1
|
Wyckhuys KAG, Hadi BAR. Institutional Context of Pest Management Science in the Global South. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4143. [PMID: 38140470 PMCID: PMC10747170 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The natural sciences are receiving increasing attention in the Global South. This timely development may help mitigate global change and quicken an envisioned food system transformation. Yet in order to resolve complex issues such as agrochemical pollution, science ideally proceeds along suitable trajectories within appropriate institutional contexts. Here, we employ a systematic literature review to map the nature of inquiry and institutional context of pest management science in 65 low- and middle-income countries published from 2010 to 2020. Despite large inter-country variability, any given country generates an average of 5.9 publications per annum (range 0-45.9) and individual nations such as Brazil, Kenya, Benin, Vietnam, and Turkey engage extensively in regional cooperation. International development partners are prominent scientific actors in West Africa but are commonly outpaced by national institutions and foreign academia in other regions. Transnational institutions such as the CGIAR represent a 1.4-fold higher share of studies on host plant resistance but lag in public interest science disciplines such as biological control. Despite high levels of scientific abstraction, research conducted jointly with development partners shows real yet marginal improvements in incorporating the multiple (social-ecological) layers of the farming system. Added emphasis on integrative system-level approaches and agroecological or biodiversity-driven measures can extend the reach of science to unlock transformative change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kris A. G. Wyckhuys
- Chrysalis Consulting, Danang 50000, Vietnam
- Institute for Plant Protection, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia 4072, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramírez-León A, Avila-Foucat VS, Ezzine-de-Blas D. The historical trajectory of a coffee agri-food system: A case study in Oaxaca, Mexico. AMBIO 2023:10.1007/s13280-023-01893-6. [PMID: 37490227 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Agri-food social-ecological systems (AFSES) embrace complex interactions and processes of food production, processing, and commercialization that are subject to constant changes. This study develops a heuristic approach using the adaptive cycle (AC) and a transformation potential measure to identify the historical trajectory of a coffee AFSES at a watershed scale in Copalita, Mexico, over 40 years from 1980 to 2020. Primary information was collected through semistructured interviews. The results show that the system interactions depend on economic, social, and environmental stressors and shocks affecting different temporal and spatial scales. The cumulative effects of driving forces and adaptive strategies have influenced the system to not complete the AC phases. Additionally, the results show that some adaptive strategies can become new stressors with time. Driving forces, adaptive strategies, tipping points, trade-offs and interactions within the AFSES could be identified as the main aspects defining system resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ramírez-León
- Postgraduate of Sustainability Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Oriente 163 Número 234, Col. Campestre Aragón, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07530, Mexico City, México.
| | - Veronique Sophie Avila-Foucat
- Economics Research Institute and National Coastal Resilience Laboratory, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Mario de la Cueva, Ciudad de la Investigación en Humanidades, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Driss Ezzine-de-Blas
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yletyinen J, Perry GLW, Burge OR, Mason NWH, Stahlmann‐Brown P. Invasion landscapes as social‐ecological systems: Role of social factors in invasive plant species control. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
4
|
Yletyinen J, Perry GLW, Stahlmann-Brown P, Pech R, Tylianakis JM. Multiple social network influences can generate unexpected environmental outcomes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9768. [PMID: 33963221 PMCID: PMC8105375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of social networks can make a critical contribution to achieving desirable environmental outcomes. Social-ecological systems are complex, adaptive systems in which environmental decision makers adapt to a changing social and ecological context. However, it remains unclear how multiple social influences interact with environmental feedbacks to generate environmental outcomes. Based on national-scale survey data and a social-ecological agent-based model in the context of voluntary private land conservation, our results suggest that social influences can operate synergistically or antagonistically, thereby enabling behaviors to spread by two or more mechanisms that amplify each other's effects. Furthermore, information through social networks may indirectly affect and respond to isolated individuals through environmental change. The interplay of social influences can, therefore, explain the success or failure of conservation outcomes emerging from collective behavior. To understand the capacity of social influence to generate environmental outcomes, social networks must not be seen as 'closed systems'; rather, the outcomes of environmental interventions depend on feedbacks between the environment and different components of the social system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yletyinen
- University of Canterbury, School of Biological Sciences, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
- Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand.
| | - G L W Perry
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P Stahlmann-Brown
- Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, PO Box 10345, Wellington, 6011, New Zealand
| | - R Pech
- Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
| | - J M Tylianakis
- University of Canterbury, School of Biological Sciences, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wyckhuys KAG, González-Chang M, Adriani E, Albaytar AB, Albertini A, Avila G, Beltran MJB, Boreros AD, Fanani MZ, Nguyen DT, Nguyen G, Nurkomar I, Tiwari S. Delivering on the Promise of Biological Control in Asia's Food Systems: A Humboldtian Perspective. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
6
|
Ecological pest control fortifies agricultural growth in Asia-Pacific economies. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1522-1530. [PMID: 32868917 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Green Revolution is credited with alleviating famine, mitigating poverty and driving aggregate economic growth since the 1960s. In Asia, high-input technology packages secured a tripling of rice output, with germplasm improvements providing benefits beyond US$4.3 billion yr-1. Here, we unveil the magnitude and macro-economic relevance of parallel nature-based contributions to productivity growth in non-rice crops over the period 1918-2018 (across 23 different Asia-Pacific geopolitical entities). We empirically demonstrate how biological control resolved invasive pest threats in multiple agricultural commodities, ensuring annually accruing (on-farm) benefits of US$14.6-19.5 billion yr-1. Scientifically guided biological control of 43 exotic invertebrate pests permitted 73-100% yield-loss recovery in critical food, feed and fibre crops including banana, breadfruit, cassava and coconut. Biological control thereby promoted rural growth and prosperity even in marginal, poorly endowed, non-rice environments. By placing agro-ecological innovations on equal footing with input-intensive measures, our work provides lessons for future efforts to mitigate invasive species, restore ecological resilience and sustainably raise output of global agrifood systems.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wyckhuys KAG, Sasiprapa W, Taekul C, Kondo T. Unsung heroes: fixing multifaceted sustainability challenges through insect biological control. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 40:77-84. [PMID: 32619951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Insects are indispensable actors within global agri-food systems and ensure the delivery of myriad ecosystem services. A progressive decline in insect numbers - as inflicted by habitat loss, pollution or intensive agriculture - can jeopardize a sustained provisioning of those services. Though we routinely disregard how insects help meet multiple sustainable development challenges, a gradual insect decline can have grave, long-lasting consequences. Here, we describe how insect-mediated biological control not only defuses invasive pests and can reconstitute crop productivity, but equally delivers other positive social-ecological outcomes. Drawing upon the pan-tropical invasion of the cassava mealybug and its ensuing suppression by the monophagous parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi, we illuminate how biological control contributes to food security, poverty alleviation, human wellbeing and environmental preservation. Trans-disciplinary research and 'systems thinking' are needed to maximize the potential of these biodiversity-driven interventions, and thus reap the net positive spin-offs insects provide for farmers, the environment and human society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kris A G Wyckhuys
- Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; Chrysalis Consulting, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Walaiporn Sasiprapa
- Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charuwat Taekul
- Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peltzer DA, Bellingham PJ, Dickie IA, Houliston G, Hulme PE, Lyver PO, McGlone M, Richardson SJ, Wood J. Scale and complexity implications of making New Zealand predator-free by 2050. J R Soc N Z 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2019.1653940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian A. Dickie
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Philip E. Hulme
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|