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Hazell Pickering S, Abdelhalim M, Collas P, Briand N. Alternative isoform expression of key thermogenic genes in human beige adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1395750. [PMID: 38859907 PMCID: PMC11163967 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1395750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The beneficial effect of thermogenic adipocytes in maintaining body weight and protecting against metabolic disorders has raised interest in understanding the regulatory mechanisms defining white and beige adipocyte identity. Although alternative splicing has been shown to propagate adipose browning signals in mice, this has yet to be thoroughly investigated in human adipocytes. Methods We performed parallel white and beige adipogenic differentiation using primary adipose stem cells from 6 unrelated healthy subjects and assessed differential gene and isoform expression in mature adipocytes by RNA sequencing. Results We find 777 exon junctions with robust differential usage between white and beige adipocytes in all 6 subjects, mapping to 562 genes. Importantly, only 10% of these differentially spliced genes are also differentially expressed, indicating that alternative splicing constitutes an additional layer of gene expression regulation during beige adipocyte differentiation. Functional classification of alternative isoforms points to a gain of function for key thermogenic transcription factors such as PPARG and CITED1, and enzymes such as PEMT, or LPIN1. We find that a large majority of the splice variants arise from differential TSS usage, with beige-specific TSSs being enriched for PPARγ and MED1 binding compared to white-specific TSSs. Finally, we validate beige specific isoform expression at the protein level for two thermogenic regulators, PPARγ and PEMT. Discussion These results suggest that differential isoform expression through alternative TSS usage is an important regulatory mechanism for human adipocyte thermogenic specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hazell Pickering
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohamed Abdelhalim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Philippe Collas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nolwenn Briand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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2
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Jin P, Wang X, Jin Q, Zhang Y, Shen J, Jiang G, Zhu H, Zhao M, Wang D, Li Z, Zhou Y, Li W, Zhang W, Liu Y, Wang S, Jin W, Cao Y, Sheng G, Dong F, Wu S, Li X, Jin Z, He M, Liu X, Chen L, Zhang Y, Wang K, Li J. Mutant U2AF1-Induced Mis-Splicing of mRNA Translation Genes Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1583-1596. [PMID: 38417135 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Patients with primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a dismal long-term prognosis. Elucidating the resistance mechanisms to induction chemotherapy could help identify strategies to improve AML patient outcomes. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed the multiomics data of more than 1,500 AML cases and found that patients with spliceosome mutations had a higher risk of developing refractory disease. RNA splicing analysis revealed that the mis-spliced genes in refractory patients converged on translation-associated pathways, promoted mainly by U2AF1 mutations. Integrative analyses of binding and splicing in AML cell lines substantiated that the splicing perturbations of mRNA translation genes originated from both the loss and gain of mutant U2AF1 binding. In particular, the U2AF1S34F and U2AF1Q157R mutants orchestrated the inclusion of exon 11 (encoding a premature termination codon) in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2 (EIF4A2). This aberrant inclusion led to reduced eIF4A2 protein expression via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Consequently, U2AF1 mutations caused a net decrease in global mRNA translation that induced the integrated stress response (ISR) in AML cells, which was confirmed by single-cell RNA sequencing. The induction of ISR enhanced the ability of AML cells to respond and adapt to stress, contributing to chemoresistance. A pharmacologic inhibitor of ISR, ISRIB, sensitized U2AF1 mutant cells to chemotherapy. These findings highlight a resistance mechanism by which U2AF1 mutations drive chemoresistance and provide a therapeutic approach for AML through targeting the ISR pathway. SIGNIFICANCE U2AF1 mutations induce the integrated stress response by disrupting splicing of mRNA translation genes that improves AML cell fitness to enable resistance to chemotherapy, which can be targeted to improve AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuncan Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangying Sheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyi Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shishuang Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengke He
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaxin Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kankan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Rawat C, Heemers HV. Alternative splicing in prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Oncogene 2024; 43:1655-1668. [PMID: 38658776 PMCID: PMC11136669 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths in western men. CaP mortality results from diverse molecular mechanisms that mediate resistance to the standard of care treatments for metastatic disease. Recently, alternative splicing has been recognized as a hallmark of CaP aggressiveness. Alternative splicing events cause treatment resistance and aggressive CaP behavior and are determinants of the emergence of the two major types of late-stage treatment-resistant CaP, namely castration-resistant CaP (CRPC) and neuroendocrine CaP (NEPC). Here, we review recent multi-omics data that are uncovering the complicated landscape of alternative splicing events during CaP progression and the impact that different gene transcript isoforms can have on CaP cell biology and behavior. We discuss renewed insights in the molecular machinery by which alternative splicing occurs and contributes to the failure of systemic CaP therapies. The potential for alternative splicing events to serve as diagnostic markers and/or therapeutic targets is explored. We conclude by considering current challenges and promises associated with splicing-modulating therapies, and their potential for clinical translation into CaP patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rawat
