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Nakamura-Shinya Y, Iguchi-Manaka A, Murata R, Sato K, Van Vo A, Kanemaru K, Shibuya A, Shibuya K. DNAM-1 promotes inflammation-driven tumor development via enhancing IFN-γ production. Int Immunol 2021; 34:149-157. [PMID: 34672321 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNAM-1 is an activating immunoreceptor on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Expression levels of its ligands, CD155 and CD112, are upregulated on tumor cells. The interaction of DNAM-1 on CD8 + T cells and NK cells with the ligands on tumor cells plays an important role in tumor immunity. We previously reported that mice deficient in DNAM-1 showed accelerated growth of tumors induced by the chemical carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Contrary to those results, we show here that tumor development induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) together with DMBA was suppressed in DNAM-1-deficient mice. In this model, DNAM-1 enhanced IFN-γ secretion from conventional CD4 + T cells to promote inflammation-related tumor development. These findings suggest that, under inflammatory conditions, DNAM-1 contributes to tumor development via conventional CD4 + T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuho Nakamura-Shinya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akiko Iguchi-Manaka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Rikito Murata
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sato
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Anh Van Vo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuko Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.,R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Cho HR, Wang Y, Bai X, Xiang YY, Lu C, Post A, Al Habeeb A, Liu M. XB130 deficiency enhances carcinogen-induced skin tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:1363-1375. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractXB130 is an adaptor protein that functions as a mediator of multiple tyrosine kinases important for regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion. Formerly predicted as an oncogene, alterations of its expression are documented in various human cancers. However, the exact role of XB130 in tumorigenesis is unknown. To address its function in skin tumorigenesis, a two-stage dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) study was performed on XB130 knockout (KO), heterozygous (HZ) and wild-type (WT) littermate mice. DMBA/TPA-treated XB130 KO and HZ males developed a significantly higher number of epidermal tumors that were notably larger in size than did WT mice. Interestingly, DMBA/TPA-treated female mice did not show any difference in tumor multiplicity regardless of the genotypes. The skin tumor lesions of XB130 KO males were more progressed with an increased frequency of keratoacanthoma. Deficiency of XB130 dramatically increased epidermal tumor cell proliferation. The responses to DMBA and TPA stimuli were also individually investigated to elucidate the mechanistic role of XB130 at different stages of tumorigenesis. DMBA-treated male XB130 KO mice showed compensatory p53-mediated stress response. TPA-treated XB130 KO males demonstrated more skin ulceration with more severe edema, enhanced cell proliferation, accumulation of infiltrating neutrophils and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes compared with WT mice. Enhanced activities of nuclear factor-kappa B pathway, increased protein expression of metalloproteinase-9 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were found in these KO mice. These findings demonstrate that XB130 acts as a tumor suppressor in carcinogen-induced skin tumorigenesis that may be mediated through inhibiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ra Cho
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
| | - Yun-Yan Xiang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
| | - Christina Lu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
| | - Alexander Post
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
| | - Ayman Al Habeeb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Ergen EN, Yusuf N. Inhibition of interleukin-12 and/or interleukin-23 for the treatment of psoriasis: What is the evidence for an effect on malignancy? Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:737-747. [PMID: 29704872 PMCID: PMC6023723 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells and cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 promote cellular responses mediated by T cells, which contribute to an inflammatory loop responsible for the induction and maintenance of psoriatic plaques. Antibodies that inhibit IL-12/23 or IL-23 are key treatment options for patients with psoriasis. IL-12 and IL-23 also play a key role in immune responses to infections and tumors. A growing body of information from clinical trials, cohort studies, postmarketing reports, genetic studies and animal models provides insights into the potential biological relationships between IL-12/23 inhibition and malignancies. We summarize this information in tables and provide some context for the interpretation of these data with the goal of informing dermatologists who are using IL-12/23 or IL-23 inhibitors to treat patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N. Ergen
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
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4
