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MDM4: What do we know about the association between its polymorphisms and cancer? MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:61. [PMID: 36566308 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MDM4 is an important p53-negative regulator, consequently, it is involved in cell proliferation, DNA repair, and apoptosis regulation. MDM4 overexpression and amplification are described to lead to cancer formation, metastasis, and poor disease prognosis. Several MDM4 SNPs are in non-coding regions, and some affect the MDM4 regulation by disrupting the micro RNA binding site in 3'UTR (untranslated region). Here, we gathered several association studies with different MDM4 SNPs and populations to understand the relationship between its SNPs and solid tumor risk. Many studies failed to replicate their results regarding different populations, cancer types, and risk genotypes, leading to conflicting conclusions. We suggested that distinct haplotype patterns in different populations might affect the association between MDM4 SNPs and cancer risk. Thus, we propose to investigate some linkage SNPs in specific haplotypes to provide informative MDM4 markers for association studies with cancer.
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Yao X, Shen H, Peng Q, Yu J. TP53/miR-129/MDM2/4/TP53 feedback loop modulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in retinoblastoma. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:603-615. [PMID: 33678118 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1892321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is commonly-seen cancer in children. The p53 pathway dysfunction, which can lead to elevated MDM2 or MDM4 (p53 antagonists) protein expression, is frequently observed in almost all human cancers, including RB. The present study attempted to investigate the underlying mechanism from the perspective of non-coding RNA regulation. Here, we demonstrated that p53 and miR-129 were positively correlated with each other in RB. miR-129 directly targeted MDM2/4 to inhibit expression, therefore counteracting MDM2/4-mediated p53 signaling suppression and modulating RB cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, p53 could activate the transcription of miR-129 via binding to the miR-129 promoter region, therefore forming a regulatory loop with MDM2/4 to affect RB progression. Altogether, the p53/miR-129/MDM2/4/p53 regulatory loop can modulate RB cell growth. We provide a solid experimental basis for developing novel therapies for RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jingsheng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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3
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Lahalle A, Lacroix M, De Blasio C, Cissé MY, Linares LK, Le Cam L. The p53 Pathway and Metabolism: The Tree That Hides the Forest. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010133. [PMID: 33406607 PMCID: PMC7796211 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The p53 pathway is a major tumor suppressor pathway that prevents the propagation of abnormal cells by regulating DNA repair, cell cycle progression, cell death, or senescence. The multiple cellular processes regulated by p53 were more recently extended to the control of metabolism, and many studies support the notion that perturbations of p53-associated metabolic activities are linked to cancer development. Converging lines of evidence support the notion that, in addition to p53, other key components of this molecular cascade are also important regulators of metabolism. Here, we illustrate the underestimated complexity of the metabolic network controlled by the p53 pathway and show how its perturbation contributes to human diseases including cancer, aging, and metabolic diseases. Abstract The p53 pathway is functionally inactivated in most, if not all, human cancers. The p53 protein is a central effector of numerous stress-related molecular cascades. p53 controls a safeguard mechanism that prevents accumulation of abnormal cells and their transformation by regulating DNA repair, cell cycle progression, cell death, or senescence. The multiple cellular processes regulated by p53 were more recently extended to the control of metabolism and many studies support the notion that perturbations of p53-associated metabolic activities are linked to cancer development, as well as to other pathophysiological conditions including aging, type II diabetes, and liver disease. Although much less documented than p53 metabolic activities, converging lines of evidence indicate that other key components of this tumor suppressor pathway are also involved in cellular metabolism through p53-dependent as well as p53-independent mechanisms. Thus, at least from a metabolic standpoint, the p53 pathway must be considered as a non-linear pathway, but the complex metabolic network controlled by these p53 regulators and the mechanisms by which their activities are coordinated with p53 metabolic functions remain poorly understood. In this review, we highlight some of the metabolic pathways controlled by several central components of the p53 pathway and their role in tissue homeostasis, metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airelle Lahalle
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Lacroix
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Carlo De Blasio
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Madi Y. Cissé
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard, T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Laetitia K. Linares
