1
|
Wang R, Yao B, Tan Z, Mao C, Ma Y, Qu J. Effect of Warming on Personality of Mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis) and Medaka Fish ( Oryzias latipes). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2101. [PMID: 39061563 PMCID: PMC11273402 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Global warming may accelerate the process of biological invasions, and invasive species that can quickly adapt to new environments will have a negative impact on native species. Animal personalities have significant implications for ecology and evolution. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the combined effects of climate warming and biological invasions on native species. In this study, we hypothesized that temperature was positively correlated with personality, and invasive species had stronger personalities than native species. Accordingly, we established control (20 °C) and warming groups (20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C) to rear mosquitofish and medaka fish, individuals acclimatized to rearing temperatures for 7 days, then measured their personalities (sociability, exploration, novelty, and boldness). The results showed that individuals exhibited repeatable variation along the four behavioral axes across all temperature conditions, providing evidence for the presence of personalities. Significant positive correlations were found between each pair of behaviors, indicating the presence of behavioral syndrome. Sociability and exploration were most affected by temperature, showing increasing trends in sociability, exploration, and novelty in both invasive and native species with rising temperatures. Compared to medaka fish, mosquitofish exhibited higher exploration and lower sociability at elevated temperatures, while showing little change in boldness. Our results provide evidence that increased temperatures may promote biological invasions and pose a potential threat to the survival of native species. These findings are significant for understanding the complex impacts of climate change on ecosystems and for formulating effective biodiversity preservation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
| | - Baohui Yao
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhaoxian Tan
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
| | - Chengjie Mao
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yonggui Ma
- School of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (R.W.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Sanjiangyuan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; (B.Y.); (C.M.)
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jacobs LF. The PROUST hypothesis: the embodiment of olfactory cognition. Anim Cogn 2023; 26:59-72. [PMID: 36542172 PMCID: PMC9877075 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-022-01734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The extension of cognition beyond the brain to the body and beyond the body to the environment is an area of debate in philosophy and the cognitive sciences. Yet, these debates largely overlook olfaction, a sensory modality used by most animals. Here, I use the philosopher's framework to explore the implications of embodiment for olfactory cognition. The philosopher's 4E framework comprises embodied cognition, emerging from a nervous system characterized by its interactions with its body. The necessity of action for perception adds enacted cognition. Cognition is further embedded in the sensory inputs of the individual and is extended beyond the individual to information stored in its physical and social environments. Further, embodiment must fulfill the criterion of mutual manipulability, where an agent's cognitive state is involved in continual, reciprocal influences with its environment. Cognition cannot be understood divorced from evolutionary history, however, and I propose adding evolved, as a fifth term to the 4E framework. We must, therefore, begin at the beginning, with chemosensation, a sensory modality that underlies purposive behavior, from bacteria to humans. The PROUST hypothesis (perceiving and reconstructing odor utility in space and time) describers how olfaction, this ancient scaffold and common denominator of animal cognition, fulfills the criteria of embodied cognition. Olfactory cognition, with its near universal taxonomic distribution as well as the near absence of conscious representation in humans, may offer us the best sensorimotor system for the study of embodiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia F. Jacobs
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Warrington MH, Beaulieu S, Vos S, Jellicoe R, Bennett NC, Waterman JM. Personalities are not associated with different reproductive tactics in male Cape ground squirrels, Xerus inauris. Anim Behav 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
4
|
Synyshyn C, Green-Pucella AE, Balshine S. Nonmating behavioural differences between male tactics in the invasive round goby. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
5
|
Hyun H, Han CS. Morph-specific life-history correlations in a wing-dimorphic water strider. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1340-1346. [PMID: 34109692 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Life-history theory predicts a negative correlation between reproduction and survival because individuals differ in their investment in early reproduction at the expense of survival. However, life-history trade-offs can be masked when individual differences in resource allocation are smaller than those in resource acquisition. In polymorphic species, as distinct morphs exhibit differences in intrinsic physiology, the relative effects of resource acquisition and allocation on life-history traits will differ between morphs, contributing to morph-specific life-history correlations. Here, in the wing-dimorphic water strider Aquarius paludum, we found that wing morphs differed in within-morph individual-level life-history correlations. Longer-lived flight-capable long-winged females produced fewer eggs per day and matured later, whereas life-history trade-offs were not observed in short-winged flightless females. The survival-reproduction trade-off observed in long-winged females may be a result of individual differences in the timing of wing muscle histolysis. Individuals that underwent wing histolysis early would have increased reproduction at the expense of a shorter life, whereas individuals with late wing histolysis would have reduced reproduction but a longer life. Short-winged females, who never develop wings, effectively have more resources to allocate to both survival and reproduction, masking any life-history trade-offs. Thus, we suggest that morph-specific effects of resource allocation trade-offs can shape the morph-specific extent of individual variation in life-history strategies, which may contribute to the evolution and maintenance of within-species polymorphism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoseul Hyun
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang S Han
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|