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Kim KM, Im A, Kim SH, Hyun JW, Chae S. Timosaponin AIII inhibits melanoma cell migration by suppressing COX-2 and in vivo tumor metastasis. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:181-8. [PMID: 26595378 PMCID: PMC4768391 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin disease, due in large part to its propensity to metastasize. We examined the effects of timosaponin AIII, a compound isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, on melanoma cancer cell migration and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects using B16-F10 and WM-115 melanoma cells lines. Overexpression of COX-2, its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and PGE2 receptors (EP2 and EP4) promoted cell migration in vitro. Exposure to timosaponin AIII resulted in concentration-dependent inhibition of cell migration, which was associated with reduced levels of COX-2, PGE2, and PGE2 receptors. Transient transfection of COX-2 siRNA also inhibited cell migration. Exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbal-13-acetate enhanced cell migration, whereas timosaponin AIII inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbal-13-acetate-induced cell migration and reduced basal levels of EP2 and EP4. Moreover, timosaponin AIII inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an upstream regulator of COX-2 in B16-F10 cells. Consistent with our in vitro findings, in vivo studies showed that timosaponin AIII treatment significantly reduced the total number of metastatic nodules in the mouse lung and improved histological alterations in B16-F10-injected C57BL/6 mice. In addition, C57BL/6 mice treated with timosaponin AIII showed reduced expression of COX-2 and NF-κB in the lung. Together, these results indicate that timosaponin AIII has the capacity to inhibit melanoma cell migration, an essential step in the process of metastasis, by inhibiting expression of COX-2, NF-κB, PGE2, and PGE2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - A‐Rang Im
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Seung Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and BioscienceDaejeon UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- School of Medicine and Institute for Nuclear Science and TechnologyJeju National UniversityJejuKorea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
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Zhu Z, Liu T, Han F, Zhan SD, Wang CY. Mutations in the p16 gene in DMBA-induced pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and pancreatic cancer in rats. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2015; 14:208-14. [PMID: 25865695 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(15)60331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and pancreatic cancer in rats provide a classic model for uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic cancer. However, this model has not been characterized genetically, and in particular, the major genetic alterations in the p16 gene are unknown. METHODS Lesions of PanIN and pancreatic cancer were induced with DMBA implantation in 40 rats, and control pancreatic tissue was obtained from 10 age-matched rats without exposure to DMBA. Pancreatic tissue was harvested three months after DMBA implantation and DNA was extracted. Homozygous deletions and point mutations of the p16 (exons 1 and 2) gene were detected by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. RESULTS DMBA implantation in the 40 rats induced 26 PanINs and 9 carcinomas. The overall frequency of p16 alterations in the pancreatic tissue of these rats was 42.86% (15/35), and the changes were point mutations, not homozygous deletions. p16 mutations were present in 30.77% (8/26) of the rats with PanIN and 77.78% (7/9) of the rats with carcinoma (P<0.05). The increasing incidence of p16 alterations was detected in 20.00% (1/5) of PanIN-1, 28.57% (2/7) of PanIN-2 and 35.71% (5/14) of PanIN-3 lesions. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that p16 alteration is a common event in the carcinogenesis of this model and that the mutation pattern is analogous to that of human lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Dao V, Pandeswara S, Liu Y, Hurez V, Dodds S, Callaway D, Liu A, Hasty P, Sharp ZD, Curiel TJ. Prevention of carcinogen and inflammation-induced dermal cancer by oral rapamycin includes reducing genetic damage. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:400-9. [PMID: 25736275 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0313-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer prevention is a cost-effective alternative to treatment. In mice, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin prevents distinct spontaneous, noninflammatory cancers, making it a candidate broad-spectrum cancer prevention agent. We now show that oral microencapsulated rapamycin (eRapa) prevents skin cancer in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) carcinogen-induced, inflammation-driven carcinogenesis. eRapa given before DMBA/TPA exposure significantly increased tumor latency, reduced papilloma prevalence and numbers, and completely inhibited malignant degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma. Rapamycin is primarily an mTORC1-specific inhibitor, but eRapa did not reduce mTORC1 signaling in skin or papillomas, and did not reduce important proinflammatory factors in this model, including p-Stat3, IL17A, IL23, IL12, IL1β, IL6, or TNFα. In support of lack of mTORC1 inhibition, eRapa did not reduce numbers or proliferation of CD45(-)CD34(+)CD49f(mid) skin cancer initiating stem cells in vivo and marginally reduced epidermal hyperplasia. Interestingly, eRapa reduced DMBA/TPA-induced skin DNA damage and the hras codon 61 mutation that specifically drives carcinogenesis in this model, suggesting reduction of DNA damage as a cancer prevention mechanism. In support, cancer prevention and DNA damage reduction effects were lost when eRapa was given after DMBA-induced DNA damage in vivo. eRapa afforded picomolar concentrations of rapamycin in skin of DMBA/TPA-exposed mice, concentrations that also reduced DMBA-induced DNA damage in mouse and human fibroblasts in vitro. Thus, we have identified DNA damage reduction as a novel mechanism by which rapamycin can prevent cancer, which could lay the foundation for its use as a cancer prevention agent in selected human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Dao
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Srilakshmi Pandeswara
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Vincent Hurez
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Sherry Dodds
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Danielle Callaway
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Aijie Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Paul Hasty
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Zelton D Sharp
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
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7