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Bauer M, Kantelhardt EJ, Stiewe T, Nist A, Mernberger M, Politt K, Hanf V, Lantzsch T, Uleer C, Peschel S, John J, Buchmann J, Weigert E, Bürrig KF, Wickenhauser C, Thomssen C, Bartel F, Vetter M. Specific allelic variants of SNPs in the MDM2 and MDMX genes are associated with earlier tumor onset and progression in Caucasian breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1975-1992. [PMID: 30956778 PMCID: PMC6443004 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic factors play a substantial role in breast cancer etiology. Genes encoding proteins that have key functions in the DNA damage response, such as p53 and its inhibitors MDM2 and MDMX, are most likely candidates to harbor allelic variants that influence breast cancer susceptibility. The aim of our study was to comprehensively analyze the impact of SNPs in the TP53, MDM2, and MDMX genes in conjunction with TP53 mutational status regarding the onset and progression of breast cancer. Methods In specimen from 815 breast cancer patients, five SNPs within the selected genes were analyzed: TP53 – Arg72Pro (rs1042522), MDM2 – SNP285 (rs2279744), SNP309 (rs117039649); MDMX – SNP31826 (rs1563828), and SNP34091 (rs4245739). Classification of the tumors was evaluated by histomorphology. Subtyping according hormone receptor status, HER2-status and proliferation rate enabled provision of the clinico-pathological surrogate of intrinsic subtypes. Results The homozygous C-allele of MDM2 SNP285 was significantly associated with a younger age-at-diagnosis of 44.2 years, in contrast to G/G- and G/C-patients (62.4, 62.7 yrs., respectively; p = 0.0007; log-Rank-test). In contrast, there was no difference regarding the age-at-diagnosis for patients with the respective genotypes of MDM2 SNP309 (p = 0.799; log-Rank-test). In patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and TP53-mutated tumors, however, the T/T-genotype of the MDM2 SNP309 was significantly associated with an earlier average age-at-diagnosis compared with T/G+G/G-patients (53.5 vs. 68.2 yrs; p = 0.002; log-Rank-test). In the triple-negative subgroup, the G/G-patients had an average age-at-diagnosis of 51 years compared with 63 years for SNP309T carriers (p = 0.004; log-Rank-test) indicating a susceptibility of the G/G genotype for the development of triple negative breast cancer. Patients with the A/A-genotype of MDMX SNP31826 with ER-negative tumors were diagnosed 11 years earlier compared with patients and ER-positive tumors (53.2 vs. 64.4 yrs; p = 0.025, log-Rank-test). Furthermore, in luminal B-like patients (HER2-independent) the C/C-genotype of MDMX SNP34091 was significantly correlated with a decreased event-free survival compared with the A/A-genotype (p < 0.001; log-Rank-test). Conclusions We showed that SNPs in the MDM2 and MDMX genes affect at least in part the onset and progression of breast cancer dependent on the ER-status. Our findings provide further evidence for the distinct etiological pathways in ER-negative and ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Eva Johanna Kantelhardt
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.,Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Politt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Hanf
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Tilmann Lantzsch
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital St. Elisabeth and St. Barbara, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Susanne Peschel
- Department of Gynaecology, St. Bernward Hospital, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Jutta John
- Department of Gynaecology, Helios Hospital Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Buchmann
- Institute of Pathology, Hospital Martha-Maria, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edith Weigert
- Institute of Pathology, Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Thomssen
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Bartel
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martina Vetter
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the MDM4 Gene With the Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in a Southeast Iranian Population Sample. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 18:e883-e891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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MDM4 contributes to the increased risk of glioma susceptibility in Han Chinese population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11093. [PMID: 30038284 PMCID: PMC6056491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, MDM4 gene has been reported to be a susceptibility gene for glioma in Europeans, but the molecular mechanism of glioma pathogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether common variants of MDM4 contribute to the risk of glioma in Han Chinese individuals. A total of 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MDM4 gene were assessed in a dataset of 562 glioma patients (non-glioblastoma) and 1,192 cancer-free controls. The SNP rs4252707 was found to be strongly associated with the risk of non-GBM (P = 0.000101, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–1.55). Further analyses indicated that there was a significant association between A allele of rs4252707 associated with the increased non-GBM risk. Haplotype analysis also confirmed a result similar to that of the single-SNP analysis. Using stratification analyses, we found the association of rs4252707 with an increased non-GBM risk in adults (≥18 years, P = 0.0016) and individuals without IR exposure history (P = 0.0013). Our results provide strong evidence that the MDM4 gene is tightly linked to genetic susceptibility for non-GBM risk in Han Chinese population, indicating a important role for MDM4 gene in the etiology of glioma.
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Distribution of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Colorectal Cancer Patients and Its Association with Mucinous Adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.2010.6119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the difference in the distribution of an insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) polymorphism (-2995 C/A) between young and old colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Information from 950 CRC patients undergoing surgery at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 2000 and 2005 was collected. The IGF-1 polymorphism was analyzed in patients in extreme age ranges at the time of CRC onset (i.e., under the 20th and above the 80th percentiles, respectively). Associations between clinicopathological variables and the IGF-1 polymorphism were analyzed. Results Young CRC patients had a higher frequency of advanced disease (58.7%) and mucinous adenocarcinoma (20%) than old CRC patients. Among old CRC patients, the frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1 was 12.7% (24/189), which was significantly higher than in young patients (4.2%). Other clinicopathological factors including tumor location, differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and TNM stage were not associated with the AA genotype of IGF-1. Mucinous differentiation (but not the other clinicopathological factors) was significantly associated with the CA/AA genotype of IGF-1 (39/195). Conclusions Older patients had a higher frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1(-2995 C/A), while younger patients more often had advanced disease and mucinous adenocarcinoma.
