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Abu-Hashem AA, Hakami O, El-Shazly M, El-Nashar HAS, Yousif MNM. Caffeine and Purine Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review on the Chemistry, Biosynthetic Pathways, Synthesis-Related Reactions, Biomedical Prospectives and Clinical Applications. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400050. [PMID: 38719741 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine and purine derivatives represent interesting chemical moieties, which show various biological activities. Caffeine is an alkaloid that belongs to the family of methylxanthine alkaloids and it is present in food, beverages, and drugs. Coffee, tea, and some other beverages are a major source of caffeine in the human diet. Caffeine can be extracted from tea or coffee using hot water with dichloromethane or chloroform and the leftover is known as decaffeinated coffee or tea. Caffeine and its derivatives were synthesized via different procedures on small and large scales. It competitively antagonizes the adenosine receptors (ARs), which are G protein-coupled receptors largely distributed in the human body, including the heart, vessels, brain, and kidneys. Recently, many reports showed the effect of caffeine derivatives in the treatment of many diseases such as Alzheimer's, asthma, parkinsonism, and cancer. Also, it is used as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hypocholesterolemic agent. The present review article discusses the synthesis, reactivity, and biological and pharmacological properties of caffeine and its derivatives. The biosynthesis and biotransformation of caffeine in coffee and tea leaves and the human body were summarized in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameen A Abu-Hashem
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, 45142 and 2097, Jazan, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Hakami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, 45142 and 2097, Jazan, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud N M Yousif
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Caballero Alfonso AY, Mora Lagares L, Novic M, Benfenati E, Kumar A. Exploration of structural requirements for azole chemicals towards human aromatase CYP19A1 activity: Classification modeling, structure-activity relationships and read-across study. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 81:105332. [PMID: 35176449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human aromatase, also called CYP19A1, plays a major role in the conversion of androgens into estrogens. Inhibition of aromatase is an important target for estrogen receptor (ER)-responsive breast cancer therapy. Use of azole compounds as aromatase inhibitors is widespread despite their low selectivity. A toxicological evaluation of commonly used azole-based drugs and agrochemicals with respect to CYP19A1is currently requested by the European Union- Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (EU-REACH) regulations due to their potential as endocrine disruptors. In this connection, identification of structural alerts (SAs) is an effective strategy for the toxicological assessment and safe drug design. The present study describes the identification of SAs of azole-based chemicals as guiding experts to predict the aromatase activity. Total 21 SAs associated with aromatase activity were extracted from dataset of 326 azole-based drugs/chemicals obtained from Tox21 library. A cross-validated classification model having high accuracy (error rate 5%) was proposed which can precisely classify azole chemicals into active/inactive toward aromatase. In addition, mechanistic details and toxicological properties (agonism/antagonism) of azoles with respect to aromatase were explored by comparing active and inactive chemicals using structure-activity relationships (SAR). Lastly, few structural alerts were applied to form chemical categories for read-across applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Y Caballero Alfonso
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di RicercheFarmacologiche "Mario Negri"-IRCCS, Milano, Italy; Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Liadys Mora Lagares
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marjana Novic
- Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di RicercheFarmacologiche "Mario Negri"-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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3
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Yang S, Dong Z, Yin C, Yue H, Gao W, Yang F. Green synthesis of caffeine based on methylating reagent dimethyl carbonate and environmental friendly separating method. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Zhi‐Qiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Cheng‐Cheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Hui‐Juan Yue
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Wei‐Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Feng‐Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco‐chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
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da Silva Costa J, da Silva Lopes Costa K, Cruz JV, da Silva Ramos R, Silva LB, Do Socorro Barros Brasil D, de Paula da Silva CHT, Dos Santos CBR, da Cruz Macedo WJ. Virtual Screening and Statistical Analysis in the Design of New Caffeine Analogues Molecules with Potential Epithelial Anticancer Activity. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:576-594. [PMID: 28699538 PMCID: PMC5944109 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170711112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