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Carcinogen-Induced Skin Tumor Development Requires Leukocytic Expression of the Transcription Factor Runx3. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:913-26. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0098-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Rothe M, Quarcoo D, Chashchina AA, Bozrova SV, Qin Z, Nedospasov SA, Blankenstein T, Kammertoens T, Drutskaya MS. IL-13 but not IL-4 signaling via IL-4Rα protects mice from papilloma formation during DMBA/TPA two-step skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Med 2013; 2:815-25. [PMID: 24403255 PMCID: PMC3892386 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) was shown to be tumor-promoting in full carcinogenesis studies using 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA). Because heretofore the role of IL-4 in DMBA/TPA (9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benz-anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) two-stage carcinogenesis was not studied, we performed such experiments using either IL-4(-/-) or IL-4Rα(-/-) mice. We found that IL-4Rα(-/-) but not IL-4(-/-) mice have enhanced papilloma formation, suggesting that IL-13 may be involved. Indeed, IL-13(-/-) mice developed more papillomas after exposure to DMBA/TPA than their heterozygous IL-13-competent littermate controls. However, when tested in a full carcinogenesis experiment, exposure of mice to 25 μg of MCA, both IL-13(-/-) and IL-13(+/-) mice led to the same incidence of tumors. While IL-4 enhances MCA carcinogenesis, it does not play a measurable role in our DMBA/TPA carcinogenesis experiments. Conversely, IL-13 does not affect MCA carcinogenesis but protects mice from DMBA/TPA carcinogenesis. One possible explanation is that IL-4 and IL-13, although they share a common IL-4Rα chain, regulate signaling in target cells differently by employing distinct JAK/STAT-mediated signaling pathways downstream of IL-13 or IL-4 receptor complexes, resulting in different inflammatory transcriptional programs. Taken together, our results indicate that the course of DMBA/TPA- and MCA-induced carcinogenesis is affected differently by IL-4 versus IL-13-mediated inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rothe
- Institute of Immunology, Charité Campus Buch13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Quarcoo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité Campus Benjamin FranklinThielallee 69-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna A Chashchina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences32 Vavilov Str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Bozrova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences32 Vavilov Str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhihai Qin
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences32 Vavilov Str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Institute of Immunology, Charité Campus Buch13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine13125, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences32 Vavilov Str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University119991, Moscow, Russia
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Kowalczyk P, Junco JJ, Kowalczyk MC, Sosnowska R, Tolstykh O, Walaszek Z, Hanausek M, Slaga TJ. The effects of dissociated glucocorticoids RU24858 and RU24782 on TPA-induced skin tumor promotion biomarkers in SENCAR mice. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:488-97. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kowalczyk
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Jacob J. Junco
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Magdalena C. Kowalczyk
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Renata Sosnowska
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Olga Tolstykh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Zbigniew Walaszek
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Margaret Hanausek
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
| | - Thomas J. Slaga
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas
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van der Weyden L, Adams DJ. Using mice to unveil the genetics of cancer resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2012; 1826:312-30. [PMID: 22613679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the UK, four in ten people will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime, with an individual's relative risk depending on many factors, including age, lifestyle and genetic make-up. Much research has gone into identifying the genes that are mutated in tumorigenesis with the overwhelming majority of genetically-modified (GM) mice in cancer research showing accelerated tumorigenesis or recapitulating key aspects of the tumorigenic process. Yet if six out of ten people will not develop some form of cancer during their lifetime, together with the fact that some cancer patients experience spontaneous regression/remission, it suggests there are ways of 'resisting' cancer. Indeed, there are wildtype, spontaneously-arising mutants and GM mice that show some form of 'resistance' to cancer. Identification of mice with increased resistance to cancer is a novel aspect of cancer research that is important in terms of providing both chemopreventative and therapeutic options. In this review we describe the different mouse lines that display a 'cancer resistance' phenotype and discuss the molecular basis of their resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise van der Weyden
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
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11
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Jeon AJ, Lim TG, Jung SK, Lee EJ, Yeom MH, Park JS, Choung MG, Lee HJ, Lim Y, Lee KW. Black soybean (Glycine max cv. Heugmi) seed coat extract suppresses TPA or UVB-induced COX-2 expression by blocking mitogen activated protein kinases pathway in mouse skin epithelial cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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12
