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Kumar N, Ehsan S, Banerjee S, Fernandez Perez C, Lhuilier I, Neuner J, Friebel-Klingner T, Fayanju OM, Nair B, Niinuma SA, Nampoothiri S, McCarthy AM. The unique risk factor profile of triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:1210-1219. [PMID: 38445713 PMCID: PMC11308168 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis compared with other breast cancer subtypes. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether known risk factors for breast cancer are also associated with TNBC in adult women. METHODS EMBASE, Medline, SCOPUS, and gray literature were queried with no limit on the date or language of publication. The exposures of interest included parity, breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding, age at menarche, age at first live birth, oral contraceptive (OC) use, duration of OC use, use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), family history, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, smoking, and breast density. The main outcome of interest was TNBC. Study quality was determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for case control studies and cohort studies. We estimated weighted odds ratios from random effects models to study the exposure-outcome associations. Protocol was registered under the number: PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021254594. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included. Family history, longer duration of OC use, and higher breast density were significantly associated with increased risk for TNBC, whereas later age at menarche, later age at first birth, and breastfeeding were protective against TNBC. Parity, MHT, alcohol, smoking, and BMI were not significantly associated with TNBC overall, but higher parity was associated with higher risk among Black women. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that TNBC has a distinct risk factor profile compared with overall breast cancer. This can be the foundational work in identification of actionable TNBC risk factors to improve prevention and early detection of these poor prognosis breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Sarah Ehsan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shahana Banerjee
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Claudia Fernandez Perez
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isabelle Lhuilier
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jillian Neuner
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tara Friebel-Klingner
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Oluwadamilola M Fayanju
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bindhu Nair
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Sara Anjum Niinuma
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | | | - Anne Marie McCarthy
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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2
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Ihenacho U, Hamilton AS, Mack WJ, Wu AH, Unger JB, Pathak DR, Hirko KA, Houang RT, Press MF, Schwartz KL, Marcus LR, Velie EM. Lifetime personal cigarette smoking and risk of young-onset breast cancer by subtype among non-Hispanic Black and White women in the Young Women's Health History Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 195:353-366. [PMID: 35925453 PMCID: PMC10424682 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between lifetime personal cigarette smoking and young-onset breast cancer (YOBC; diagnosed <50 years of age) risk overall and by breast cancer (BC) subtype, and whether risk varies by race or socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS Data are from the Young Women's Health History Study (YWHHS), a population-based case-control study of non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and White (NHW) women, ages 20-49 years (n = 1812 cases, n = 1381 controls) in the Los Angeles County and Metropolitan Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry areas, 2010-2015. Lifetime personal cigarette smoking characteristics and YOBC risk by subtype were examined using sample-weighted, multivariable-adjusted polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS YOBC risk associated with ever versus never smoking differed by subtype (Pheterogeneity = 0.01) with risk significantly increased for Luminal A (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.68) and HER2-type (aOR 1.97; 95% CI 1.23-3.16), and no association with Luminal B or Triple Negative subtypes. Additionally, ≥30 years since smoking initiation (versus never) was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of Luminal A (aOR 1.55; 95% CI 1.07-2.26) and HER2-type YOBC (aOR 2.77; 95% CI 1.32-5.79), but not other subtypes. In addition, among parous women, smoking initiated before first full-term pregnancy (versus never) was significantly associated with an increased risk of Luminal A YOBC (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.11-1.89). We observed little evidence for interactions by race and SEP. CONCLUSION Findings confirm prior reports of a positive association between cigarette smoking and Luminal A YOBC and identify a novel association between smoking and HER2-type YOBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugonna Ihenacho
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Ann S. Hamilton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jennifer B. Unger
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Dorothy R. Pathak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Kelly A. Hirko
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Richard T. Houang
- Center for the Study of Curriculum, College of Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Michael F. Press
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kendra L. Schwartz
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Lydia R. Marcus
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ellen M. Velie
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
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3