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Wang MJ, Luo YJ, Shi ZY, Xu XL, Yao GL, Liu RP, Zhao H. The associations between MDM4 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk. Oncotarget 2018; 7:55611-55623. [PMID: 27742919 PMCID: PMC5342440 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable studies have investigated the associations between MDM4 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk recently, but with contradictory results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the associations between MDM4 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk. Relevant studies were identified by a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and CNKI databases. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe the strength of the associations. Fifty-six studies published in 11 publications involving 18,910 cases and 51,609 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Five MDM4 gene polymorphisms were evaluated: rs4245739, rs1563828, rs11801299, rs10900598, and rs1380576. Our analyses suggested that the rs4245739 polymorphism was significantly associated with overall cancer risk. Furthermore, stratification analyses of ethnicity indicated that rs4245739 decreased the risk of cancer among the Asian population, and stratification analyses of smoking status indicated that rs4245739 decreased the risk of cancer among nonsmokers. However, stratification analyses of cancer type and sex suggested that rs4245739 was not related to cancer risk. There were no associations of rs1563828, rs11801299, rs10900598, or rs1380576 with overall cancer risk. In conclusion, our analyses indicated that rs4245739 polymorphism in the MDM4 gene may play an important role in the etiology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yong-Jun Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Xu
- Liver Surgery of Jiangsu Province People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guo-Liang Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rui-Ping Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, 214000, China
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Haupt S, Vijayakumaran R, Miranda PJ, Burgess A, Lim E, Haupt Y. The role of MDM2 and MDM4 in breast cancer development and prevention. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 9:53-61. [PMID: 28096293 PMCID: PMC5439375 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The major cause of death from breast cancer is not the primary tumour, but relapsing, drug-resistant, metastatic disease. Identifying factors that contribute to aggressive cancer offers important leads for therapy. Inherent defence against carcinogens depends on the individual molecular make-up of each person. Important molecular determinants of these responses are under the control of the mouse double minute (MDM) family: comprised of the proteins MDM2 and MDM4. In normal, healthy adult cells, the MDM family functions to critically regulate measured, cellular responses to stress and subsequent recovery. Proper function of the MDM family is vital for normal breast development, but also for preserving genomic fidelity. The MDM family members are best characterized for their negative regulation of the major tumour suppressor p53 to modulate stress responses. Their impact on other cellular regulators is emerging. Inappropriately elevated protein levels of the MDM family are highly associated with an increased risk of cancer incidence. Exploration of the MDM family members as cancer therapeutic targets is relevant for designing tailored anti-cancer treatments, but successful approaches must strategically consider the impact on both the target cancer and adjacent healthy cells and tissues. This review focuses on recent findings pertaining to the role of the MDM family in normal and malignant breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Reshma Vijayakumaran
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Panimaya Jeffreena Miranda
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Andrew Burgess
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Mohammad Khanlou Z, Pouladi N, Hosseinpour Feizi M, Pedram N. Lack of Associations of the MDM4 rs4245739 Polymorphism with Risk of Thyroid Cancer among Iranian-Azeri Patients: a Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1133-1138. [PMID: 28547953 PMCID: PMC5494227 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: MDM4, a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppression pathway, has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. Research has revealed that the rs4245739 A>C polymorphism of MDM4 in the 3’-untranslated region makes it a miR-191 target site, leading to lower MDM4 expression. This study aimed to detect if the rs4245739 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) impacts on thyroid cancer (TC) development in Iranian-Azeri patients. Materials and Method: Blood samples were taken from 232 healthy controls and 130 TC patients of Iranian-Azeri ethnicity. For genotyping, Tetra-ARMS PCR was performed. SPSS for Windows (version 22.0, IBM SPSS Inc., USA) and the SHEsis online software were used for data analysis. Results: Alleles of MDM4 rs4245739 SNP demonstrated no significant different in frequencies between patients and controls (p>0.05). Additionally, genotypes of MDM4 rs4245739 SNP did not increase or decrease TC risk in patients compared with healthy subjects. Conclusion: Considering the lack of any observed association between the MDM4 rs4245739 polymorphism and TC, we conclude no significant role in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Mohammad Khanlou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Zhai Y, Dai Z, He H, Gao F, Yang L, Dong Y, Lu J. A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of MDM4 genetic variants and cancer susceptibility. Oncotarget 2016; 7:73935-73944. [PMID: 27738340 PMCID: PMC5342025 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular epidemiological research suggests that mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) polymorphisms may be associated with cancer susceptibility, but results remain controversial. To derive a more precise evaluation, we performed a PRISMA compliant meta-analysis focused on five single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs11801299, rs1380576, rs10900598, rs1563828, and rs4245739) of MDM4. Overall, 23 studies involving 22,218 cases and 55,033 controls were analyzed. The results showed that rs4245739 was significantly associated with a decreased cancer risk in the allelic (C vs. A: odds ratio [OR] = 0.848, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.765-0.941, P = 0.002), heterozygous (AC vs. AA: OR = 0.831, 95% CI = 0.735-0.939, P = 0.003), and dominant (AC+CC vs. A: OR = 0.823, 95% CI = 0.727-0.932, P = 0.002) models. The association was more prominent in Asians. No significant association was found using any genetic model for the rs11801299, rs1380576, rs10900598, and rs1563828 SNPs. These results indicate that the rs4245739 polymorphism may contribute to a decreased cancer susceptibility and support the hypothesis that genetic variants in the MDM4 genes act as important modifiers of cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hairong He
