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da Silva Moreira S, de Matos Manoel B, Inácio JPG, de Souza CG, Reis ACC, Jorge BC, de Aquino AM, Scarano WR, Cardoso CAL, Arena AC. Lactational exposure to venlafaxine provokes late repercussions on reproductive parameters in male rat offspring. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:387-401. [PMID: 36063371 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can affect hormone-dependent processes, such as the brain sexual differentiation. Because the use of these antidepressants cause concern during lactation, we evaluated the possible effects of venlafaxine on lactational exposure and its late repercussions on reproductive parameters in male rats. Lactating rats were exposed to venlafaxine (3.85, 7.7, or 15.4 mg/kg/body weight; gavage), from lactational day 1 to 20. Venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine residues were found in all milk samples of dams treated, demonstrating the lactational transfer of this antidepressant to the offspring. Although the maternal behavior was normal, the dams presented an increase in urea and uric acid levels in the groups treated with 7.7 and 15.4, respectively, as well as a spleen weight increased in the 3.85 and 15.4 groups. The male offspring showed a decrease in play behavior parameters in the intermediate dose group. Sperm analysis indicated a reduction in sperm motility in all treated groups. The androgen receptor expression in the hypothalamus was decreased in the highest dose group, although the sexual behavior had not been affected. In conclusion, venlafaxine was transferred through breast milk and promoted changes in play behavior, sperm quality, and hypothalamic androgen receptor (AR) content, which may indicate an incomplete masculinization of the brain of male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyane da Silva Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Matos Manoel
- School of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Gaspar Inácio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Carolina Gabrielli de Souza
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Casali Reis
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Campos Jorge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ariana Musa de Aquino
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Wellerson Rodrigo Scarano
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | | | - Arielle Cristina Arena
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil.,Center of Toxicological Assistance (CEATOX), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Univ. Estadual Paulista - Botucatu (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Effect of Chronic Moderate Caloric Restriction on the Reproductive Function in Aged Male Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061256. [PMID: 35334913 PMCID: PMC8952234 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to be an effective nutritional intervention for increasing longevity in some animal species. The objective of this study was to evaluate CR’s effects on metabolic and reproductive parameters in 12-month-old male Wistar rats. The rats were distributed in three groups: control, CR at 15%, and CR at 35% for 6 (up to 18 months of age) and 12 months (up to 24 months of age). At the end of CR treatment, we evaluated reproductive (male sexual behavior (MSB), sperm quality) and biochemical parameters (plasma glucose, glucose-regulating hormone, and sex steroid levels), and quantified annexin V in the seminiferous epithelium. Results showed that MSB and sperm quality were improved after 6 months of CR associated with increases in plasma testosterone and decrease annexin V in the seminiferous epithelium of the testicles compared to their control group. The metabolic profile of the CR rats also improved compared to controls. However, these effects of CR on reproductive parameters were not maintained after 12 months of CR. Findings suggest that beginning CR at the age of maturity reestablishes the behavioral sexual response and reproductive function in older animals after 6 months of CR and improves endocrine functioning during aging.
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