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Morales-Cruz A, Aguirre-Liguori J, Massonnet M, Minio A, Zaccheo M, Cochetel N, Walker A, Riaz S, Zhou Y, Cantu D, Gaut BS. Multigenic resistance to Xylella fastidiosa in wild grapes (Vitis sps.) and its implications within a changing climate. Commun Biol 2023; 6:580. [PMID: 37253933 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylella fastidiosa is a bacterium that infects crops like grapevines, coffee, almonds, citrus and olives. There is little understanding of the genes that contribute to plant resistance, the genomic architecture of resistance, and the potential role of climate in shaping resistance, in part because major crops like grapevines (Vitis vinifera) are not resistant to the bacterium. Here we study a wild grapevine species, V. arizonica, that segregates for resistance. Using genome-wide association, we identify candidate resistance genes. Resistance-associated kmers are shared with a sister species of V. arizonica but not with more distant species, suggesting that resistance evolved more than once. Finally, resistance is climate dependent, because individuals from low ( < 10 °C) temperature locations in the wettest quarter were typically susceptible to infection, likely reflecting a lack of pathogen pressure in colder climates. In fact, climate is as effective a predictor of resistance phenotypes as some genetic markers. We extend our climate observations to additional crops, predicting that increased pathogen pressure is more likely for grapevines and almonds than some other susceptible crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Morales-Cruz
- U.S. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jonas Aguirre-Liguori
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mélanie Massonnet
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Minio
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mirella Zaccheo
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Noe Cochetel
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Walker
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Summaira Riaz
- San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Center, United States Dept of Agriculture, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 7 Pengfei Road, Shenzen, 518120, China.
| | - Dario Cantu
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Dept. of Viticulture and Enology, One Shields Avenue, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616-5270, USA.
| | - Brandon S Gaut
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 321 Steinhaus Hall UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617-2525, USA.
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