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Xu C, Zhu J, Fu W, Liang Z, Song S, Zhao Y, Lyu L, Zhang A, He J, Duan P. MDM4 rs4245739 A > C polymorphism correlates with reduced overall cancer risk in a meta-analysis of 69477 subjects. Oncotarget 2016; 7:71718-71726. [PMID: 27687591 PMCID: PMC5342115 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) is a p53-interacting oncoprotein that plays an important role in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. The common rs4245739 A > C polymorphism creates a miR-191 binding site in the MDM4 gene transcript. Numerous studies have investigated the association between this MDM4 polymorphism and cancer risk, but have failed to reach a definitive conclusion. To address this issue, we conducted a meta-analysis by selecting eligible studies from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Chinese Biomedical databases. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the associations. We also performed genotype-based mRNA expression analysis using data from 270 individuals retrieved from public datasets. A total of 15 studies with 19796 cases and 49681 controls were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled results revealed that the MDM4 rs4245739C allele is associated with a decreased cancer risk in the heterozygous (AC vs. AA: OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73-0.93), dominant (AC/CC vs. AA: OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.72-0.93), and allele contrast models (C vs. A: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76-0.94). The association was more prominent in Asians and population-based studies. We also found that the rs4245739C allele was associated with decreased MDM4 mRNA expression, especially for Caucasians. Thus the MDM4 rs4245739 A > C polymorphism appears to be associated with decreased cancer risk. These findings would be strengthened by new studies with larger sample sizes and encompassing additional ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Xu
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- 3 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Fu
- 2 Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongwen Liang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujie Song
- 4 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Lyu
- 4 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing He
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
- 2 Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Duan
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Gansmo LB, Bjørnslett M, Halle MK, Salvesen HB, Dørum A, Birkeland E, Hveem K, Romundstad P, Vatten L, Lønning PE, Knappskog S. The MDM4 SNP34091 (rs4245739) C-allele is associated with increased risk of ovarian-but not endometrial cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10697-702. [PMID: 26867771 PMCID: PMC4999457 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The MDM4 protein (also known as MDMX or HDMX) is a negative regulator of p53, not only by direct interaction but also through its interaction with MDM2. Further, MDM4 overexpression and amplification have been observed in several cancer forms. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3’ untranslated region of the MDM4 gene, SNP34091A > C (rs4245739) was reported to alter MDM4 messenger RNA (mRNA) stability by modulating a microRNA binding site, thereby leading to decreased MDM4 levels. In this case-control study, we aimed to evaluate the possible association between MDM4 SNP34091 status and cancer risk by comparing the genotype frequencies in large hospital-based cohorts of endometrial- (n = 1404) and ovarian (n = 1385) cancer patients with healthy female controls (n = 1870). Genotype frequencies were compared by odds ratio (OR) estimates and Fisher exact tests. We found that individuals harboring the MDM4 SNP34091AC/CC genotypes had a significantly elevated risk for serous ovarian cancer (SOC) in general and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) in particular (SOC: OR = 1.18., 95 % CI = 1.01–1.39; HGSOC: OR = 1.25, CI = 1.02–1.53). No association between SNP34091 genotypes and endometrial cancer risk was observed. Our data indicate the MDM4 SNP34091AC/CC genotypes to be associated with an elevated risk for SOC and in particular the HGSOC type.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/epidemiology
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/epidemiology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/genetics
- Alleles
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/epidemiology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Endometrial Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Genes, Neoplasm
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genotype
- Humans
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Norway/epidemiology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Odds Ratio
- Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv B Gansmo
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Merete Bjørnslett
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Kyllesø Halle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helga B Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Dørum
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar Birkeland
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Romundstad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Vatten
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Eystein Lønning
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Knappskog
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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14