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Hannelore V Heemers
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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4
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Santos LGC, Parreira VDSC, da Silva EMG, Santos MDM, Fernandes ADF, Neves-Ferreira AGDC, Carvalho PC, Freitas FCDP, Passetti F. SpliceProt 2.0: A Sequence Repository of Human, Mouse, and Rat Proteoforms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1183. [PMID: 38256255 PMCID: PMC10816255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SpliceProt 2.0 is a public proteogenomics database that aims to list the sequence of known proteins and potential new proteoforms in human, mouse, and rat proteomes. This updated repository provides an even broader range of computationally translated proteins and serves, for example, to aid with proteomic validation of splice variants absent from the reference UniProtKB/SwissProt database. We demonstrate the value of SpliceProt 2.0 to predict orthologous proteins between humans and murines based on transcript reconstruction, sequence annotation and detection at the transcriptome and proteome levels. In this release, the annotation data used in the reconstruction of transcripts based on the methodology of ternary matrices were acquired from new databases such as Ensembl, UniProt, and APPRIS. Another innovation implemented in the pipeline is the exclusion of transcripts predicted to be susceptible to degradation through the NMD pathway. Taken together, our repository and its applications represent a valuable resource for the proteogenomics community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Graziela Costa Santos
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Vinícius da Silva Coutinho Parreira
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Esdras Matheus Gomes da Silva
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brazil 4036, Campus Maré, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marlon Dias Mariano Santos
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexander da Franca Fernandes
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Gisele da Costa Neves-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brazil 4036, Campus Maré, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Costa Carvalho
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
| | - Flávia Cristina de Paula Freitas
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Passetti
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial De Curitiba, Curitiba 81310-020, PR, Brazil
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Venema WJ, Hiddingh S, van Loosdregt J, Bowes J, Balliu B, de Boer JH, Ossewaarde-van Norel J, Thompson SD, Langefeld CD, de Ligt A, van der Veken LT, Krijger PHL, de Laat W, Kuiper JJW. A cis-regulatory element regulates ERAP2 expression through autoimmune disease risk SNPs. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100460. [PMID: 38190099 PMCID: PMC10794781 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the ERAP2 gene are associated with various autoimmune conditions, as well as protection against lethal infections. Due to high linkage disequilibrium, numerous trait-associated SNPs are correlated with ERAP2 expression; however, their functional mechanisms remain unidentified. We show by reciprocal allelic replacement that ERAP2 expression is directly controlled by the splice region variant rs2248374. However, disease-associated variants in the downstream LNPEP gene promoter are independently associated with ERAP2 expression. Allele-specific conformation capture assays revealed long-range chromatin contacts between the gene promoters of LNPEP and ERAP2 and showed that interactions were stronger in patients carrying the alleles that increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Replacing the SNPs in the LNPEP promoter by reference sequences lowered ERAP2 expression. These findings show that multiple SNPs act in concert to regulate ERAP2 expression and that disease-associated variants can convert a gene promoter region into a potent enhancer of a distal gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter J Venema
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne Hiddingh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jorg van Loosdregt
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - John Bowes
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brunilda Balliu
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joke H de Boer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Susan D Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, and Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Aafke de Ligt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lars T van der Veken
- Department of Genetics, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H L Krijger
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter de Laat
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jonas J W Kuiper
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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6
