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Azzolini JL, Pratt SC, DeNardo DF. Hydration state does not affect selected body temperature during gravidity or gravidity duration in pythons (Antaresia childreni). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 293:111624. [PMID: 38462029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The embryonic development of many ectothermic species are highly sensitive to temperature and typically have a higher thermal optima than do most other physiological processes. Thus, female ectotherms often maintain a higher and more carefully controlled body temperature when she is supporting developing embryos (early development in oviparous species, throughout development in viviparous species). Considering the positive correlation between body temperature and evaporative water loss, this response could potentially exacerbate female water imbalance in water-limited environments, suggesting that female water balance and egg development may be in conflict. Using Children's pythons (Antaresia childreni), we hypothesized that water deprivation reduces thermophily during gravidity. We split reproductive females into two thermal treatments: those provided with a continuously available thermal gradient of 25-45 °C and those kept at a constant 31 °C. We also had seven non-reproductive females that were provided a thermal gradient. Within each thermal treatment group, we alternatingly assigned females to either have or not have water throughout gravidity. We found that reproduction increased female body temperature, but this increase was not affected by water regime. Reproduction also increased plasma osmolality, and lack of water during gravidity exacerbated this effect. We also found that thermal treatment, but not water regime, significantly influenced gravidity duration, with females given a thermogradient having a shorter gravidity duration, likely as a result of having a higher average body temperature than did the females provided constant heat. Finally, we found that females provided water throughout gravidity had greater clutch masses than did females without water. Further research is needed to improve scientific understanding of the interactions among water balance, body temperature, and various physiological performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill L Azzolini
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281-4501, USA.
| | - Stephen C Pratt
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281-4501, USA
| | - Dale F DeNardo
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281-4501, USA
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Brusch GA, Le Galliard J, Viton R, Gavira RSB, Clobert J, Lourdais O. Reproducing in a changing world: combined effects of thermal conditions by day and night and of water constraints during pregnancy in a cold‐adapted ectotherm. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George A. Brusch
- Biological Sciences, California State Univ. San Marcos San Marcos CA USA
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAe, Inst. d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement (IEES) Paris Cedex 5 France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Univ., Dépt de Biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron IleDeFrance) Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Robin Viton
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS Villiers en Bois France
| | | | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS Villiers en Bois France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State Univ. Tempe AZ USA
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Dezetter M, Le Galliard JF, Guiller G, Guillon M, Leroux-Coyau M, Meylan S, Brischoux F, Angelier F, Lourdais O. Water deprivation compromises maternal physiology and reproductive success in a cold and wet adapted snake Vipera berus. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab071. [PMID: 34512993 PMCID: PMC8415537 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Droughts are becoming more intense and frequent with climate change. These extreme weather events can lead to mass mortality and reproduction failure, and therefore cause population declines. Understanding how the reproductive physiology of organisms is affected by water shortages will help clarify whether females can adjust their reproductive strategy to dry conditions or may fail to reproduce and survive. In this study, we investigated the consequences of a short period of water deprivation (2 weeks) during early pregnancy on the physiology and behaviour of a cold- and wet-adapted ectotherm (Vipera berus). We also examined water allocation to developing embryos and embryonic survival. Water-deprived females exhibited significant dehydration, physiological stress and loss of muscle mass. These effects of water deprivation on water balance and muscle loss were correlated with the number of developing embryos. While water-deprived females maintained water transfer to embryos at the expense of their own maintenance, water deprivation also led to embryonic mortality. Overall, water deprivation amplifies the reproductive costs of water allocation to support embryonic development. The deleterious impacts of water deprivation on female current reproductive performance and on potential survival and future reproduction could lead to severe population declines in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Dezetter
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
- Corresponding author: Centre d’Étude Biologique de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France. Tel: + 33 (0) 5 49 09 35 52. Fax: + 33 (0) 5 49 09 65 26.
| | - Jean François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Département de Biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de Recherche en Écologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 11 Chemin de Busseau, 77140 Saint-Pierre lès-Nemours, France
| | | | - Michaël Guillon
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Mathieu Leroux-Coyau
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
- INSPE de Paris, Université Sorbonne, 10 rue Molitor, 75016 Paris, France
| | - François Brischoux
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Fréderic Angelier
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS, UMR 7372, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
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Brusch GA, Gavira RSB, Viton R, Dupoué A, Leroux-Coyau M, Meylan S, Le Galliard JF, Lourdais O. Additive effects of temperature and water availability on pregnancy in a viviparous lizard. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:223/19/jeb228064. [PMID: 33046578 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.228064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the greatest current threats to biodiversity is climate change. However, understanding of organismal responses to fluctuations in temperature and water availability is currently lacking, especially during fundamental life-history stages such as reproduction. To further explore how temperature and water availability impact maternal physiology and reproductive output, we used the viviparous form of the European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) in a two-by-two factorial design manipulating both hydric and thermal conditions, for the first time. We collected blood samples and morphological measurements during early pregnancy and post-parturition to investigate how water availability, temperature and a combination of the two influence maternal phenology, morphology, physiology and reproductive output. We observed that dehydration during gestation negatively affects maternal physiological condition (lower mass gain, higher tail reserve mobilization) but has little effect on reproductive output. These effects are mainly additive to temperature regimes, with a proportional increase in maternal costs in warmer environments. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering combined effects of water and temperature when investigating organismal responses to climate changes, especially during periods crucial for species survival such as reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Brusch
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France .,Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - Rodrigo S B Gavira
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Robin Viton
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Mathieu Leroux-Coyau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.,Ecole normale supérieure, PSL University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 11 chemin de Busseau, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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