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Haupt S, Buckley D, Pang JMB, Panimaya J, Paul PJ, Gamell C, Takano EA, Lee YY, Hiddingh S, Rogers TM, Teunisse AFAS, Herold MJ, Marine JC, Fox SB, Jochemsen A, Haupt Y. Targeting Mdmx to treat breast cancers with wild-type p53. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1821. [PMID: 26181202 PMCID: PMC4650725 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The function of the tumor suppressor p53 is universally compromised in cancers. It is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers (reviewed). In cases where p53 is not mutated, alternative regulatory pathways inactivate its tumor suppressive functions. This is primarily achieved through elevation in the expression of the key inhibitors of p53: Mdm2 or Mdmx (also called Mdm4) (reviewed). In breast cancer (BrCa), the frequency of p53 mutations varies markedly between the different subtypes, with basal-like BrCas bearing a high frequency of p53 mutations, whereas luminal BrCas generally express wild-type (wt) p53. Here we show that Mdmx is unexpectedly highly expressed in normal breast epithelial cells and its expression is further elevated in most luminal BrCas, whereas p53 expression is generally low, consistent with wt p53 status. Inducible knockdown (KD) of Mdmx in luminal BrCa MCF-7 cells impedes the growth of these cells in culture, in a p53-dependent manner. Importantly, KD of Mdmx in orthotopic xenograft transplants resulted in growth inhibition associated with prolonged survival, both in a preventative model and also in a treatment model. Growth impediment in response to Mdmx KD was associated with cellular senescence. The growth inhibitory capacity of Mdmx KD was recapitulated in an additional luminal BrCa cell line MPE600, which expresses wt p53. Further, the growth inhibitory capacity of Mdmx KD was also demonstrated in the wt p53 basal-like cell line SKBR7 line. These results identify Mdmx growth dependency in wt p53 expressing BrCas, across a range of subtypes. Based on our findings, we propose that Mdmx targeting is an attractive strategy for treating BrCas harboring wt p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Buckley
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J-M B Pang
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Panimaya
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P J Paul
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C Gamell
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E A Takano
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Y Ying Lee
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Hiddingh
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T-M Rogers
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A F A S Teunisse
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M J Herold
- 1] Department of Molecular Genetics of Cancer, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia [2] Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J-C Marine
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S B Fox
- 1] Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [2] Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Jochemsen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Haupt
- 1] Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia [2] Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia [3] Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia [4] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a rare pediatric cancer of the retina. Nearly all retinoblastomas are initiated through the biallelic inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor susceptibility gene (RB1). Whole-genome sequencing has made it possible to identify secondary genetic lesions following RB1 inactivation. One of the major discoveries from retinoblastoma sequencing studies is that some retinoblastoma tumors have stable genomes. Subsequent epigenetic studies showed that changes in the epigenome contribute to the rapid progression of retinoblastoma following RB1 gene inactivation. In addition, gene amplification and elevated expression of p53 antagonists, MDM2 and MDM4, may also play an important role in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis. The knowledge gained from these recent molecular, cellular, genomic, and epigenomic analyses are now being integrated to identify new therapeutic approaches that can help save lives and vision in children with retinoblastoma, with fewer long-term side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina D. McEvoy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael A. Dyer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
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16
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Mehta MS, Dolfi SC, Bronfenbrener R, Bilal E, Chen C, Moore D, Lin Y, Rahim H, Aisner S, Kersellius RD, Teh J, Chen S, Toppmeyer DL, Medina DJ, Ganesan S, Vazquez A, Hirshfield KM. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 expression and its polymorphic variants associate with breast cancer phenotypes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69851. [PMID: 23922822 PMCID: PMC3724883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have suggested a link between melanoma and breast cancer. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1), which is involved in many cellular processes including proliferation and differentiation, has been implicated in melanomagenesis, with ectopic expression of GRM1 causing malignant transformation of melanocytes. This study was undertaken to evaluate GRM1 expression and polymorphic variants in GRM1 for associations with breast cancer phenotypes. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GRM1 were evaluated for associations with breast cancer clinicopathologic variables. GRM1 expression was evaluated in human normal and cancerous breast tissue and for in vitro response to hormonal manipulation. Genotyping was performed on genomic DNA from over 1,000 breast cancer patients. Rs6923492 and rs362962 genotypes associated with age at diagnosis that was highly dependent upon the breast cancer molecular phenotype. The rs362962 TT genotype also associated with risk of estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive breast cancer. In vitro analysis showed increased GRM1 expression in breast cancer cells treated with estrogen or the combination of estrogen and progesterone, but reduced GRM1 expression with tamoxifen treatment. Evaluation of GRM1 expression in human breast tumor specimens demonstrated significant correlations between GRM1 staining with tissue type and molecular features. Furthermore, analysis of gene expression data from primary breast tumors showed that high GRM1 expression correlated with a shorter distant metastasis-free survival as compared to low GRM1 expression in tamoxifen-treated patients. Additionally, induced knockdown of GRM1 in an estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell line correlated with reduced cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings suggest a functional role for GRM1 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura S. Mehta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sonia C. Dolfi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Roman Bronfenbrener