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Vaid M, Singh T, Katiyar SK. Grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibit melanoma cell invasiveness by reduction of PGE2 synthesis and reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21539. [PMID: 21738696 PMCID: PMC3124524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin disease due, in large part, to its propensity to metastasize. We have examined the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on melanoma cancer cell migration and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects using highly metastasis-specific human melanoma cell lines, A375 and Hs294t. Using in vitro cell invasion assays, we observed that treatment of A375 and Hs294t cells with GSPs resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of invasion or cell migration of these cells, which was associated with a reduction in the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and prostaglandin (PG) E(2) production. Treatment of cells with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, or transient transfection of melanoma cells with COX-2 small interfering RNA, also inhibited melanoma cell migration. Treatment of cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, an inducer of COX-2, enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, a protein of mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and subsequently cell migration whereas both GSPs and celecoxib significantly inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted cell migration as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Treatment of cells with UO126, an inhibitor of MEK, also inhibited the migration of melanoma cells. Further, GSPs inhibited the activation of NF-κB/p65, an upstream regulator of COX-2, in melanoma cells, and treatment of cells with caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an inhibitor of NF-κB, also inhibited cell migration. Additionally, inhibition of melanoma cell migration by GSPs was associated with reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, which resulted in an increase in the levels of epithelial biomarkers (E-cadherin and cytokeratins) while loss of mesenchymal biomarkers (vimentin, fibronectin and N-cadherin) in melanoma cells. Together, these results indicate that GSPs have the ability to inhibit melanoma cell invasion/migration by targeting the endogenous expression of COX-2 and reversing the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudit Vaid
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Tripti Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Santosh K. Katiyar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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13
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Singh T, Vaid M, Katiyar N, Sharma S, Katiyar SK. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits melanoma cancer cell migration by reducing the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E₂ and prostaglandin E₂ receptors. Carcinogenesis 2010; 32:86-92. [PMID: 20974686 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin disease due, in large part, to its propensity to metastasize. We have examined the effect of berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, on human melanoma cancer cell migration and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects using melanoma cell lines, A375 and Hs294. Using an in vitro cell migration assay, we show that over expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, its metabolite prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and PGE₂ receptors promote the migration of cells. We found that treatment of A375 and Hs294 cells with berberine resulted in concentration-dependent inhibition of migration of these cells, which was associated with a reduction in the levels of COX-2, PGE₂ and PGE₂ receptors (EP2 and EP4). Treatment of cells with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, or transient transfection of cells with COX-2 small interfering RNA, also inhibited cell migration. Treatment of the cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an inducer of COX-2 or PGE₂, enhanced cell migration, whereas berberine inhibited TPA- or PGE₂-promoted cell migration. Berberine reduced the basal levels as well as PGE₂-stimulated expression levels of EP2 and EP4. Treatment of the cells with the EP4 agonist stimulated cell migration and berberine blocked EP4 agonist-induced cell migration activity. Moreover, berberine inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an upstream regulator of COX-2, in A375 cells, and treatment of cells with caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an inhibitor of NF-κB, inhibited cell migration. Together, these results indicate for the first time that berberine inhibits melanoma cell migration, an essential step in invasion and metastasis, by inhibition of COX-2, PGE₂ and PGE₂ receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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Decicco-Skinner KL, Trovato EL, Simmons JK, Lepage PK, Wiest JS. Loss of tumor progression locus 2 (tpl2) enhances tumorigenesis and inflammation in two-stage skin carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2010; 30:389-97. [PMID: 20935675 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) is a serine/threonine kinase in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction cascade known to regulate inflammatory pathways. Previously identified as an oncogene, its mutation or overexpression is reported in a variety of human cancers. To address its role in skin carcinogenesis, Tpl2(-/-) or wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a two-stage dimethylbenzanthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Tpl2(-/-) mice developed a significantly higher incidence of tumors (80%) than WT mice (17%), as well as a reduced tumor latency and a significantly higher number of total tumors (113 vs 6). Moreover, Tpl2(-/-) mice treated with TPA experienced significantly higher nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) activation, edema, infiltrating neutrophils and production of proinflammatory cytokines than did WT mice. We investigated the role of the p38, JNK, MEK and NF-κB signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo in WT and Tpl2(-/-) mice by using inhibitors for each of these pathways. We confirmed that the proinflammatory effect in Tpl2(-/-) mice was due to heightened activity of the NF-κB pathway. These studies indicate that Tpl2 may serve more as a tumor suppressor than as an oncogene in chemically induced skin carcinogenesis, with its absence contributing to both tumorigenesis and inflammation.
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