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He Y, Si Y, Li X, Hong J, Yu C, He N. The relationship between tobacco and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:961970. [PMID: 36185316 PMCID: PMC9520920 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.961970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe effect of tobacco on breast cancer (BC) is controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tobacco and BC.MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases before February 2022. The adjusted odd ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to examine the relationship between active or passive smoking and BC risk.ResultsA total of 77 articles composed of 2,326,987 participants were included for this meta-analysis. Active (OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.11-1.20, p<0.001) and passive (OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.09-1.24, p<0.001) smoking increased the risk of BC in the female population, especially premenopausal BC (active smoking: OR=1.24, p<0.001; passive smoking: OR=1.29, p<0.001), but had no effect on postmenopausal BC (active smoking: OR=1.03, p=0.314; passive smoking: OR=1.13, p=0.218). Active smoking increased the risk of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC risk (OR=1.13, p<0.001), but had no effect on estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) BC (OR=1.08, p=0.155). The risk of BC was positively associated with the duration and intensity of smoking, negatively associated with the duration of smoking cessation. Active smoking increased the risk of BC in the multiparous population (OR=1.13, p<0.001), but had no effect on the nulliparous population (OR=1.05, p=0.432), and smoking before the first birth (OR=1.22, 95% CI=1.17-1.27) had a greater impact on the risk of BC than smoking after the first birth (OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.04-1.12).ConclusionSmoking (active and passive) increased the risk of BC in women. The effect of smoking on BC was influenced by smoking-related factors (duration, intensity, years of quitting), population-related factors (fertility status), and BC subtypes.Systematic Review Registrationidentifier CRD42022322699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuexiu Si
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyuan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaze Hong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chiyuan Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Tumor High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Ning He,
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Bitsie KR, Cheng TYD, McCann SE, Zirpoli G, Yao S, Bandera EV, Kolonel LN, Rosenberg L, Olshan AF, Palmer JR, Ambrosone CB. Dietary Vitamin A and Breast Cancer Risk in Black Women: The African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium. J Nutr 2021; 151:3725-3737. [PMID: 34494098 PMCID: PMC8643579 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in women of European descent showed an inverse association of dietary vitamin A (retinol and carotenoids) intake with breast cancer risks, mainly in premenopausal women. OBJECTIVES We examined whether higher compared with lower levels of dietary vitamin A are associated with reduced breast cancer risks among Black women by estrogen receptor (ER) and menopausal statuses. METHODS In this pooled analysis, data were from 3564 breast cancer cases and 11,843 controls (mean ages = 56.4 and 56.3 years, respectively) in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium. Dietary intake was assessed by FFQs. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for study-specific quintiles of total vitamin A equivalents and individual carotenoids, and a pooled OR was estimated by a random-effect model. RESULTS We observed an inverse association of total vitamin A equivalents with ER-positive breast cancer (quintiles 5 compared with 1: pooled OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.67-1.00; P-trend = 0.045). The association was seen among premenopausal women (pooled OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.43-0.83; P-trend = 0.004), but not among postmenopausal women (pooled OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.77-1.28; P-trend = 0.78). Additionally, there were inverse associations of dietary β-carotene (quintiles 5 compared with 1: pooled OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51-0.95; P-trend = 0.08) and lutein (pooled OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45-0.87; P-trend = 0.020) with ER-positive breast cancer among premenopausal women. There was no evidence for an association of total vitamin A equivalents or individual carotenoids with ER-negative breast cancer, regardless of menopausal status. CONCLUSIONS Our findings on dietary vitamin A and breast cancer risks in Black women are consistent with observations in women of European descent and advance the literature showing an inverse association for ER-positive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Bitsie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville FL, USA
| | | | - Susan E McCann
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gary Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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5
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Takada K, Kashiwagi S, Asano Y, Goto W, Kouhashi R, Yabumoto A, Morisaki T, Fujita H, Shibutani M, Takashima T, Hirakawa K, Ohira M. The effect of smoking on biological change of recurrent breast cancer. J Transl Med 2020; 18:153. [PMID: 32248830 PMCID: PMC7132886 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selection of treatment for a patient with breast cancer largely relies on the cancer subtype. However, this process is complicated by changes in tumor biology at relapse. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor for breast cancer. The direct effect of a tobacco component delivered via blood circulation on the mammary gland tissue and subsequent DNA damage have been proposed to explain the association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer carcinogenesis. This postulation is supported by both tissue culture and animal studies demonstrating that the associated DNA damage further alters breast cancer cells, as indicated by an increased proliferative capacity and malignant transformation. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between changes in Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) each receptor at recurrence, and smoking and the prognosis after recurrence. METHODS This retrospective study included 989 patients with primary breast cancer who developed relapse after surgery and 50 patients who underwent regenerative biopsy or surgery from December 2007 to March 2018. ER, PgR, and HER2 expression in the primary and recurrent lesions was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the correlations of these expression patterns with smoking history (pack-years) were examined. RESULTS When ER was evaluated in recurrent tumors, negative and positive conversions were recognized in 3 (6.0%) and 1 patient (2.0%), respectively. When PgR was evaluated, negative conversion was recognized in 15 patients (30.0%). When HER2 was evaluated, positive conversion was recognized in 6 patients (12.0%). Consequently, we observed a change in the intrinsic subtype in in 5 patients with recurrent tumors (10.0%). Although most clinical factors were not correlated with smoking, a positive conversion of HER2 in recurrence was significantly more frequent among smokers than among non-smokers (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Biological changes during breast cancer recurrence should be given careful clinical consideration because they affect treatment after recurrence. Our results suggest that smoking may induce increased HER2 expression in recurrent breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuka Asano
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Goto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Kouhashi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Akimichi Yabumoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tamami Morisaki
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Fujita
- Department of Scientific and Linguistic Fundamentals of Nursing, Osaka City University Graduate School of Nursing, 1-5-17 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Masatsune Shibutani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takashima
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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6
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Risk factors for Luminal A ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211488. [PMID: 30682163 PMCID: PMC6347264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Invasive breast cancers are thought to arise from in situ lesions, but some ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are indolent with low likelihood of progressing to invasive carcinoma. Comparison of risk factor associations between DCIS and invasive disease may elucidate which factors influence early versus late stages of carcinogenesis. Therefore, we determined whether there were differences in risk factor profiles for screen-detected DCIS and invasive breast cancer among Luminal A lesions. Methods We conducted a case-control analysis using data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (1993–2001). Analyses were restricted to Luminal A tumors and screen-detected tumors among mammography-eligible women, to limit confounding by mode of detection (N = 108 DCIS; N = 203 invasive). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between risk factors and lesion type. Results In stratified analyses, we observed qualitative differences in the direction of association for ever smoking, obese BMI, high waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR), and ≥10 years of oral contraceptive use between DCIS and invasive disease. Breastfeeding was inversely associated with invasive disease and was not associated with DCIS. Interaction tests for risk factor associations between Luminal A DCIS and invasive breast cancer were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusions Among Luminal A tumors, established breast cancer risk factors may exert stronger effects on progression of early lesions to invasive disease, with lesser effects on risk of DCIS.
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7
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Takada K, Kashiwagi S, Asano Y, Goto W, Takahashi K, Fujita H, Takashima T, Tomita S, Hirakawa K, Ohira M. Clinical verification of the relationship between smoking and the immune microenvironment of breast cancer. J Transl Med 2019; 17:13. [PMID: 30616624 PMCID: PMC6323676 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune tumor microenvironment (iTME) is thought to affect the response to chemotherapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are often used as an indicator to evaluate the iTME. Smoking is involved in carcinogenesis, the relationship between smoking and the iTME of lung cancer has been reported. We hypothesized that smoking would affect the iTME of breast cancer and aimed to examine this relationship based on the amount of pre-diagnosis smoking and the subsequent effects on treatment response and prognosis. Methods This retrospective study evaluated data from 149 patients who underwent preoperative chemotherapy for triple-negative or HER2-enriched breast cancer. TILs were assessed in biopsy specimens at diagnosis. The data of all patients were used to calculate each patient’s smoking amount based on pack-years. Results Relative to the low smoking group, the high smoking group had a significant greater TILs density (p = 0.043) and a significantly better pathological complete response (pCR) rate (p = 0.042). However, there was no significant difference according to smoking amount in disease-free survival (p = 0.114) or overall survival (p = 0.347). Conclusions Smoking may influence the iTME, with an activated iTME being associated with pCR rate. Therefore, controlled activation of the microenvironment in this setting may help improve patients’ prognosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1773-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuka Asano
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Goto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Fujita
- Department of Scientific and Linguistic Fundamentals of Nursing, Osaka City University Graduate School of Nursing, 1-5-17 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takashima
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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8