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Erhan Bilal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dirk Moore
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Hussein Rahim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Seena Aisner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Romona D. Kersellius
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jessica Teh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Suzie Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Deborah L. Toppmeyer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dan J. Medina
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Alexei Vazquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kim M. Hirshfield
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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McEvoy J, Ulyanov A, Brennan R, Wu G, Pounds S, Zhang J, Dyer MA. Analysis of MDM2 and MDM4 single nucleotide polymorphisms, mRNA splicing and protein expression in retinoblastoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42739. [PMID: 22916154 PMCID: PMC3423419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a childhood cancer of the developing retina that begins in utero and is diagnosed in the first years of life. Biallelic RB1 gene inactivation is the initiating genetic lesion in retinoblastoma. The p53 gene is intact in human retinoblastoma but the pathway is believed to be suppressed by increased expression of MDM4 (MDMX) and MDM2. Here we quantify the expression of MDM4 and MDM2 mRNA and protein in human fetal retinae, primary retinoblastomas, retinoblastoma cell lines and several independent orthotopic retinoblastoma xenografts. We found that MDM4 is the major p53 antagonist expressed in retinoblastoma and in the developing human retina. We also discovered that MDM4 protein steady state levels are much higher in retinoblastoma than in human fetal retinae. This increase would not have been predicted based on the mRNA levels. We explored several possible post-transcriptional mechanisms that may contribute to the elevated levels of MDM4 protein. A proportion of MDM4 transcripts are alternatively spliced to produce protein products that are reported to be more stable and oncogenic. We also discovered that a microRNA predicted to target MDM4 (miR191) was downregulated in retinoblastoma relative to human fetal retinae and a subset of samples had somatic mutations that eliminated the miR-191 binding site in the MDM4 mRNA. Taken together, these data suggest that post-transcriptional mechanisms may contribute to stabilization of the MDM4 protein in retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina McEvoy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Anatoly Ulyanov
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Rachel Brennan
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Statistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Dyer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Zhang YW, Guan J, Zhang Y, Qiu YR, Chen LH. Role of an MDM4 polymorphism in the early age of onset of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:1115-1118. [PMID: 22783402 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) is a critical negative regulator of the tumor suppressor p53. The results of studies have revealed that an MDM4 polymorphism (rs1563828) may contribute to the earlier onset of several malignant diseases. However, the correlation between this polymorphism and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) susceptibility has not been explored. We performed a case-control study with 210 NPC patients and 200 healthy controls. Significant associations were found when comparing the age of onset of NPC according to the rs1563828 genotype (P=0.01). The average age of onset of NPC in patients with the TT, CC and CT genotypes was 39.3, 48.2 and 45.5 years, respectively. Homozygous variant (TT) carriers developed NPC at an earlier age than homozygous (CC) carriers, such that the age of onset was accelerated by 8.9 years (P=0.002). Our data suggest that rs1563828 is a modifier of the age of onset of NPC in the population studied. The age of onset for NPC with TT homozygotes was earlier than CC carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
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19
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Combined Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in P53, P73, and MDM2 on Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Survival. J Thorac Oncol 2011; 6:1793-800. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3182272273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE Mouse double minute 4 (MDM4), a homolog of MDM2, is one of the key negative regulators of p53, and its amplification or overexpression contributes to carcinogenesis by inhibiting the p53 tumor suppressor activity. We investigated the association between MDM4 polymorphisms and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). METHODS We genotyped three MDM4 tagging polymorphisms, two in the 3' untranslated region (rs11801299G>A and rs10900598G>T) and one in intron 1 (rs1380576C>G), in a case-control study of 1075 non-Hispanic white SCCHN patients and 1079 cancer-free controls, and evaluated their associations with SCCHN risk. RESULTS Although none of these three polymorphisms individually had a statistically significant effect on the risk of SCCHN, nor did their combined number of putative risk genotypes (i.e. rs11801299GG, rs1380576CG+GG, and rs10900598GG) [odds ratio (OR)=1.16; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) =0.93-1.45], we found that individuals with 1-3 risk genotypes had statistically significant increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer (OR=1.32; 95% CI=1.00-1.73), particularly for those with T1-2 stage (OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.02-1.94), those with regional lymph node metastases (N1-3) (OR=1.44; 95% CI=1.07-1.95), and those with late stages (III and IV) (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.01-1.77). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the joint effect of MDM4 variants may contribute to the risk of oropharyngeal cancer in non-Hispanic whites. Additional studies are warranted to unravel whether the particular stage distribution of oropharyngeal cancer with the strongest association (T1-2, N1-3, and III-IV) is a possible link with human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancers.