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Wu C, Lu X, Lu S, Wang H, Li D, Zhao J, Jin J, Sun Z, He QY, Chen Y, Zhang G. Efficient Detection of the Alternative Spliced Human Proteome Using Translatome Sequencing. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:895746. [PMID: 35720116 PMCID: PMC9201276 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.895746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) isoforms create numerous proteoforms, expanding the complexity of the genome. Highly similar sequences, incomplete reference databases and the insufficient sequence coverage of mass spectrometry limit the identification of AS proteoforms. Here, we demonstrated full-length translating mRNAs (ribosome nascent-chain complex-bound mRNAs, RNC-mRNAs) sequencing (RNC-seq) strategy to sequence the entire translating mRNA using next-generation sequencing, including short-read and long-read technologies, to construct a protein database containing all translating AS isoforms. Taking the advantage of read length, short-read RNC-seq identified up to 15,289 genes and 15,906 AS isoforms in a single human cell line, much more than the Ribo-seq. The single-molecule long-read RNC-seq supplemented 4,429 annotated AS isoforms that were not identified by short-read datasets, and 4,525 novel AS isoforms that were not included in the public databases. Using such RNC-seq-guided database, we identified 6,766 annotated protein isoforms and 50 novel protein isoforms in mass spectrometry datasets. These results demonstrated the potential of full-length RNC-seq in investigating the proteome of AS isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjie Jin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gong Zhang, ; Yang Chen,
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gong Zhang, ; Yang Chen,
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Guillaudeux N, Belleannée C, Blanquart S. Identifying genes with conserved splicing structure and orthologous isoforms in human, mouse and dog. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:216. [PMID: 35303798 PMCID: PMC8933948 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In eukaryote transcriptomes, a significant amount of transcript diversity comes from genes' capacity to generate different transcripts through alternative splicing. Identifying orthologous alternative transcripts across multiple species is of particular interest for genome annotators. However, there is no formal definition of transcript orthology based on the splicing structure conservation. Likewise there is no public dataset benchmark providing groups of orthologous transcripts sharing a conserved splicing structure. RESULTS We introduced a formal definition of splicing structure orthology and we predicted transcript orthologs in human, mouse and dog. Applying a selective strategy, we analyzed 2,167 genes and their 18,109 known transcripts and identified a set of 253 gene orthologs that shared a conserved splicing structure in all three species. We predicted 6,861 transcript CDSs (coding sequence), mainly for dog, an emergent model species. Each predicted transcript was an ortholog of a known transcript: both share the same CDS splicing structure. Evidence for the existence of the predicted CDSs was found in external data. CONCLUSIONS We generated a dataset of 253 gene triplets, structurally conserved and sharing all their CDSs in human, mouse and dog, which correspond to 879 triplets of spliced CDS orthologs. We have released the dataset both as an SQL database and as tabulated files. The data consists of the 879 CDS orthology groups with their detailed splicing structures, and the predicted CDSs, associated with their experimental evidence. The 6,861 predicted CDSs are provided in GTF files. Our data may contribute to compare highly conserved genes across three species, for comparative transcriptomics at the isoform level, or for benchmarking splice aligners and methods focusing on the identification of splicing orthologs. The data is available at https://data-access.cesgo.org/index.php/s/V97GXxOS66NqTkZ .
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8
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Reixachs-Solé M, Eyras E. Uncovering the impacts of alternative splicing on the proteome with current omics techniques. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2022; 13:e1707. [PMID: 34979593 PMCID: PMC9542554 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The high‐throughput sequencing of cellular RNAs has underscored a broad effect of isoform diversification through alternative splicing on the transcriptome. Moreover, the differential production of transcript isoforms from gene loci has been recognized as a critical mechanism in cell differentiation, organismal development, and disease. Yet, the extent of the impact of alternative splicing on protein production and cellular function remains a matter of debate. Multiple experimental and computational approaches have been developed in recent years to address this question. These studies have unveiled how molecular changes at different steps in the RNA processing pathway can lead to differences in protein production and have functional effects. New and emerging experimental technologies open exciting new opportunities to develop new methods to fully establish the connection between messenger RNA expression and protein production and to further investigate how RNA variation impacts the proteome and cell function. This article is categorized under:RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing Translation > Regulation RNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Reixachs-Solé
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,EMBL Australia Partner Laboratory Network and the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Eduardo Eyras