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Gupta V, Haque I, Chakraborty J, Graff S, Banerjee S, Banerjee SK. Racial disparity in breast cancer: can it be mattered for prognosis and therapy. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:119-132. [PMID: 29188479 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as a deadly disease that affects the lives of millions of women worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Advancements in BC screening, preventive measures and treatment have resulted in significant decline in BC related deaths. However, unacceptable levels of racial disparity have been consistently reported, especially in African-American (AA) women compared to European American (EA). AA women go through worse prognosis, shorter survival time and higher mortality rates, despite higher cancer incidence reported in EA. These disparities are independent of socioeconomic status, access to healthcare or age, or even the stage of BC. Recent race-specific genetic and epigenetic studies have reported biological causes, which form the crux of this review. However, the developments are just the tip of the iceberg. Prioritizing primary research towards studying race-specific tumor microenvironment and biological composition of the host system in delineating the cause of these disparities is utmost necessary to ameliorate the disparity and design appropriate diagnosis/treatment regimen for AA women suffering from BC. In this review article, we discuss emerging trends and exciting discoveries that reveal how genetic/epigenetic circuitry contributed to racial disparity and discussed the strategies that may help in future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalaxmi Gupta
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jinia Chakraborty
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Blue Valley West High School, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | - Stephanie Graff
- Sarah Cannon Cancer Center at HCA Midwest Health, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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9
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Gray JM, Rasanayagam S, Engel C, Rizzo J. State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment. Environ Health 2017; 16:94. [PMID: 28865460 PMCID: PMC5581466 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this review, we examine the continually expanding and increasingly compelling data linking radiation and various chemicals in our environment to the current high incidence of breast cancer. Singly and in combination, these toxicants may have contributed significantly to the increasing rates of breast cancer observed over the past several decades. Exposures early in development from gestation through adolescence and early adulthood are particularly of concern as they re-shape the program of genetic, epigenetic and physiological processes in the developing mammary system, leading to an increased risk for developing breast cancer. In the 8 years since we last published a comprehensive review of the relevant literature, hundreds of new papers have appeared supporting this link, and in this update, the evidence on this topic is more extensive and of better quality than that previously available. CONCLUSION Increasing evidence from epidemiological studies, as well as a better understanding of mechanisms linking toxicants with development of breast cancer, all reinforce the conclusion that exposures to these substances - many of which are found in common, everyday products and byproducts - may lead to increased risk of developing breast cancer. Moving forward, attention to methodological limitations, especially in relevant epidemiological and animal models, will need to be addressed to allow clearer and more direct connections to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M. Gray
- Department of Psychology and Program in Science, Technology, and Society, Vassar College, 124 Raymond Avenue, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604-0246 USA
| | - Sharima Rasanayagam
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
| | - Connie Engel
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
| | - Jeanne Rizzo
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
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Jerônimo AFDA, Weller M. Differential Association of the Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors Smoking and Obesity with Triple Negative Breast Cancer in a Brazilian Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1585-1593. [PMID: 28669172 PMCID: PMC6373799 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.6.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A longer lifespan and changing lifestyle-related and reproductive risk factors have led to an increased incidence of breast cancer in Brazil. There have been few studies about associations of specific risk factors with molecular subtypes of the disease. The aim of the present study was to identify factors that modulate the risk of triple negative breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A case-case analysis was performed. Data for 236 breast cancer patients from two reference centres in North-eastern Brazil were applied to assess the association of risk factors with triple negative breast cancer relative to the luminal A subtype. Molecular subtypes were defined by expression status of hormone receptors and amplification of HER2. Nominal logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and to generate a model of independent variables. Results: Smoking and body mass index were differentially associated with likelihood of triple negative breast cancer compared to the Luminal A subtype (p= 0.013; p= 0.004): Women who ever smoked some time in their lives were 4.016 (OR= 0.249; CI 95%: 0.09- 0.71) times less likely to have triple negative breast cancer. Obese and overweight patients, respectively, were 4.489 (CI 95%: 1.32- 15.28) and 1.340 (CI 95%: 0.38- 4.69) times more likely to have triple negative breast cancer. Conclusions: Case-case analysis with the Luminal A subtype as the reference group indicated that smoking and body mass index are differentially associated with risk of triple negative breast cancer.
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