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Arruda KAR, Normando AGC, Pacheco-Pereira C, Amorim Dos Santos J, Yamaguti PM, Mazzeu JF, Almeida FT, Acevedo AC, Guerra ENS. Phenotypic dento-osseous characterization of a Brazilian family with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105206. [PMID: 34224960 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a phenotypic characterization of the dento-osseous anomalies in a Brazilian family with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and to investigate the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) causative variant. DESIGN The study included a family of 14 individuals (Group A: affected; Group B: non-affected). The frequency of radiographic findings in both groups was evaluated according to the Dental Panoramic Radiograph Score (DPRS) diagnostic method. The accuracy and reproducibility of DPRS were tested. The DNA was isolated from the index patient's saliva and submitted to whole-exome and Sanger sequencing approach. RESULTS DPRS ≥ 7 was observed in 80 % of Group A but in none of Group B. The most common findings in Group A were dense bone islands (60 %), hazy sclerosis (40 %), osteomas (40 %), and supernumerary tooth (20 %). DPRS has proved to be a reliable method while DPRS ≥ 5 and DPRS ≥ 7 were taken as positive for FAP, and reproducible diagnosis test considering that the evaluators correctly identified the affected patients (Kappa agreement>0.8, p = 0.002). A nonsense heterozygous mutation in the APC gene (c.1370C > G; p.Ser457*) of the index case was detected. CONCLUSION FAP patients have a higher frequency of dento-osseous anomalies (p = 0.005). Bone abnormalities were more prevalent than dental anomalies (p = 0.001). Thus, FAP patients should be referred for dental examination and genetic counseling to perform early diagnosis of dento-osseous anomalies and evaluate the implications of the molecular findings in each particular family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ariely Rocha Arruda
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabriela Costa Normando
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Camila Pacheco-Pereira
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Juliana Amorim Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcio Yamaguti
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Juliana Forte Mazzeu
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty and Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.
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Gomez CL, Neufeld KL. Elevated adenomatous polyposis coli in goblet cells is associated with inflammation in mouse and human colon. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:2154-2167. [PMID: 33150708 DOI: 10.1113/ep088970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the localization and distribution pattern of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) in intestinal epithelial cells? Does this distribution change in different regions of the colon or in the condition of inflammation? What is the main finding and its importance? Colonic epithelia from mice and humans contain a subset of goblet cells displaying high APC levels. The number of APChigh goblet cells increases in inflamed tissue, which also displays increased GRP78, indicating potential stress from mucin production. In cultured human colon cells, expression of interleukin 1 pathway components (inducers of MUC2 expression) is reduced upon APC depletion raising the potential for APC participation in an inflammatory response. ABSTRACT Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) serves as a gatekeeper of intestinal homeostasis by promoting cellular differentiation and maintaining crypt architecture. Although appreciated as a critical colon tumour suppressor, roles for APC in disease states such as inflammation have yet to be fully delineated. This study aimed to characterize the localization of APC protein in gastrointestinal tissues from human patients with active inflammatory bowel disease and mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry revealed a subset of goblet cells with elevated Apc staining intensity in the small intestines and proximal/medial colons of mice. Upon induction of colitis with DSS, these 'APChigh ' goblet cells remained in the proximal and medial colon, but now were also observed in the distal colon. This phenotype was recapitulated in humans, with APChigh goblet cells observed only in the descending colons of patients with active ulcerative colitis. In cultured human colon cells derived from normal tissue, APC depletion reduced expression of mRNAs encoding the interleukin 1 (IL1) signalling pathway components IL1β and interleukin-1 receptor (IL1R), known regulators of Muc2 expression. Treating cancer cells lacking wild-type APC with IL1β, or induction of full-length APC in these cells led to increases in IL1R and MUC2 expression. Combining IL1β treatment with APC induction led to an increase of MUC2 expression greater than expected for additive affects, suggesting that APC sensitizes cells to IL1 signalling. These findings suggest that APC has novel roles in maintaining proper goblet cell function, thus providing further evidence for APC as an important factor in intestinal tissue homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Gomez
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kristi L Neufeld
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Benhammadi M, Mathé J, Dumont-Lagacé M, Kobayashi KS, Gaboury L, Brochu S, Perreault C. IFN-λ Enhances Constitutive Expression of MHC Class I Molecules on Thymic Epithelial Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1268-1280. [PMID: 32690660 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of MHC class I (MHC I) expression has been studied almost exclusively in hematolymphoid cells. We report that thymic epithelial cells (TECs), particularly the medullary TECs, constitutively express up to 100-fold more cell surface MHC I proteins than epithelial cells (ECs) from the skin, colon, and lung. Differential abundance of cell surface MHC I in primary ECs is regulated via transcription of MHC I and of genes implicated in the generation of MHC I-binding peptides. Superior MHC I expression in TECs is unaffected by deletion of Ifnar1 or Ifngr1, but is lessened by deletion of Aire, Ifnlr1, Stat1, or Nlrc5, and is driven mainly by type III IFN produced by medullary TECs. Ifnlr1 -/- mice show impaired negative selection of CD8 thymocytes and, at 9 mo of age, present autoimmune manifestations. Our study shows unanticipated variation in MHC I expression by ECs from various sites and provides compelling evidence that superior expression of MHC I in TECs is crucial for proper thymocyte education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Benhammadi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Justine Mathé
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Maude Dumont-Lagacé
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Koichi S Kobayashi
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843.,Department of Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; and