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21
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Yu H, Sturgis EM, Liu Z, Wang LE, Wei Q, Li G. Modifying effect of MDM4 variants on risk of HPV16-associated squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx. Cancer 2011; 118:1684-92. [PMID: 21823114 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p53 pathway plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing tumor formation. Given the roles of both MDM4 and HPV16 E6 oncoproteins in inhibition of p53 activity, we tested the hypothesis that MDM4 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of HPV16-associated squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). METHODS Genotyping was conducted on 3 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs11801299 G>A, rs10900598 G>T, and rs1380576 C>G) in MDM4, and serology was used to determine HPV 16 exposure in 380 cases and 335 cancer-free controls that were frequency-matched by age, sex, smoking, and drinking status. RESULTS None of 3 MDM4 polymorphisms alone was significantly associated with risk of overall SCCHN. With further analysis stratified by HPV16 serology and tumor site, we found that each polymorphism individually modified the risk of HPV16-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP), and such effect modification was particularly pronounced in never smokers and never drinkers. CONCLUSION The risk of HPV16-associated SCCOP could be modified by MDM4 polymorphisms. Large and prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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22
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Wynendaele J, Böhnke A, Leucci E, Nielsen SJ, Lambertz I, Hammer S, Sbrzesny N, Kubitza D, Wolf A, Gradhand E, Balschun K, Braicu I, Sehouli J, Darb-Esfahani S, Denkert C, Thomssen C, Hauptmann S, Lund A, Marine JC, Bartel F. An illegitimate microRNA target site within the 3' UTR of MDM4 affects ovarian cancer progression and chemosensitivity. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9641-9. [PMID: 21084273 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of MDM4 (also known as MDMX or HDMX) is thought to promote tumorigenesis by decreasing p53 tumor suppressor function. Even modest decrease in Mdm4 levels affects tumorigenesis in mice, suggesting that genetic variants of MDM4 might have similar effects in humans. We sequenced the MDM4 gene in a series of ovarian cancer cell lines and carcinomas to identify mutations and/or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We identified an SNP (SNP34091) in the 3'-UTR of MDM4 that creates a putative target site for hsa-miR-191, a microRNA that is highly expressed in normal and tumor tissues. Biochemical evidence supports specific miR-191-dependent regulation of the MDM4-C, but not MDM4-A, variant. Consistently, the A-allele was associated with statistically significant increased expression of MDM4 mRNA and protein levels in ovarian carcinomas. Importantly, the wild-type genotype (A/A) is more frequent (57.8% vs. 42.2% for A/C and C/C, respectively) in patients with high-grade carcinomas than in patients with low-grade carcinomas (47.2% vs. 52.5% for A/A and A/C + C/C, respectively). Moreover, A/A patients who do not express the estrogen receptor had a 4.2-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-13.5; P = 0.02] increased risk of recurrence and 5.5-fold (95% CI = 1.5-20.5; P = 0.01) increased risk of tumor-related death. Unexpectedly, the frequency of p53 mutations was not significantly lower in A/A patients. We conclude that acquisition of an illegitimate miR-191 target site causes downregulation of MDM4 expression, thereby significantly delaying ovarian carcinoma progression and tumor-related death. Importantly, these effects appear to be, at least partly, independent of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Wynendaele
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, VIB-UGent, Technologiepark, Ghent, Belgium
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Castéra L, Sabbagh A, Dehainault C, Michaux D, Mansuet-Lupo A, Patillon B, Lamar E, Aerts I, Lumbroso-Le Rouic L, Couturier J, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Gauthier-Villars M, Houdayer C. MDM2 as a Modifier Gene in Retinoblastoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 102:1805-8. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Sun T, Lee GSM, Oh WK, Pomerantz M, Yang M, Xie W, Freedman ML, Kantoff PW. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in p53 pathway and aggressiveness of prostate cancer in a Caucasian population. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:5244-51. [PMID: 20855462 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumor suppressor p53 plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability and tumor prevention. Mdm2, Mdm4, and Hausp are all critical regulators of the p53 protein. Despite the importance of the p53 pathway in prostate cancer development and progression, little is known about the association of functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the p53 pathway genes and prostate cancer aggressiveness. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we analyze the association of SNPs in p53, Mdm2, Mdm4, and Hausp genes with prostate cancer clinicopathologic variables in a large hospital-based Caucasian prostate cancer cohort (N = 4,073). RESULTS We found that the Mdm2 SNP309 T allele was associated with earlier onset prostate cancer (P = 0.004), higher Gleason scores (P = 0.004), and higher stages in men undergoing a radical prostatectomy (P = 0.011). Both the Mdm4 and Hausp SNPs (rs1380576 and rs1529916) were found to be associated with higher D'Amico risk prostate cancer category at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.023 and P = 0.046, respectively). Mdm4 SNP was also found to be associated with higher Gleason score at radical prostatectomy (P = 0.047). We did not observe any statistically significant association between the p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and prostate cancer aggressiveness or pathologic variables. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested the importance of these p53 regulators in prostate cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the p53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1) gene in breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and whole-breast irradiation (BCS + RT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 80:385-91. [PMID: 20646866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE TP53BP1 is a key component of radiation-induced deoxyribonucleic acid damage repair. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of a known common single nucleotide polymorphism in this gene (rs560191) in patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and whole-breast irradiation (BCS + RT). METHODS AND MATERIALS The population consisted of 176 premenopausal women treated with BCS + RT (median follow-up, 12 years). Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was processed by use of TaqMan assays. Each allele for rs560191 was either C or G, so each patient was therefore classified as CC, CG, or GG. Patients were grouped as GG if they were homozygous for the variant G allele or CC-CG if they carried at least one copy of the common C allele (CC or CG). RESULTS Of the 176 women, 124 (71%) were CC-CG and 52 (29%) were GG. The mean age was 44 years for GG vs. 38 years for CC-CG (p < 0.001). GG was more common in African-American women than white women (69% vs. 13%, p < 0.001) and more commonly estrogen receptor negative (70% vs. 49%, p = 0.02). There were no significant correlations of rs560191 with other critical variables. Despite the fact that GG patients were older, the 10-year rate of local relapses was higher (22% for GG vs. 12% for CC-CG, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This novel avenue of investigation of polymorphisms in radiation repair/response genes in patients treated with BCS + RT suggests a correlation to local relapse. Additional evaluation is needed to assess the biological and functional significance of these single nucleotide polymorphisms, and larger confirmatory validation studies will be required to determine the clinical implications.
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Fang S, Krahe R, Lozano G, Han Y, Chen W, Post SM, Zhang B, Wilson CD, Bachinski LL, Strong LC, Amos CI. Effects of MDM2, MDM4 and TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms on cancer risk in a cohort study of carriers of TP53 germline mutations. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10813. [PMID: 20520810 PMCID: PMC2877078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that MDM2 SNP309 and p53 codon 72 have modifier effects on germline P53 mutations, but those studies relied on case-only studies with small sample sizes. The impact of MDM4 polymorphism on tumor onset in germline mutation carriers has not previously been studied. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed 213 p53 germline mutation carriers including 168(78.9%) affected with cancer and 174 who had genotypic data. We analyzed time to first cancer using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods, comparing risks according to polymorphism genotypes. For MDM2 SNP309, a significant difference of 9.0 years in the average age of cancer diagnosis was observed between GG/GT and TT carriers (18.6 versus 27.6 years, P = 0.0087). The hazards ratio was 1.58 (P = 0.03) comparing risks among individuals with GG/GT to risk among TT, but this effect was only significant in females (HR = 1.60, P = 0.02). Compared to other genotypes, P53 codon 72 PP homozygotes had a 2.24 times (P = 0.03) higher rate for time to develop cancer. We observed a multiplicative joint effect of MDM2 and p53 codon72 polymorphism on risk. The MDM4 polymorphism had no significant effects. Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that the MDM2 SNP309 G allele is associated with cancer risk in p53 germline mutation carriers and accelerates time to cancer onset with a pronounced effect in females. A multiplicative joint effect exists between the MDM2 SNP309 G allele and the p53 codon 72 G allele in the risk of cancer development. Our results further define cancer risk in carriers of germline p53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenying Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ralf Krahe
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Post
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Baili Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Charmaine D. Wilson
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Linda L. Bachinski
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Louise C. Strong
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Germline mutations and polymorphisms in the origins of cancers in women. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2010:297671. [PMID: 20111735 PMCID: PMC2810468 DOI: 10.1155/2010/297671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several female malignancies including breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers can be characterized based on known somatic and germline mutations. Initiation and propagation of tumors reflect underlying genomic alterations such as mutations, polymorphisms, and copy number variations found in genes of multiple cellular pathways. The contributions of any single genetic variation or mutation in a population depend on its frequency and penetrance as well as tissue-specific functionality. Genome wide association studies, fluorescence in situ hybridization, comparative genomic hybridization, and candidate gene studies have enumerated genetic contributors to cancers in women. These include p53, BRCA1, BRCA2, STK11, PTEN, CHEK2, ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, FGFR2, TGFB1, MDM2, MDM4 as well as several other chromosomal loci. Based on the heterogeneity within a specific tumor type, a combination of genomic alterations defines the cancer subtype, biologic behavior, and in some cases, response to therapeutics. Consideration of tumor heterogeneity is therefore important in the critical analysis of gene associations in cancer.
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