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,EMBL Australia Partner Laboratory Network and the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Chen L, Wang L, Luo Y, Huang Q, Ji K, Bao J, Liu H. Integrated Proteotranscriptomics of Human Myometrium in Labor Landscape Reveals the Increased Molecular Associated With Inflammation Under Hypoxia Stress. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722816. [PMID: 34671346 PMCID: PMC8521035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During labor, a variety of coordinated physiological and biochemical events cause the myometrium to transition from a quiescent to contractile state; the molecular mechanisms responsible for this transition, however, remain unclear. To better understand this transition at a molecular level, the global transcriptome and proteome of human myometrial samples in labor and those not in labor were investigated through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) via data-independent acquisition (DIA) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) methods. Furthermore, an integrated proteotranscriptomic analysis was performed to explore biological processes and pathway alterations during labor; this analysis identified 1,626 differentially expressed mRNAs (1,101 upregulated, 525 downregulated) and 135 differentially expressed proteins (97 upregulated, 38 downregulated) in myometrium between nonlabor and in labor groups. The comprehensive results of these analyses showed that the upregulated mRNAs and proteins increased inflammation under hypoxia stress in the myometrium under labor, and related proteins and cytokines were validated by PRM and Luminex assays. Our study confirmed the biological process of inflammation and hypoxia in laboring myometrium at the transcriptome and proteome levels and provided recourse to discover new molecular and biological changes during labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lele Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyuan Ji
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Bao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishu Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Aledavood E, Forte A, Estarellas C, Javier Luque F. Structural basis of the selective activation of enzyme isoforms: Allosteric response to activators of β1- and β2-containing AMPK complexes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3394-3406. [PMID: 34194666 PMCID: PMC8217686 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key energy sensor regulating the cell metabolism in response to energy supply and demand. The evolutionary adaptation of AMPK to different tissues is accomplished through the expression of distinct isoforms that can form up to 12 complexes, which exhibit notable differences in the sensitivity to allosteric activators. To shed light into the molecular determinants of the allosteric regulation of this energy sensor, we have examined the structural and dynamical properties of β1- and β2-containing AMPK complexes formed with small molecule activators A-769662 and SC4, and dissected the mechanical response leading to active-like enzyme conformations through the analysis of interaction networks between structural domains. The results reveal the mechanical sensitivity of the α2β1 complex, in contrast with a larger resilience of the α2β2 species, especially regarding modulation by A-769662. Furthermore, binding of activators to α2β1 consistently promotes the pre-organization of the ATP-binding site, favoring the adoption of activated states of the enzyme. These findings are discussed in light of the changes in the residue content of β-subunit isoforms, particularly regarding the β1Asn111 → β2Asp111 substitution as a key factor in modulating the mechanical sensitivity of β1- and β2-containing AMPK complexes. Our studies pave the way for the design of activators tailored for improving the therapeutic treatment of tissue-specific metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Forte
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, Santa Coloma de Gramenet 08921, Spain
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11
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Mustonen EK, Lee SML, Nieß H, Schwab M, Pantsar T, Burk O. Identification and characterization of novel splice variants of human farnesoid X receptor. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 705:108893. [PMID: 33930378 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, which regulates bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism. Due to these functions, FXR has been investigated as a potential drug target for the treatment of liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Based on the previously described four splice variants, it has been suggested that alternative promoter usage and splicing may have an impact on total FXR activity as a result of encoding functionally diverse variants. Here we aimed for a systematic analysis of human hepatic FXR splice variants. In addition to the previously described FXRα1-4, we identified four novel splice variants (FXRα5-8) in human hepatocytes, which resulted from previously undetected exon skipping events. These newly identified isoforms displayed diminished DNA binding and impaired transactivation activities. Isoform FXRα5, which suppressed the transactivation activity of the functional isoform FXRα2, was further characterized as deficient in heterodimerization, coactivator recruitment and ligand binding. These findings were further supported by molecular dynamics simulations, which offered an explanation for the behavior of this isoform on the molecular level. FXRα5 exhibited low uniform expression levels in nearly all human tissues. Our systematic analysis of FXR splice variants in human hepatocytes resulted in the identification of four novel FXR isoforms, which all proved to be functionally deficient, but one novel variant, FXRα5, also displayed dominant negative activity. The possible associations with and roles of these novel isoforms in human liver diseases require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni-Kaisa Mustonen
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Serene M L Lee
- Biobank of the Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanno Nieß
- Biobank of the Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Departments of Clinical Pharmacology, and Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tatu Pantsar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Oliver Burk
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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12
