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Van Dijk A, Nakamura G, Rodrigues AV, Maestri R, Duarte L. Imprints of tropical niche conservatism and historical dispersal in the radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves: Passeriformes). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Speciation events occurring within biogeographic regions, and historical dispersal between regions influence diversity patterns observed in present-day assemblages. Such assessment has been often performed based on the phylogenetic structure of local assemblages. We underline some issues with that approach, and show that more reliable evaluation of historical events influencing present-day diversity can be achieved by combining phylogenetic diversity to an estimate of species assemblage age based on ancestral range estimation. We apply the new approach to test two concurrent hypotheses—Tropical Niche Conservatism (TNC) and Out of The Tropics (OTT)—which provide alternative explanations to species richness gradients, as possible explanations to higher species richness in tropical assemblages of Tyrannidae birds in relation to temperate ones across the American continent. Tropical assemblages tended to be older and to show higher phylogenetic diversity than temperate ones, suggesting that recent events of historical dispersal carried out by few lineages likely drove species assembly in younger temperate assemblages. This finding provides support to TNC as the most probable explanation to species richness variation in tyrannid assemblages across the Americas. Combining phylogenetic structure measures with a flexible assemblage age metric calculated from ancestral range estimation allows deeper understanding of current diversity gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Van Dijk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15007, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15007, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Arthur V Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15007, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15007, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Leandro Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15007, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
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