectar and do not emit a noticeable scent yet still attract euglossine males.7 Here, we studied the pollination ecology of Cryptanthus burle-marxii and decode the chemical communication between its flowers and euglossine males. Field observations revealed euglossine males and hummingbirds as potential pollinators. The bees always contacted anthers/stigma of C. burle-marxii while scraping the petals to obtain chemicals, whereas nectar-seeking hummingbirds normally only contacted the anthers. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of flower scent samples and bioassays, we identified the diterpene copalol as the only floral scent compound triggering scent-gathering behavior in euglossine males. Unlike euglossine-bee-mediated pollination, hummingbird pollination is ancestral in the Cryptanthus clade, suggesting a case of an ongoing pollinator shift8-10 mediated by the evolution of perfume as a reward. Copalol was previously unknown as a floral scent constituent and represents the heaviest and least-volatile compound known to attract euglossine males. Our study provides the first experimental evidence that semivolatile floral compounds can mediate euglossine bee interactions. Male euglossine pollination in other plant species lacking noticeable floral scents11-13 suggests that semivolatile-mediated pollinator attraction is more widespread than currently appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Milet-Pinheiro
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Arthur Domingos-Melo
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - João B Olivera
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Nayara S L Albuquerque
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina G Costa
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sinzinando Albuquerque-Lima
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F R Silva
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Daniela M A F Navarro
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Artur C D Maia
- Departament of Systematics and Ecology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Schubert
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Dötterl
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Isabel C Machado
- Departament of Botany, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Liu R, Gao Y, Fan Z, Wang X, Xiao J, Zhang Q. Within-day temporal isolation of two species of Iris (Iridaceae) sharing the same pollinator. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Knowledge of factors driving reproductive isolation is essential to understand the process of speciation. To study the reproductive isolation of two closely related species with overlapping flowering seasons, Iris domestica and Iris dichotoma, we compared their reproductive system, floral biology and pollination biology. The results indicated that I. domestica was facultatively xenogamous, whereas I. dichotoma was facultatively autogamous. Although the two species differed significantly in floral colour, floral diameter, floral structure, nectar volume, flower opening and closing times, they shared the same diurnal pollinator, the honeybee Apis cerana. The frequency of pollination by A. cerana did not differ significantly between the two species, but honeybee pollination of I. domestica was more efficient compared with that of I. dichotoma. Despite the difference in floral structure between the two species, both species deposited pollen on the same parts of the body of honeybees. The temporal partitioning of within-day flowering times between I. domestica (from 07.15 to 08.15 h to 18.00 to 19.00 h) and I. dichotoma (from 15.45 to 16.15 h to 22.00 to 23.00 h), together with the time memory of honeybees, meant that the two species did not overlap in the time of their pollination, thus leading to temporal isolation as a major driver of reproductive isolation between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yike Gao
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuping Fan
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzi Wang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Wood JR, Muñoz-Rodríguez P, Williams BR, Scotland RW. A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World. PHYTOKEYS 2020; 143:1-823. [PMID: 32577084 PMCID: PMC7298354 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A monograph of the 425 New World species of Ipomoea is presented. All 425 species are described and information is provided on their ecology and distribution, with citations from all countries from which they are reported. Notes are provided on salient characteristics and taxonomic issues related to individual species. A full synonymy is provided and 272 names are lectotypified. An extensive introduction discusses the delimitation and history of Ipomoea arguing that a broad generic concept is the only rational solution in the light of recent phylogenetic advances. Although no formal infrageneric classification is proposed, attention is drawn to the major clades of the genus and several morphologically well-defined clades are discussed including those traditionally treated under the names Arborescens, Batatas, Pharbitis, Calonyction and Quamoclit, sometimes as distinct genera, subgenera, sections or series. Identification keys are provided on a regional basis including multi-entry keys for the main continental blocks. Six species are described as new, Ipomoea nivea J.R.I. Wood & Scotland from Peru, I. apodiensis J.R.I. Wood & Scotland from Brazil, I. calcicola J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. pochutlensis J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. zacatecana J.R.I. Wood & Scotland and I. ramulosa J.R.I. Wood & Scotland from Mexico, while var. australis of I. cordatotriloba is raised to specific status as I. australis (O'Donell) J.R.I. Wood & P. Muñoz. New subspecies for I. nitida (subsp. krapovickasii J.R.I. Wood & Scotland) and for I. chenopodiifolia (subsp. bellator J.R.I. Wood & Scotland) are described. The status of previously recognized species and varieties is changed so the following new subspecies are recognized: I. amnicola subsp. chiliantha (Hallier f.) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. chenopodiifolia subsp. signata (House) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. orizabensis subsp. collina (House) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. orizabensis subsp. austromexicana (J.A. McDonald) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. orizabensis subsp. novogaliciana (J.A. McDonald) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. setosa subsp. pavonii (Hallier f.) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. setosa subsp. melanotricha (Brandegee) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. setosa subsp. sepacuitensis (Donn. Sm.) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland, I. ternifolia subsp. leptotoma (Torr.) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland. Ipomoea angustata and I. subincana are treated as var. angustata (Brandegee) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland and var. subincana (Choisy) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland of I. barbatisepala and I. brasiliana respectively. Attention is drawn to a number of hitherto poorly recognized phenomena in the genus including a very large radiation centred on the Parana region of South America and another on the Caribbean Islands, a strong trend towards an amphitropical distribution in the New World, the existence of a relatively large number of species with a pantropical distribution and of many species in different clades with storage roots, most of which have never been evaluated for economic purposes. The treatment is illustrated with over 200 figures composed of line drawings and photographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R.I. Wood