| | - Louis Gaboury
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sylvie Brochu
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; .,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Claude Perreault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; .,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Periasamy S, Wu WH, Chien SP, Liu CT, Liu MY. Dietary Ziziphus jujuba Fruit Attenuates Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis: A Pivotal Role of the NF-κB/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:120-132. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1615515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Periasamy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Hung Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Se-Ping Chien
- Department of Food and Beverage Service, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Teng Liu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yie Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Park J, Jang JH, Kim JH. Mediatory role of BLT2 in the proliferation of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:329-336. [PMID: 30553812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory lipid mediators play various roles in colorectal cancer progression through complex pathways. However, the mechanism by which lipoxygenase-derived inflammatory lipid mediators contribute to colorectal cancer progression remains elusive. In this study, we found that BLT2, a cell surface GPCR for leukotriene B4 and 12‑hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, is highly upregulated in KRAS mutant LOVO and SW480 colorectal cancer cells and plays critical roles in mediating proliferation through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and subsequent upregulation of cyclin D1. Exposure to BLT2 siRNA or LY255283, a specific BLT2 inhibitor, clearly suppressed the proliferation of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells and markedly increased cell cycle arrest by downregulating the PI3K/Akt-cyclin D1 cascade. Xenograft tumor formation by LOVO and SW480 cells in athymic mice was also substantially reduced by treatment with the BLT2 inhibitor in vivo. Together, our study demonstrates that BLT2 is necessary for the proliferation of LOVO and SW480 cells and thus may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeIn Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Jang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Burhannudin, Mahmudah N, Widyarini S, Purnomosari D. Chemopreventive Effects of Edible Canna (Canna edulis Kerr.) Against Colorectal Carcinogenesis: Effects on Expression of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rat Inflammatory Model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:839-844. [PMID: 29582643 PMCID: PMC5980864 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.3.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Dietary high fibre and calcium intake has been suggested to reduce colorectal cancer risk. However, there is limited information available regarding the potential of edible canna (Ganyong), with high dietary fibre and calcium content, to act as a preventive agent for colorectal cancer. This experimental study was conducted to investigate the preventive effect of Ganyong in reducing colorectal carcinogenesis with attention to effects on adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 equal groups; a normal control group without azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate (AOM/DSS) induction and Ganyong, a ‘cancer’ control group with AOM/DSS induction only, and three treatment groups with AOM/DSS induction and different percentages (5%, 10% and 20%) of Ganyong. Paraffin-embedded sections of rat colon tissue were analysed by haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining against antibodies against APC and iNOS. Variation in rates of APC and iNOS expression were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn’s test (SPSS statistic version 24). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: AOM/DSS induction increased the expression of APC (p=0.013) and iNOS (p=0.013) compared to the normal control group. APC expression in the treated groups was lower than in the ‘cancer’ control group (p=0.049), especially in the 10% Ganyong group (p=0.02). In contrast, there was no significant variation among the treated groups regarding iNOS expression. Histopathological features of the colon supported the data for APC and iNOS expression. Conclusion: This study indicated potential chemopreventive effects of Ganyong reducing expression of factors contributing to colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhannudin
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Carboxymethyl Pachyman in Fluorouracil-Treated CT26-Bearing Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050756. [PMID: 28481246 PMCID: PMC6153744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the chemotherapeutic agent of first choice for the treatment ofcolorectal cancer, however, treatment-related liver toxicity remains a major concern. Thereby, it is desirable to search for novel therapeutic approaches that can effectively enhance curative effects and reduce the toxic side effects of 5-FU. Carboxymethyl Pachyman (CMP) exhibits strong antitumor properties, but the antitumor and hepatoprotective effects of CMP and the molecular mechanisms behind these activities, are however poorly explored. Thereby, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of CMP in 5-FU-treated CT26-bearing mice, and further explore the underlying mechanism(s) of action. Initially, a CT26 colon carcinoma xenograft mice model was established. The immune organ indexes, blood indicators, liver tissue injury, and indicators associated with inflammation, antioxidant and apoptosis were then measured. Our results showed that CMP administration increased the tumor inhibitory rates of 5-FU and, meanwhile, it reversed reduction of peripheral white blood cells (WBC) and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC), increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), GSH-Px and glutathione(GSH) induced by 5-FU. Moreover, CMP in combination with 5-FU alleviated severe liver injury induced by 5-FU via reducing the levels of ROS, IL-1β, and IL-6, decreasing expression of p-IκB-α, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, pp38 and Bax, and elevating levels of Nrf2, GCL, HO-1 and Bcl-2. Collectively, these outcomes suggested that CMP effectively enhanced the curative effects of 5-FU and simultaneously reduced the liver injuries induced by 5-FU in CT26-bearing mice, and the mechanism may be associated with regulation of NF-κB, Nrf2-ARE and MAPK/P38/JNK pathways.
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Yang Y, Yang JJ, Tao H, Jin WS. New perspectives on β-catenin control of cell fate and proliferation in colon cancer. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74:14-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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