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Jain S, Bey GS, Forrester SN, Rahman-Filipiak A, Thompson Gonzalez N, Petrovsky DV, Kritchevsky SB, Brinkley TE. Aging, Race, and Health Disparities: Recommendations From the Research Centers Collaborative Network. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae028. [PMID: 38442186 PMCID: PMC11101762 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Racial disparities in adverse health outcomes with aging have been well described. Yet, much of the research focuses on racial comparisons, with relatively less attention to the identification of underlying mechanisms. To address these gaps, the Research Centers Collaborative Network held a workshop on aging, race, and health disparities to identify research priorities and inform the investigation, implementation, and dissemination of strategies to mitigate disparities in healthy aging. This article provides a summary of the key recommendations and highlights the need for research that builds a strong evidence base with both clinical and policy implications. Successful execution of these recommendations will require a concerted effort to increase participation of underrepresented groups in research through community engagement and partnerships. In addition, resources to support and promote the training and development of health disparities researchers will be critical in making health equity a shared responsibility for all major stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Jain
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ganga S Bey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah N Forrester
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Annalise Rahman-Filipiak
- Department of Psychiatry—Neuropsychology Section, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicole Thompson Gonzalez
- Department of Integrative Anthropological Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Darina V Petrovsky
- School of Nursing, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tina E Brinkley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Pembroke L, Sherman KA, Francis H, Dhillon HM, Gurney H, Gillatt D. Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cognitive Function in Prostate Cancer Survivors on Hormonal Treatments: A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09639-1. [PMID: 38642173 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Hormonal treatments (HT) for prostate cancer (e.g., androgen deprivation therapy) yield clinical and survival benefits, yet adverse cognitive changes may be a side effect. Since psychosocial factors are largely modifiable, interventions targeting these factors may help mitigate these adverse cognitive effects. This systematic review aimed to identify a range of psychosocial factors associated with cognitive function in individuals with prostate cancer undergoing HT and to determine whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate this effect. Applying PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of relevant databases conducted in September 2023 using terms related to prostate cancer, hormone therapy, and cognitive outcomes was undertaken. The search yielded 694 unique abstracts, with 11 studies included for analysis examining the relationship between cognitive function and the following psychosocial factors: psychological distress, fatigue, insomnia, and coping processes. Findings were mixed with only two studies reporting significant associations between cognitive performance with fatigue and depression. Three studies that included measures of perceived cognitive function identified associations with depression, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, illness threat appraisals, and coping styles. However, no studies found evidence for an association between self-reported and objective measures of cognitive functioning. Evidence regarding the association of interpersonal factors is lacking. Moreover, whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate the effect of HT on cognitive function still needs to be determined. Overall, the research exploring the association between psychosocial factors and cognitive function in prostate cancer survivors undergoing HT is still in its infancy. Further research is required to optimize the implementation of neuropsychological interventions for prostate cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Pembroke
- Lifespan Health and Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Kerry A Sherman
- Lifespan Health and Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Heather Francis
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Howard Gurney
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Health Sciences, Macquarie University Clinical Trials Unit (CTU), Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - David Gillatt
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Health Sciences, Macquarie, Macquarie University Urology Clinic, University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Clark AL, Thomas KR, Ortega N, Haley AP, Duarte A, O'Bryant S. Empirically derived psychosocial-behavioral phenotypes in Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino older adults enrolled in HABS-HD: Associations with AD biomarkers and cognitive outcomes. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1360-1373. [PMID: 37990803 PMCID: PMC10917046 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identification of psychosocial-behavioral phenotypes to understand within-group heterogeneity in risk and resiliency to Alzheimer's disease (AD) within Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino older adults is essential for the implementation of precision health approaches. METHODS A cluster analysis was performed on baseline measures of socioeconomic resources (annual income, social support, occupational complexity) and psychiatric distress (chronic stress, depression, anxiety) for 1220 racially/ethnically minoritized adults enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Analyses of covariance adjusting for sociodemographic factors examined phenotype differences in cognition and plasma AD biomarkers. RESULTS The cluster analysis identified (1) Low Resource/High Distress (n = 256); (2) High Resource/Low Distress (n = 485); and (3) Low Resource/Low Distress (n = 479) phenotypes. The Low Resource/High Distress phenotype displayed poorer cognition and higher plasma neurofilament light chain; differences between the High Resource/Low Distress and Low Resource/Low Distress phenotypes were minimal. DISCUSSION The identification of psychosocial-behavioral phenotypes within racially/ethnically minoritized older adults is crucial to the development of targeted AD prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. Clark
- Department of PsychologyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
- Research ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kelsey R. Thomas
- Research ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San Diego Medical SchoolLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nazareth Ortega
- Department of PsychologyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Andreana P. Haley
- Department of PsychologyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Audrey Duarte
- Department of PsychologyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Institute for Translational ResearchUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
- Department of Family MedicineUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