About 132 thousand cases of melanoma (more severe type of skin cancer) were registered in 2014 according to the World Health Organization. This type of cancer significantly affects the quality of life of individuals. Caffeine has shown potential inhibitory effect against epithelial cancer. In this study, it was proposed to obtain new caffeine-based molecules with potential epithelial anticancer activity. For this, a training set of 21 molecules was used for pharmacophore perception procedures. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to propose mono-, bi-, tri-, and tetra-parametric models applied in the prediction of the activity. The generated pharmacophore was used to select 350 molecules available at the ZINCpharmer server, followed by reduction to 24 molecules, after selection using the Tanimoto index, yielding 10 molecules after final selection by predicted activity values > 1.5229. These ten mole-cules had better pharmacokinetic properties than the other ones used as reference and within the clinical-ly significant limits. Only two molecules show minor hits of toxicity and were submitted to molecular docking procedures, showing BFE (binding free energy) values lower than the reference values. Statisti-cal analyses indicated strong negative correlations between BFE and pharmacophoric properties (high influence on BFE lowering) and practically null correlation between BFE and BBB. The two most prom-ising molecules can be indicated as candidates for further in vitro and in vivo analyzes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josivan da Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity-Network BIONORTE, Federal University of the Para, Belem, Brazil.,Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil.,Institute of Technology, Federal University of Para, Av. Augusto Correa, 01, Belem, Para 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Karina da Silva Lopes Costa
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil
| | - Josiane Viana Cruz
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil
| | - Ryan da Silva Ramos
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Barros Silva
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Henrique Tomich de Paula da Silva
- Computational Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Federal University of Amapa, Department of Biological Sciences. Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Jardim Marco Zero, 68902-280 Macapa-AP, Brazil
| | - Williams Jorge da Cruz Macedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Simulation System, Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Rua Joao Pessoa, 121, Campus Capanema-Centro, Capanema, Para 68700-030, Brazil
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Costa JDS, Ramos RDS, Costa KDSL, Brasil DDSB, Silva CHTDPD, Ferreira EFB, Borges RDS, Campos JM, Macêdo WJDC, Santos CBRD. An In Silico Study of the Antioxidant Ability for Two Caffeine Analogs Using Molecular Docking and Quantum Chemical Methods. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112801. [PMID: 30380600 PMCID: PMC6278550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of molecules constitutes an important factor for the regulation of redox homeostasis and reduction of the oxidative stress. Cells affected by oxidative stress can undergo genetic alteration, causing structural changes and promoting the onset of chronic diseases, such as cancer. We have performed an in silico study to evaluate the antioxidant potential of two molecules of the zinc database: ZINC08706191 (Z91) and ZINC08992920 (Z20). Molecular docking, quantum chemical calculations (HF/6-31G**) and Pearson’s correlation have been performed. Molecular docking results of Z91 and Z20 showed both the lower binding affinity (BA) and inhibition constant (Ki) values for the receptor-ligand interactions in the three tested enzymes (cytochrome P450—CP450, myeloperoxidase—MP and NADPH oxidase—NO) than the control molecules (5-fluorouracil—FLU, melatonin—MEL and dextromethorphan—DEX, for each receptor respectively). Molecular descriptors were correlated with Ki and strong correlations were observed for the CP450, MP and NO receptors. These and other results attest the significant antioxidant ability of Z91 and Z20, that may be indicated for further analyses in relation to the control of oxidative stress and as possible antioxidant agents to be used in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josivan da Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity-Network BIONORTE, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, Pará 66075110, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Macapá, Amapá 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Simulation System, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Rua João Pessoa, 121, Capanema, Pará 68700-030, Brazil.
| | - Ryan da Silva Ramos
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Macapá, Amapá 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Simulation System, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Rua João Pessoa, 121, Capanema, Pará 68700-030, Brazil.
| | - Karina da Silva Lopes Costa
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Macapá, Amapá 68902-280, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Elenilze Figueiredo Batista Ferreira
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Macapá, Amapá 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Rosivaldo Dos Santos Borges
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity-Network BIONORTE, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, Pará 66075110, Brazil.
| | - Joaquín María Campos
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Williams Jorge da Cruz Macêdo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity-Network BIONORTE, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, Belém, Pará 66075110, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Simulation System, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Rua João Pessoa, 121, Capanema, Pará 68700-030, Brazil.