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Bartha Á, Győrffy B. TNMplot.com: A Web Tool for the Comparison of Gene Expression in Normal, Tumor and Metastatic Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052622. [PMID: 33807717 PMCID: PMC7961455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes showing higher expression in either tumor or metastatic tissues can help in better understanding tumor formation and can serve as biomarkers of progression or as potential therapy targets. Our goal was to establish an integrated database using available transcriptome-level datasets and to create a web platform which enables the mining of this database by comparing normal, tumor and metastatic data across all genes in real time. We utilized data generated by either gene arrays from the Gene Expression Omnibus of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI-GEO) or RNA-seq from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), and The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) repositories. The altered expression within different platforms was analyzed separately. Statistical significance was computed using Mann–Whitney or Kruskal–Wallis tests. False Discovery Rate (FDR) was computed using the Benjamini–Hochberg method. The entire database contains 56,938 samples, including 33,520 samples from 3180 gene chip-based studies (453 metastatic, 29,376 tumorous and 3691 normal samples), 11,010 samples from TCGA (394 metastatic, 9886 tumorous and 730 normal), 1193 samples from TARGET (1 metastatic, 1180 tumorous and 12 normal) and 11,215 normal samples from GTEx. The most consistently upregulated genes across multiple tumor types were TOP2A (FC = 7.8), SPP1 (FC = 7.0) and CENPA (FC = 6.03), and the most consistently downregulated gene was ADH1B (FC = 0.15). Validation of differential expression using equally sized training and test sets confirmed the reliability of the database in breast, colon, and lung cancer at an FDR below 10%. The online analysis platform enables unrestricted mining of the database and is accessible at TNMplot.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áron Bartha
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3630-514-2822
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13
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Cheng AA, Li W, Walker TM, Silvers C, Arendt LM, Hernandez LL. Investigating the complex interplay between genotype and high-fat-diet feeding in the lactating mammary gland using the Tph1 and Ldlr knockout models. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E438-E452. [PMID: 33427054 PMCID: PMC7988787 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00456.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a prevailing problem across the globe. Women who are obese have difficulty initiating and sustaining lactation. However, the impact of genetics and diet on breastfeeding outcomes is understudied. Here we explore the effect of diet and genotype on lactation. We utilized the low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr-KO) transgenic mouse model as an obesity and hypercholesterolemia model. Additionally, we used the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1-KO) mouse, recently identified as a potential anti-obesogenic model, to investigate if addition of Tph1-KO could ameliorate negative effects of obesity in Ldlr-KO mice. We created a novel transgenic mouse line by combining the Ldlr and Tph1 [double knockout (DKO)] mice to study the interaction between the two genotypes. Female mice were fed a low-fat diet (LFD; 10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat) from 3 wk of age through early [lactation day 3 (L3)] or peak lactation [lactation day 11 (L11)]. After 4 wk of consuming either LFD or HFD, female mice were bred. On L2 and L10, dams were milked to investigate the effect of diet and genotype on milk composition. Dams were euthanized on L3 or L11. There was no impact of diet or genotype on milk protein or triglycerides (TGs) on L2; however, by L10, Ldlr-KO and DKO dams had increased TG levels in milk. RNA-sequencing of L11 mammary glands demonstrated Ldlr-KO dams fed HFD displayed enrichment of genes involved in immune system pathways. Interestingly, the DKO may alter vesicle budding and biogenesis during lactation. We also quantified macrophages by immunostaining for F4/80+ cells at L3 and L11. Diet played a significant role on L3 (P = 0.013), but genotype played a role at L11 (P < 0.0001) on numbers of F4/80+ cells. Thus the impact of diet and genotype on lactation differs depending on stage of lactation, illustrating complexities of understanding the intersection of these parameters.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have created a novel mouse model that is focused on understanding the intersection of diet and genotype on mammary gland function during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne A Cheng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wenli Li
- US Department of Agriculture-Dairy Forage, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Teresa M Walker
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Caylee Silvers
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Lisa M Arendt
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Laura L Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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14
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Louadi Z, Yuan K, Gress A, Tsoy O, Kalinina OV, Baumbach J, Kacprowski T, List M. DIGGER: exploring the functional role of alternative splicing in protein interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:D309-D318. [PMID: 32976589 PMCID: PMC7778957 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing plays a major role in regulating the functional repertoire of the proteome. However, isoform-specific effects to protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are usually overlooked, making it impossible to judge the functional role of individual exons on a systems biology level. We overcome this barrier by integrating protein-protein interactions, domain-domain interactions and residue-level interactions information to lift exon expression analysis to a network level. Our user-friendly database DIGGER is available at https://exbio.wzw.tum.de/digger and allows users to seamlessly switch between isoform and exon-centric views of the interactome and to extract sub-networks of relevant isoforms, making it an essential resource for studying mechanistic consequences of alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Louadi
