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Hernández-Moreno A, Vásquez-Palma O, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez F, Cordero-Ahiman O, Celedón-Celis N, Hochstetter-Diez J. Analysis of Food Security of Older Rural Indigenous People in Latin America and the Caribbean. Foods 2024; 13:1772. [PMID: 38891000 PMCID: PMC11172135 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity is a critical issue in the Americas, with severe impacts in the Caribbean, Mesoamerica, and South America, particularly affecting older adults in Indigenous and rural contexts where it intersects with poverty, gender, and ethnicity. This study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the current research about food insecurity among older Indigenous adults in Latin America and the Caribbean. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, utilizing specific search queries and the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) strategy across multiple databases to identify the pertinent studies. The findings indicate an increase in academic output on this topic since 2018, with significant emphasis on the interplay between climate change and food insecurity. The review highlights the importance of developing targeted food programs, reforming policies, and fostering collaboration between academia and local communities to implement practical interventions. Despite the growing body of literature, a notable research gap persists in rural areas of Latin America and the Caribbean. This study underscores the necessity of balancing the geographic distribution of research and emphasizes the preservation of cultural practices and the adaptation of public policies to support traditional food practices. It advocates for culturally sensitive interventions and interdisciplinary collaboration to formulate comprehensive strategies. The originality and value of this study lie in its focused analysis of older Indigenous adults, contributing crucial insights to the international literature on food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Hernández-Moreno
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.H.-M.); (N.C.-C.)
- Centro de Estudios y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Olga Vásquez-Palma
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | | | - Otilia Cordero-Ahiman
- Departamento de Economía, Empresa y Desarrollo Sostenible, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010201, Ecuador;
| | - Natalia Celedón-Celis
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.H.-M.); (N.C.-C.)
| | - Jorge Hochstetter-Diez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación e Informática, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
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Lam RD, Huynh LTM, Lozano Lazo DP, Gasparatos A. Diet change and sustainability in Indigenous areas: characteristics, drivers, and impacts of diet change in Gunayala, Panama. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37363303 PMCID: PMC10173224 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-023-01325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Many Indigenous communities around the world have been experiencing rapid and profound diet changes. This case report uses a Sustainability Science lens to understand the characteristics of diet change in Indigenous Gunas communities of Panama, as well as its drivers and sustainability impacts. We use primary information collected through interviews with 30 experts and 232 household surveys in three Gunas islands characterised by different levels of development, western influence, and cultural erosion. We observe a rapid westernization of diets that has been mainly driven by closer interaction with tourists and the Panamanian society, as well as broader development processes. However, this diet change has a series of intersecting sustainability impacts related to food security, health, and socio-cultural and environmental change. It is necessary to understand the intersection of these phenomena when designing programs and interventions that seek to prevent or mitigate negative diet changes in Gunayala, and other Indigenous contexts more broadly. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-023-01325-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Dam Lam
- Graduate Programme on Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative (GPSS-GLI), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- WorldFish, Bayan Lepas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Lam T. M. Huynh
- Graduate Programme on Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative (GPSS-GLI), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Alexandros Gasparatos
- Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU-IAS), United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kapoor R, Sabharwal M, Ghosh-Jerath S. Diet Quality, Nutritional Adequacy and Anthropometric Status among Indigenous Women of Reproductive Age Group (15-49 Years) in India: A Narrative Review. DIETETICS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:1-22. [PMID: 37637490 PMCID: PMC7614979 DOI: 10.3390/dietetics2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In India, indigenous communities are nutritionally vulnerable, with indigenous women suffering the greater burden. Studies and surveys have reported poor nutritional outcomes among indigenous women in India, yet systematic documentation of community-specific nutrition data is lacking. We conducted a narrative review of 42 studies to summarise the nutritional profile of indigenous women of India, with details on their food and nutrient intakes, dietary diversity, traditional food consumption and anthropometric status. Percentage deficits were observed in intake of pulses, green leafy vegetables, fruits, vegetables, flesh foods and dairy products when compared with recommended dietary intakes for moderately active Indian women. Indices of diet quality in indigenous women were documented in limited studies, which revealed poor dietary diversity as well as low consumption of diverse traditional foods. A high risk of nutritional inadequacy was reported in all communities, especially for iron, calcium, and vitamin A. Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency was high in most communities, with dual burden of malnutrition in indigenous women of north-eastern region. Findings from this review can thus help guide future research and provide valuable insights for policymakers and program implementers on potential interventions for addressing specific nutritional issues among indigenous women of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridhima Kapoor
- Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi 110001, India
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Manisha Sabharwal
- Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi 110001, India
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Zonta ML, Servián A, Panisse G, Oyhenart EE, Navone GT. Nutritional status, intestinal parasitic infections, and socio-environmental conditions in Mbyá-guaraní children: The current situation in communities in central Misiones, Argentina. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23749. [PMID: 35388936 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our previous research in Mbyá-guaraní communities of central Misiones showed high levels of growth stunting and intestinal parasites in children, as well as associations between these variables and deficient sanitary conditions. New studies were necessary to update the present health status of the previously studied Mbyá populations after around two decades. Therefore, we evaluated the current nutritional status, intestinal parasites, and socio-environmental conditions among Mbyá-guaraní children from these communities. METHODS Body weight and height of 102 individuals (aged 2-14) were measured and nutritional status was estimated according to the World Health Organization criteria. Serial fecal samples and anal swabs were analyzed from 75 children (aged 1-14). Socio-environmental data were obtained from questionnaires. RESULTS The prevalence of undernutrition was 31.4% and excess of weight was 10.8%. The prevalence of stunting and of overweight reached 30.4% and 8.8%, respectively. About 85% of the children were infected with at least one of the 14 species identified, and around 44% had multiple parasite infections. The most prevalent species were Enterobius vermicularis and hookworms. Among undernourished children, 88.2% were parasitized by at least one of the potentially pathogenic species detected. Most of the families lived in overcrowded conditions in precarious houses, defecated in latrines, and consumed well water. A higher risk of parasitosis was associated with the source of drinking water. CONCLUSIONS Although the prevalence of undernutrition and intestinal parasites decreased compared with our previous studies, we still observed the coexistence of stunting, excess weight, and parasitic infections, in a context of socio-environmental vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lorena Zonta
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Servián
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Panisse
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evelia E Oyhenart
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ontogenia y Adaptación (LINOA)- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela T Navone
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
AbstractFood systems that deliver healthy diets without exceeding the planet’s resources are essential to achieve the worlds’ ambitious development goals. Healthy diets need to be safe, accessible, and affordable for all, including for disadvantaged and nutritionally vulnerable groups such as of smallholder producers, traders, and consumers in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, food systems are experiencing rapid and drastic changes and are failing to fulfil these multiple duties simultaneously. The international community therefore calls for rigorous food systems transformations and policy solutions to support the achievement of healthy diets for all. Most strategies, however, are essentially supply- and market-oriented. Incorporation of a healthy diet perspective in food system transformation is essential to enable food systems to deliver not only on supplying nutritious foods but also on ensuring that consumers have access can afford and desire healthy, sustainable, and culturally acceptable diets. This paper argues that this should be guided by information on diets, dietary trends, consumer motives, and food environment characteristics. Transformational approaches and policies should also take into account the stage of food system development requiring different strategies to ensure healthier diets for consumers. We review current knowledge on drivers of consumer choices at the individual and food environment level with special emphasis on low- and middle income countries, discuss the converging and conflicting objectives that exist among multiple food-system actors, and argue that failure to strengthen synergies and resolve trade-offs may lead to missed opportunities and benefits, or negative unintended consequences in food system outcomes. The paper proposes a menu of promising consumer- and food-environment- oriented policy options to include in the food systems transformation agenda in order to shift LMIC consumer demand towards healthier diets in low- and middle income countries.
