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Lv T, Zhao Q, Liu J, Wang S, Wu W, Miao L, Zhan P, Chen X, Huang M, Ye M, Ou Q, Zhang Y. Utilizing metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pathogen detection and diagnosis in lower respiratory tract infections in real-world clinical practice. Infection 2024; 52:625-636. [PMID: 38368306 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious etiologies of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) by the conventional microbiology tests (CMTs) can be challenging. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has great potential in clinical use for its comprehensiveness in identifying pathogens, particularly those difficult-to-culture organisms. METHODS We analyzed a total of 205 clinical samples from 201 patients with suspected LRTIs using mNGS in parallel with CMTs. mNGS results were used to guide treatment adjustments for patients who had negative CMT results. The efficacy of treatment was subsequently evaluated in these patients. RESULTS mNGS-detected microorganisms in 91.7% (188/205) of the clinical samples, whereas CMTs demonstrated a lower detection rate, identifying microorganisms in only 37.6% (77/205) of samples. Compared to CMT results, mNGS exhibited a detection sensitivity of 93.5% and 95.4% in all 205 clinical samples and 180 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, respectively. A total of 114 patients (114/201; 56.7%) showed negative CMT results, among which 92 received treatment adjustments guided by their positive mNGS results. Notably, 67.4% (62/92) of patients demonstrated effective treatment, while 25% (23/92) experienced a stabilized condition. Subgroup analysis of cancer patients revealed that 41.9% (13/31) exhibited an effective response to treatment, and 35.5% (11/31) maintained a stable condition following medication adjustments guided by mNGS. CONCLUSION mNGS demonstrated great potential in identifying microorganisms of clinical significance in LRTIs. The rapid turnaround time and reduced susceptibility to the impact of antimicrobial administration make mNGS a valuable supplementary tool for diagnosis and treatment decision-making for suspected LRTIs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Dinfectome Inc., Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Dinfectome Inc., Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Dinfectome Inc., Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyun Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Yancheng Branch of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, 100 Cross Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manman Huang
- Dinfectome Inc., Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingxiang Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuxiang Ou
- Dinfectome Inc., Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, 100 Cross Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Bano Y, Shrivastava A, Shukla P, Chaudhary AA, Khan SUD, Khan S. The implication of microbiome in lungs cancer: mechanisms and strategies of cancer growth, diagnosis and therapy. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38556797 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2324864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Available evidence illustrates that microbiome is a promising target for the study of growth, diagnosis and therapy of various types of cancer. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The relationship of microbiota and their products with diverse pathologic conditions has been getting large attention. The novel research suggests that the microbiome plays an important role in the growth and progression of lung cancer. The lung microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining mucosal immunity and synchronizing the stability between tolerance and inflammation. Alteration in microbiome is identified as a critical player in the progression of lung cancer and negatively impacts the patient. Studies suggest that healthy microbiome is essential for effective therapy. Various clinical trials and research are focusing on enhancing the treatment efficacy by altering the microbiome. The regulation of microbiota will provide innovative and promising treatment strategies for the maintenance of host homeostasis and the prevention of lung cancer in lung cancer patients. In the current review article, we presented the latest progress about the involvement of microbiome in the growth and diagnosis of lung cancer. Furthermore, we also assessed the therapeutic status of the microbiome for the management and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Bano
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Hospital and research Institute, Gwalior, India
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Abhinav Shrivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Hospital and research Institute, Gwalior, India
| | - Piyush Shukla
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Rural Technology and Social Development, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of Health Technology (IIHT), Deoband, Saharanpur, UP, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
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3
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Cao Y, Xia H, Tan X, Shi C, Ma Y, Meng D, Zhou M, Lv Z, Wang S, Jin Y. Intratumoural microbiota: a new frontier in cancer development and therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38195689 PMCID: PMC10776793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, play key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Some studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms, which have been confirmed to be closely related to oncogenesis. The concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently proposed. Microbiota could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction, adjacent tissue migration, and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour microenvironment. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations, affecting epigenetic modifications, promoting inflammation response, avoiding immune destruction, regulating metabolism, and activating invasion and metastasis. Since more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging, new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under examination. In addition, interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy, especially immunotherapy, although there are some inevitable challenges. Here, we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept, development history, potential sources, heterogeneity, and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms, explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis, and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xueyun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Daquan Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhilei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Sufei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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Liu W, Xu J, Pi Z, Chen Y, Jiang G, Wan Y, Mao W. Untangling the web of intratumor microbiota in lung cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189025. [PMID: 37980944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbes are pivotal in contemporary cancer research, influencing various biological behaviors in cancer. The previous notion that the lung was sterile has been destabilized by the discovery of microbiota in the lower airway and lung, even within tumor tissues. Advances of biotechnology enable the association between intratumor microbiota and lung cancer to be revealed. Nonetheless, the origin and tumorigenicity of intratumor microbiota in lung cancer still remain implicit. Additionally, accumulating evidence indicates that intratumor microbiota might serve as an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and even a therapeutic target across multiple cancer types, including lung cancer. However, research on intratumor microbiota's role in lung cancer is still nascent and warrants more profound exploration. Herein, this paper provides an extensive review of recent advancements in the following fields, including 1) established and emerging biotechnologies utilized to study intratumor microbiota in lung cancer, 2) causation between intratumor microbiota and lung cancer from the perspectives of translocation, cancerogenesis and metastasis, 3) potential application of intratumor microbiota as a novel biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and 4) promising lung cancer therapies via regulating intratumor microbiota. Moreover, this review addresses the limitations, challenges, and future prospects of studies focused on intratumor microbiota in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weici Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingtong Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheshun Pi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yundi Chen
- The Pq Laboratory of BiomeDx/Rx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton 13850, USA
| | - Guanyu Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of BiomeDx/Rx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton 13850, USA.
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Zhou X, Ji L, Ma Y, Tian G, Lv K, Yang J. Intratumoral Microbiota-Host Interactions Shape the Variability of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Recurrence and Metastasis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0373822. [PMID: 37074188 PMCID: PMC10269859 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03738-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in tissue microbiota-host interaction between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) about recurrence and metastasis have not been well studied. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analyses to identify the genes and tissue microbes significantly associated with recurrence or metastasis. All lung cancer patients were divided into the recurrence or metastasis (RM) group and the nonrecurrence and nonmetastasis (non-RM) group according to whether or not they had recurred or metastasized within 3 years after the initial surgery. Results showed that there were significant differences between LUAD and LUSC in gene expression and microbial abundance associated with recurrence and metastasis. Compared with non-RM, the bacterial community of RM had a lower richness in LUSC. In LUSC, host genes significantly correlated with tissue microbe, whereas host-tissue microbe interaction in LUAD was rare. Then, we established a novel multimodal machine learning model based on genes and microbes to predict the recurrence and metastasis risk of a LUSC patient, which achieves an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81. In addition, the predicted risk score was significantly associated with the patient's survival. IMPORTANCE Our study elucidates significant differences in RM-associated host-microbe interactions between LUAD and LUSC. Besides, the microbes in tumor tissue could be used to predict the RM risk of LUSC, and the predicted risk score is associated with patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Zhou
- Department of Mathematics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyu Ma
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Kebo Lv
- Department of Mathematics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
- Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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6
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Zheng H, Chen X, Li Q, Liu Y, Cai J. Effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on microbial diversity in TME and engineered bacterial-mediated tumor therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1084926. [PMID: 36817477 PMCID: PMC9932492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1084926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microbiota is a group of microorganisms located in tumor tissues with rich diversity that can promote tumorigenesis and development, and different types of tumors have different tumor microbiotas, which has important implications for tumor research, detection, and clinical treatment. In this review, we examine the diversity of the tumor microbiota, discuss the impact of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on tumor microbiota diversity, and summarize recent advances in the use of genetically engineered bacteria for the treatment of tumors. In addition, we propose key questions that need to be further addressed by the tumor microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiyang Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinzhong Cai
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
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7