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UKUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Honorary Research Associate, Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, UKRoyal Botanic GardenKewUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Robert W. Scotland
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UKUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Temeles EJ, Liang J, Levy MC, Fan YL. Floral isolation and pollination in two hummingbird-pollinated plants: the roles of exploitation barriers and pollinator competition. Evol Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-019-09992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rodrigues DM, Caballero-Villalobos L, Turchetto C, Assis Jacques R, Kuhlemeier C, Freitas LB. Do we truly understand pollination syndromes in Petunia as much as we suppose? AOB PLANTS 2018; 10:ply057. [PMID: 30386543 PMCID: PMC6202611 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/ply057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Petunia is endemic to South America grasslands; member of this genus exhibit variation in flower colour and shape, attracting bees, hawkmoths or hummingbirds. This group of plants is thus an excellent model system for evolutionary studies of diversification associated with pollinator shifts. Our aims were to identify the legitimate pollinator of Petunia secreta, a rare and endemic species, and to assess the importance of floral traits in pollinator attraction in this Petunia species. To determine the legitimate pollinator, field observations were conducted, and all floral visitors were recorded and evaluated. We also measured the nectar volume and sugar concentration. To characterize morphological cues for pollinators, we assessed the ultraviolet (UV)-light response in detached flowers, and characterized the floral pigments and pollen volatile scents for four different Petunia species that present different pollination syndromes. Petunia secreta shares the most recent ancestor with a white hawkmoth-pollinated species, P. axillaris, but presents flavonols and anthocyanin pigments responsible for the pink corolla colour and UV-light responses that are common to bee-pollinated Petunia species. Our study showed that a solitary bee in the genus Pseudagapostemon was the most frequent pollinator of P. secreta, and these bees collect only pollen as a reward. Despite being mainly bee-pollinated, different functional groups of pollinators visit P. secreta. Nectar volume, sugar concentration per flower, morphology and components of pollen scent would appear to be attractive to several different pollinator groups. Notably, the corolla includes a narrow tube with nectar at its base that cannot be reached by Pseudagapostemon, and flowers of P. secreta appear to follow an evolutionary transition, with traits attractive to several functional groups of pollinators. Additionally, the present study shows that differences in the volatiles of pollen scent are relevant for plant mutualistic and antagonist interactions in Petunia species and that pollen scent profile plays a key role in characterizing pollination syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lina Caballero-Villalobos
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Turchetto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Assis Jacques
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cris Kuhlemeier
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Altenbergrain, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Loreta B Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Mesquita‐Neto JN, Blüthgen N, Schlindwein C. Flowers with poricidal anthers and their complex interaction networks—Disentangling legitimate pollinators and illegitimate visitors. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José N. Mesquita‐Neto
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ecologia de Abejas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas y Químicas, Faculdad de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Católica del Maule Talca Chile
| | - Nico Blüthgen
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
| | - Clemens Schlindwein
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Ferreira BHS, Gomes AC, Souza CS, Fabri JR, Sigrist MR. Pollination and reproductive system of synchronopatric species of Cactaceae (Cactoideae) subject to interspecific flow of pollen: an example of ecological adaptation in the Brazilian Chaco. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:101-112. [PMID: 28977737 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three synchronopatric Cactaceae species, Echinopsis rhodotricha, Harrisia balansae and Praecereus saxicola, have mostly nocturnal anthesis and similar flowers, characteristics that motivated us to perform a comparative study of reproductive ecology. Reproductive phenology was sampled monthly from December 2014 to November 2015. We describe floral biology, breeding system via pollination treatments and evaluate floral visitors from focal and filming observations. Pollen grains found on moth proboscis were compared among cactus species under light microscopy. We used fluorescent dye particles to test intra- and interspecific pollen flow. These three species have extended flowering with greater intensity in the wet season, causing high overlap. They have white and hypocrateriformis flowers that open at twilight or nightfall and last about 15 h. H. balansae seems to be self-incompatible, while E. rhodotricha presented self-compatibility. P. saxicola presented self-fertility, but most of the population seems to be self-incompatible. We suggest sphingophily for the three species, but only P. saxicola was visited by Manduca rustica (Sphingidae). However, we observed pollen grains of all three species on the proboscis of moths, especially M. rustica and M. sexta. Prolonged anthesis allowed bees (herein considered as secondary pollinators) to visit flowers of E. rhodotricha and P. saxicola. It can be concluded that the studied species share nocturnal and diurnal pollinators, suggesting interspecific pollen flow, which, however, could not be detected with fluorescent dye particles. In view of the low frequency of primary pollinators, it appears that these three species have different reproductive strategies, ensuring the fruiting and production of viable seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H S Ferreira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - A C Gomes
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - C S Souza
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - J R Fabri
- Laboratório de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - M R Sigrist
- Laboratório de Polinização, Reprodução e Fenologia de Plantas, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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