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Son JW, Shin JJ, Kim MG, Kim J, Son SW. Keratinocyte-specific knockout mice models via Cre–loxP recombination system. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Madan E, Pelham CJ, Nagane M, Parker TM, Canas-Marques R, Fazio K, Shaik K, Yuan Y, Henriques V, Galzerano A, Yamashita T, Pinto MAF, Palma AM, Camacho D, Vieira A, Soldini D, Nakshatri H, Post SR, Rhiner C, Yamashita H, Accardi D, Hansen LA, Carvalho C, Beltran AL, Kuppusamy P, Gogna R, Moreno E. Flower isoforms promote competitive growth in cancer. Nature 2019; 572:260-264. [PMID: 31341286 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In humans, the adaptive immune system uses the exchange of information between cells to detect and eliminate foreign or damaged cells; however, the removal of unwanted cells does not always require an adaptive immune system1,2. For example, cell selection in Drosophila uses a cell selection mechanism based on 'fitness fingerprints', which allow it to delay ageing3, prevent developmental malformations3,4 and replace old tissues during regeneration5. At the molecular level, these fitness fingerprints consist of combinations of Flower membrane proteins3,4,6. Proteins that indicate reduced fitness are called Flower-Lose, because they are expressed in cells marked to be eliminated6. However, the presence of Flower-Lose isoforms at a cell's membrane does not always lead to elimination, because if neighbouring cells have similar levels of Lose proteins, the cell will not be killed4,6,7. Humans could benefit from the capability to recognize unfit cells, because accumulation of damaged but viable cells during development and ageing causes organ dysfunction and disease8-17. However, in Drosophila this mechanism is hijacked by premalignant cells to gain a competitive growth advantage18. This would be undesirable for humans because it might make tumours more aggressive19-21. It is unknown whether a similar mechanism of cell-fitness comparison is present in humans. Here we show that two human Flower isoforms (hFWE1 and hFWE3) behave as Flower-Lose proteins, whereas the other two isoforms (hFWE2 and hFWE4) behave as Flower-Win proteins. The latter give cells a competitive advantage over cells expressing Lose isoforms, but Lose-expressing cells are not eliminated if their neighbours express similar levels of Lose isoforms; these proteins therefore act as fitness fingerprints. Moreover, human cancer cells show increased Win isoform expression and proliferate in the presence of Lose-expressing stroma, which confers a competitive growth advantage on the cancer cells. Inhibition of the expression of Flower proteins reduces tumour growth and metastasis, and induces sensitivity to chemotherapy. Our results show that ancient mechanisms of cell recognition and selection are active in humans and affect oncogenic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Madan
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Christopher J Pelham
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Masaki Nagane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taylor M Parker
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Fazio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kranti Shaik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Youzhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | | | - Tadashi Yamashita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Ana Vieira
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Soldini
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven R Post
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Hiroko Yamashita
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Laura A Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- Department of Radiology and Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Rajan Gogna
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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Lahtinen A, Puttonen S, Vanttola P, Viitasalo K, Sulkava S, Pervjakova N, Joensuu A, Salo P, Toivola A, Härmä M, Milani L, Perola M, Paunio T. A distinctive DNA methylation pattern in insufficient sleep. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1193. [PMID: 30718923 PMCID: PMC6362278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Short sleep duration or insomnia may lead to an increased risk of various psychiatric and cardio-metabolic conditions. Since DNA methylation plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression, studies of differentially methylated positions (DMPs) might be valuable for understanding the mechanisms underlying insomnia. We performed a cross-sectional genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in relation to self-reported insufficient sleep in individuals from a community-based sample (79 men, aged 39.3 ± 7.3), and in relation to shift work disorder in an occupational cohort (26 men, aged 44.9 ± 9.0). The analysis of DNA methylation data revealed that genes corresponding to selected DMPs form a distinctive pathway: "Nervous System Development" (FDR P value < 0.05). We found that 78% of the DMPs were hypomethylated in cases in both cohorts, suggesting that insufficient sleep may be associated with loss of DNA methylation. A karyoplot revealed clusters of DMPs at various chromosomal regions, including 12 DMPs on chromosome 17, previously associated with Smith-Magenis syndrome, a rare condition comprising disturbed sleep and inverse circadian rhythm. Our findings give novel insights into the DNA methylation patterns associated with sleep loss, possibly modifying processes related to neuroplasticity and neurodegeneration. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lahtinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, PO Box 590, FIN-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sampsa Puttonen
- Work Ability and Working Career, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Vanttola
- Work Ability and Working Career, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sonja Sulkava
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, PO Box 590, FIN-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalia Pervjakova
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Anni Joensuu
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, PO Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Salo
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Auli Toivola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Work Ability and Working Career, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, PO Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, PO Box 590, FIN-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