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Huang J, Huang J. Microbial Biomarkers for Lung Cancer: Current Understandings and Limitations. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247298. [PMID: 36555915 PMCID: PMC9782454 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As our "hidden organ", microbes widely co-exist at various sites on the human body. These microbes are collectively referred to as the microbiome. A considerable number of studies have already proven that the microbiome has significant impacts on human health and disease progression, including cancers. The recent discovery of cancer-specific microbiomes renders these cancer-associated microbes as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. While at low biomass levels, the lung microbiome still dramatically influences the initiation, progression and treatment of lung cancers. However, research on lung cancer-associated microbiomes is emerging, and most profiling studies are performed within three years. Unfortunately, there are substantial inconsistencies across these studies. Variations in microbial diversity were observed, and different microbial biomarkers for lung cancer have been proposed. In this review, we summarized the current findings of lung cancer microbiome studies and attempt to explain the potential reasons for the dissimilarities. Other than lung microbiomes, oral and airway microbiomes are highly related to lung microbiomes and are therefore included as well. In addition, several lung cancer-associated bacterial genera have been detected by different independent studies. These bacterial genera may not be perfect biomarkers, but they still serve as promising risk factors for lung cancers and show great prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Huang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-181-0818-9376
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8
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Wu Z, Tang J, Zhuang R, Meng D, Zhang L, Gu C, Teng X, Zhu Z, Liu J, Pang J, Hu J, Lv X. The microbiome of lower respiratory tract and tumor tissue in lung cancer manifested as radiological ground-glass opacity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:892613. [PMID: 36091439 PMCID: PMC9455596 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.892613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have confirmed the existence of microbiota in the lungs. The relationship between lung ground-glass opacity (GGO) and microbiota in the lung microenvironment is not clear. In this study, we investigated the microbial composition and diversity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of diseased lung segments and paired contralateral healthy lung segments from 11 GGO patients. Furthermore, lung GGO and paired normal tissues of 26 GGO patients were explored whether there are microbial characteristics related to GGO. Compared with the control group, the community richness of GGO tissue and BALF of GGO lung segment (α-diversity) and overall microbiome difference (β-diversity) had no significant difference. The microbiome composition of BALF of GGO segments is distinct from that of paired healthy lung segments [genus (Rothia), order (Lachnospiraceae), family (Lachnospiraceae), genus (Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Faecalibacterium), and species (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides uniforms)]. GGO tissue and adjacent lung tissue had more significant differences at the levels of class, order, family, genus, and species level, and most of them are enriched in normal lung tissue. The area under the curve (AUC) using 10 genera-based biomarkers to predict GGO was 91.05% (95% CI: 81.93–100%). In conclusion, this study demonstrates there are significant differences in the lower respiratory tract and lung microbiome between GGO and the non-malignant control group through the BALF and lung tissues. Furthermore, some potential bacterial biomarkers showed good performance to predict GGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runzhou Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Teng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiacong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fenghua People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Hu, ; Xiayi Lv,
| | - Xiayi Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Hu, ; Xiayi Lv,
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9
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Birla P, Shaikh FY. De- "bug"-ing the microbiome in lung cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:335-346. [PMID: 35588337 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The identification of microbes enriched in the healthy lung has led to the compelling discovery that microbes may contribute to lung cancer pathogenesis. Here, we review the recent literature showing microbial associations with lung cancer as well as the functional features that have been identified in human and murine studies. Most biomarker data remain limited due to variable findings. However, multiple studies have found that lung tumors or ipsilateral airway samples have decreased α diversity compared to normal tissue. Specific genera, such as Veillonella and Streptococcus, were also found in association with lung tumors using multiple sampling methodologies. These microbes, which are generally found in the upper respiratory track, are associated with an IL-17 signature in the lung, potentially resulting in a pro-tumorigenic environment. Studies detailing these immune mechanisms are limited, and further investigation is necessary to delineate how these bacteria, their metabolites, and potentially tumor-associated neoantigens modulate the immune response in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakhi Birla
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street CRB1 Bldg, Suite 4M 441, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Fyza Y Shaikh
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street CRB1 Bldg, Suite 4M 441, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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10
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Wang Q, Ding H, Dong G, Xu L, Jiang F, Mao Q. Bi-direction effects between microbiome and MiRNAs in carcinogenesis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1299-1305. [PMID: 33765216 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03567-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence from numerous studies that dysbiosis of the microbiome provokes various immune-mediated diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancers by regulating metabolites, host genetics, environmental elements, and stress. Such reports are yet to define an accurate regulatory network for host-gut microbiome communication. miRNAs have recently emerged as crucial mediators of this communication, as portrayed by their interaction with the host microbiome. This mini-review summarizes the bi-direction effects between miRNA and microbiome and elucidates their role in carcinogenesis. An in-depth understanding of the association of miRNA with host-microbiome could be valuable to improve cancer remission, diagnosis, and treatment, and may help to potential tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanlin Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaochao Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qixing Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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