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 02, s/n, Macapá, Amapá 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Simulation System, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Rua João Pessoa, 121, Capanema, Pará 68700-030, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Singh N, Shreshtha AK, Thakur M, Patra S. Xanthine scaffold: scope and potential in drug development. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00829. [PMID: 30302410 PMCID: PMC6174542 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been the basis for discovery of various important marketed drugs. Xanthine is one such lead molecule. Xanthines in various forms (caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, etc) are abode in tea, coffee, cocoa, chocolate etc. giving them popular recognition. These compounds are best known for their diverse pharmaceutical applications as cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibition, antagonization of adenosine receptor, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities. These properties incentivize to use xanthine as scaffold to develop new derivatives. Chemical synthesis contributes greater diversity in xanthine based derivatisation. With highlighting the existing challenges in chemical synthesis, the present review focuses the probable solution to fill existing lacuna. The review summarizes the available knowledge of xanthine based drugs development along with exploring new xanthine led chemical synthesis path for bringing diversification in xanthine based research. The main objective of this review is to explore the immense potential of xanthine as scaffold in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | | | - M.S. Thakur
- Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - Sanjukta Patra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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Motegi T, Katayama M, Uzuka Y, Okamura Y. Evaluation of anticancer effects and enhanced doxorubicin cytotoxicity of xanthine derivatives using canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:600-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yang T, He H, Ang W, Yang YH, Yang JZ, Lin YN, Yang HC, Pi WY, Li ZC, Zhao YL, Luo YF, Wei Y. Syntheses and cell-based phenotypic screen of novel 7-amino pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents. Molecules 2012; 17:2351-66. [PMID: 22367029 PMCID: PMC6268601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17032351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of N-3-substituted 7-aminopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-carbonitrile derivatives was readily synthesized and their anti-proliferative activities on five types of tumor cells were evaluated through a cell-based phenotypic screening approach. Compound 3k was found to be potent on human colon cancer SW620 cells with an IC50 value of 12.5 μM. Structural optimization of compound 3k led to compound 4a with improved anti-proliferative potency on SW620 cells with an IC50 value of 6.9 μM. Further cell-cycle analyses suggested that compound 4a induced apoptosis of SW620 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wei Ang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ying-Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan-Ni Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hua-Cheng Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Wei-Yi Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Ying-Lan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (Y.F.L.); (Y.L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-85503817 (Y.F.L.); Tel.:+86-28-85164063 (Y.L.Z.); Fax: +86-28-85164060 (Y.L.Z.)
| | - You-Fu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (Y.F.L.); (Y.L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-85503817 (Y.F.L.); Tel.:+86-28-85164063 (Y.L.Z.); Fax: +86-28-85164060 (Y.L.Z.)
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Bode AM, Cao Y, Dong Z. Update on Cancer Prevention Research in the United States and China: The 2009 China—U.S. Forum on Frontiers of Cancer Research. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010; 3:1630-7. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lentini A, Tabolacci C, Mattioli P, Provenzano B, Beninati S. Antitumor Activity of Theophylline in Combination with Paclitaxel: A Preclinical Study on Melanoma Experimental Lung Metastasis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 25:497-503. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2010.0787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Palma Mattioli
- Department of Biology, University “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simone Beninati
- Department of Biology, University “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
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Lee DE, Lee KW, Song NR, Seo SK, Heo YS, Kang NJ, Bode AM, Lee HJ, Dong Z. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone inhibits epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation and transformation of JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cells by suppressing cyclin-dependent kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:21458-66. [PMID: 20444693 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.094797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that isoflavones exhibit anti-proliferative activity against epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-positive malignancies of the breast, colon, skin, and prostate. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone (7,3',4'-THIF) is one of the metabolites of daidzein, a well known soy isoflavone, but its chemopreventive activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, 7,3',4'-THIF prevented EGF-induced neoplastic transformation and proliferation of JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cells. It significantly blocked cell cycle progression of EGF-stimulated cells at the G(1) phase. As shown by Western blot, 7,3',4'-THIF suppressed the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein at Ser-795 and Ser-807/Ser-811, which are the specific sites of phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4. It also inhibited the expression of G(1) phase-regulatory proteins, including cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, and CDK2. In addition to regulating the expression of cell cycle-regulatory proteins, 7,3',4'-THIF bound to CDK4 and CDK2 and strongly inhibited their kinase activities. It also bound to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), strongly inhibiting its kinase activity and thereby suppressing the Akt/GSK-3beta/AP-1 pathway and subsequently attenuating the expression of cyclin D1. Collectively, these results suggest that CDKs and PI3K are the primary molecular targets of 7,3',4'-THIF in the suppression of EGF-induced cell proliferation. These insights into the biological actions of 7,3',4'-THIF provide a molecular basis for the possible development of new chemoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Eun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, USA
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Marine Two-Headed Sphingolipid-Like Compound Rhizochalin Inhibits EGF-Induced Transformation of JB6 P+ Cl41 Cells. Lipids 2009; 44:777-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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