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Accumulation of cytoplasmic CDC25A in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma leads to a dependency on CDC25A for cancer cell survival and tumor growth. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Hammiller BO, El-Abaseri TB, Dlugosz AA, Hansen LA. A Method for the Immortalization of Newborn Mouse Skin Keratinocytes. Front Oncol 2015; 5:177. [PMID: 26284198 PMCID: PMC4519689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation and culture of mouse primary epidermal keratinocytes is a common technique that allows for easy genetic and environmental manipulation. However, due to their limited lifespan in culture, experiments utilizing primary keratinocytes require large numbers of animals, and are time consuming and expensive. To avoid these issues, we developed a method for the immortalization of primary mouse epidermal keratinocytes. Upon isolation of newborn epidermal keratinocytes according to established methods, the cells were cultured long-term in keratinocyte growth factor-containing medium. The cells senesced within a few weeks and eventually, small, slowly growing colonies emerged. After they regained confluency, the cells were passaged and slowly refilled the dish. With several rounds of subculture, the cells adapted to culture conditions, were easily subcultured, maintained normal morphology, and were apparently immortal. The immortalized cells retained the ability to differentiate with increased calcium concentrations, and were maintained to high passage numbers while maintaining a relatively stable karyotype. Analysis of multiple immortalized cell lines as well as primary keratinocyte cultures revealed increased numbers of chromosomes, especially in the primary keratinocytes, and chromosomal aberrations in most of the immortalized cultures and in the primary keratinocytes. Orthotopic grafting of immortalized keratinocytes together with fibroblasts onto nude mouse hosts produced skin while v-rasHa infection of the immortalized keratinocytes prior to grafting produced squamous cell carcinoma. In summary, this method of cell line generation allows for decreased use of animals, reduces the expense and time involved in research, and provides a useful model for cutaneous keratinocyte experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrzej A Dlugosz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Laura A Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University , Omaha, NE , USA
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He X, Jing Y, Wang J, Li K, Yang Q, Zhao Y, Li R, Ge J, Qiu X, Li G. Significant accumulation of persistent organic pollutants and dysregulation in multiple DNA damage repair pathways in the electronic-waste-exposed populations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 137:458-466. [PMID: 25679774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electronic waste (e-waste) has created a worldwide environmental and health problem, by generating a diverse group of hazardous compounds such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Our previous studies demonstrated that populations from e-waste exposed region have a significantly higher level of chromosomal aberrancy and incidence of DNA damage. In this study, we further demonstrated that various POPs persisted at a significantly higher concentration in the exposed group than those in the unexposed group. The level of reactive oxygen species and micronucleus rate were also significantly elevated in the exposed group. RNA sequencing analysis revealed 31 genes in DNA damage responses and repair pathways that were differentially expressed between the two groups (Log2 ratio >1 or <-1). Our data demonstrated that both females and males of the exposed group have activated a series of DNA damage response genes; however many important DNA repair pathways have been dysregulated. Expressions of NEIL1/3 and RPA3, which are critical in initiating base pair and nucleotide excision repairs respectively, have been downregulated in both females and males of the exposed group. In contrast, expression of RNF8, an E3 ligase involved in an error prone non-homologous end joining repair for DNA double strand break, was upregulated in both genders of the exposed group. The other genes appeared to be differentially expressed only when the males or females of the two groups were compared respectively. Importantly, the expression of cell cycle regulatory gene CDC25A that has been implicated in multiple kinds of malignant transformation was significantly upregulated among the exposed males while downregulated among the exposed females. In conclusion, our studies have demonstrated significant correlations between e-waste disposing and POPs accumulation, DNA lesions and dysregulation of multiple DNA damage repair mechanisms in the residents of the e-waste exposed region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo He
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Yaqing Jing
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Jianhai Wang
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Keqiu Li
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jie Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, PR China; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Guang Li
- Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
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Bertero T, Bourget-Ponzio I, Puissant A, Loubat A, Mari B, Meneguzzi G, Auberger P, Barbry P, Ponzio G, Rezzonico R. Tumor suppressor function of miR-483-3p on squamous cell carcinomas due to its pro-apoptotic properties. Cell Cycle 2014; 12:2183-93. [PMID: 24067364 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequent alteration of miRNA expression in many cancers, together with our recent reports showing a robust accumulation of miR-483-3p at the final stage of skin wound healing, and targeting of CDC25A leading to an arrest of keratinocyte proliferation, led us to hypothesize that miR-483-3p could also be endowed with antitumoral properties. We tested that hypothesis by documenting the in vitro and in vivo impacts of miR-483-3p in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. miR-483-3p sensitized SCC cells to serum deprivation- and drug-induced apoptosis, thus exerting potent tumor suppressor activities. Its pro-apoptotic activity was mediated by a direct targeting of several anti-apoptotic genes, such as API5, BIRC5, and RAN. Interestingly, an in vivo delivery of miR-483-3p into subcutaneous SCC xenografts significantly hampered tumor growth. This effect was explained by an inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase of apoptosis. This argues for its further use as an adjuvant in the many instances of cancers characterized by a downregulation of miR-483-3p.
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Calvo-Castro L, Syed DN, Chamcheu JC, Vilela FMP, Pérez AM, Vaillant F, Rojas M, Mukhtar H. Protective effect of tropical highland blackberry juice (Rubus adenotrichos Schltdl.) against UVB-mediated damage in human epidermal keratinocytes and in a reconstituted skin equivalent model. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 89:1199-207. [PMID: 23711186 DOI: 10.1111/php.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly its UVB (280-320 nm) spectrum, is the primary environmental stimulus leading to skin carcinogenesis. Several botanical species with antioxidant properties have shown photochemopreventive effects against UVB damage. Costa Rica's tropical highland blackberry (Rubus adenotrichos) contains important levels of phenolic compounds, mainly ellagitannins and anthocyanins, with strong antioxidant properties. In this study, we examined the photochemopreventive effect of R. adenotrichos blackberry juice (BBJ) on UVB-mediated responses in human epidermal keratinocytes and in a three-dimensional (3D) reconstituted normal human skin equivalent (SE). Pretreatment (2 h) and posttreatment (24 h) of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) with BBJ reduced UVB (25 mJ cm(-2))-mediated (1) cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and (2) 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) formation. Furthermore, treatment of NHEKs with BBJ increased UVB-mediated (1) poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and (2) activation of caspases 3, 8 and 9. Thus, BBJ seems to alleviate UVB-induced effects by reducing DNA damage and increasing apoptosis of damaged cells. To establish the in vivo significance of these findings to human skin, immunohistochemistry studies were performed in a 3D SE model, where BBJ was also found to decrease CPDs formation. These data suggest that BBJ may be developed as an agent to ameliorate UV-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Calvo-Castro
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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