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Donders J, Wang Q. Psychological Correlates of Self-Rated Resilience in the Context of Subjective Cognitive Concerns in Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1578-1585. [PMID: 37114856 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate psychological correlates of self-rated resilience, as assessed with the 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), in older adults. In particular, we were interested in the degree to which self-rated resilience might be a protective factor against cognitive decline. METHOD In total, 100 adults aged 60-90 years who had been referred because of subjective cognitive concerns completed self-report measures of resilience, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and satisfaction with life. They also completed a test of learning and memory. Ratings about daily functioning at home and in the community were obtained from both participants and proxy informants. RESULTS Resilience ratings correlated strongly negatively with concurrent self-rated symptoms of anxiety and depression, and strongly positively with self-rated life satisfaction. However, only informant ratings of daily functioning correlated with actual participant performance on a test of learning and memory, with lower ratings being associated with worse test performance. CONCLUSIONS Self-rated resilience, as measured by the CD-RISC-10, is primarily related to subjective well-being and does not inform sufficiently about relative risk for cognitive dysfunction in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus Donders
- Department of Psychology, Mary Free Bed Rehabilitation Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Qingzheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA
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Jiang J, Fan L, Liu J. The knowledge domain of cognitive neuroscience of aging: A Scientometric and bibliometric analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:999594. [PMID: 36845653 PMCID: PMC9947251 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.999594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive neuroscience of aging (CNA) is a relatively young field compared with other branches of cognitive aging (CA). From the beginning of this century, scholars in CNA have contributed many valuable research to explain the cognitive ability decline in aging brains in terms of functional changes, neuromechanism, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, very few studies have systematically reviewed the research in the domain of CAN, with regard to its primary research topics, theories, findings, and future development. Therefore, this study used CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 1,462 published articles in CNA from Web of Science (WOS) and investigated the highly influential and potential research topics and theories of CNA, as well as important brain areas involved in CAN during 2000-2021. The results revealed that: (1) the research topics of "memory" and "attention" have been the focus of most studies, progressing into a fMRI-oriented stage; (2) the scaffolding theory and hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults model hold a key status in CNA, characterizing aging as a dynamic process and presenting compensatory relationships between different brain areas; and (3) age-related changes always occur in temporal (especially the hippocampus), parietal, and frontal lobes and the cognitive declines establish the compensation relationship between the anterior and posterior regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Jiang
- Research Institute of Foreign Language, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Fan
- National Research Center for Foreign Language Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Haidian, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lin Fan,
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Foreign Studies, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Hamlin AM, Kraal AZ, Sol K, Morris EP, Martino AG, Zaheed AB, Zahodne LB. Social engagement and its links to cognition differ across non-Hispanic Black and White older adults. Neuropsychology 2022; 36:640-650. [PMID: 35797177 PMCID: PMC10034713 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Racial inequalities in dementia have been linked to disparities in socioeconomic status, chronic diseases, and psychosocial stress. Less focus has been given to psychosocial protective factors. Previous studies suggest that social engagement promotes better cognitive aging, but few have examined whether social engagement or its associations with cognition vary across non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and Blacks (NHB). METHOD Participants included 465 adults (53% NHB) from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (Mage = 63.59 ± 3.15) who completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Social engagement was operationalized as network size, frequency of social activity participation, and social support. Cognition was operationalized using factor scores corresponding to five domains: episodic memory, executive functioning, processing speed, language, and visuospatial functioning. Cross-sectional associations between social engagement and cognitive outcomes were examined using race-stratified regressions controlling for age, sex/gender, education, wealth, marital status, depressive symptoms, and chronic diseases. RESULTS There were no racial differences in social network size or social support. NHB participants reported less social activity participation than NHW participants. Social activity participation was positively associated with memory in NHW, but not NHB. CONCLUSIONS These findings may suggest a threshold effect whereby NHB older adults are less likely to participate in social activities at the level needed to yield cognitive benefits. Lower social activity participation among NHB may reflect structural barriers and/or cultural differences in patterns of social engagement. This study highlights the need to improve measurement of and access to culturally relevant social activities for NHB to combat racial inequalities in cognitive aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey M. Hamlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - A. Zarina Kraal
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ketlyne Sol
- Social Environment and Health Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Emily P. Morris
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Gelfo F, Petrosini L. Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cerebellar Compensation and Develops Cerebellar Reserve. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095697. [PMID: 35565093 PMCID: PMC9099498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The brain is able to change its structure and function in response to environmental stimulations. Several human and animal studies have documented that enhanced stimulations provide individuals with strengthened brain structure and function that allow them to better cope with damage. In this framework, studies based on the exposure of animals to environmental enrichment (EE) have provided indications of the mechanisms involved in such a beneficial action. The cerebellum is a very plastic brain region that responds to every experience with deep structural and functional rearrangement. The present review specifically aims to collect and synthesize the evidence provided by animal models on EE exposure effects on cerebellar structure and function by considering the studies on healthy subjects and on animals exposed to EE both before and after damage involving cerebellar functionality. On the whole, the evidence supports the role of EE in enhancing cerebellar compensation and developing cerebellar reserve. However, since studies addressing this issue are still scarce, large areas of inconsistency and lack of clarity remain. Further studies are required to provide suggestions on possible mechanisms of enhancement of compensatory responses in human patients following cerebellar damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gelfo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Petrosini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
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Randolph JJ, Miller JB. The Science of Brain Health: State-of-the-Art Perspectives and Clinical Applications. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:1255-1256. [PMID: 34651646 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John J Randolph
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Randolph Neuropsychology Associates, PLLC, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Justin B Miller
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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