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Sombra NM, Gomes HLM, Sousa AM, Almeida GSD, Souza Filho ZAD, Toledo NDN. High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3477. [PMID: 34495189 PMCID: PMC8432582 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4970.3477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with prehypertension and arterial
hypertension among Munduruku indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 459 Munduruku indigenous people
selected by means of stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic variables,
habits and lifestyles, anthropometric data, fasting glucose and lipid
profiles were evaluated. An automatic device calibrated and validated to
measure blood pressure was used. The analyses of the data collected were
carried out in the R software, version 3.5.1. For continuous variables, the
Kruskall-Wallis test was used; for the categorical ones, Fischer’s Exact.
The significance level was set at 5% and p-value≤0.05. Results: the prevalence of altered blood pressure levels was 10.2% for values
suggestive of hypertension and 4.1% for pre-hypertension. The risk of
prehypertension among indigenous people was associated with being male
(OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.65-4.21) and having a substantially increased waist
circumference (OR=7.82; 95% CI=1.80-34.04). Regarding the risk for arterial
hypertension, it was associated with age (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.12), with
increased waist circumference (OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10, 54) and with
substantially increased waist circumference (OR=5.46; 95%
CI=1.78-16.75). Conclusion: among Munduruku indigenous people, men were more vulnerable to developing
hypertension; age and increased waist circumference proved to be strong
cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neuliane Melo Sombra
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Scholarship holder at the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil
| | - Hanna Lorena Moraes Gomes
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Scholarship holder at the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM), Brazil
| | - António Manuel Sousa
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Panciera-di-Zoppola Y, Niño-Restrepo J, Melo-Freile J, Ortiz-Moncada R. Levels of Physical Activity in the Adult Population of La Guajira, Colombia: A Focus on Ethnicity. Front Public Health 2021; 8:610679. [PMID: 33614568 PMCID: PMC7890181 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.610679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the physical activity levels among the ethnic groups in La Guajira, Colombia, according to the different ethnic groups and their sociodemographic factors. With regards to ethnic groups, two groups were studied, ethnic (Indigenous and Afro-Colombian) and non-ethnic (White or Mestizo). In order to obtain the relevant data a non-probability sample of 251 people of ≥18 years of age were asked to complete the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In this analysis, physical activity (METs.min−1) levels were considered as the dependent variable, while the independent variables were linked to the sociodemographic factors: sex, age, social class, civil status, educational level, and municipality of residence. The individuals were then categorized based on their physical activity levels and their compliance with the World Health Organization's (WHO) physical activity recommendations. Next, using the sociodemographic variables, regression models were made to determine the likelihood of the participants meeting these physical activity targets; these models found that 78.1% of the studied participants met the targets. According to the results of the bivariate analysis, participants of ≥47 years of age, and those with only a primary education presented a lower probability of complying with the physical activity recommendations, while those who lived in large municipalities (Riohacha) displayed a larger probability of compliance [OR = 2.16; 95% CI: (1.18–3.96)]. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that Indigenous and Afro-Colombian people in a low social class are more likely to comply with the physical activity recommendations [ORad = 4.88; 95% CI: (1.31–18.1)], while residing in a smaller municipality (Manaure) is associated with a lower probability of compliance [ORad = 0.39; 95% CI: (0.16–0.91)]. In addition, the educated participants were shown to be active and to comply with the physical activity recommendations is to a high degree, even when compared with national and global results. In the ethnic group however, low social class stood out as the sociodemographic factor most associated with high physical activity, while Afro-Colombians were shown to be more active than the Indigenous people. The results of this study offer evidence that can either form a base for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaina Panciera-di-Zoppola
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Faculty of Education, Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.,Guajira Research Group, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.,Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Niño-Restrepo
- Faculty of Education, Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.,Guajira Research Group, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.,National Training Service (SENA), Caldas, Colombia
| | - José Melo-Freile
- Guajira Research Group, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.,Faculty of Engineering, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia
| | - Rocío Ortiz-Moncada
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Food and Nutrition Research Group (ALINUT), University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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