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Kevin Yuan
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Alexander Gress
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Olga Tsoy
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Olga V Kalinina
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Markus List
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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15
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de la Fuente L, Arzalluz-Luque Á, Tardáguila M, Del Risco H, Martí C, Tarazona S, Salguero P, Scott R, Lerma A, Alastrue-Agudo A, Bonilla P, Newman JRB, Kosugi S, McIntyre LM, Moreno-Manzano V, Conesa A. tappAS: a comprehensive computational framework for the analysis of the functional impact of differential splicing. Genome Biol 2020; 21:119. [PMID: 32423416 PMCID: PMC7236505 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in long-read sequencing solve inaccuracies in alternative transcript identification of full-length transcripts in short-read RNA-Seq data, which encourages the development of methods for isoform-centered functional analysis. Here, we present tappAS, the first framework to enable a comprehensive Functional Iso-Transcriptomics (FIT) analysis, which is effective at revealing the functional impact of context-specific post-transcriptional regulation. tappAS uses isoform-resolved annotation of coding and non-coding functional domains, motifs, and sites, in combination with novel analysis methods to interrogate different aspects of the functional readout of transcript variants and isoform regulation. tappAS software and documentation are available at https://app.tappas.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena de la Fuente
- Genomics of Gene Expression Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
- Present Address: Bioinformatics Unit, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Arzalluz-Luque
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Polytechnical University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Tardáguila
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Present Address: Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Héctor Del Risco
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cristina Martí
- Genomics of Gene Expression Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Tarazona
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Polytechnical University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Salguero
- Genomics of Gene Expression Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raymond Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alberto Lerma
- Genomics of Gene Expression Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Alastrue-Agudo
- Present Address: Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pablo Bonilla
- Present Address: Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeremy R B Newman
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shunichi Kosugi
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Lauren M McIntyre
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Ana Conesa
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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16
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Chen H, Shaw D, Zeng J, Bu D, Jiang T. DIFFUSE: predicting isoform functions from sequences and expression profiles via deep learning. Bioinformatics 2019; 35:i284-i294. [PMID: 31510699 PMCID: PMC6612874 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Alternative splicing generates multiple isoforms from a single gene, greatly increasing the functional diversity of a genome. Although gene functions have been well studied, little is known about the specific functions of isoforms, making accurate prediction of isoform functions highly desirable. However, the existing approaches to predicting isoform functions are far from satisfactory due to at least two reasons: (i) unlike genes, isoform-level functional annotations are scarce. (ii) The information of isoform functions is concealed in various types of data including isoform sequences, co-expression relationship among isoforms, etc. RESULTS In this study, we present a novel approach, DIFFUSE (Deep learning-based prediction of IsoForm FUnctions from Sequences and Expression), to predict isoform functions. To integrate various types of data, our approach adopts a hybrid framework by first using a deep neural network (DNN) to predict the functions of isoforms from their genomic sequences and then refining the prediction using a conditional random field (CRF) based on co-expression relationship. To overcome the lack of isoform-level ground truth labels, we further propose an iterative semi-supervised learning algorithm to train both the DNN and CRF together. Our extensive computational experiments demonstrate that DIFFUSE could effectively predict the functions of isoforms and genes. It achieves an average area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.840 and area under the precision-recall curve of 0.581 over 4184 GO functional categories, which are significantly higher than the state-of-the-art methods. We further validate the prediction results by analyzing the correlation between functional similarity, sequence similarity, expression similarity and structural similarity, as well as the consistency between the predicted functions and some well-studied functional features of isoform sequences. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION https://github.com/haochenucr/DIFFUSE. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Compute Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Dipan Shaw
- Department of Compute Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jianyang Zeng
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Process, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Compute Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST/Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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